@article {pmid39433886,
year = {2024},
author = {Bernardino, RM and Yin, LB and Lajkosz, K and Cockburn, JG and Wettstein, M and Sayyid, RK and Henrique, R and Pinheiro, LC and van der Kwast, T and Fleshner, NE},
title = {Undetected Cribriform and Intraductal Prostate Cancer at biopsy is associated with adverse outcomes.},
journal = {Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39433886},
issn = {1476-5608},
support = {BD2022.13386//Ministry of Education and Science | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation)/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Intraductal carcinoma (IDC) and cribriform pattern (Crib) of prostate cancer are increasingly recognized as independent prognosticators of poor outcome, both in prostate biopsies and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our project is to assess the impact of false negative biopsies for these two characteristics on oncological outcomes.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who underwent RP between January 2015 and December 2022 were included in the study. Predictors of Biochemical Failure were examined using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS AND LIMITATION: Among the 836 patients who underwent RP, 233 (27.9%) had Crib, and 125 (15.0%) had IDC on prostate biopsy, with 71 (8.5%) patients having both IDC and Crib. Concerning IDC/Crib status at biopsy, 217 (26%) patients had a false-negative biopsy, 332 (39.7%) had a true-negative biopsy, 256 (30.6%) showed a true-positive biopsy, and 24 (3.7%) exhibited a false-positive biopsy, with respect to either pattern. When comparing false-negative, false-positive, true-negative and true-positive biopsies for IDC/Crib, we found that patients with a false-negative biopsy for IDC/Crib versus those with a true-negative biopsy for IDC/Crib disclosed a rate of advanced pathological stage (≥pT3) which was twice that of patients with a true-negative biopsy for IDC/Crib: 56.8% versus 28.1%, respectively (p < 0.001). On multivariate Cox analysis, log PSA before RP (hazard ratio [HR] 2.07, 95% CI 1.53-2.82; p < 0.001), a higher percentage of positive cores at biopsy ( ≥ 33%) (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.07-2.63; p = 0.024), and false negative biopsy for IDC/Crib (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.41-3.25; p < 0.001), were each significantly associated with an increased risk of BCR.

CONCLUSIONS: A false-negative biopsy for IDC/Crib is independently associated with higher risk of BCR and advanced pathological stage compared to a true negative biopsy.},
}

@article {pmid39432469,
year = {2024},
author = {Anh, NK and Lee, A and Phat, NK and Yen, NTH and Thu, NQ and Tien, NTN and Kim, HS and Kim, TH and Kim, DH and Kim, HY and Phuoc Long, N},
title = {Combining metabolomics and machine learning to discover biomarkers for early-stage breast cancer diagnosis.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {19},
number = {10},
pages = {e0311810},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0311810},
pmid = {39432469},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/metabolism ; Female ; *Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; *Metabolomics/methods ; *Machine Learning ; Middle Aged ; *Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Adult ; Aged ; ROC Curve ; Neoplasm Staging ; },
abstract = {There is an urgent need for better biomarkers for the detection of early-stage breast cancer. Utilizing untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics in conjunction with advanced data mining approaches for metabolism-centric biomarker discovery and validation may enhance the identification and validation of novel biomarkers for breast cancer screening. In this study, we employed a multimodal omics approach to identify and validate potential biomarkers capable of differentiating between patients with breast cancer and those with benign tumors. Our findings indicated that ether-linked phosphatidylcholine exhibited a significant difference between invasive ductal carcinoma and benign tumors, including cases with inconsistent mammography results. We observed alterations in numerous lipid species, including sphingomyelin, triacylglycerol, and free fatty acids, in the breast cancer group. Furthermore, we identified several dysregulated hydrophilic metabolites in breast cancer, such as glutamate, glycochenodeoxycholate, and dimethyluric acid. Through robust multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis utilizing machine learning models, either linear support vector machines or random forest models, we successfully distinguished between cancerous and benign cases with promising outcomes. These results emphasize the potential of metabolic biomarkers to complement other criteria in breast cancer screening. Future studies are essential to further validate the metabolic biomarkers identified in our study and to develop assays for clinical applications.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/metabolism
Female
*Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
*Metabolomics/methods
*Machine Learning
Middle Aged
*Early Detection of Cancer/methods
Adult
Aged
ROC Curve
Neoplasm Staging

@article {pmid39430818,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhou, R and Liu, M and Li, M and Peng, Y and Zhang, X},
title = {BUB1 as a novel marker for predicting the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis of breast cancer.},
journal = {Translational cancer research},
volume = {13},
number = {9},
pages = {4534-4554},
pmid = {39430818},
issn = {2219-6803},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 1 (BUB1) is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, showing prominent importance for proper function during mitosis. However, little is known about BUB1 mRNA expression in breast cancer (BRCA) and its correlation with prognosis and immune infiltration. Hence, we aimed to unveil its potential as groundbreaking biomarkers for immunotherapy efficacy and the prognosis of BRCA.

METHODS: Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) is a potent tool for identifying significant clusters of genes and pathways in the resulting dataset. In this study, gene set enrichment analysis of BUB1 was conducted using DAVID. The clinical characteristics of patients with or without altered BUB1 mRNA expression were compared using cBioPortal. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) is a known as database for comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in various cancers. In the present study, the relationship between BUB1 expression and the abundance of immune infiltrates was explored using TIMER in BRCA. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to analyze the protein expression of BUB1 in tumor tissue specimens. We used PrognoScan and Kaplan-Meier Plotter to evaluate the prognosis of patients with different BUB1 expression levels.

RESULTS: The expression of BUB1 in various tumor tissues was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. BUB1 was mainly localized to the nucleoplasm and additionally localized to the cytosol. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that the cell cycle was the most significant pathway. Abnormal BUB1 mRNA expression was more frequently detected in invasive ductal carcinoma with higher histological grades and BRCAs with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, and basal-like phenotypes. The BUB1 expression was correlated positively with tumor purity, B cells, CD8[+] T cells, CD4[+] T cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, while BUB1 had no significant correlation with macrophages. The results of immunohistochemical staining from clinical samples further confirmed that BUB1 was overexpressed in BRCA compared to benign tumor (fibroadenoma of breast) (P<0.01). BRCA patients with lower BUB1 expression had a better prognosis than those with higher BUB1 expression in overall survival (OS) curves, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) curves, and relapse-free survival (RFS) curves (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that BUB1 is a potential molecular biomarker for evaluating the prognosis and predicting the effectiveness of immunotherapy for BRCA.},
}

@article {pmid39426973,
year = {2024},
author = {Wojtowicz, W and Tarkowski, R and Olczak, A and Szymczycha-Madeja, A and Pohl, P and Maciejczyk, A and Trembecki, Ł and Matkowski, R and Młynarz, P},
title = {Serum metabolite and metal ions profiles for breast cancer screening.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {24559},
pmid = {39426973},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {WCB KNOW 2014-2018//Politechnika Wrocławska/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/metabolism ; Female ; *Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; *Metabolomics/methods ; Middle Aged ; *Metals/blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Adult ; Aged ; Ions/blood ; Metabolome ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; },
abstract = {Enhancing early-stage breast cancer detection requires integrating additional screening methods with current diagnostic imaging. Omics screening, using easily collectible serum samples, could serve as an initial step. Alongside biomarker identification capabilities, omics analysis allows for a comprehensive analysis of prevalent histological types-DCIS and IDC. Employing metabolomics, metallomics, and machine learning, could yield accurate screening models with valuable insights into organism responses. Serum samples of confirmed breast cancer patients were utilized to analyze metabolite and metal ion profiles, using two distinct analysis methods, proton NMR for metabolomics and ICP-OES for metallomics. The resulting responses were then subjected to discriminant analysis, progression biomarker exploration, examination of correlations between patients' metabolites and metal ions, and the impact of age and menopause status. Measured NMR spectra and metabolite relative integrals were used to achieve statistically significant discrimination through MVA between breast cancer and control groups. The analysis identified 24 metabolites and 4 metal ions crucial for discrimination. Furthermore, four metabolites were associated with disease progression. Additionally, there were important correlations and relationships between metabolite relative integrals, metal ion concentrations, and age/menopausal status subgroups. Quantified relative integrals allowed for discrimination between studied subgroups, validated with a holdout set. Feature importance and statistical analysis for metabolomics and metallomics extracted a set of common entities which in combination provides valuable insights into ongoing molecular disturbances and disease progression.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/metabolism
Female
*Early Detection of Cancer/methods
*Metabolomics/methods
Middle Aged
*Metals/blood
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
Adult
Aged
Ions/blood
Metabolome
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods

@article {pmid39425987,
year = {2023},
author = {Chen, SZ and Nguyen, J},
title = {Detection of Primary Malignancy With Contrast-Enhanced Mammography.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {96-98},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbac054},
pmid = {39425987},
issn = {2631-6129},
}

@article {pmid39418320,
year = {2024},
author = {Schwarz, D and Marois, ML and Sturm, V and Peters, AS and Longuespée, R and Helm, D and Schneider, M and Eichmüller, B and Hidmark, AS and Fischer, M and Kender, Z and Schwab, C and Hausser, I and Weis, J and Dihlmann, S and Böckler, D and Bendszus, M and Heiland, S and Herzig, S and Nawroth, PP and Szendroedi, J and Fleming, T},
title = {Exploring Structural and Molecular Features of Sciatic Nerve Lesions in Diabetic Neuropathy: Unveiling Pathogenic Pathways and Targets.},
journal = {Diabetes},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.2337/db24-0493},
pmid = {39418320},
issn = {1939-327X},
abstract = {Lesioned fascicles (LF) in the sciatic nerves of individuals with diabetic neuropathy (DN) correlate with clinical symptom severity. This study aimed to characterize the structural and molecular composition of these lesions to better understand DN pathogenesis. Sciatic nerves from amputees with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) were examined using ex vivo magnetic resonance neurography, in vitro imaging, and proteomic analysis. Lesions were only found in T2D donors and exhibited significant structural abnormalities, including axonal degeneration, demyelination, and impaired blood nerve barrier (BNB). While non-lesioned fascicles from T2D donors showed activation of neuroprotective pathways, lesioned fascicles lacked this response and instead displayed increased complement activation via the classical pathway. The detection of liver-derived acute-phase proteins suggests that BNB disruption facilitates harmful inter-organ communication between the liver and nerves. These findings reveal key molecular mechanisms contributing to DN and highlight potential targets for therapeutic intervention.},
}

@article {pmid39410615,
year = {2024},
author = {Usul, G and Kelten Talu, EC and Yılmaz, İ and Issın, GN and Bektaş, S and Can Trabulus, D},
title = {The Association of Neuroendocrine Differentiation with MicroRNA 21 and MicroRNA let7f Expression and the Clinicopathological Parameters in Primary Invasive Breast Carcinomas with Neuroendocrine Features.},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {14},
number = {19},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/diagnostics14192211},
pmid = {39410615},
issn = {2075-4418},
abstract = {MiRNAs have been reported as biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value for many different diseases. Therapeutic agents targeting some miRNAs are currently being developed. We aimed to compare BC-NEFs (carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine features) with IDC (invasive ductal carcinoma) cases without neuroendocrine features in terms of the level of miRNA expression known to show the oncogenic (miR-21) and tumor-suppressor effects (miR-let7f) and the clinicopathological features. A total of 29 patients with a diagnosis of BC-NEFs (15 cases with neuroendocrine differentiation >50% of the whole section of tumor and 14 cases with neuroendocrine differentiation 10-50% of the tumor) and 30 patients with a diagnosis of IDC (no neuroendocrine differentiation) were retrospectively re-evaluated. Expression levels of miR-21 and miR-let7f were determined by the qRT-PCR method in paraffin tissue blocks. MiR-21 expression was significantly higher in the IDC group than in the group with BC-NEFs. miR-let7f expression was significantly lower in the group with BC-NEFs compared to the IDC group. A high expression level of miR-21 was found to be associated with progesterone receptor (PR) negativity. Our findings show that the presence of NEFs in breast carcinomas makes a significant difference in the expression levels of the investigated oncogenic (miR-21) and tumor-suppressor (miR-let7f) miRNAs. These findings suggest that miRNAs may be a potential biomarker in BC-NEFs and would benefit from targeted therapy.},
}

@article {pmid39399800,
year = {2024},
author = {Noto, M and Satake, T and Taki, K and Ikeda, T and Tsukura, K and Ikusaka, K and Katsuragi, R and Onoda, S},
title = {Breast Reconstruction Using Combined Unilateral Hemiabdominal DIEP Flap with Lipofilling from the Contralateral Abdomen.},
journal = {Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open},
volume = {12},
number = {10},
pages = {e6239},
pmid = {39399800},
issn = {2169-7574},
abstract = {The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is the gold standard breast reconstruction procedure for patients with adequate lower abdominal tissue and is often elevated, including the unilateral DIEP. In patients with a lower midline abdominal surgical scar, the volume of the DIEP flap used for breast reconstruction may be limited because of the cessation of blood perfusion over the scar. Several options have been used for increasing the flap volume using bipedicled flaps; however, they are more invasive for the abdominal donor site and require longer operation time for complex vascular anastomoses. To overcome these disadvantages, we propose immediate breast reconstruction with simultaneous fat grafting combined with a DIEP flap, which can achieve an adequate breast volume. The patient was a 46-year-old woman with left-sided invasive ductal carcinoma. She underwent a left nipple-sparing mastectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and one-stage immediate DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Indocyanine green angiography was used to evaluate the blood supply to the DIEP flap, and lipofilling was performed from the unstained flap area. The fat was injected into and under the pectoralis major muscle, and the total volume of the fat graft was 66 mL. The advantages of immediate lipofilling harvested from the unstained flap area include minimal sacrifice, the expectation of simultaneous restoration of the overall appearance of the breast with a minimal number of operations, the simplicity of the procedure, and the best use of viable tissues. Therefore, breast reconstruction combined with fat grafting is effective for volume augmentation.},
}

@article {pmid39399621,
year = {2024},
author = {Moradian Haft Cheshmeh, Z and Ostovar, A and Ghanbari Motlagh, A and Asadi-Lari, M},
title = {Examining the Completeness of Breast Cancer Pathology Reports Registered in the Population-Based Cancer Registration System in Iran during 2016 to 2018.},
journal = {Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran},
volume = {38},
number = {},
pages = {61},
pmid = {39399621},
issn = {1016-1430},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Ensuring the comprehensive and accurate representation of data within cancer registries holds paramount significance across various facets of public health decision-making. This study delves into the evaluation of data completeness in breast cancer (BC) pathology reports within a population-based cancer registration system in Iran, spanning the period from 2016 to 2018.

METHODS: Employing a retrospective and descriptive analytical approach, we harnessed secondary data extracted from pathology reports encompassing breast cancer diagnoses, which were duly recorded in the Integrated Cancer Information Management System database during 2016-2018. A total of 4000 pathology reports were thoughtfully selected from each of the three years. The spectrum of pathology information encompassed tumor type, site grade, size (T), and involvement of lymph nodes (N). Summary statistics were provided as percentages of categorical variables and mean with standard deviation of continuous variables. A comparison of categorical variables was performed using the Chi-squared test.

RESULTS: The participants' mean age was 51.8±12.5 years. Among the 12,000 studied patients, 5744 (47.9%) were ≤ 50 years old, 5233 (43.6%) were aged 50-69 years, and 1023 (8.5%) were >60 years old. The completeness of BC pathology reports varied for different variables. Interestingly, the completeness of these variables increased with older age groups. The proportion of specific tumor types differed significantly among age groups (P = 0.001). Notably, the prevalence of invasive ductal carcinoma was higher in the ≤ 50 years age group compared to the older cohorts. Likewise, notable variations in tumor sizes were observed (P = 0.009), with a higher prevalence of missing tumor size data noted in the age group ≤ 50 years. On the other hand, pathologic T stage also demonstrated age-dependent variations (P = 0.014), indicating a higher prevalence of missing stages in the ≤ 50 years age group. Finally, tumor grade exhibited a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), with a higher proportion of grade 1 tumors observed in the 50-69 years age group.

CONCLUSION: Tumor grade had the highest completeness rate, while tumor size, pathologic T stage, and pathologic N stage had the lowest. Therefore, a good understanding of completeness of pathology reports, as well as improvement in the registration of stage, integrated system at the national level for BC is warranted.},
}

@article {pmid39398724,
year = {2024},
author = {Troelstra, JM and Murphy, E and Tousimis, E},
title = {Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast Presenting With Contralateral Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
pages = {e69359},
pmid = {39398724},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {This is a case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female presenting with invasive carcinoma of the breast with contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis. This unique presentation presents clinicians with difficulty staging and, therefore, predicting patient prognosis. This patient had a history of right ER/PR positive HER2 negative stage 1 breast cancer s/p lumpectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy and radiation plus tamoxifen x6 months in 2017. She is now presenting with a recurrence of right breast cancer along with additional metastatic disease to the contralateral (left) axilla. She was treated with a skin-sparing mastectomy along with a contralateral lymph node dissection. A negative sentinel lymph node was seen, representing the dilemma of non-contiguous metastatic spread. Histological pathology of the right breast masses revealed multifocal invasive carcinoma of no special type (ductal), along with two of five left axillary lymph nodes positive for metastatic mammary carcinoma. No right-sided sentinel node was identified. The right breast lesions and the left axillary lymph node metastases are all morphologically similar and showed strong ER expression, the results of which are compatible with spreading to the contralateral axilla.},
}

@article {pmid39387224,
year = {2024},
author = {Walsh, AR and Spiars, DE and Loder, C and Dove-Medows, E and Kalpakjian, C and Hess, A and Postler, K and Munro-Kramer, ML and Ernst, S},
title = {Sexual and Gender Identity-Associated Disparities in University Students' Experiences with Inappropriate, Disrespectful, and Coercive Health Care.},
journal = {LGBT health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1089/lgbt.2023.0373},
pmid = {39387224},
issn = {2325-8306},
abstract = {Purpose: Inappropriate, disrespectful, or coercive health care (IDCH) is associated with patient age and sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) and can impact healthcare engagement and outcomes. Emerging adulthood is a critical period for establishing trust in health care, yet little is known about university students' IDCH experiences. This study assessed the IDCH prevalence and identified IDCH-SOGI associations in a university student sample. Methods: Using data from the cross-sectional IDC Survey (2021), we quantified the lifetime prevalence of 18 IDCH items in a sample of 3403 university students. Chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess bivariate associations between IDCH items and SOGI. We modeled associations between demographic characteristics and two types of provider-sexual misconduct using logistic regression. Results: Statistically significant associations between SOGI and 17 of the analyzed IDCH items were identified. Self-reported IDCH experiences were more prevalent among minoritized SOGI students than heterosexual cisgender students, including receiving inappropriate/harmful treatment and dismissive or biased provider communication. Gender minority and sexual minority cisgender male and female students had significantly higher odds of ever being touched inappropriately during an exam, compared with heterosexual cisgender males (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval]: 3.07 [1.59-5.93], 2.34 [1.24-4.41], and 1.85 [1.16-2.90], respectively). SOGI was not significantly associated with experiencing a provider's sexual advances. Conclusion: University students with historically minoritized SOGIs may be particularly vulnerable to IDCH experiences; research is needed to understand differential experiences within minoritized sexual and gender subpopulations. Patient and provider education about healthcare norms and trauma-centered care could potentially reduce IDCH and its harms.},
}

@article {pmid39393363,
year = {2024},
author = {Xu, J and Accola, MA and Rehrauer, WM and Weisman, PS},
title = {Pilomatrix-like breast carcinoma: A mammary analog of pilomatrix-like high-grade endometrioid carcinoma (PiMHEC).},
journal = {American journal of clinical pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ajcp/aqae132},
pmid = {39393363},
issn = {1943-7722},
support = {//University of Wisconsin-Madison/ ; //School of Medicine and Public Health/ ; //Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine/ ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To describe what is, to our knowledge, the first recognized case of a triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) with a PiMHEC-like phenotype. Pilomatrix-like high-grade endometrioid carcinoma (PiMHEC) is a high-grade carcinoma with divergent differentiation resembling cutaneous pilomatrix carcinoma that was recently described in the endometrium and ovary. For reference, pertinent features of PiMHEC include (1) high-grade basaloid to squamoid morphology with the presence of ghost cells; (2) only focal p63 and/or p40 expression despite a squamoid appearance; (3) CTNNB1 mutation, accompanied by diffusely aberrant β-catenin expression and LEF1 and/or CDX2 expression; and (4) loss of site-specific markers (ie, PAX8, ER).

METHODS: Here we report the histologic, immunophenotypic and molecular genetic features of a case of a triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) with a PiMHEC-like phenotype.

RESULTS: The tumor developed immediately adjacent to a HER2+, androgen receptor (AR)+, GATA3+ conventional grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with only membranous β-catenin expression. The PiMHEC-like component had all of the above-noted morphologic and immunophenotypic features of endometrial PiMHEC but with loss of GATA3 and AR rather than PAX8 and ER. Molecular analysis performed on both tumor components demonstrated a shared TP53 point mutation and an exon 3 CTNNB1 mutation restricted to the PiMHEC-like component, implying a clonal relationship with secondary acquisition of CTNNB1. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the HER2+ conventional component had completely resolved, but the PiMHEC-like component had very little response.

CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates that a PiMHEC-like phenotype may be seen as a form of TNBC that can develop from conventional IDC, with loss of site-specific biomarkers, acquisition of CTNNB1 mutation, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy.},
}

@article {pmid39392173,
year = {2024},
author = {Huang, YJ and Lin, JA and Chen, WM and Shia, BC and Wu, SY},
title = {Statin Therapy Reduces Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Radiotherapy.},
journal = {Journal of the American Heart Association},
volume = {13},
number = {20},
pages = {e036411},
doi = {10.1161/JAHA.124.036411},
pmid = {39392173},
issn = {2047-9980},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Cardiotoxicity ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects ; Taiwan/epidemiology ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Incidence ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Registries ; Risk Assessment ; Radiation Injuries/epidemiology/prevention & control/etiology ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of statin therapy in reducing major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk among patients with breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients diagnosed with left-sided early breast invasive ductal carcinoma between 2016 and 2019 were included. Propensity score matching was employed to compare MACE risk between statin users and nonusers. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for MACE, considering cumulative defined daily doses and daily defined doses of statins. Among 1481 patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy, statin use significantly reduced MACE risk (aHR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.25-0.44]). Hydrophilic statins, particularly rosuvastatin and pravastatin, demonstrated the greatest risk reduction. Higher cumulative defined daily doses and daily intensity doses of statins were associated with lower MACE risk, indicating a dose-response relationship. The 5-year cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly lower in statin users compared with nonusers (12.24% versus 31.70%).

CONCLUSIONS: Statin therapy is associated with a reduced risk of MACE in patients with breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy. Hydrophilic statins rosuvastatin and pravastatin exhibit the most pronounced cardioprotective effects. These findings suggest a potential role for statins in mitigating cardiovascular complications in this population and highlight the need for further research to optimize statin therapy in survivors of breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.},
}

Humans
Female
*Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
*Cardiotoxicity
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects
Taiwan/epidemiology
Aged
Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy
Incidence
Mastectomy, Segmental
Registries
Risk Assessment
Radiation Injuries/epidemiology/prevention & control/etiology
Adult
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome

@article {pmid39385889,
year = {2024},
author = {Arunachalam Jeykumar, NS and Sacratice, S and Thirugnanam, T and Vadivel, P},
title = {Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma in Pregnancy: A Curious Case of a High-Grade Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Masquerading as a Breast Abscess in the Second Trimester.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
pages = {e68984},
pmid = {39385889},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Inflammatory breast carcinoma is an uncommon presentation of carcinoma breast characterised by tumour cell emboli invading the dermal lymphatics and manifesting as skin oedema and redness, closely resembling acute mastitis. We report the case of a 37-year-old pregnant female in the second trimester (at 16 weeks) with a left breast inflammatory carcinoma deceptively presenting as a breast abscess leading to a late diagnosis, delayed definitive management, and having profound psychological, therapeutic, and prognostic implications. Given its tendency to be clinically misleading and often disregarded until late stages, much emphasis has to be placed on a low threshold of suspicion when suggestive clinical signs are encountered.},
}

@article {pmid39384955,
year = {2024},
author = {Ofoghi, A and Kotschi, S and Lemmer, IL and Haas, DT and Willemsen, N and Bayer, B and Jung, AS and Möller, S and Haberecht-Müller, S and Krüger, E and Krahmer, N and Bartelt, A},
title = {Activating the NFE2L1-ubiquitin-proteasome system by DDI2 protects from ferroptosis.},
journal = {Cell death and differentiation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39384955},
issn = {1476-5403},
support = {BA4925/2-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)/ ; RTG2719 PRO//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)/ ; PROTEOFIT//EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council)/ ; },
abstract = {Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of cell death initiated by oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Recent evidence has linked ferroptosis to the action of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2 derived,-like-1 (NFE2L1). NFE2L1 regulates proteasome abundance in an adaptive fashion, maintaining protein quality control to secure cellular homeostasis, but the regulation of NFE2L1 during ferroptosis and the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) herein are still unclear. In the present study, using an unbiased proteomic approach charting the specific ubiquitylation sites, we show that induction of ferroptosis leads to recalibration of the UPS. RSL3-induced ferroptosis inhibits proteasome activity and leads to global hyperubiquitylation, which is linked to NFE2L1 activation. As NFE2L1 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum tethered to the membrane, it undergoes complex posttranslational modification steps to become active and induce the expression of proteasome subunit genes. We show that proteolytic cleavage of NFE2L1 by the aspartyl protease DNA-damage inducible 1 homolog 2 (DDI2) is a critical step for the ferroptosis-induced feed-back loop of proteasome function. Cells lacking DDI2 cannot activate NFE2L1 in response to RSL3 and show global hyperubiquitylation. Genetic or chemical induction of ferroptosis in cells with a disrupted DDI2-NFE2L1 pathway diminishes proteasomal activity and promotes cell death. Also, treating cells with the clinical drug nelfinavir, which inhibits DDI2, sensitized cells to ferroptosis. In conclusion, our results provide new insight into the importance of the UPS in ferroptosis and highlight the role of the DDI2-NFE2L1 as a potential therapeutic target. Manipulating DDI2-NFE2L1 activity through chemical inhibition might help sensitizing cells to ferroptosis, thus enhancing existing cancer therapies.},
}

@article {pmid39382167,
year = {2024},
author = {Koumantou, D and Adiko, AC and Bourdely, P and Nugue, M and Boedec, E and El-Benna, J and Monteiro, R and Saveanu, C and Laffargue, M and Wymann, MP and Dalod, M and Guermonprez, P and Saveanu, L},
title = {Specific Requirement of the p84/p110γ Complex of PI3Kγ for Antibody-Activated, Inducible Cross-Presentation in Murine Type 2 DCs.},
journal = {Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e2401179},
doi = {10.1002/advs.202401179},
pmid = {39382167},
issn = {2198-3844},
support = {ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-15-CE15-0005//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-17-CE11-0001//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; //Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale/ ; SNF-310030-189065/SNSF_/Swiss National Science Foundation/Switzerland ; ANR-10-EQPX-03//ICGex NGS platform of the Institut Curie/ ; ANR-10-INBS-09-08//ICGex NGS platform of the Institut Curie/ ; INCa-DGOS-465//SiRIC-Curie program/ ; INCa-DGOS- Inserm_12554//SiRIC-Curie program/ ; },
abstract = {Cross-presentation by MHCI is optimally efficient in type 1 dendritic cells (DC) due to their high capacity for antigen processing. However, through specific pathways, other DCs, such as type 2 DCs and inflammatory DCs (iDCs) can also cross-present antigens. FcγR-mediated uptake by type 2 DC and iDC subsets mediates antibody-dependent cross-presentation and activation of CD8[+] T cell responses. Here, an important role for the p84 regulatory subunit of PI3Kγ in mediating efficient cross-presentation of exogenous antigens in otherwise inefficient cross-presenting cells, such as type 2 DCs and GM-CSF-derived iDCs is identified. FcγR-mediated cross-presentation is shown in type 2 and iDCs depend on the enzymatic activity of the p84/p110γ complex of PI3Kγ, which controls the activity of the NADPH oxidase NOX2 and ROS production in murine spleen type 2 DCs and GM-CSF-derived iDCs. In contrast, p84/p110γ is largely dispensable for cross-presentation by type 1 DCs. These findings suggest that PI3Kγ-targeted therapies, currently considered for oncological practice, may interfere with the ability of type 2 DCs and iDCs to cross-present antigens contained in immune complexes.},
}

@article {pmid39381035,
year = {2024},
author = {Bhimani, F and McEvoy, M and Chen, Y and Gupta, A and Pastoriza, J and Fruchter, S and Bitan, ZC and Tomé, WA and Mehta, K and Fox, J and Feldman, S},
title = {Case report: IORT as an alternative treatment option for breast cancer patients with difficulty staying still.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1429326},
pmid = {39381035},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Administering radiation therapy to individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and psychiatric patients taking antipsychotics poses challenges, especially with whole breast irradiation (WBI) due to difficulty staying still (DSS). In such scenarios, intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) provides an alternative. Although prior studies have shown its applicability in special cases where WBI may be contraindicated, there is a paucity of literature emphasizing its role in patients with ID and psychiatric conditions who have DSS. Therefore, our case series aims to highlight the applicability of administering TARGIT-IORT in such patients.

CASE REPORTS: Four breast cancer patients underwent lumpectomy and TARGIT-IORT. Among them, two patients had ID, with one experiencing a decreased range of motion. The other two had psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, both manifesting involuntary movements and DSS. Three patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and one had invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). All patients undergoing TARGIT-IORT tolerated the procedure well. Notably, none of the patients exhibited evidence of disease on follow-up.

CONCLUSION: Our study underscores the potential use of TARGIT-IORT as a viable treatment option for breast cancer patients with intellectual and psychiatric disabilities. Unlike traditional EBRT, TARGIT-IORT offers a single radiation dose, addressing challenges associated with compliance or DSS. Our findings demonstrate positive outcomes and tolerance, especially in patients where standard oncologic procedures are difficult to achieve. TARGIT-IORT could also benefit breast cancer patients with concurrent movement disorders like Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Nonetheless, future studies are needed to reinforce its applicability for patients with DSS.},
}

@article {pmid39379117,
year = {2024},
author = {Salih, MM and Abdulgafor, DA and Dahlawi, HA and Khalifa, EH},
title = {The value and significance of nucleolar organizer region proteins as markers of malignancy in breast cancer patients.},
journal = {Saudi medical journal},
volume = {45},
number = {10},
pages = {1028-1033},
pmid = {39379117},
issn = {1658-3175},
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism ; Female ; Middle Aged ; *Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Adult ; *Nucleolus Organizer Region/metabolism/pathology ; Aged ; Antigens, Nuclear/metabolism/analysis ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/metabolism ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To assess argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in 60 patients with primary breast carcinoma and evaluated their association with clinical prognostic parameters of breast cancer.

METHODS: Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions were stained in paraffin sections of the tissues using Ploton's silver method. For each sample, the number of AgNORs within the nuclei of 100 tumor cells was counted. The average number of AgNORs per nucleus was calculated, and the results were expressed as mean.

RESULTS: The number of AgNORs was significantly higher in breast invasive ductal carcinoma (6.6) compared to benign breast tumors (fewer than 2.0). However, differences in AgNOR counts across different age groups were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that AgNOR counts could be used as a potential procedure for estimating proliferation characteristics in histopathological sections of benign and malignant breast lesions. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region counts may also be valuable for identifying high-risk patients and indicating tumor aggressiveness. A larger study with an increased sample size that incorporates both AgNOR numbers and Ki67 scores for assessing cell kinetics is needed to confirm our findings.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism
Female
Middle Aged
*Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
Adult
*Nucleolus Organizer Region/metabolism/pathology
Aged
Antigens, Nuclear/metabolism/analysis
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/metabolism

@article {pmid39378121,
year = {2024},
author = {Xu, Y and Yuan, L and Liu, Z and Long, J and Luo, Y and Chen, C and Niu, C},
title = {Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in differentiating granulomatous mastitis from invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {The British journal of radiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/bjr/tqae199},
pmid = {39378121},
issn = {1748-880X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the imaging manifestations of granulomatous mastitis (GM) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) using conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The objective is to investigate the clinical value of CEUS in differentiating between GM and IDC.

METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 39 GM patients and 64 IDC patients between January 2020 and June 2023. All diagnoses were confirmed via core needle biopsy or surgical pathology. The characteristics of both conventional US and CEUS in these patients were analyzed to distinguish GM from IDC.

RESULTS: Based on CEUS features, GM lesions most commonly presented as hypoechoic areas (43.6%), followed by pseudocysts (28.2%), hypoechoic nodules (15.4%), and honeycomb cysts (12.8%). The diffuse enhancement pattern was an independent characteristic for distinguishing GM from IDC, with the ROC analysis revealing an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.794.

CONCLUSION: US is the preferred initial examination for GM, and both its conventional and CEUS features can enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide clinical treatment. CEUS demonstrates high differential diagnostic value in distinguishing GM from IDC.

ADVANCE IN KNOWLEDGE: This study categorizes GM manifestations on CEUS into four types, each corresponding to different pathological stages of GM. We identified that the diffuse enhancement pattern on CEUS is a distinctive characteristic associated with GM, aiding in its differentiation from IDC.},
}

@article {pmid39375162,
year = {2024},
author = {Salem, R and Wu, F and Andaleeb, U and Ahmed, I},
title = {Coexisting invasive ductal carcinoma arising within a benign phyllodes tumour.},
journal = {BMJ case reports},
volume = {17},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/bcr-2024-262414},
pmid = {39375162},
issn = {1757-790X},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Phyllodes Tumor/pathology/surgery ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/surgery/diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; },
abstract = {A woman in her 40s presented to the breast clinic with a 2-year history of an enlarging right breast lump. Examination revealed a 10 cm firm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. MRI and ultrasonography results revealed an 8 cm mass in the right breast and suspicious axillary nodes. Biopsy results of this mass revealed a sclerosed fibroadenoma (B2). Excision of the right breast lump had shown a benign phyllodes tumour, containing an incidental invasive ductal carcinoma and high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ. The patient underwent a right breast cavitectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy, which revealed no further disease. She received adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy and anti-HER2 treatment, and has remained disease-free at 20-month follow-up. The coexistence of an invasive carcinoma arising within a benign phyllodes tumour is rare. This case report underscores the importance of thoroughly examining excised specimens for phyllodes tumour to exclude malignant components.},
}

Humans
Female
*Phyllodes Tumor/pathology/surgery
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Adult
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/surgery/diagnosis
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology/diagnostic imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

@article {pmid39371729,
year = {2024},
author = {Kepuladze, S and Burkadze, G and Kokhreidze, I},
title = {Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Indexes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression and Metastases.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
pages = {e68761},
pmid = {39371729},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the absence of HER2 protein overexpression or gene amplification. How TNBC becomes so aggressive at the molecular level is not yet fully understood. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been increasingly recognized as playing a pivotal role in cancer progression and metastasis. This study aimed to elucidate the connection between TNBC progression with EMT-related markers, including vimentin, beta-catenin, and E-cadherin. Methodology Rigorous immunohistochemical analysis was employed to assess the expression of vimentin, beta-catenin, and E-cadherin in primary tumors, tumor buds, and lymph node metastases (LNMs) from 137 cases with an invasive ductal carcinoma triple-negative phenotype diagnosed between 2018 and 2024. The EMT index, which was especially important in our work, is the sum of vimentin and beta-catenin expression divided by that of E-cadherin. Estimated Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine the relationships of the EMT index with tumor buds and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Results Vimentin highly correlated within separate regions of interest with Pearson correlation ranging from 0.90 to 0.92 (p < 0.001). Strong negative correlations between E-cadherin and vimentin (r = -0.81 to - 0.89, p < 0.001) showed its role in preserving the epithelial phenotype. The presence of tumor buds, aggregates, or clusters of cancer cells shed from the primary tumor mass invading the connective tissue showed very strong associations with the EMT index (r = 0.91, p < 0.001). Its presence is suggestive of aggressive disease and may identify a high-risk subpopulation that may benefit from more active surveillance or adjuvant treatment. Similarly, TILs correlated inversely with the EMT index (r = -0.90, p < 0.001). The most significant predictor of the EMT index, i.e., vimentin, had a model R-squared value of 1.000 in the regression analysis. Conclusions This study brings to light the importance of EMT-related markers in TNBC progression, with special emphasis on tumor buds as possible prognostic indicators for aggressive disease. The negative correlation of TILs with the EMT index indicates that an effective immune response could antagonize EMT-mediated tumor progression. These results suggest that EMT-based treatments in TNBC should be designed from a multimarker perspective by including interactions among several markers to optimize predictions and therapeutics. The results hold the potential to set future research directions and actionable outcomes that could influence clinical utility in the battle against TNBC.},
}

@article {pmid39368973,
year = {2024},
author = {Elias, AD and Staley, AW and Fornier, M and Vidal, GA and Alami, V and Sams, S and Spoelstra, NS and Goodspeed, A and Kabos, P and Diamond, JR and Shagisultanova, E and Gallagher, RI and Wulfkuhle, JD and Petricoin, EF and Zolman, KL and McSpadden, T and Jordan, KR and Slansky, JE and Borges, VF and Gao, D and Richer, JK},
title = {Clinical and immune responses to neoadjuvant fulvestrant with or without enzalutamide in ER+/Her2- breast cancer.},
journal = {NPJ breast cancer},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {88},
pmid = {39368973},
issn = {2374-4677},
support = {BCRP BC120183 W81XWH-13-1-0090/91//U.S. Department of Defense (United States Department of Defense)/ ; BCRP BC120183 W81XWH-13-1-0090/91//U.S. Department of Defense (United States Department of Defense)/ ; },
abstract = {Most ER+ breast cancers (BC) express androgen receptors (AR). This randomized phase II trial of 4 months of neoadjuvant fulvestrant (Fulv) alone or with enzalutamide (Combo) assessed whether adding AR blockade to Fulv would limit residual tumor at the time of surgery, as measured by modified preoperative endocrine predictive index (PEPI) score. Eligible patients were women with ER+/HER2- primary BC cT2 or greater. Stratification factors were clinical node and T-stage. Fresh tumor biopsies were required at study entry, after 4 weeks on therapy (W5), and at surgery. Laboratory analyses on tumors included immunochemistry (IHC) for ER/PR/AR/GR and Ki67 protein, evaluation of gene expression, multiplex for myeloid lineage immune cells, reverse-phase protein array, and plasma metabolomic analyses. Of 69 consented patients, 59 were evaluable. Toxicity was as expected with endocrine therapy. Combo achieved PEPI = 0 more frequently (24%: 8/33) than Fulv (8%: 2/26). Ki67 was ≤10% across arms by W5 in 76% of tumors. Activation of mTOR pathway proteins was elevated in tumors with poor Ki67 response. Tumors in both arms showed decreased estrogen-regulated and cell division gene sets, while Combo arm tumors uniquely exhibited enrichment of immune activation gene sets, including interferon gamma, complement, inflammation, antigen processing, and B and T cell activation. Multiplex IHC showed significantly reduced tumor-associated macrophages and CD14+/HLADR-/CD68- MDSCs in Combo tumors at W5. In summary, Combo tumors showed a higher PEPI = 0 response, Ki67 response, and more activated tumor immune microenvironment than Fulv. The odds of response were 4.6-fold higher for patients with ILC versus IDC. (Trial registration: This trial is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02955394?id=16-1042&rank=1). The trial registration number is NCT02955394. The full trial protocol is available under Study Details at the Clinicaltrials.gov link provided).},
}

@article {pmid39365417,
year = {2024},
author = {Taira, S and Kawagoe, M and Anzai, H and Yasukawa, M and Asakawa, S and Arai, S and Yamazaki, O and Tamura, Y and Oshima, Y and Numakura, S and Ohashi, R and Shibata, S and Fujigaki, Y},
title = {Immunoglobulin A-dominant membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like pattern of injury as a possible paraneoplastic nephropathy in a breast cancer patient.},
journal = {CEN case reports},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39365417},
issn = {2192-4449},
abstract = {A middle-aged woman was found to have proteinuria during a health check-up. About sixteen months later, she was diagnosed with stage IIA invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Her proteinuria progressed to nephrotic syndrome with significant hematuria. Hormone therapy was initiated for her estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer. A kidney biopsy performed 47 days after starting the therapy revealed an IgA-dominant membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like pattern of injury. Electron microscopy showed subendothelial-dominant electron-dense deposits (EDD), with small amounts of mesangial EDD and a single occurrence of subepithelial hump-like EDD, along with occasional mesangial interpositions. Similar pathology can be caused by IgA vasculitis with nephritis, IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis, and liver disease-associated glomerulopathy, but all of these were ruled out. The deposited IgA was found to be galactose-deficient IgA1. Thus, IgA nephropathy with glomerular capillary IgA deposition was considered. She underwent a right partial mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the right axilla 75 days after starting hormone therapy, followed by adjuvant radiation. Proteinuria and hematuria tended to decrease after the treatment, and this trend continued even after corticosteroid therapy for glomerulonephritis, which was administered 156 days after starting hormone therapy. Approximately 15 months after starting hormone therapy, her proteinuria had reduced to around 1.0 g/g of creatinine, and her hematuria was negative. IgA nephropathy with glomerular capillary IgA deposition is known to be resistant to corticosteroid therapy. The favorable clinical course of the rare glomerulopathy following breast cancer treatment suggested a diagnosis of paraneoplastic glomerulopathy secondary to breast cancer in our patient.},
}

@article {pmid39363164,
year = {2024},
author = {Sun, Y and Pan, Z and Wang, Z and Wang, H and Wei, L and Cui, F and Zou, Q and Zhang, Z},
title = {Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals immune microenvironment changes and insights into the transition from DCIS to IDC with associated prognostic genes.},
journal = {Journal of translational medicine},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {894},
pmid = {39363164},
issn = {1479-5876},
support = {62102064//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 62261018//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 62262015//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; ZDYF2024GXJS01//Science and Technology special fund of Hainan Province/ ; 324MS009//Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Single-Cell Analysis ; Female ; *Tumor Microenvironment/genetics/immunology ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; Prognosis ; *Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics/immunology/pathology ; *Breast Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/pathology ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology/immunology ; *Disease Progression ; Transcriptome/genetics ; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is an early stage of breast cancer, and preventing its progression to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is crucial for the early detection and treatment of breast cancer. Although single-cell transcriptome analysis technology has been widely used in breast cancer research, the biological mechanisms underlying the transition from DCIS to IDC remain poorly understood.

RESULTS: We identified eight cell types through cell annotation, finding significant differences in T cell proportions between DCIS and IDC. Using this as a basis, we performed pseudotime analysis on T cell subpopulations, revealing that differentially expressed genes primarily regulate immune cell migration and modulation. By intersecting WGCNA results of T cells highly correlated with the subtypes and the differentially expressed genes, we identified six key genes: FGFBP2, GNLY, KLRD1, TYROBP, PRF1, and NKG7. Excluding PRF1, the other five genes were significantly associated with overall survival in breast cancer, highlighting their potential as prognostic biomarkers.

CONCLUSIONS: We identified immune cells that may play a role in the progression from DCIS to IDC and uncovered five key genes that can serve as prognostic markers for breast cancer. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the transition from DCIS to IDC, offering valuable perspectives for future research. Additionally, our results contribute to a better understanding of the biological processes involved in breast cancer progression.},
}

Humans
*Single-Cell Analysis
Female
*Tumor Microenvironment/genetics/immunology
*Gene Expression Profiling
Prognosis
*Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics/immunology/pathology
*Breast Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/pathology
*Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology/immunology
*Disease Progression
Transcriptome/genetics
Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis

@article {pmid39353633,
year = {2024},
author = {Li, CL and Wu, CY},
title = {Invasive ductal carcinoma of the nipple in a man.},
journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
volume = {196},
number = {32},
pages = {E1121},
pmid = {39353633},
issn = {1488-2329},
mesh = {Humans ; Male ; *Nipples/pathology ; *Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology/diagnosis ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; },
}

Humans
Male
*Nipples/pathology
*Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology/diagnosis
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/diagnosis
Middle Aged

@article {pmid39355216,
year = {2024},
author = {Callaud, A and Dupont, AC and By, MA and Zemmoura, I and Santiago-Ribeiro, MJ},
title = {Case Report: Contribution of [[18]F]FET PET in differential diagnosis between radionecrosis and progression in metastasis-reproducibility and superiority of dynamic acquisitions.},
journal = {Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)},
volume = {4},
number = {},
pages = {1287240},
pmid = {39355216},
issn = {2673-8880},
abstract = {We present the case of a 67-year-old woman with metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast, in whom a follow-up magnetic resonance imaging, 3 months after encephalic radiotherapy, revealed a significant increase in the size of two brain metastases, potentially indicating progressive disease within the radiation field. Subsequent [[18]F] fluorodeoxyglucose ([[18]F]FDG) and [[18]F] fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography ([[18]F]FET PET) scans were performed to distinguish radionecrosis from tumor progression. Despite a dynamic [[18]F]FET time-activity curve (TAC) against progression, the exceeding of the 1.9 cutoff by mean tumor to brain ratio (TBR) and interdisciplinary considerations led to the resection of one lesion. Histopathology revealed necrosis due to radiotherapy, without viable tumor proliferation. To verify radionecrosis, a second [[18]F]FET PET scan was conducted, showing consistent findings. In metastasis differentiation, the mean TBR cutoff of 1.9 and TAC analysis achieved a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 91%. The discrepancy between the TAC and TBR emphasizes the need for consideration, and a time delay between radiotherapy and PET may impact TBR cutoffs. In addition, differences in radiosensitivity suggest a lower metastasis pre-test probability of progression, and it might be why a TAC analysis could be more effective in distinguishing true progression from treatment related changes in metastasis. This case demonstrates the accuracy of dynamic [[18]F]FET PET and suggests its utility for post-treatment metastasis evaluation, and further research on post-treatment delay could lead to improved performances of dynamic [[18]F]FET PET.},
}

@article {pmid39351744,
year = {2024},
author = {Azad, SA and Rahman, MS and Bhuiyan, AKM and Islam, MJ and Ahmed, SU and Hossain, AFM},
title = {Evaluation of Primary and Recurrent Breast Cancer after Giving Adjuvant Therapy in Correlation with the Receptor Status.},
journal = {Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {1204-1210},
pmid = {39351744},
issn = {2408-8757},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/therapy/metabolism/drug therapy ; *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; *Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; *Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; *Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Adult ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Aged ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, depending on the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER-2) status, usually play a vital role for the adjuvant treatment. Interestingly, there is a good possibility of change of receptor status in the recurrence of same primary tumor. The study is designed April 2018 to March 2019 to see the concordance in triple-receptor expression (ER, PR, and HER-2) between the primary and the locally recurrent breast cancer patient and the results can be able to influence the management and prognosis of the breast cancer patients. This observational study was carried out in the department of surgical oncology, NICRH where total 48 patients were studied who were subjected to core biopsy of recurrent lesion for ER, PR and HER-2 status. A structured case record form was used to interview and collect data. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26.0 to see concordance and discordance in triple-receptor expression between the primary and the locally recurrent breast cancer patient. Among 48 cases, 12(25.0%), 10(20.83%) and 2(4.16%) patients showed Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Her-2) discordance that are statistically significant in every receptor status. Majority discordance of ER, PR and Her-2 were associated with invasive duct cell carcinoma (IDC); ER & Her-2 discordance was equally associated with histological grade 2 and 3 whereas PR discordance had significant association with grade 3. Staging of disease showed that all ER, PR and Her-2 discordance were associated with stage (p<0.05). Besides, majority discordance was mostly associated with lumpectomy except Her-2 discordance. Besides, among the adjuvant treatment regimen chemotherapy along with radiotherapy was mostly associated with discordance of all receptors (p<0.05). Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER-2) status of primary breast cancer showed 25.0%, 20.83% and 4.16% discordant in recurrent episodes in this study. Invasive duct cell carcinoma, histological grade 2 and 3, stage II, stage III, MRM and CT along with RT are major attributable factors in this study.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/therapy/metabolism/drug therapy
*Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
*Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
Middle Aged
*Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
*Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
Adult
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Aged

@article {pmid39349666,
year = {2024},
author = {Bernhardt, M and Hommerding, O and Kreft, T and Weinhold, L and Schmid, M and Kristiansen, G},
title = {Prospective selective embedding of radical prostatectomy specimens is not inferior to full embedding regarding established and new prognostic parameters.},
journal = {Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39349666},
issn = {1432-2307},
abstract = {The histopathological examination of radical prostatectomy specimens is essential for assessing critical tumor characteristics, including stage, grade, and margins, all of which impact patient prognosis. However, the extent of embedding the prostate has long been a subject of debate, with some advocating partial/selective embedding and others favoring complete embedding. This study establishes a standardized and time-efficient protocol for processing radical prostatectomy specimens with limited embedding while maintaining diagnostic accuracy. Two hundred twenty-six prostatectomy specimens were analyzed, and the results of a highly standardized selective embedding protocol, systematically embedding the apex, the base, the transition to the seminal vesicles, and selected horizontal sections, were compared with full embedding as the gold standard. Non-inferiority testing was conducted by one-sided binomial tests and Pearson-Clopper confidence intervals. Selective embedding provided consistent and accurate diagnostic information with up to 90-98% concordance in pT, margins, ISUP-grade groups, and presence of IDC-P and cribriform tumor growth. In summary, this study establishes an economical standardized protocol for selective embedding of radical prostatectomy specimens with only minimal loss of information.},
}

@article {pmid39345847,
year = {2024},
author = {Jaheddine, F and Cherif, A and Rabilleh, M and Lanjeri, S and El Houss, S and El Bakkari, A and Omor, Y and Latib, R and Amalik, S},
title = {Axillary skin lesion: A rare presentation of metastatic male breast cancer.},
journal = {Radiology case reports},
volume = {19},
number = {12},
pages = {6053-6056},
pmid = {39345847},
issn = {1930-0433},
abstract = {Male breast cancer is an uncommon condition, accounting for less than 1% of all breast carcinomas and under 1.5% of all malignant tumors in men. Skin lesions can often be the initial reason for consultation. At this advanced stage, diagnosis is typically delayed, leading to a poor prognosis. Herein, we report the case of a 66-year-old man who presented with a dermo-epidermal axillary mass, indicative of cutaneous metastasis from an invasive ductal carcinoma.},
}

@article {pmid39342818,
year = {2024},
author = {Sivarajah, RT and Bean, TR and Chetlen, AL},
title = {Diffuse unilateral MRI breast entities.},
journal = {Clinical imaging},
volume = {115},
number = {},
pages = {110305},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinimag.2024.110305},
pmid = {39342818},
issn = {1873-4499},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Breast/diagnostic imaging/pathology ; },
abstract = {Many benign and malignant breast entities can present with diffuse unilateral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The unilateral breast findings can be broken down into three broad categories including asymmetric diffuse masses/non-mass enhancement (NME), diffuse unilateral skin thickening, and diffuse asymmetric background enhancement. Although correlation with clinical history is always necessary, biopsy is often needed to make a definitive diagnosis. There are some findings on MRI which can help narrow the differential including morphology, distribution, T2W signal, enhancement kinetics, and associated skin thickening. Malignant entities which will be discussed in this review include ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, Paget disease, inflammatory breast cancer, and locally advanced breast cancer. Benign entities which will be discussed in this review include idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), infectious mastitis, pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia, giant fibroadenoma, early and late radiation changes, unilateral breast feeding, and central venous obstruction, all which have varied MRI appearances. It is important for radiologists to be familiar with the common entities that can present with diffuse asymmetric unilateral MRI breast findings to ensure the correct diagnosis and management is undertaken.},
}

Humans
Female
*Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
Diagnosis, Differential
Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging
Breast/diagnostic imaging/pathology

@article {pmid39342513,
year = {2024},
author = {Cho, SM and Khanduja, S and Wilcox, C and Dinh, K and Kim, J and Kang, JK and Chinedozi, ID and Darby, Z and Acton, M and Rando, H and Briscoe, J and Bush, EL and Sair, HI and Pitts, J and Arlinghaus, LR and Wandji, AN and Moreno, E and Torres, G and Akkanti, B and Gavito-Higuera, J and Keller, S and Choi, HA and Kim, BS and Gusdon, A and Whitman, GJ and , },
title = {Clinical Use of Bedside Portable Ultra-Low-Field Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Results From the Multicenter SAFE MRI ECMO Study.},
journal = {Circulation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069187},
pmid = {39342513},
issn = {1524-4539},
support = {K23 NS121628/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States ; L30 NS134072/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Early detection of acute brain injury (ABI) at the bedside is critical in improving survival for patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. We aimed to examine the safety of ultra-low-field (ULF; 0.064-T) portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) in patients undergoing ECMO and to investigate the ABI frequency and types with ULF-pMRI.

METHODS: This was a multicenter prospective observational study (SAFE MRI ECMO study [Assessing the Safety and Feasibility of Bedside Portable Low-Field Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients on ECMO]; NCT05469139) from 2 tertiary centers (Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD and University of Texas-Houston) with specially trained intensive care units. Primary outcomes were safety of ULF-pMRI during ECMO support, defined as completion of ULF-pMRI without significant adverse events.

RESULTS: Of 53 eligible patients, 3 were not scanned because of a large head size that did not fit within the head coil. ULF-pMRI was performed in 50 patients (median age, 58 years; 52% male), with 34 patients (68%) on venoarterial ECMO and 16 patients (32%) on venovenous ECMO. Of 34 patients on venoarterial ECMO, 11 (22%) were centrally cannulated and 23 (46%) were peripherally cannulated. In venovenous ECMO, 9 (18%) had single-lumen cannulation and 7 (14%) had double-lumen cannulation. Of 50 patients, adverse events occurred in 3 patients (6%), with 2 minor adverse events (ECMO suction event; transient low ECMO flow) and one serious adverse event (intra-aortic balloon pump malfunction attributable to electrocardiographic artifacts). All images demonstrated discernible intracranial pathologies with good quality. ABI was observed in 22 patients (44%). Ischemic stroke (36%) was the most common type of ABI, followed by intracranial hemorrhage (6%) and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (4%). Of 18 patients (36%) with both ULF-pMRI and head computed tomography within 24 hours, ABI was observed in 9 patients with a total of 10 events (8 ischemic, 2 hemorrhagic events). Of the 8 ischemic events, pMRI observed all 8, and head computed tomography observed only 4 events. For intracranial hemorrhage, pMRI observed only 1 of them, and head computed tomography observed both (2 events).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that ULF-pMRI can be performed in patients on ECMO across different ECMO cannulation strategies in specially trained intensive care units. The incidence of ABI was high, seen in 44% of ULF-pMRI studies. ULF-pMRI imaging appears to be more sensitive to ABI, particularly ischemic stroke, compared with head computed tomography.},
}

@article {pmid39341718,
year = {2024},
author = {Drake, MJ and Clavica, F and Murphy, C and Fader, MJ},
title = {Innovating Indwelling Catheter Design to Counteract Urinary Tract Infection.},
journal = {European urology focus},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.euf.2024.09.015},
pmid = {39341718},
issn = {2405-4569},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bacteriuria is anticipated in long-term indwelling catheter (IDC) use, and urinary tract infections (UTIs) and related issues are common. Defence mechanisms against infection are undermined by the presence of a Foley catheter, and adjustments to design could influence UTI risk.

METHODS: We reviewed the various aspects of IDCs and ureteric stent designs to discuss potential impact on UTI risk.

KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Design adaptations have focussed on reducing the sump of undrained urine, potential urinary tract trauma, and bacterial adherence. Experimental and computational studies on ureteral stents found an interplay between urine flow, bacterial microcolony formation, and accumulation of encrusting particles. The most critical regions for biofilm and crystal accumulation are associated with low shear stress. The full drainage system is the functioning unit, not just the IDC in isolation. This means reliably keeping the drainage system closed and considering whether a valve is preferred to a collection bag. Other developments may include one-way valves, obstacles to "bacterial swimming", and ultrasound techniques. Preventing or clearing IDC blockage can exploit access via the lumen or retaining balloon. Progress in computational fluid dynamics, energy delivery, and soft robotics may increase future options. Clinical data on the effectiveness of IDC design features are lacking, which is partly due to reliance on proxy measures and the challenges of undertaking trials.

Design changes are legitimate lines of development, but are only indirect for UTI prevention. Modifications may be advantageous, but might potentially bring problems in other ways. Education of health care professionals can improve UTIs and should be prioritised.

PATIENT SUMMARY: Catheters used to help bladder drainage can cause urinary infections, and improvements in design might reduce the risk. Several approaches are described in this review. However, proving that these approaches work is a challenge. Training professionals in the key aspects of catheter care is important.},
}

@article {pmid39341603,
year = {2024},
author = {Pereira, LHS and Alves, ADC and Lopes, GFM and da Silva, BF and Vieira, MS and Lopes, DO and Ferreira, JMS and Lara Dos Santos, L},
title = {Soluble isoforms of the DC-SIGN receptor can increase the dengue virus infection in immature dendritic cells.},
journal = {The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases},
volume = {28},
number = {6},
pages = {103873},
doi = {10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103873},
pmid = {39341603},
issn = {1678-4391},
abstract = {Dengue is a disease with a high-impact on public health worldwide. Many researches have focused on the cell receptors involved in its pathogenesis. The role of soluble isoforms of DC-SIGN (Dendritic Cell-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Non-integrin) receptor in the process of Dengue Virus (DENV) infection is not well understood. This work proposes to evaluate changes in the infection process of Immature Dendritic Cells (iDCs) by DENV in the presence of DC-SIGN recombinant soluble isoforms 8, 10, and 12. The recombinant isoforms were built by heterologous expression, the DENV-2 was multiplied in the Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells and quantified in BHK-21 cells, and the iDCs were produced from the THP-1 strain. Infection assays were performed in the presence of iDCs, DENV-2, and isoforms 8, 10, and 12 separately at 25, 50 and 100 ng/mL. The final viral load was estimated by qPCR and statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests. The iDC profile was confirmed by increasing expression of CD11c, CD86, and CD209 surface markers and maintaining CD14 expression. Infection assays demonstrated a 23-fold increase in DENV viral load in the presence of isoforms 8 and 10 at 100 ng/mL compared to the viral control (p < 0.05), while isoform 12 did not alter the viral load. It was possible to conclude that at 100 ng/mL isoforms (8 and 10) can interact with DENV, increasing viral infection, and potentially acting as opsonins.},
}

@article {pmid39331289,
year = {2024},
author = {Vasigh, M and Mohamed, A and Jacobs, L and Lange, J and Camp, M and Sun, B and Wright, P and O'Donnell, M and Tran, HT and Sogunro, O and Habibi, M and Johnston, F and Euhus, D},
title = {The Association Between Breast Cancer Predisposing Genetic Variants and Multifocal, Multicentric Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Annals of surgical oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39331289},
issn = {1534-4681},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast-conserving surgery is often discouraged in BRCA gene carriers with early onset breast cancer. The genetic variant carrier breast cancers are more likely to be multifocal or multicentric (MFMC).

PATIENTS AND METHOD: This retrospective study includes newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer undergoing genetic testing between 2010 and 2021 within the Johns Hopkins Regional Health System. After excluding patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or stage IV breast cancers, patients were divided into two groups: those who tested positive for a variant recognized by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network as predisposing the patient to breast cancer (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, NF1, PALB2, RAD51C, RAD51D, and TP53) and those who tested negative. Pathologic features of the tumors were compared, focusing on evidence for MFMC disease, defined as more than one malignant foci more than 5 mm apart.

RESULTS: Among the 282 eligible cases, 69 (24%) were positive for a genetic variant. The variant carriers were younger at diagnosis (p < 0.001), more likely to have invasive ductal carcinoma (p = 0.03), more likely to have undergone mastectomy (p = 0.03), and more likely to have a grade 3 cancer (p = 0.003). Variant carriers were not more likely to have MFMC disease (28% vs. 22%, p = 0.4). A positive genetic variant was not a predictor of MFMC within the entire cohort [odds ratio (OR):1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6-2.6, p = 0.5).

CONCLUSION: Genetic variant carrier cancers are not more likely to be MCMF than sporadic cancers.},
}

@article {pmid39328281,
year = {2024},
author = {Shrestha, P and Hsieh, MC and Ferguson, T and Peters, ES and Trapido, E and Yu, Q and Chu, QD and Wu, XC},
title = {Higher 10-Year Survival with Breast-Conserving Therapy over Mastectomy for Women with Early-Stage (I-II) Breast Cancer: Analysis of the CDC Patterns of Care Data Base.},
journal = {Breast cancer : basic and clinical research},
volume = {18},
number = {},
pages = {11782234241273666},
pmid = {39328281},
issn = {1178-2234},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Studies in the United States are scarce that assess the survival differences between breast-conserving surgery plus radiation (Breast-Conserving Therapy; BCT) and mastectomy groups using population-based data while accounting for sociodemographic and clinical factors that affect the survival of women with early-stage breast cancer (ESBC).

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether BCT provides superior long-term overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) compared with mastectomy in women with ESBC, while considering key factors that impact survival.

DESIGN: Cohort study.

METHODS: We analyzed data on women aged 20 years and older diagnosed with stage I-II breast cancer (BC) in 2004 who received either BCT or mastectomy. The data were collected by 5 state cancer registries through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Patterns of Care study. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, accounting for sociodemographic and clinical factors, were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sensitivity analysis involved optimal caliper propensity score (PS) matching to address residual confounding.

RESULTS: Of the 3495 women, 41.5% underwent mastectomy. The 10-year OS and BCSS were 82.7% and 91.1% for BCT and 72.3% and 85.7% for mastectomy, respectively. Adjusted models showed that mastectomy recipients had a 22% higher risk of all-cause deaths (ACD) (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = [1.06, 1.41]) and a 26% higher risk of breast cancer-specific deaths (BCD) (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.55]) than BCT recipients. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that mastectomy was associated with a higher risk of ACD (P < .05) but did not exhibit a statistically significant risk for BCD. Women with HR+/HER2+ (luminal B) or invasive ductal carcinoma BC who underwent mastectomy had higher risks of ACD and BCD compared with BCT recipients, while the hazards for ACD in triple-negative BC did not remain significant after adjusting for covariates.

CONCLUSION: ESBC BCT recipients demonstrate superior OS and BCSS compared with mastectomy recipients.},
}

@article {pmid39320077,
year = {2024},
author = {Hadad, Z and Wahid, W and Afzelius, P},
title = {[Not Available].},
journal = {Ugeskrift for laeger},
volume = {186},
number = {36},
pages = {},
doi = {10.61409/V01240024},
pmid = {39320077},
issn = {1603-6824},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; *Liver Neoplasms/secondary/diagnostic imaging ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary/pathology/diagnostic imaging ; *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; *Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer usually metastasizes by haematogenous spread. This is a case report of a woman with unusual liver metastases from a recurrent invasive ductal carcinoma via a lymphatic route draining the outer part of the breast to the liver running parallelly with the right rectus abdominis muscle, depicted by preoperative sentinel node lymphoscintigraphy. Realizing this route of metastasis can impact survival, as it has a favourable prognosis compared with haematogenous metastasis, we want to draw attention to this.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
*Liver Neoplasms/secondary/diagnostic imaging
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary/pathology/diagnostic imaging
*Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
*Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnostic imaging
Middle Aged

@article {pmid39319200,
year = {2024},
author = {Heyvaert, M and Denys, H and Van Dorpe, J and Roels, D},
title = {Management of severe capecitabine-induced corneal toxicity.},
journal = {American journal of ophthalmology case reports},
volume = {36},
number = {},
pages = {102174},
pmid = {39319200},
issn = {2451-9936},
abstract = {PURPOSE: To describe the clinical presentation and management of severe capecitabine-induced corneal toxicity.

OBSERVATIONS: A 71-year-old woman presented with severe bilateral vision loss. Four months earlier, capecitabine was initiated for a metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma. Biomicroscopy revealed bilateral whorl-like corneal epitheliopathy accompanied by metaplasia, keratinization and subepithelial fibrosis. After consulting the treating oncologist, capecitabine treatment was discontinued. Initially, a non-surgical approach was adopted and intensive topical dexamethasone treatment was applied. Despite capecitabine discontinuation and topical steroid treatment, visual acuity progressively declined. Bilateral corneal scraping and bandage contact lens fitting was performed. This resulted in significant improvement of visual acuity, corneal surface regularity and quality of life.

CONCLUSION AND IMPORTANCE: We report the first case of severe visual impairment due to capecitabine-induced corneal toxicity. Early corneal scraping, especially when confronted with profound vision loss, may yield better outcomes compared to relying on spontaneous recovery after capecitabine discontinuation. Patients experiencing ocular discomfort and vision loss, while receiving capecitabine therapy, should be referred for semi-urgent ophthalmological examination.},
}

@article {pmid39317017,
year = {2024},
author = {Louis, M and Fang, J and Grabill, N and Singh, H and Strom, P},
title = {Her2-positive breast cancer in a young patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome: A comprehensive case study.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {124},
number = {},
pages = {110323},
pmid = {39317017},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the TP53 gene, leading to a significantly increased risk of developing various cancers at a young age, including breast cancer.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION: This case report details the clinical journey of a 21-year-old female diagnosed with Grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma, which was estrogen receptor low positive and progesterone receptor negative but positive for Her2 (3+) with a high Ki67 proliferation index.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Genetic testing confirmed a TP53 mutation, establishing the diagnosis of LFS. The patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with TCHP (docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, pertuzumab), resulting in a complete clinical response. This was followed by bilateral skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy and immediate reconstruction. Postoperative pathology confirmed a complete response to neoadjuvant therapy. The patient's treatment plan includes 12 cycles of trastuzumab and pertuzumab, with regular echocardiograms to monitor cardiac function and fertility preservation strategies involving monthly Lupron injections. Given the association of LFS with a high risk of multiple primary cancers, a rigorous surveillance strategy is essential. The psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis and the burden of living with a hereditary cancer syndrome were significant, necessitating comprehensive psychosocial support.

CONCLUSION: Managing Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) and its associated cancers, particularly in young patients, necessitates a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Early genetic testing for TP53 mutations is crucial in identifying LFS, enabling personalized treatment plans and proactive surveillance strategies.},
}

@article {pmid39316204,
year = {2024},
author = {Samaha, M and Fellner, A and Raque, K and Kuritzky, A and Wexelman, B},
title = {Magnetic lymphatic tracing for omission of sentinel lymph node biopsies in mastectomy patients: a community cancer center experience.},
journal = {Breast cancer research and treatment},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39316204},
issn = {1573-7217},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and patients undergoing risk reduction mastectomy may undergo sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) at the time of mastectomy to complete axillary staging were an underlying invasive malignancy to be found on final pathology. Among patients with DCIS undergoing mastectomy, 15-29% of patients will have invasive disease on final pathology; therefore, approximately 70-85% of patients may benefit from avoiding SLNB. Superparamagnetic tracers (SPMT) have been proven to be non-inferior to the standard radioisotope and blue dye combination. SPMT remains active for several weeks, allowing a large proportion of DCIS and genetic carrier patients to potentially avoid SLNB in the setting of mastectomy. We hypothesize the use of SPMT will reduce the number of SLNB performed in patients undergoing mastectomy for DCIS and risk reduction, ultimately reducing the number of complications associated with axillary surgery. We seek to report our community cancer center's experience with SPMT and omission of SLNB in the DCIS and prophylactic mastectomy patient population.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 52 female patients with DCIS or known genetic predisposition undergoing mastectomy. SPMT (Magtrace®, Endomag Ltd, Cambridge, UK) was injected ipsilateral to DCIS and bilaterally for prophylactic mastectomy patients. Our primary outcome was rate of return to the operating room (OR) for delayed SLNB. Secondary outcomes included post-operative complications within 30 days of surgery and operative time. We compared outcomes to a control group of 28 women undergoing mastectomy for DCIS or for risk reduction who underwent SLNB at their index operation in traditional fashion. Continuous variables were reported using median and interquartile ranges (IQR) and were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical data were reported using frequency and percent and were compared using Pearson's Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact test, as appropriate. Alpha was set to 0.05 to determine statistical significance.

RESULTS: There was a total of 80 patients (52 SPMT, 28 control). Median age of SPMT patients was 49.5 (IQR 40-60.75) vs. 54.5 (48 - 65) in the traditional tracer group. vs. control group. 57.7% of SPMT patients underwent mastectomy for DCIS vs. 89.3% in the control group. Eight SPMT patients (15.4%) had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) on final pathology and seven of those patients underwent delayed SLNB (87.5%). None of the delayed SLNB were positive for metastatic disease. Rates of post-operative complications were similar between the two groups, including hematoma, seroma, and surgical site infection. OR times were also similar with median OR time 202 min (min) for the SPMT group vs. 195 min for the control group.

CONCLUSION: Use of SPMT avoided SLNB in 84.6% of our patients. We found no difference in rates of post-operative complications or operative times in patients using SPMT for omission of SLNB at time of mastectomy compared to the control group. Our findings suggest SLNB can be avoided in a majority of patients undergoing mastectomy for DCIS or risk reduction in the setting of genetic predisposition.},
}

@article {pmid39315404,
year = {2024},
author = {Liu, Y and Lin, D and Najam, SS and Huang, S and Song, M and Sirakawin, C and Zhao, C and Jiang, H and Konopka, W and Herzig, S and Vinnikov, IA},
title = {Functional redundancy between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in mature corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons protects from obesity.},
journal = {Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)},
volume = {32},
number = {10},
pages = {1885-1896},
doi = {10.1002/oby.24116},
pmid = {39315404},
issn = {1930-739X},
support = {31771433//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32241020//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32350610254//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Male ; Mice ; *Corticosterone/blood/metabolism ; *Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Mice, Knockout ; *Neurons/metabolism ; *Obesity/metabolism ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; *Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism/genetics ; *Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism/genetics ; Female ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Here, we aimed to investigate the role of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GRs and MRs, respectively) in the regulation of energy homeostasis.

METHODS: We used three mouse models with simultaneous deletion of GRs and MRs in either forebrain neurons, the paraventricular nucleus, or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons and compared them with wild-type controls or isolated knockout groups. In addition to body weight, food intake, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, fat/lean mass distribution, and plasma corticosterone levels, we also performed transcriptomic analysis of CRH neurons and assessed their response to melanocortinergic stimulation.

RESULTS: Similar to global double-knockout models, deletion of GRs and MRs specifically in mature CRH neurons resulted in obesity. Importantly, the latter was accompanied by insulin resistance, but not increased plasma corticosterone levels. Transcriptomic analysis of these neurons revealed upregulation of several genes involved in postsynaptic signal transduction, including the Ptk2b gene, which encodes proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2. Knockout of both nuclear receptors leads to upregulation of Ptk2b in CRH neurons, which results in their diminished responsiveness to melanocortinergic stimulation.

CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the functional redundancy of GRs and MRs in CRH neurons to maintain energy homeostasis and prevent obesity. Simultaneous targeting of both receptors might represent an unprecedented approach to counteract obesity.},
}

Animals
Male
Mice
*Corticosterone/blood/metabolism
*Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism
*Energy Metabolism
Insulin Resistance
Mice, Inbred C57BL
*Mice, Knockout
*Neurons/metabolism
*Obesity/metabolism
Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism
*Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism/genetics
*Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism/genetics
Female

@article {pmid39314558,
year = {2024},
author = {Altamirano, GA and Romero, CK and Moreno Cabrera, CS and Aragón Conrado, LE},
title = {Mucinous Carcinoma in a Male: First Documented Case in Nicaragua.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {8},
pages = {e67674},
pmid = {39314558},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Breast malignancy in men is an exceedingly rare condition, representing a small fraction of all diagnosed breast cancer cases. The most common histological subtype is invasive ductal carcinoma, while the mucinous type is extremely rare. This pathology has a high mortality rate due to its poor prognosis and diagnosis in advanced stages, often initially overlooked with limited screening. Surprisingly, more men have died from breast cancer than from testicular cancer. This report details a case of invasive mucinous carcinoma in a 75-year-old male who presented with a five-week history of chronic non-productive cough and signs of pleural effusion. A breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a retroareolar breast tumor, and a second-look ultrasound confirmed the presence of a BI-RADS 4C solid nodule. Histopathological and immunohistochemical results were confirmed by ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy, identifying invasive mucinous carcinoma and luminal B (HER2+) subtype. Staging studies were negative for metastasis, and a modified radical mastectomy was performed, yielding favorable intraoperative findings. The incidental diagnosis in this patient highlights the necessity of comprehensive imaging in atypical presentations. Despite its rarity, awareness and early detection of mucinous carcinoma are essential for optimizing patient outcomes. This case also underscores the disparity in breast cancer outcomes between low gross domestic product (GDP) and high-GDP countries, emphasizing the need for improved access to diagnostic and therapeutic resources. Enhanced clinical awareness and early detection are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with rare histological subtypes, particularly in underserved regions.},
}

@article {pmid39301202,
year = {2024},
author = {Han, B and Han, X and Luo, H and Nasir, J and Chen, C and Shao, Z and Ling, H and Hu, X},
title = {Multiomics and single-cell sequencings reveal the specific biological characteristics of low Ki-67 triple-negative breast cancer.},
journal = {Cancer innovation},
volume = {3},
number = {5},
pages = {e146},
pmid = {39301202},
issn = {2770-9183},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) displays high heterogeneity. The majority of TNBC cases are characterized by high Ki-67 expression. TNBC with low Ki-67 expression accounts for only a small fraction of cases and has been relatively less studied.

METHODS: This study analyzed a large single-center multiomics TNBC data set, combined with a single-cell data set. The clinical, genomic, and metabolic characteristics of patients with low Ki-67 TNBC were analyzed.

RESULTS: The clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed in 2217 TNBC patients. Low Ki-67 TNBC was associated with a higher patient age at diagnosis, a lower proportion of invasive ductal carcinoma, increased alterations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, upregulated lipid metabolism pathways, and enhanced infiltration of M2 macrophages. High Ki-67 TNBC exhibited a higher prevalence of TP53 gene mutations, elevated nucleotide metabolism, and increased infiltration of M1 macrophages.

CONCLUSIONS: We identified specific genomic and metabolic characteristics unique to low Ki-67 TNBC, which have implications for the development of precision therapies and patient stratification strategies.},
}

@article {pmid39302353,
year = {2024},
author = {Ben Kridis, W and Lajnef, M and Khanfir, A},
title = {Synchronous primary breast angiosarcoma with invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {Breast disease},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {271-274},
doi = {10.3233/BD-240003},
pmid = {39302353},
issn = {1558-1551},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Hemangiosarcoma/secondary/pathology ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Middle Aged ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/secondary ; *Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology/secondary ; },
abstract = {Primary angiosarcoma (PAS) of the breast is an extremely uncommon variant of breast malignancies. Highly aggressiveness and dismal prognosis characterize this endothelial neoplasm. We report here an unusual case of PAS of the breast occurring in a 46-year-old woman associated with concurrent bilateral invasive ductal carcinoma and ovarian metastases.},
}

Humans
Female
*Hemangiosarcoma/secondary/pathology
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Middle Aged
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/secondary
*Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology
Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology/secondary

@article {pmid39296436,
year = {2024},
author = {Mihai, AM and Ianculescu, LM and Suciu, N},
title = {MiRNAs as potential biomarkers in early breast cancer detection: a systematic review.},
journal = {Journal of medicine and life},
volume = {17},
number = {6},
pages = {549-554},
pmid = {39296436},
issn = {1844-3117},
mesh = {Female ; Humans ; *Biomarkers, Tumor/blood/genetics ; *Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/genetics ; *Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; *Circulating MicroRNA/blood/genetics ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with high incidence and mortality rates. While mammography has contributed to declining mortality, its limitations in sensitivity and specificity for early detection, particularly in distinguishing between pure atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), highlight the need for more precise tools. Even with core needle biopsy (CNB), conclusive diagnoses often require surgical excision. This underscores the urgency for non-invasive biomarkers to improve early detection and differentiation, potentially reducing invasive procedures. Recent research has shifted focus from mRNA to microRNAs (miRNAs) as promising biomarkers for breast cancer screening. These small non-coding RNAs, which exhibit abnormal expression patterns in breast cancer patients' tissue and serum/plasma, play crucial roles in early breast cancer development by modulating proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes at the post-transcriptional level. Notably, miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-155, and miR-200c are key regulators of cell proliferation and apoptosis, with the potential to distinguish between normal tissue and various stages of breast lesions, including ADH, DCIS, and IDC. Additionally, miRNAs in serum and plasma offer a non-invasive method to differentiate breast cancer stages. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on early breast lesions and explore the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for early breast cancer detection, which could enhance risk prediction and reduce reliance on invasive diagnostic procedures.},
}

Female
Humans
*Biomarkers, Tumor/blood/genetics
*Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/genetics
*Early Detection of Cancer/methods
*Circulating MicroRNA/blood/genetics

@article {pmid39286469,
year = {2024},
author = {Bailey, RE and Mazo Canola, M},
title = {Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Patient With Advanced Breast Cancer Treated With Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors and Endocrine Therapy.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
pages = {e69548},
pmid = {39286469},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {This case shares the case of a post-menopausal woman who develops Philadelphia chromosome-positive B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) while receiving treatment for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The patient received a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor + aromatase inhibitor (AI) for the IDC; hyperfractionate cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), methotrexate, and cytarabine (hyperCVAD), and the steroid hormone dexamethasone were added to treat the B-ALL. HyperCVAD combined with CDK 4/6 inhibitor + AI was very well tolerated. The CDK 4/6 inhibitor and AI were only held once in the treatment course due to adverse effect (AE) intolerance. The patient remains on a CDK 4/6 inhibitor and ponatinib with only low-grade fatigue as an AE. This case underscores the importance of a concurrent approach to managing hematologic and breast malignancies. The combined treatment regimens were effective and well-tolerated. Vigilant follow-up is essential for patients in remission from both malignancies, ensuring effective disease surveillance and treatment management. Integrated care remains pivotal for optimal outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid39286022,
year = {2024},
author = {Ge, Y and Wei, X and Liu, JN and Sun, PL and Gao, H},
title = {New insights into acinic cell carcinoma of the breast: clinicopathology, origin of histology, molecular features, prognosis, and treatment.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1438179},
pmid = {39286022},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the breast is a rare malignant epithelial neoplasm, with approximately 60 cases reported in the literature. It predominantly affects women and exhibits significant histological heterogeneity. The diagnosis of breast AciCC is primarily based on the presence of eosinophilic and/or basophilic granular cytoplasm and markers of serous acinar differentiation. Despite being considered a low-grade variant of conventional triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), over 25% of patients with breast AciCC have adverse clinical outcomes. Additionally, in early research, microglandular adenosis (MGA) and atypical MGA were considered potential precursors for various breast cancers, including intraductal carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, and AciCC. Similarly, some studies have proposed that breast AciCC should be considered a type of carcinoma developing in MGA with acinic cell differentiation rather than a distinct entity. Therefore, the pathogenesis of breast AciCC has not yet been clarified. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the literature has not summarized the latest prognosis and treatment of breast AciCC. In this review, we synthesized the current literature and the latest developments, aiming at exploring the clinicopathology, histological origin, molecular features, prognosis, and treatment of breast AciCC from a novel perspective.},
}

@article {pmid39286019,
year = {2024},
author = {Guo, F and Fu, H and Wang, Y and Hua, Y and Wang, X and Zhang, Y and Jian, J and Jia, Z and Zhang, G},
title = {Clinical features and prognosis of parotid metastasis of breast cancer: retrospective analysis of 57 cases.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1442713},
pmid = {39286019},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Parotid gland metastases originating from breast origin are extremely rare, with their clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches, and prognostic indicators remaining to be elucidate.

METHODS: A comprehensive retrospective review was conducted, analyzing the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of 57 patients diagnosed with parotid metastasis of breast cancer in the existing literature. Notably, our study included two unique cases of patients who developed contralateral and ipsilateral parotid metastases, occurring 5 years and 32 years respectively after primary surgery. This analysis aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the disease presentation and identify potential prognostic indicators.

RESULTS: The primary clinical manifestation presented in breast cancer patients with parotid metastases was painless masses in the parotid glands, synchronously or metachronously occurred with primary breast tumors. The predominant pathological subtype among these patients was invasive ductal carcinoma. Out of the 57 patients studied, 24 (42.1%) exhibited metastases solely in the ipsilateral parotid gland, while 18 cases (31.6%) involved either the contralateral or bilateral parotid gland. Patients may solely exhibit metastasis in the parotid gland, or they may present with concurrent multiple metastases in other organs. Patients who suffered from parotid metastases, either merely or accompanied with bone-only metastasis, exhibited significantly longer overall survival (OS) rates compared to those who had concomitant metastases in other organs (1.23 ± 0.26 years vs 4.46 ± 0.77 years, P=0.046). While no statistically significant differences in OS were observed among patients presenting with metastases in the ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral parotid glands, a notable variance could be discerned from the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Additionally, no significant difference in survival was exhibited between patients with different interval of progression from primary breast sites to initial diagnosis of parotid metastases (uDF), nor for patients who were treated with surgery or palliative therapy.

CONCLUSION: Parotid metastasis, a rare and distinctive form of breast cancer metastasis, demands particular scrutiny in patients exhibiting metastasis to multiple organs or contralateral or bilateral parotid glands.},
}

@article {pmid39285422,
year = {2024},
author = {Xiao, C and Guo, Y and Xu, Y and Huang, J and Li, J},
title = {Clinicopathological characteristics and survival analysis of different molecular subtypes of breast invasive ductal carcinoma achieving pathological complete response through neoadjuvant chemotherapy.},
journal = {World journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {250},
pmid = {39285422},
issn = {1477-7819},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/mortality/drug therapy/metabolism ; *Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods/mortality ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/drug therapy/mortality/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate ; Prognosis ; *Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; SEER Program ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism/analysis ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: To investigate the prognostic differences following the achievement of a pathological complete response (pCR) through neoadjuvant chemotherapy across different molecular subtypes of breast invasive ductal carcinoma.

METHODS: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) were identified for patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy who achieved pathological complete response for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast between 2010 and 2019.Comparing the clinicopathological characteristics of patients across different molecular subtypes. Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were utilized to identify independent predictors of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). The Kaplan-Meier method is used to compare OS and CSS among different molecular subtypes. After propensity score matching, subgroup analysis results were presented through forest plots.

RESULTS: This study included 9,380 patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, who were categorized into four molecular subtypes: 2,721 (29.01%) HR + /HER-2 + , 1,661 (17.71%) HR + /HER2-, 2,082 (22.20%) HR-/HER2 + , and 2,916 (31.08%) HR-/HER-2-. HR + /HER-2- subgroup exhibited a significantly higher proportion of patients under 50 years old than the other subtype groups (54.67% vs 40.2%, 50.35% and 51.82%, p < 0.01), and had a higher N2 + N3 stage (11.2% vs 7.24%, 8.69% and 7.48%, p < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that molecular subtype was the independent risk factor for OS and CSS in patients(p < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the HR + /HER-2 + subtype had the highest OS and CSS(p < 0.05). Next, were the HR-/HER-2 + and HR-/HER-2- subtypes, with the HR + /HER-2- group having the lowest OS and CSS(p < 0.05). After propensity score matching, the OS and CSS of patients in the HR + /HER-2 + group remained higher compared to HR + /HER-2- group(p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of different molecular subtypes exhibit varying prognoses after achieving pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Those in the HR + /HER-2- group are younger, have a higher lymph node stage, and the lowest OS and CSS, whereas patients in the HR + /HER-2 + group have the highest OS and CSS.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/mortality/drug therapy/metabolism
*Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods/mortality
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/drug therapy/mortality/metabolism
Middle Aged
Survival Rate
Prognosis
*Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
Follow-Up Studies
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
Adult
Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
SEER Program
Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism/analysis
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
Retrospective Studies

@article {pmid39285012,
year = {2024},
author = {Birnbaum, GE and Kanat-Maymon, Y and Zholtack, K and Avidan, R and Reis, HT},
title = {The Power to Flirt: Power within Romantic Relationships and Its Contribution to Expressions of Extradyadic Desire.},
journal = {Archives of sexual behavior},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39285012},
issn = {1573-2800},
support = {1158/22//Israel Science Foundation/ ; 2016405//United States - Israel Binational Science Foundation/ ; },
abstract = {Power in non-romantic contexts makes people confident in their ability to attract potential partners, increasing their mating motivation and the likelihood of acting on this motivation. Four studies investigated whether perceptions of power within romantic relationships would also activate mating goals, intensifying desires for alternative partners. In Studies 1 and 2, participants underwent power manipulation and then described a sexual fantasy or evaluated photos of attractive strangers. Studies 3 and 4 used face-to-face interaction and daily experiences methods to examine the mechanisms underlying the link between power and extradyadic desires. Overall, high perceived relationship power was associated with increased interest in alternatives. Perceived relative mate value explained this association, suggesting that what determines whether power elicits extradyadic interest is not power perceptions alone but rather the feeling of having a higher mate value than one's partner that accompanies elevated power and affects whether high-power individuals will prioritize their own needs in ways that may hurt their partners.},
}

@article {pmid39284909,
year = {2024},
author = {Brunetta, HS and Jung, AS and Valdivieso-Rivera, F and de Campos Zani, SC and Guerra, J and Furino, VO and Francisco, A and Berçot, M and Moraes-Vieira, PM and Keipert, S and Jastroch, M and Martinez, LO and Sponton, CH and Castilho, RF and Mori, MA and Bartelt, A},
title = {IF1 is a cold-regulated switch of ATP synthase hydrolytic activity to support thermogenesis in brown fat.},
journal = {The EMBO journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39284909},
issn = {1460-2075},
support = {2022/00358-1//Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)/ ; 852742//EC | European Research Council (ERC)/ ; BA4925/2-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ ; 81X3600212//Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK)/ ; 310287/2018-9//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)/ ; 88881.143924/2017-01//Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)/ ; },
abstract = {While mechanisms controlling uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) in thermogenic adipocytes play a pivotal role in non-shivering thermogenesis, it remains unclear whether F1Fo-ATP synthase function is also regulated in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Here, we show that inhibitory factor 1 (IF1, encoded by Atp5if1), an inhibitor of ATP synthase hydrolytic activity, is a critical negative regulator of brown adipocyte energy metabolism. In vivo, IF1 levels are diminished in BAT of cold-adapted mice compared to controls. Additionally, the capacity of ATP synthase to generate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) through ATP hydrolysis (the so-called "reverse mode" of ATP synthase) is increased in brown fat. In cultured brown adipocytes, IF1 overexpression results in an inability of mitochondria to sustain the MMP upon adrenergic stimulation, leading to a quiescent-like phenotype in brown adipocytes. In mice, adeno-associated virus-mediated IF1 overexpression in BAT suppresses adrenergic-stimulated thermogenesis and decreases mitochondrial respiration in BAT. Taken together, our work identifies downregulation of IF1 upon cold as a critical event for the facilitation of the reverse mode of ATP synthase as well as to enable energetic adaptation of BAT to effectively support non-shivering thermogenesis.},
}

@article {pmid39283572,
year = {2024},
author = {Fine, RE and Gilmore, RC and Tomkovich, KR and Dietz, JR and Berry, MP and Hernandez, LE and Columbus, KS and Seedman, SA and Fisher, CS and Han, LK and Manahan, ER and Hicks, RD and Vaidya, RP and Curcio, LD and Sevrukov, AB and Kenler, AS and Taback, B and Chen, M and Miller, ME and Gold, L and Anglin, BV and Aoun, HD and Simmons, RM and Feldman, SM and Boolbol, SK},
title = {Cryoablation Without Excision for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: ICE3 Trial 5-Year Follow-Up on Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence.},
journal = {Annals of surgical oncology},
volume = {31},
number = {11},
pages = {7273-7283},
pmid = {39283572},
issn = {1534-4681},
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery ; Female ; Aged ; *Cryosurgery/methods ; Middle Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology/surgery ; Prospective Studies ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Neoplasm Staging ; Survival Rate ; Prognosis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The ICE3 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of cryoablation in women aged ≥60 years with low-risk, early-stage breast cancers, aiming to provide a non-operative treatment option and avoid potential surgical risks. This study presents 5-year follow-up trial results.

METHODS: The ICE3 trial is an Institutional Review Board-approved, prospective, multicentered, non-randomized trial including women ≥ 60 years of age with unifocal, ultrasound visible, invasive ductal carcinoma ≤ 1.5 cm in size, histologic grade 1-2, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative. The primary study endpoint of 5-year ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) was evaluated based on Kaplan-Meier estimates.

RESULTS: Overall, 194 patients meeting eligibility received successful cryoablation treatment per protocol and were included for analysis. The mean age was 74.9 years (55-94) with a mean tumor size of 7.4 mm transverse (2.8-14.0 mm) and 8.1 mm sagittal (2.5-14.9 mm). With a mean follow-up period of 54.16 months, the IBTR rate at 5 years was 4.3% and breast cancer survival was 96.7%. Of the 124 patients who received endocrine therapy only, the IBTR was 3.7%. No serious device-related adverse events were reported. Minor (88.2%) and moderate (9.6%) adverse events were mild in severity and resolved without residual effects. Quality-of-life score demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001) in distress at 6 months as compared with baseline.

CONCLUSIONS: Breast cryoablation presents a promising alternative to surgery in selected patients, offering the benefits of a minimally invasive procedure with minimal risks. Further studies are encouraged to confirm cryoablation as a viable alternative to surgical excision low-risk patients.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery
Female
Aged
*Cryosurgery/methods
Middle Aged
Follow-Up Studies
*Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology/surgery
Prospective Studies
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology
Aged, 80 and over
*Neoplasm Staging
Survival Rate
Prognosis
Neoplasm Grading
Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism

@article {pmid39283254,
year = {2024},
author = {Cai, F and Li, Y and Liu, H and Luo, J},
title = {Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomic Analyses Implicate Formation of the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment during Breast Tumor Progression.},
journal = {Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4049/jimmunol.2400025},
pmid = {39283254},
issn = {1550-6606},
support = {62072058//MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)/ ; 82073339//MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)/ ; BK20231271//JST | Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation)/ ; },
abstract = {Ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma represent two stages of breast cancer progression. A multitude of studies have shown that genomic instability increases during tumor development, as manifested by higher mutation and copy number variation rates. The advent of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics has enabled the investigation of the subtle differences in cellular states during the tumor progression at single-cell level, thereby providing more nuanced understanding of the intercellular interactions within the solid tumor. However, the evolutionary trajectory of tumor cells and the establishment of the immunosuppressive microenvironment during breast cancer progression remain unclear. In this study, we performed an exploratory analysis of the single-cell sequencing dataset of 13 ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma samples. We revealed that tumor cells became more malignant and aggressive during their progression, and T cells transited to an exhausted state. The tumor cells expressed various coinhibitory ligands that interacted with the receptors of immune cells to create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, spatial transcriptomics data confirmed the spatial colocalization of tumor and immune cells, as well as the expression of the coinhibitory ligand-receptor pairs. Our analysis provides insights into the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the formation of the immunosuppressive landscape during two typical stages of breast cancer progression.},
}

@article {pmid39280872,
year = {2024},
author = {Jackson, I and Isern, R and Jesina, S and Velagapudi, M and Pruett, W},
title = {Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients Treated for Solid Organ Malignancy.},
journal = {Ochsner journal},
volume = {24},
number = {3},
pages = {225-228},
pmid = {39280872},
issn = {1524-5012},
abstract = {Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungal pathogen that can present as an opportunistic cause of pneumonia and can occur in individuals with various causes of immunosuppression, including malignancy and treatments for malignancy that confer increased risk. Although the guidelines for use of Pneumocystis prophylaxis in certain populations are clear, the rapid development of novel cancer therapies elicits the need to accurately assess the degree of immunosuppression conferred by these regimens and to determine if patients receiving these therapies warrant Pneumocystis prophylaxis. Case Series: We present 2 cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast treated with a dose-dense chemotherapy regimen consisting of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel. Conclusion: The use of a dose-dense regimen, in which the interval between doses is shortened compared to a standard regimen, has become a common therapy for patients diagnosed with early breast cancer. Although this approach leads to improved disease-free and overall survival, it has also been associated with an increased risk of developing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Further research involving patients receiving dose-dense chemotherapy regimens is needed to determine their risk of developing opportunistic infections and whether that risk warrants changes in clinical management.},
}

@article {pmid39274541,
year = {2024},
author = {Esin, E and Yildirim, HC and Oksuzoglu, B and Markoc, F and Guntekin, S and Bilgetekin, I and Yildiz, F and Yukruk, F and Demirci, U and Cetin-Atalay, R},
title = {Prosigna Assay for Treatment Decisions in Early Breast Cancer: A Decision Impact Study.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {13},
number = {17},
pages = {},
pmid = {39274541},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {Introduction: Therapeutic decisions in early breast cancer are based on clinico-pathological features which are subject to intra- and inter-observer variability. This single-center decision impact study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Prosigna assay on physicians' adjuvant treatment choices. Methods: Between 09/2017 and 02/2018, formalin-fixed tumor samples from 52 newly diagnosed, postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (T1-T2; pN0-N1a) patients were analyzed. Pre-test clinical judgements and Prosigna test results were compared. Results: The mean age was 59 (42-77). Invasive ductal carcinoma (79.2%), grade 2 (52.8%) and T1c-N0 tumors (43.4%) were represented. There was 40.4% discordance between the pre- and post-test risk of recurrences. No significant change was observed in the clinical intermediate risk category, while there was a net reclassification of low-risk patients into a high Prosigna recurrence risk group. In addition, clinically determined intrinsic subtypes were 34.6% discordant with the Prosigna results, which is largely driven by the reclassification of the luminal A tumors into the Prosigna-assessed luminal B group. Before the Prosigna test, endocrine treatment was the primary choice in 20 patients (39.2%), and chemotherapy was recommended to 31 patients (60.8%). Overall, the Prosigna assay led to a change in treatment choice for one patient. Conclusions: Although conventional risk assessment methods are relatively inexpensive with shorter turnaround times, their accuracy and value for risk reduction are suboptimal. According to our results, the Prosigna assay was found to be a relevant tool for the clinical decision making process. Long-term follow-up of these patients will elucidate the potential benefits of using multigene molecular tests as biomarkers for treatment.},
}

@article {pmid39266381,
year = {2024},
author = {Cilla, S and Macchia, G and Bonome, P and Pezzulla, D and Romano, C and Boccardi, M and Viola, P and Galietta, E and Donati, CM and Morganti, AG and Deodato, F},
title = {Automated single-isocenter stereotactic body radiotherapy for multiple metastases from breast cancer: A case study.},
journal = {Medical dosimetry : official journal of the American Association of Medical Dosimetrists},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.meddos.2024.08.001},
pmid = {39266381},
issn = {1873-4022},
abstract = {Oligometastatic breast cancer patients can today could benefit from a multimodal approach, combining systemic therapy with metastasis-directed treatment using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). However, the possibility to synchronously treat multiple lesions is still challenging, needing the ability to generate complex dose distributions with steep dose gradients outside the lesions and major sparing of surrounding organs at risk and accurately track and reproduce the patient's position before and during radiation therapy. We report the case of an oligometastatic patient from left breast cancer, which occurred after a full course of whole breast radiotherapy, treated using the potential of modern technology including single-isocenter setup, plan automation, breath-hold technique and surface guided tracking and reproducibility of patient's position before and during radiation therapy. A 44-year-old female patient with a history of left breast cancer, specifically a luminal-B-like invasive ductal carcinoma with Her2 overexpression, was admitted to our department. The patient previously underwent a left mastectomy (pT2N0M0), 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy on the chest wall and lymph nodes drainage, and 5 years of hormonal therapy. A chest wall ultrasound and positron emission tomography revealed the presence of new lesions in the area of the surgical scar from the previous mastectomy, internal mammary, axillary and retropectoral levels. The 3 lesions were simultaneously treated with a mono-isocentric VMAT plan using SBRT technique with a total dose of 30 Gy delivered in 5 fractions. Due to the technical challenges, this treatment was supported by the use of planning automation, breath-hold technique and surface-guided radiation therapy to improve the accuracy of the dose delivery. Two different plans were generated and compared to pursue the best dosimetric result, including a summed plan obtained from 3 individual SBRT plans for each lesion with a separate isocenter placed in each of them (MIP), and a single-isocenter SBRT plan able to treat multiple lesions synchronously (SIP). Because of the advantages in terms of dosimetry and dose delivery efficiency, the patient was successfully treated with the SIP plan. The treatment time was reduced to about 4.5 minutes, allowing the comfortably use of breath-hold technique. After treatment, the condition of the patient was normal, and no toxicities have been observed in follow-up. SBRT with mono isocentric VMAT planning represents the recommended approach to simultaneously treat multiple lesions in close proximity in the thoracic district.},
}

@article {pmid39260386,
year = {2024},
author = {Setyawan, G and Ibrahim, KA and Ogawa, R and Sejati, PA and Fujimoto, H and Yamamoto, H and Takei, M},
title = {Detection of invasive ductal carcinoma by electrical impedance spectroscopy implementing gaussian relaxation-time distribution (EIS-GRTD).},
journal = {Biomedical physics & engineering express},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1088/2057-1976/ad795f},
pmid = {39260386},
issn = {2057-1976},
mesh = {Humans ; *Dielectric Spectroscopy/methods ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; *Adipose Tissue ; Normal Distribution ; Breast/diagnostic imaging ; Electric Impedance ; Mastectomy ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer detection and differentiation of breast tissues are critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This study addresses the challenge of distinguishing between invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), normal glandular breast tissues (nGBT), and adipose tissue using electrical impedance spectroscopy combined with Gaussian relaxation-time distribution (EIS-GRTD). The primary objective is to investigate the relaxation-time characteristics of these tissues and their potential to differentiate between normal and abnormal breast tissues. We applied a single-point EIS-GRTD measurement to ten mastectomy specimens across a frequency rangef= 4 Hz to 5 MHz. The method calculates the differential ratio of the relaxation-time distribution functionΔγbetween IDC and nGBT, which is denoted byΔγIDC-nGBT,andΔγbetween IDC and adipose tissues, which is denoted byΔγIDC-adipose.As a result, the differential ratio ofΔγbetween IDC and nGBTΔγIDC-nGBTis 0.36, and between IDC and adiposeΔγIDC-adiposeis 0.27, which included in theα-dispersion atτpeak1=0.033±0.001s.In all specimens, the relaxation-time distribution functionγof IDCγIDCis higher, and there is no intersection withγof nGBTγnGBTand adiposeγadipose.The difference inγsuggests potential variations in relaxation properties at the molecular or structural level within each breast tissue that contribute to the overall relaxation response. The average mean percentage errorδfor IDC, nGBT, and adipose tissues are 5.90%, 6.33%, and 8.07%, respectively, demonstrating the model's accuracy and reliability. This study provides novel insights into the use of relaxation-time characteristic for differentiating breast tissue types, offering potential advancements in diagnosis methods. Future research will focus on correlating EIS-GRTD finding with pathological results from the same test sites to further validate the method's efficacy.},
}

Humans
*Dielectric Spectroscopy/methods
Female
*Breast Neoplasms
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
*Adipose Tissue
Normal Distribution
Breast/diagnostic imaging
Electric Impedance
Mastectomy

@article {pmid39256827,
year = {2024},
author = {Phung, AT and Shah, JR and Dong, T and Reid, T and Larson, C and Sanchez, AB and Oronsky, B and Trogler, WC and Kummel, AC and Aisagbonhi, O and Blair, SL},
title = {CAR expression in invasive breast carcinoma and its effect on adenovirus transduction efficiency.},
journal = {Breast cancer research : BCR},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {131},
pmid = {39256827},
issn = {1465-542X},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/therapy/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; *Adenoviridae/genetics ; *Transduction, Genetic ; *Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein/metabolism/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism/therapy/genetics/pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism/genetics/pathology/therapy ; Cadherins/metabolism/genetics ; Genetic Vectors/genetics/administration & dosage ; Liposomes ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) as the two most common forms of invasive breast cancer. While estrogen receptor positive (ER+) IDC and ILC are treated similarly, the multifocality of ILC presents challenges in detection and treatment, worsening long-term clinical outcomes in patients. With increasing documentation of chemoresistance in ILC, additional treatment options are needed. Oncolytic adenoviral therapy may be a promising option, but cancer cells must express the coxsackievirus & adenovirus receptor (CAR) for adenoviral therapy to be effective. The present study aims to evaluate the extent to which CAR expression is observed in ILC in comparison to IDC, and how the levels of CAR expression correlate with adenovirus transduction efficiency. The effect of liposome encapsulation on transduction efficiency is also assessed.

METHODS: To characterize CAR expression in invasive breast carcinoma, 36 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human breast tumor samples were assayed by CAR immunohistochemistry (IHC). Localization of CAR in comparison to other junctional proteins was performed using a multiplex immunofluorescence panel consisting of CAR, p120-catenin, and E-cadherin. ILC and IDC primary tumors and cell lines were transduced with E1- and E3-deleted adenovirus type 5 inserted with a GFP transgene (Ad-GFP) and DOTAP liposome encapsulated Ad-GFP (DfAd-GFP) at various multiplicities of infection (MOIs). Transduction efficiency was measured using a fluorescence plate reader. CAR expression in the human primary breast carcinomas and cell lines was also evaluated by IHC.

RESULTS: We observed membranous CAR, p120-catenin and E-cadherin expression in IDC. In ILC, we observed cytoplasmic expression of CAR and p120-catenin, with absent E-cadherin. Adenovirus effectively transduced high-CAR IDC cell lines, at MOIs as low as 12.5. Ad-GFP showed similar transduction as DfAd-GFP in high-CAR IDC cell lines. Conversely, Ad-GFP transduction of ILC cell lines was observed only at MOIs of 50 and 100. Furthermore, Ad-GFP did not transduce CAR-negative IDC cell lines even at MOIs greater than 100. Liposome encapsulation (DfAd-GFP) improved transduction efficiency 4-fold in ILC and 17-fold in CAR-negative IDC cell lines.

CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that oncolytic adenoviral therapy is less effective in ILC than IDC due to differences in spatial CAR expression. Liposome-enhanced delivery may be beneficial for patients with ILC and tumors with low or negative CAR expression to improve adenoviral therapeutic effectiveness.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/therapy/genetics/metabolism/pathology
*Adenoviridae/genetics
*Transduction, Genetic
*Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein/metabolism/genetics
Cell Line, Tumor
Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism/therapy/genetics/pathology
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism/genetics/pathology/therapy
Cadherins/metabolism/genetics
Genetic Vectors/genetics/administration & dosage
Liposomes

@article {pmid39254403,
year = {2024},
author = {Agosti, V and Munari, E},
title = {Histopathological evaluation and grading for prostate cancer: current issues and crucial aspects.},
journal = {Asian journal of andrology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4103/aja202440},
pmid = {39254403},
issn = {1745-7262},
abstract = {A crucial aspect of prostate cancer grading, especially in low- and intermediate-risk cancer, is the accurate identification of Gleason pattern 4 glands, which includes ill-formed or fused glands. However, there is notable inconsistency among pathologists in recognizing these glands, especially when mixed with pattern 3 glands. This inconsistency has significant implications for patient management and treatment decisions. Conversely, the recognition of glomeruloid and cribriform architecture has shown higher reproducibility. Cribriform architecture, in particular, has been linked to the worst prognosis among pattern 4 subtypes. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is also associated with high-grade cancer and poor prognosis. Accurate identification, classification, and tumor size evaluation by pathologists are vital for determining patient treatment. This review emphasizes the importance of prostate cancer grading, highlighting challenges like distinguishing between pattern 3 and pattern 4 and the prognostic implications of cribriform architecture and intraductal proliferations. It also addresses the inherent grading limitations due to interobserver variability and explores the potential of computational pathology to enhance pathologist accuracy and consistency.},
}

@article {pmid39253883,
year = {2024},
author = {Paz, Y and Frenkel, TI},
title = {Infant sensitivity to social contingency moderates the predictive link between early maternal reciprocity and infants' emerging social behavior.},
journal = {Developmental science},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13563},
doi = {10.1111/desc.13563},
pmid = {39253883},
issn = {1467-7687},
support = {//Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute at Reichman University/ ; },
abstract = {The scientific study of love underscores the importance of dyadic reciprocity in laying the foundation for infants' social development. While research establishes links between early reciprocity and children's social capacities, some infants appear to benefit from reciprocity more than others. A central feature of reciprocity is its contingent structure, that is, the extent to which maternal behaviors are temporally associated with and contingent upon infants' dynamically changing cues. As such, infants' sensitivity to social contingencies may define the extent to which an infant benefits from maternal reciprocity. The current study examined the role of infants' sensitivity to social contingency (SC) in moderating associations between early maternal reciprocity and subsequent infants' social behavior. The study followed 157 children (47% females), across the first year of life (4, 10, and 12 months) and at preschool age (48 months). Infants' SC at 4 and 10 months moderated the link between early maternal reciprocity and infants' prosocial behavior observed at 12 months. SC at 10 months moderated the link between early reciprocity and reported peer problems at 48 months. Maternal reciprocity predicted more helping behavior in infancy and fewer peer problems at preschool, but only for infants who displayed high SC. Findings highlight the contingent nature of reciprocal mother-infant interactions revealing that an infant's sensitivity to breaks in social-contingency moderates the developmental benefit of reciprocity. Future research is necessary to directly test the underlying mechanisms of these processes and better understand the individual characteristics of infants' sensitivity to social contingency and its' role in typical and atypical development. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Individual differences in infants' sensitivity to breaks in social contingencies may moderate the extent to which infants benefit from contingent reciprocal maternal behavior (i.e., maternal reciprocity). Maternal reciprocity predicted more helping behavior in infancy and fewer peer problems at preschool, but only for infants who displayed high sensitivity to breaks in social contingency. Findings highlight the contingent nature of reciprocal mother-infant interactions revealing that infants' sensitivity to breaks in social-contingency moderates the developmental benefit of reciprocity. Findings emphasize the need to develop measurement methods and direct empirical attention to the important yet understudied individual characteristic of infants' sensitivity to social contingency and its role in shaping social development.},
}

@article {pmid39241864,
year = {2024},
author = {Dobato Portoles, O and Aparicio Lopez, D and Ibañez Carreras, R and Aguirre Ortega, E and Eizaguirre Zarza, B and García Mur, C and Carrasquer Puyal, A and Cebollero Benito, MP and Comín Novella, LI and Allue Cabañuz, M and Martinez Ubieto, F and Sousa Domínguez, R and Torcal Aznar, J and Casamayor Franco, C},
title = {Male breast cancer: A multicenter study in Aragon over 27 years.},
journal = {Cirugia espanola},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cireng.2024.09.001},
pmid = {39241864},
issn = {2173-5077},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Male breast cancer accounts for 1% of all breast cancers. Its low frequency leads to a lack of awareness, resulting in significant diagnostic delays. Additionally, this limits the available evidence, which primarily uses diagnostic-therapeutic algorithms based on women.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prevalence, clinical presentation, anatomical and pathological characteristics, and prognosis of male breast cancer using one of the largest series available. Secondarily, to compare our data with studies conducted in women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, observational, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain, from 1995 to 2022 including men with a pathological diagnosis of breast cancer.

RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were included, with a prevalence of 1%. The most common clinical presentation was a palpable retroareolar mass. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequent type (88.89%), and luminal B was the predominant subtype (47.76%). Surgery was the most utilized treatment; mastectomy was performed in 90.34% and AL in 46.89%. At diagnosis, 52.46% had extramammary involvement. The recurrence rate was 24.1%, and the mortality attributed to the disease was 14.6%.

CONCLUSIONS: There is a high rate of metastatic involvement at diagnosis, a high percentage of mutilating surgeries, and a high number of recurrences compared to available studies on males. Additionally, a worse prognosis is observed compared to breast cancer in women, despite these tumors having a less aggressive molecular subtype. These findings highlight the importance of conducting studies focused on men to develop specific protocols.},
}

@article {pmid39241826,
year = {2024},
author = {Han, Z and Ding, S and Liu, B and Tang, Y and Qiu, X and Wang, E and Zhao, H},
title = {Histopathologic Differential Diagnosis and Estrogen Receptor/Progesterone Receptor Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Breast Carcinoma Using a Deep Learning-Based Artificial Intelligence Architecture.},
journal = {The American journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.08.011},
pmid = {39241826},
issn = {1525-2191},
abstract = {In breast carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common histopathologic subtype, and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a precursor of IDC. They are often concomitant. The immunohistochemical staining of estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) in IDC/DCIS on whole slide histopathologic images (WSIs) can predict the prognosis of patients. However, the interobserver variability among pathologists in reading WSIs is inevitable. Thus, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is crucial. Herein, IDC/DCIS detection was conducted by a deep learning approach, including faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN), RetinaNet, single-shot multibox detector 300 (SSD300), you only look once (YOLO) v3, YOLOv5, YOLOv7, YOLOv8, and Swin transformer. Their performance was estimated by mean average precision (mAP) values. Cell recognition and counting were performed using AI technology to evaluate the intensity and proportion of ER/PR-immunostained cancer cells in IDC/DCIS. A three-round ring study (RS) was conducted to assess WSIs. A database for modelling the underlying probability distribution of a data set with labels was established. YOLOv8 exhibits the highest detection performance with an mAP at 0.5 of 0.944 and an mAP at 0.5 to 0.95 of 0.790. With the assistance of YOLOv8, the scoring concordance across all pathologists was boosted to excellent in RS3 (0.970) from moderate in RS1 (0.724) and good in RS2 (0.812). Deep learning detection can be applied in the clinicopathologic field. To facilitate the histopathologic diagnosis of IDC/DCIS and immunostaining scoring of ER/PR, a novel AI architecture and well-organized data set were developed.},
}

@article {pmid39241490,
year = {2024},
author = {Vanni, G and Pellicciaro, M and Materazzo, M and Berretta, M and Meucci, R and Perretta, T and Portarena, I and Pistolese, CA and Buonomo, OC},
title = {Radiological and pathological predictors of post-operative upstaging of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma and lymph-nodes metastasis; a potential algorithm for node surgical de-escalation.},
journal = {Surgical oncology},
volume = {56},
number = {},
pages = {102128},
doi = {10.1016/j.suronc.2024.102128},
pmid = {39241490},
issn = {1879-3320},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; *Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/surgery/pathology/secondary ; *Lymphatic Metastasis ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology/secondary ; *Algorithms ; Adult ; Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods ; Prognosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mammography ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Staging ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: Ductal carcinoma in situ is considered a local disease with no metastatic potential, thus sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may be deemed an overtreatment. SLNB should be reserved for patients with invasive cancer, even though the risk of upstaging rises to 25 %. We aimed to identify clinicopathological predictors of post-operative upstaging in invasive carcinoma.

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of DCIS subjected to breast surgery between January 2017 to December 2021, and evaluated at the Breast Unit of PTV (Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome).

RESULTS: Out of 267 patients diagnosed with DCIS, 33(12.4 %) received a diagnosis upstaging and 9(3.37 %) patients presented with sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis. In multivariate analysis, grade 3 tumor (OR 1.9; 95 % CI 1.2-5.6), dense nodule at mammography (OR 1.3; 95 % CI 1.1-2.6) and presence of a solid nodule at ultrasonography (OR 1.5; 95 % CI 1.2-2.6) were independent upstaging predictors. Differently, the independent predictors for SLNB metastasis were: upstaging (OR 2.1.; 95 % CI 1.2-4.6; p = 0.0079) and age between 40 and 60yrs (OR 1.4; 95 % CI 1.4-2.7; p = 0.027). All 9 patients with SLN metastasis received a diagnosis upstaging and were aged between 40 and 60 years old.

CONCLUSION: We identified pre-operative independent predictors of upstaging to invasive ductal carcinoma. The combined use of different predictors in an algorithm for surgical treatments of DCIS could reduce the numbers of unnecessary SLNB.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery
Retrospective Studies
Middle Aged
*Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/surgery/pathology/secondary
*Lymphatic Metastasis
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology/secondary
*Algorithms
Adult
Aged
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods
Prognosis
Follow-Up Studies
Mammography
Mastectomy
Neoplasm Staging

@article {pmid39238959,
year = {2024},
author = {Hou, T and Shen, G and Hu, X and Bai, T and He, H and Zhang, Z and Bao, W and Tian, R and Yu, X and Sun, T and Ding, X and Wang, X and Zhang, Y},
title = {A case report of breast cancer metastasis to the bladder from invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)},
volume = {86},
number = {9},
pages = {5529-5534},
pmid = {39238959},
issn = {2049-0801},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, predominantly manifesting as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), which usually metastasizes to the bones, lungs, and liver. However, metastasis to the bladder is exceedingly rare, with few documented cases and limited understanding in the existing literature.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old woman with a history of IDC presented with a lump in her left breast and was initially treated with chemotherapy and a modified radical mastectomy. Years later, she developed urinary symptoms, which upon investigation revealed multiple bladder tumors and right kidney hydronephrosis. Diagnostic imaging, including ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scans, supported these findings.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The discovery of bladder metastasis from IDC highlights significant diagnostic challenges due to the atypical presentation. The case underscores the importance of considering unusual metastatic sites in patients with known breast cancer, especially when they present with non-specific urinary symptoms. This report explores the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of such rare metastatic occurrences and discusses the implications for clinical practice.

CONCLUSION: This case exemplifies the critical need for heightened awareness and thorough evaluation in patients with unusual symptoms and a history of breast cancer. It calls for more comprehensive diagnostic approaches and possibly adjusted treatment protocols to better manage atypical metastases, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and contribute to a deeper understanding of metastatic breast cancer behavior.},
}

@article {pmid39234434,
year = {2024},
author = {Farghadani, M and Sanei, P},
title = {MRI Evaluation of Mass-Like and None-Mass-Like-Proven Breast Cancer from Moderate-to-High Background Enhancement.},
journal = {Advanced biomedical research},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {36},
pmid = {39234434},
issn = {2277-9175},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is considered one of the most prevalent cancers among females worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns of female breast cancer, and also the prevalence of mass-like and nonmass-like lesions among these patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 patients with proven breast cancer (based on their pathologic findings and background parenchymal enhancement [BPE] of their magnetic resonance [MR] images) were included in this cross-sectional study which was performed from 2017 to 2019 in Isfahan, Iran, using a1.5 Tesla (Achieva Philips, Netherland) MRI scanner system. The MR sequences (noncontrast image and at least two contrast-enhanced images) were done in the prone position for studied patients.

RESULTS: It was found that 68.8% (n = 44) and 31.2% (n = 20) of breast cancers were suffered from moderate and severe BPE, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of mass-like nonmass-like and both tumors were 43.8%, 43.8%, and 12.4%, respectively. Pathological studies indicated that 50%, 37.5%, and 12.5% of cancers were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and DCIS, respectively. In addition, a significant relationship between MRI characteristics and pathologic findings was found for IDC and DCIS (P = 0.03).

CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, the relationship between BPE level and MRI finding including mass-like or nonmass-like lesions in biopsy-proven breast cancers was not significant.},
}

@article {pmid39233942,
year = {2024},
author = {McGrath, J and Rhatigan, DJ and Donahue, D and Fannin, M and Lawson, N},
title = {Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma in a Male Patient With Associated BARD1 Mutation.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {8},
pages = {e66216},
pmid = {39233942},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Male breast cancer is an uncommon diagnosis with limited research on management and prognosis due to its rarity. We discuss a case of a 55-year-old male with a non-contributory past medical history who presented with an enlarging palpable mass of his right breast tissue at the 10:00 position. The ultrasound of the right breast showed a 2.8 cm heterogenous mass with irregular borders highly suspicious for malignancy. The follow-up sonogram-guided core biopsy was performed, and the pathology of the mass confirmed high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinoma. A modified radical mastectomy of the right breast with extensive axillary lymph node excision was performed. Genetic testing of the excised tumor revealed a MUTYH gene mutation and a BARD1 (BRCA1-associated RING domain 1) gene mutation of unknown significance. Histopathological analysis confirmed a Grade 2, ER/PR-positive, KI 67-positive, and HER2-negative tumor.},
}

@article {pmid39233823,
year = {2024},
author = {Sun, K and Zhu, M and Chen, G and Liu, B},
title = {Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary invasive ductal carcinoma of the nipple: A case report.},
journal = {Oncology letters},
volume = {28},
number = {5},
pages = {506},
pmid = {39233823},
issn = {1792-1082},
abstract = {Breast cancer typically arises from the terminal duct-lobular unit of the mammary gland and rarely from the ducts inside the nipple. The present paper reports a rare case of primary invasive ductal carcinoma of the papilla, which was a locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer that was treated with 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a nab-paclitaxel, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide regimen. Surgical pathology confirmed that a pathological complete response was achieved and adjuvant radiotherapy was performed postoperatively. No recurrence or metastasis occurred as of April 2024. A review of previous similar cases revealed that primary invasive breast cancer of the nipple has several manifestations. Changes in the nipple should be treated cautiously and a pathological biopsy should be performed in a timely manner. Breast cancer occurring in the nipple can be treated with reference to the same type of common breast cancer, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy can also be performed first if neoadjuvant chemotherapy is indicated.},
}

@article {pmid39226766,
year = {2024},
author = {Madrigal, JM and Pruitt, CN and Fisher, JA and Liao, LM and Graubard, BI and Gierach, GL and Silverman, DT and Ward, MH and Jones, RR},
title = {Carcinogenic industrial air pollution and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the National Institutes of Health AARP Diet and Health Study.},
journal = {Environment international},
volume = {191},
number = {},
pages = {108985},
pmid = {39226766},
issn = {1873-6750},
support = {Z99 CA999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States ; ZIA CP010125/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology/chemically induced ; *Postmenopause ; Middle Aged ; United States/epidemiology ; Aged ; *Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Prospective Studies ; Carcinogens/analysis ; Risk Factors ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Benzene/analysis ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Chemicals emitted from industrial facilities include known or suspected mammary carcinogens and endocrine disruptors, but epidemiologic studies are limited. We evaluated associations between air emissions of multiple carcinogenic chemicals and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in a large prospective U.S.

METHODS: We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory to estimate historical airborne emissions (1987-1995) of 19 known and probable carcinogens for participants enrolled (1995-1996) in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Among 170,402 women, 15,124 breast cancers were diagnosed through 2018. We constructed inverse distance- and wind-weighted average emissions metrics within 1, 2, 5, and 10 km of the enrollment address for each chemical. We estimated multivariable adjusted HRs and 95 % CIs for categories (quartiles, tertiles, medians) of each chemical in association with breast cancer overall and separately by type (invasive, ductal carcinoma in situ) and estrogen receptor (ER) status.

RESULTS: We observed an association between benzene emissions and breast cancer risk that was strongest at 1 km (HRQ4 vs. non-exposed = 2.06, 95 %CI: 1.34-3.17; p-trend = 0.001). The magnitude of the association weakened with increasing distance (2 km HRQ4 vs. non-exposed = 1.17, 95 %CI=0.92-1.49; p-trend = 0.19; 5 km HRQ4 vs. non-exposed = 1.05, 95 %CI=0.94-1.16; p-trend = 0.37; 10 km HRQ4 vs. non-exposed = 0.95, 95 %CI=0.89-1.02; p-trend = 0.19) and appeared to be most relevant for invasive rather than intraductal disease. Overall risk was also elevated for vinyl chloride at 5 km (HR≥median vs. non-exposed = 1.20, 95 %CI=1.01-1.43; p-trend = 0.04), but not 2 km or 10 km. We observed suggestive associations for asbestos, trichloroethylene, and styrene in different subgroup analyses, but risk patterns were not clear across distances. Associations with other chemicals were generally null, with limited evidence of heterogeneity by disease type or ER status.

CONCLUSIONS: An increased risk of breast cancer associated with relatively high levels of industrial benzene emissions warrants additional study, particularly among participants with diverse sociodemographic characteristics that live in areas with higher density of industrial facilities.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology/chemically induced
*Postmenopause
Middle Aged
United States/epidemiology
Aged
*Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data
Air Pollutants/analysis
Prospective Studies
Carcinogens/analysis
Risk Factors
National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data
Benzene/analysis

@article {pmid39219256,
year = {2024},
author = {Lu, N and Zhang, M and Lu, L and Liu, YZ and Zhang, HH and Liu, XD},
title = {[Retracted] miRNA‑490‑3p promotes the metastatic progression of invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {Oncology reports},
volume = {52},
number = {5},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3892/or.2024.8802},
pmid = {39219256},
issn = {1791-2431},
abstract = {Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the western blotting data shown in Fig. 2D, the cell migration and invasion assay data in Fig. 3C, the mouse imaging pictures in Fig. 4C and D, and the H&E‑stained images in Fig. 4E and F were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had already been submitted or published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to Oncology Reports. Given that the abovementioned data had already apparently been submitted or published prior to the receipt of this paper at Oncology Reports, the Editor has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal. After having been in contact with the authors, they accepted the decision to retract the paper. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 45: 706‑716, 2021; DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7880].},
}

@article {pmid39219019,
year = {2024},
author = {Harel-Arbeli, T and Shaposhnik, H and Palgi, Y and Ben-David, BM},
title = {Taking the Extra Listening Mile: Processing Spoken Semantic Context Is More Effortful for Older Than Young Adults.},
journal = {Ear and hearing},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39219019},
issn = {1538-4667},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Older adults use semantic context to generate predictions in speech processing, compensating for aging-related sensory and cognitive changes. This study aimed to gauge aging-related changes in effort exertion related to context use.

DESIGN: The study revisited data from Harel-Arbeli et al. (2023) that used a "visual-world" eye-tracking paradigm. Data on efficiency of context use (response latency and the probability to gaze at the target before hearing it) and effort exertion (pupil dilation) were extracted from a subset of 14 young adults (21 to 27 years old) and 13 older adults (65 to 79 years old).

RESULTS: Both age groups showed a similar pattern of context benefits for response latency and target word predictions, however only the older adults group showed overall increased pupil dilation when listening to context sentences.

CONCLUSIONS: Older adults' efficient use of spoken semantic context appears to come at a cost of increased effort exertion.},
}

@article {pmid39218040,
year = {2024},
author = {Mahmoud, D and Yassa, M and Alvarado, L and Lambert, C and Meterissian, S and Anderson, D and Tremblay, F and Otaky, N and Keyserlingk, J and Panet-Raymond, V and Kopek, N and David, M and Duclos, M and Pembroke, C and Fleiszer, D and Meguerditchian, AN and Loutfi, A and Lavigne, D and Hijal, T},
title = {Single pre-operative radiation therapy (SPORT-CK) trial for low-risk breast cancer: Early results of a phase 2 study.},
journal = {Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology},
volume = {200},
number = {},
pages = {110510},
doi = {10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110510},
pmid = {39218040},
issn = {1879-0887},
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy/surgery/pathology ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/adverse effects/methods ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Preoperative Care ; Aged, 80 and over ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preoperative partial breast irradiation (PBI) is a novel technique that can be used in patients with early-stage breast cancer with the goal of limiting the irradiated breast volume, toxicity and number of fractions. The aim of this trial is to assess the toxicity, surgical, oncologic and cosmetic outcomes of preoperative PBI.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this single-arm phase II trial, we enrolled women ≥ 60 years, with unifocal low-risk breast invasive ductal carcinoma (cT1N0, grade 1-2, ER+, Her2-). Patients were treated with a single fraction of 20 Gy of preoperative PBI using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Patients then underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) +/- sentinel lymph node biopsy within 72 h of radiation. Primary outcomes were rate of surgical complications and early toxicity. Secondary outcomes were cosmesis at 12 months, chronic toxicity and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence.

RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were recruited with a median age of 67 years, and a median follow-up of 60 months. Sentinel biopsy was positive in 1 out of 24 patients (4 %). Two patients received adjuvant RT for close margins or positive lymph nodes. Within the first 90 days, none of the patients had surgical complications; almost all had grade 0 to 1 acute and late RTOG skin toxicity. The cosmetic outcome was rated between good and excellent in all cases by physicians and patients, except for one patient who self-rated her cosmesis as fair as of the third year. There were no recurrences.

CONCLUSION: Preoperative single-fraction PBI is a safe and feasible treatment for elderly patients with low-risk early-stage breast cancer, with no surgical complications, very low rates of acute and late radiation toxicity, and excellent cosmetic outcomes. Randomized controlled trials are needed to compare preoperative to adjuvant PBI in this patient population.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery
Female
Aged
Middle Aged
Mastectomy, Segmental
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy/surgery/pathology
Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/adverse effects/methods
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Preoperative Care
Aged, 80 and over

@article {pmid39215495,
year = {2024},
author = {Islam, T and Hoque, ME and Ullah, M and Islam, T and Nishu, NA and Islam, R},
title = {CNN-based deep learning approach for classification of invasive ductal and metastasis types of breast carcinoma.},
journal = {Cancer medicine},
volume = {13},
number = {16},
pages = {e70069},
pmid = {39215495},
issn = {2045-7634},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Deep Learning ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/classification/diagnostic imaging ; *Neural Networks, Computer ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/classification/diagnostic imaging/secondary ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is one of the leading cancer causes among women worldwide. It can be classified as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) or metastatic cancer. Early detection of breast cancer is challenging due to the lack of early warning signs. Generally, a mammogram is recommended by specialists for screening. Existing approaches are not accurate enough for real-time diagnostic applications and thus require better and smarter cancer diagnostic approaches. This study aims to develop a customized machine-learning framework that will give more accurate predictions for IDC and metastasis cancer classification.

METHODS: This work proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for classifying IDC and metastatic breast cancer. The study utilized a large-scale dataset of microscopic histopathological images to automatically perceive a hierarchical manner of learning and understanding.

RESULTS: It is evident that using machine learning techniques significantly (15%-25%) boost the effectiveness of determining cancer vulnerability, malignancy, and demise. The results demonstrate an excellent performance ensuring an average of 95% accuracy in classifying metastatic cells against benign ones and 89% accuracy was obtained in terms of detecting IDC.

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the proposed model improves classification accuracy. Therefore, it could be applied effectively in classifying IDC and metastatic cancer in comparison to other state-of-the-art models.},
}

Humans
Female
*Deep Learning
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/classification/diagnostic imaging
*Neural Networks, Computer
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/classification/diagnostic imaging/secondary
Neoplasm Metastasis

@article {pmid39207954,
year = {2024},
author = {Yates, ME and Waltermire, H and Mori, K and Li, Z and Li, Y and Guzolik, H and Wang, X and Liu, T and Atkinson, JM and Hooda, J and Lee, AV and Oesterreich, S},
title = {ESR1 Fusions Invoke Breast Cancer Subtype-Dependent Enrichment of Ligand-Independent Oncogenic Signatures and Phenotypes.},
journal = {Endocrinology},
volume = {165},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {39207954},
issn = {1945-7170},
support = {P30 CA047904/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; S10OD028483/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; S10 OD028483/OD/NIH HHS/United States ; F30CA250167/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; RRID:SCR_022735//University of Pittsburgh/ ; //The Breasties/ ; P30CA047904-31//UPMC Hillman Cancer Biology Program/ ; //Hillman Foundation/ ; //Breast Cancer Alliance/ ; //Shear Family Foundation/ ; //Pennsylvania Department of Health/ ; R21 CA237964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; //PA Breast Cancer Coalition/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/genetics/pathology/metabolism ; Female ; *Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Phenotype ; YAP-Signaling Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; SOX9 Transcription Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; Ligands ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer is a leading cause of female mortality and despite advancements in personalized therapeutics, metastatic disease largely remains incurable due to drug resistance. The estrogen receptor (ER, ESR1) is expressed in two-thirds of all breast cancer, and under endocrine stress, somatic ESR1 mutations arise in approximately 30% of cases that result in endocrine resistance. We and others reported ESR1 fusions as a mechanism of ER-mediated endocrine resistance. ER fusions, which retain the activation function 1- and DNA-binding domains, harbor ESR1 exons 1 to 6 fused to an in-frame gene partner resulting in loss of the ER ligand-binding domain (LBD). We demonstrate that in a no-special type (invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC]-NST) and an invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) cell line, ER fusions exhibit robust hyperactivation of canonical ER signaling pathways independent of estradiol or antiendocrine therapies. We employ cell line models stably overexpressing ER fusions with concurrent endogenous ER knockdown to minimize endogenous ER influence. Cell lines exhibited shared transcriptomic enrichment in pathways known to be drivers of metastatic disease, notably MYC signaling. Cells expressing the 3' fusion partners SOX9 and YAP1 consistently demonstrated enhanced growth and cell survival. ILC cells expressing the DAB2 fusion led to enhanced growth, survival, and migration, phenotypes not appreciated in the IDC-NST DAB2 model. Herein, we report that cell line activity is subtype-, fusion-, and assay-specific, suggesting that LBD loss, the fusion partner, and the cellular landscape all influence fusion activities. Therefore, it will be critical to assess fusion frequency in the context of the clinicopathology.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/genetics/pathology/metabolism
Female
*Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics/metabolism
Cell Line, Tumor
Phenotype
YAP-Signaling Proteins/genetics/metabolism
SOX9 Transcription Factor/genetics/metabolism
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology/metabolism
Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics/metabolism
Signal Transduction/genetics
Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics/metabolism/pathology
Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism
Ligands
Cell Proliferation/genetics

@article {pmid39207921,
year = {2024},
author = {Oriakhi, S and Nwashilli, NJ and Ohanaka, CE and Osifo, OD},
title = {Diagnostic Accuracy of Mammographic Findings in Patients 35 Years and Older Presenting with Palpable Breast Lump in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City.},
journal = {West African journal of medicine},
volume = {41},
number = {5},
pages = {548-554},
pmid = {39207921},
issn = {0189-160X},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Mammography/methods ; Middle Aged ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology/diagnosis ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; *Hospitals, Teaching ; *Sensitivity and Specificity ; Nigeria ; Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging/diagnosis/pathology ; Aged ; Breast/pathology/diagnostic imaging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mammography has become an invaluable tool for diagnosing breast lesions and detecting early breast cancer in women of 35 years and above.

AIMS: To correlate the mammography Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories with the histology in breast lesions and to determine the predictive values, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mammography.

PATIENTS AND METHOD: This was a one- year prospective study carried out from March 2015 to February 2016. Consecutive female patients of 35 years and above with breast lesions at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City were recruited. Patients with fungating breast lesions and those who declined recruitment were excluded. All patients had mammography and core biopsy of the breast lesion which was examined histologically.

RESULTS: A total of 101 patients were studied. Five patients had bilateral breast lesions making a total of 106 biopsies that were performed. The mean age of patients with benign breast disease was 47.0 ± 4.9 years while those with malignant breast disease was 49.9 ± 8.5 years; P-value was 0.080 which was not statistically significant. Fibrocystic disease 6 (5.6%) was the most common benign disease while invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant breast disease 84(79.2%). BI-RADS 5 correlated mostly with malignant breast disease (97.0%); P value < 0.001 and was statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that mammography is useful in the diagnosis of breast lesions in women who are 35 years and older. Patients with BI-RADS category 3, 4 and 5 had an increasing correlation with malignant breast disease.},
}

Humans
Female
*Mammography/methods
Middle Aged
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology/diagnosis
Adult
Prospective Studies
*Hospitals, Teaching
*Sensitivity and Specificity
Nigeria
Breast Diseases/diagnostic imaging/diagnosis/pathology
Aged
Breast/pathology/diagnostic imaging
Predictive Value of Tests

@article {pmid39206518,
year = {2024},
author = {Schwieger, L and Switchenko, JM and Cao, Y and Amaniera, I and Phillips-Reed, R and Godette, K and Rizzo, M},
title = {Intraoperative radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer.},
journal = {Journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jso.27814},
pmid = {39206518},
issn = {1096-9098},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) offers more convenience compared to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) following breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer. This study describes the implementation of IORT at a metropolitan academic cancer center.

METHODS: Demographics, tumor characteristics, margin status, adjunct EBRT, and cosmetic results were retrospectively analyzed in patients undergoing BCS with IORT. IORT consists of 20 gray delivered to the partial mastectomy cavity.

RESULTS: From 2015 to 2020, 171 patients (65.5% African American) were included. Histologically, 104 (60.8%) patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), while 67 (39%) patients had DCIS only. Seventeen (15.9%) patients with IDC and 12 (8.6%) patients with DCIS had positive margins. There were 15 ipsilateral breast recurrences (8.8%) and three patients (20%) developed systemic disease. Twenty-five patients (14.6%) underwent adjuvant EBRT. The local recurrence-free survival at 60 months from date of IORT was 89.4% (95% CI 82.7%-93.6%). For overall survival (OS), 168 (98.2%) patients were alive at a median follow-up of 51.4 months, and three total deaths were recorded.

CONCLUSIONS: IORT is a highly desirable and convenient alternative to EBRT for early-stage breast cancer especially for patients with poor compliance. IORT has an acceptable ipsilateral recurrence while not precluding adjunct EBRT based upon the final pathologic report.},
}

@article {pmid39205706,
year = {2024},
author = {Puvvada, P and Nirhale, DS and Gaudani, RH and Mane, P},
title = {Bilateral Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma With Adrenal Metastasis: A Rare Case Report.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {7},
pages = {e65635},
pmid = {39205706},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Adrenal gland metastasis is rare, often associated with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) rather than infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). This report presents a case of a 43-year-old female with bilateral breast IDC and metastasis to the adrenal gland, with bilateral axillary and supraclavicular node involvement. Initial symptoms included a nipple discharge and a palpable lump. Diagnostic imaging and biopsy confirmed IDC, grade 2, with positive estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status and negative human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. The patient is undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with adrenalectomy planned post chemotherapy. The case underscores the need for early diagnosis and rapid treatment to improve outcomes, highlighting the paucity of data on managing solitary adrenal metastasis from IDC. Further research and clinical trials are essential to develop standardized treatment protocols.},
}

@article {pmid39202750,
year = {2024},
author = {Iorga, C and Iorga, CR and Grigorescu, A and Bengulescu, I and Constantin, T and Strambu, V},
title = {Synchronous Breast and Colorectal Malignant Tumors-A Systematic Review.},
journal = {Life (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {39202750},
issn = {2075-1729},
abstract = {UNLABELLED: The incidence of breast and colorectal cancers is well established in studies, but the synchronous occurrence of the two types of tumors is a rarity. In general, they are discovered during screening investigations following the diagnosis of an initial tumor.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to describe the main diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for synchronous breast and colorectal tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature for cases or case series, using established keywords (synchronous breast and colon tumor and synonyms) for the period of 1970-2023. Five reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. The results were processed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

RESULTS: A total of 15 cases were included in the study, including 2 males (age 50 and 57) and 13 females (median age 60, with range from 40 to 79). In a vast majority of the cases, the diagnosis of synchronous tumor was prompted by the first tumor's workup. The first diagnosed tumor was colorectal in nine cases and a breast tumor in six cases. The most common histopathological type of breast tumor was invasive ductal carcinoma, and the colon tumors were exclusively adenocarcinomas. All cases had a surgical indication for both breast and colorectal tumor, except one case, in which the breast tumor had multiple metastasis. In four cases, the surgery was performed concomitantly (colectomy and mastectomy). In three cases, surgery was initially carried out for the breast tumor, followed by colon surgery. Oncological treatment was indicated depending on the tumor stage.

CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of synchronous tumors, the Tumor Board (T.B) decision is mandatory and must be personalized for each patient. Developing new methods of treatment and investigation may play an important role in the future for understanding synchronous tumor development, incidence, and outcome.},
}

@article {pmid39197222,
year = {2024},
author = {Choudhury, D and Dolezal, JM and Dyer, E and Kochanny, S and Ramesh, S and Howard, FM and Margalus, JR and Schroeder, A and Schulte, J and Garassino, MC and Kather, JN and Pearson, AT},
title = {Developing a low-cost, open-source, locally manufactured workstation and computational pipeline for automated histopathology evaluation using deep learning.},
journal = {EBioMedicine},
volume = {107},
number = {},
pages = {105276},
pmid = {39197222},
issn = {2352-3964},
mesh = {Humans ; *Deep Learning ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Computational Biology/methods/economics ; Algorithms ; Neoplasms/pathology/diagnosis ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Deployment and access to state-of-the-art precision medicine technologies remains a fundamental challenge in providing equitable global cancer care in low-resource settings. The expansion of digital pathology in recent years and its potential interface with diagnostic artificial intelligence algorithms provides an opportunity to democratize access to personalized medicine. Current digital pathology workstations, however, cost thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars. As cancer incidence rises in many low- and middle-income countries, the validation and implementation of low-cost automated diagnostic tools will be crucial to helping healthcare providers manage the growing burden of cancer.

METHODS: Here we describe a low-cost ($230) workstation for digital slide capture and computational analysis composed of open-source components. We analyze the predictive performance of deep learning models when they are used to evaluate pathology images captured using this open-source workstation versus images captured using common, significantly more expensive hardware. Validation studies assessed model performance on three distinct datasets and predictive models: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV positive versus HPV negative), lung cancer (adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma), and breast cancer (invasive ductal carcinoma versus invasive lobular carcinoma).

FINDINGS: When compared to traditional pathology image capture methods, low-cost digital slide capture and analysis with the open-source workstation, including the low-cost microscope device, was associated with model performance of comparable accuracy for breast, lung, and HNSCC classification. At the patient level of analysis, AUROC was 0.84 for HNSCC HPV status prediction, 1.0 for lung cancer subtype prediction, and 0.80 for breast cancer classification.

INTERPRETATION: Our ability to maintain model performance despite decreased image quality and low-power computational hardware demonstrates that it is feasible to massively reduce costs associated with deploying deep learning models for digital pathology applications. Improving access to cutting-edge diagnostic tools may provide an avenue for reducing disparities in cancer care between high- and low-income regions.

FUNDING: Funding for this project including personnel support was provided via grants from NIH/NCIR25-CA240134, NIH/NCIU01-CA243075, NIH/NIDCRR56-DE030958, NIH/NCIR01-CA276652, NIH/NCIK08-CA283261, NIH/NCI-SOAR25CA240134, SU2C (Stand Up to Cancer) Fanconi Anemia Research Fund - Farrah Fawcett Foundation Head and Neck Cancer Research Team Grant, and the European UnionHorizon Program (I3LUNG).},
}

Humans
*Deep Learning
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
Computational Biology/methods/economics
Algorithms
Neoplasms/pathology/diagnosis

@article {pmid39195215,
year = {2024},
author = {Zavaglio, F and Cassaniti, I and d'Angelo, P and Zelini, P and Comolli, G and Gregorini, M and Rampino, T and Del Frate, L and Meloni, F and Pellegrini, C and Abelli, M and Ticozzelli, E and Lilleri, D and Baldanti, F},
title = {Immune Control of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in HCMV-Seropositive Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The Predictive Role of Different Immunological Assays.},
journal = {Cells},
volume = {13},
number = {16},
pages = {},
pmid = {39195215},
issn = {2073-4409},
support = {FRRB 2015-043//Fondazione Regionale per la ricerca Biomedica/ ; PE 2016-02362470//Ministero della salute Ricerca Finalizzata/ ; 1032-rcr2023-43//Ministero della salute Ricerca Corrente/ ; 20179JHAM//Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, PRIN/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology/virology ; *Cytomegalovirus/immunology ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Transplant Recipients ; Adult ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Aged ; DNA, Viral ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay ; Immunologic Tests/methods ; Cytokines/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection remains a major complication for solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of HCMV-specific T cell immunity measured at the time of the HCMV-DNA peak in predicting the spontaneous clearance of infection. The performance of cytokine flow cytometry using infected dendritic cells (CFC-iDC), infected cell lysate (CFC-iCL) and pp65 peptide pool (CFC-pp65 pool) as stimuli, as well as ELISPOT assays using infected cell lysate (ELISPOT-iCL) and the pp65 peptide pool (ELISPOT-pp65 pool), was analysed. Among the 40 SOTRs enrolled, 16 patients (40%) required antiviral treatment for an HCMV infection (Non-Controllers), while the others spontaneously cleared the infection (Controllers). At the HCMV-DNA peak, the number of HCMV-specific CD4[+] T cells detected by the CFC-iDC, CFC-iCL and CFC-pp65 pool assays in Controllers was higher than that detected in Non-Controllers, while no difference was observed in terms of HCMV-specific CD8[+] T cell response. The same trend was observed when the HCMV-specific T cell response was measured by ELISPOT-iCL and ELISPOT-pp65 pool. We observed that the CD4[+] CFC-pp65 pool assay was the best predictor of self-resolving HCMV infection at the time of the HCVM-DNA peak. The CFC-pp65 pool assay is able to discriminate between CD4[+] and CD8[+] T cell responses and could be used in daily clinical practice.},
}

Humans
*Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology/virology
*Cytomegalovirus/immunology
Female
Male
Middle Aged
*Transplant Recipients
Adult
Organ Transplantation/adverse effects
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
Aged
DNA, Viral
Dendritic Cells/immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
Immunologic Tests/methods
Cytokines/metabolism

@article {pmid39194971,
year = {2024},
author = {Conti, M and Morciano, F and Amodeo, S and Gori, E and Romanucci, G and Belli, P and Tommasini, O and Fornasa, F and Rella, R},
title = {Special Types of Breast Cancer: Clinical Behavior and Radiological Appearance.},
journal = {Journal of imaging},
volume = {10},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {39194971},
issn = {2313-433X},
abstract = {Breast cancer is a complex disease that includes entities with different characteristics, behaviors, and responses to treatment. Breast cancers are categorized into subgroups based on histological type and grade, and these subgroups affect clinical presentation and oncological outcomes. The subgroup of "special types" encompasses all those breast cancers with insufficient features to belong to the subgroup "invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified". These cancers account for around 25% of all cases, some of them having a relatively good prognosis despite high histological grade. The purpose of this paper is to review and illustrate the radiological appearance of each special type, highlighting insights and pitfalls to guide breast radiologists in their routine work.},
}

@article {pmid39191695,
year = {2024},
author = {Nakamura, K and Nio, Y and Imai, S and Sakamoto, M and Sakamoto, T and Kamei, M and Maruyama, R and Soh, H},
title = {[A Case Report of Adenomyoepithelioma Coexisting with Apocrine Carcinoma in Contralateral Breasts].},
journal = {Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy},
volume = {51},
number = {7},
pages = {757-761},
pmid = {39191695},
issn = {0385-0684},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery ; *Adenomyoepithelioma/pathology/surgery ; Apocrine Glands/pathology/surgery ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology/surgery ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathology/surgery ; },
abstract = {Adenomyoepithelioma(AME)of the breast is a rare condition, and comorbidity with carcinoma is even more unusual. Herein, we report a case of both AME and apocrine carcinoma in different breasts of a single patient. A 48-year-old woman presented to our clinic with a right breast tumor. Fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)was indeterminate and suspicious for both papilloma and non-invasive ductal carcinoma, but excisional biopsy indicated an AME. Immuno-histochemical staining showed EMA(+), AE1/3(+), and CK7(+)mammary duct cells and αSMA(+), CK5/6(+), and p63(+) myoepithelial cells. Six months later, the patient noticed a left breast tumor, and although FNAC indicated no malignancy, after 6 additional months, the tumor size had increased and a mammography revealed tumor microcalcification, suggesting malignancy. Vacuum-assisted biopsy revealed an apocrine carcinoma. The patient underwent partial mastectomy and sentinel node biopsy, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The post-surgical pathology was pT1pN0M0, Stage Ⅰ, triple- negative, and the patient was disease-free for 12 years postoperatively. To our knowledge, this is only the second case of AME and breast cancer in different breasts reported in Japan.},
}

Humans
Female
Middle Aged
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery
*Adenomyoepithelioma/pathology/surgery
Apocrine Glands/pathology/surgery
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology/surgery
Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathology/surgery

@article {pmid39188883,
year = {2024},
author = {Murillo-Ortiz, BO and García-Corrales, K and Martínez-Garza, S and Romero-Vázquez, MJ and Agustín-Godínez, E and Escareño-Gómez, A and Silva-Guerrero, DG and Mendoza-Ramírez, S and Murguia-Perez, M},
title = {Association of hTERT expression, Her2Neu, estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, with telomere length before and at the end of treatment in breast cancer patients.},
journal = {Frontiers in medicine},
volume = {11},
number = {},
pages = {1450147},
pmid = {39188883},
issn = {2296-858X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer shows significant clinical, morphologic, and molecular variation. Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes composed of hexanucleotide repeat DNA sequence, TTAGGG, and numerous telomere-associated proteins. The maintenance of telomere length is carried out by a ribonucleoprotein called telomerase, which consists of two main components: a catalytic subunit called hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) and an RNA template called hTR (human telomerase RNA). The importance of evaluating hTERT expression lies in its potential therapeutic application, being an attractive target due to its almost non-existent expression in normal somatic cells. It is also expected that the anti-neoplastic effect would appear earlier in neoplastic cells with shorter telomeres. Additionally, a significant relationship has been observed between Her2-Neu overexpression and Her2-Neu positivity, which could suggest new combined therapies.The aim of this study was to detect the expression of hTERT, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2-Neu in neoplastic breast tissue embedded in paraffin before treatment and to investigate the relationship between them and with baseline and post-treatment telomere length, as well as with various clinicopathological parameters.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional-correlational, 21 women diagnosed with breast cancer at the Oncology Service of the High Specialty Medical Unit No. 1 of Bajio of the Mexican Institute of Social Security. The study complies with the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (R-2019-1001-127). A peripheral blood sample was obtained before oncological treatment and at the end of oncological treatment for the measurement of telomere length by extracting DNA from leukocytes, was performed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method described by Cawthon. Tumor samples were collected from each patient at the oncology department for immunohistochemical determination of biomarker expression (ER, PR, Her2/neu) and hTERT.

RESULTS: Of the 21 cases included in the study, the median age was 57.57 years. Eighteen cases were classified as invasive ductal carcinoma NOS (85.71%), 10 were histologic grade 2 (47.61%), 16 cases were hormone receptor positive (76.19%), 7 were Her2Neu positive (33.33%), and only 2 cases were triple negative (9.52%). Positive hTERT expression was detected in 11 cases (52.38%) and was negative in the remaining cases. A significant association was identified between hTERT-positive cases and Her2-Neu positive cases (p = 0.04). Baseline and post-treatment telomere lengths showed a significant difference using the non-parametric Wilcoxon t-test (p = 0.002). In hTERT-positive cases, there was significant telomere shortening at the end of oncological treatment (6.14 ± 1.54 vs. 4.75 ± 1.96 Kb, p = 0.007).

CONCLUSION: Positive hTERT immunostaining cases were associated with poor prognostic factors, such as Her2-Neu overexpression and post-treatment telomere shortening. In the future, hTERT immunostaining could be used to select patients for therapies with antagonistic effects on hTERT, as well as in the selection of more appropriate chemotherapy regimens for patients who express it.},
}

@article {pmid39188507,
year = {2024},
author = {Suliman, A and Osman, M and Ali, S and Hussein, S and Osman, RM and Tageldin, E and Ali, LE},
title = {Challenges in diagnosis and management of invasive ductal carcinoma in axillary ectopic breast tissue: a case study.},
journal = {Journal of surgical case reports},
volume = {2024},
number = {8},
pages = {rjae531},
pmid = {39188507},
issn = {2042-8812},
abstract = {Ectopic breast tissue (EBT) is breast tissue located outside the normal anatomic boundaries of the breasts, developing due to incomplete embryological regression of the mammary ridges. EBT can develop anywhere along the milk line, with the axilla being the most common site. While generally benign, EBT can undergo malignant transformation. This case report discusses a 24-year-old female with locally advanced invasive ductal carcinoma in the axillary EBT, highlighting its clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and management in a resource-limited setting. The patient underwent wide local excision and axillary lymph node dissection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, achieving a favorable short-term outcome. This case underscores the importance of considering EBT in differential diagnosis of axillary masses and the need for tailored treatment strategies in such settings.},
}

@article {pmid39188449,
year = {2024},
author = {Scott-Emuakpor, R and Reza-Soltani, S and Altaf, S and Nr, K and Kołodziej, F and Sil-Zavaleta, S and Nalla, M and Ullah, MN and Qureshi, MR and Ahmadi, Y and Rezvani, A and Siddiqui, HF},
title = {Mammary Paget's Disease Mimicking Benign and Malignant Dermatological Conditions: Clinical Challenges and Diagnostic Considerations.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {7},
pages = {e65378},
pmid = {39188449},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Mammary Paget's disease (MPD) or Paget's disease of the breast is a rare dermatological malignancy of the nipple-areolar complex that manifests with a spectrum of symptoms spanning from itching and redness to more severe indications such as breast lump, nipple-areolar complex destruction, or nipple discharge. It is predominantly associated with an underlying ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive ductal carcinoma. MPD often masquerades as other benign and malignant dermatological conditions, including eczema, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and squamous and basal cell carcinomas, leading to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Only one-third of the patients present with a palpable lump; therefore, advanced age with chronic and unilateral lesions should raise concern for MPD. Our review article presents case reports of MPD imitating other skin conditions and underscores the key findings of clinical features and diagnostic workup to help differentiate the condition. A literature review revealed that studies emphasize caution regarding the sole use of mammography and ultrasound in diagnosing MPD, particularly in cases lacking a palpable lump. This highlights the MRI as a superior and more accurate imaging tool. However, any suspicious lesion must be biopsied to allow histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, since there are some cases where MRI findings were negative in the presence of a biopsy-proven MPD. This highlights the need for clinicians to investigate any suspicious lesion of the nipple or breast using the complete triple assessment approach to exclude an underlying malignancy. It is imperative to establish therapeutic guidelines to approach any nipple lesion to minimize the risk of misdiagnosing any underlying cancer, which can be potentially fatal if left alone.},
}

@article {pmid39187318,
year = {2024},
author = {Kolia, A and Frountzas, M and Liatsou, E and Samelis, G and Zagouri, F and Zografos, GC and Gazouli, M and Michalopoulos, NV},
title = {The Role of Serum Nestin in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Observational Study.},
journal = {In vivo (Athens, Greece)},
volume = {38},
number = {5},
pages = {2399-2403},
pmid = {39187318},
issn = {1791-7549},
mesh = {Humans ; *Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/pathology/metabolism ; Female ; *Nestin/metabolism/blood ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; *Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Aged ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism/genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; Aged, 80 and over ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: The molecular classification of breast cancer has enabled targeted therapy for specific molecular subtypes. Nestin, which has been studied for its role in oncogenesis, could contribute to this direction. This study aimed to investigate the differences between serum nestin levels and molecular profiling, as well as histopathological tumor types, in women who underwent surgery for breast cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Women who underwent surgery for breast cancer at the Breast Unit of the 1[st] Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens were prospectively included. Patients' demographic data were recorded and serum nestin levels were measured. Molecular biomarker analysis was performed, as well as histopathologic assessment.

RESULTS: Seventy patients were included in the analysis. Among patients with breast cancer, 93% were estrogen receptor (ER) positive, 91% were progesterone receptor (PR) positive, and 43% were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive. Ki67 was expressed in 16% of patients and p53 was expressed in 32% of patients. Invasive ductal carcinoma was diagnosed in 80% of patients, with 44% of tumors classified as T1 and 46% as T2. Additionally, 43% were G1 and 56% were N0, while 34% were N1. No statistically significant difference was observed between serum nestin levels and ER, PR, HER2, Ki67, and p53 expression. Furthermore, no difference was observed between serum nestin levels and breast cancer histological type, size, N-stage, and grading.

CONCLUSION: The diagnostic and prognostic role of circulating nestin for breast cancer was not confirmed and no correlation with immunohistochemistry results was observed. Thus, the necessity of larger prospective studies is enhanced.},
}

Humans
*Breast Neoplasms/blood/diagnosis/pathology/metabolism
Female
*Nestin/metabolism/blood
Middle Aged
Prognosis
*Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
Aged
Adult
Prospective Studies
Neoplasm Staging
Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism/genetics
Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
Aged, 80 and over

@article {pmid39185299,
year = {2024},
author = {Alamri, AM and AlWadai, HH and Almowallad, SM and AlKulayb, SM and Abdalwahab, ZE and Alzahuf, SM and Alshaiban, SH},
title = {The Pathological Pattern of Breast Cancer in the Najran Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {8},
pages = {e67621},
pmid = {39185299},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most widespread cancer on a global scale, and its prevalence is likewise significant in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, the data accessible regarding the epidemiology and histopathological characteristics of BC in clinical practice is restricted and primarily confined to research endeavors. Aim This study aims to investigate the histopathological profile of women diagnosed with BC seeking treatment at King Khalid Hospital in the Najran region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods In this retrospective study, BC biopsies performed on Saudi patients at King Khalid Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 were examined. All records of breast biopsies from this timeframe were extracted from the hospital's histopathology laboratory computer database after written permission from the head of the laboratory department. For all neoplastic lesions, the World Health Organization's 2012 categorization of breast tumors was applied. Results A total of 61 women with BC were included. Women's age ranged from 30 to 89 years, with a mean age of 49.6 ± 12.3 years. The most reported BC was invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC; 70.5%). Other types reported included invasive papillary carcinoma (8.2%), ductal carcinoma in situ (4.9%), and invasive lobular carcinoma (3.3%). A total of 14 (23%) of the study women had multifocal cancer. Ki-67 was high in 19 cases (31.1%); six (9.8%) had BRCA1 mutations, and six (9.8%) had BRCA2 mutations. Conclusion The current study revealed that BC was frequent among young females, mainly IDC, which was reported on both sides at different sizes and grades. Breast lump was the most commonly presented symptom and had a high representation in women with hormonal receptors, mainly estrogen receptors, but positive genetic testing was infrequent.},
}

@article {pmid39184925,
year = {2024},
author = {Morecroft, R and Logothetics, CN and Tarnawsky, SP and Davis, AA},
title = {Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia management in a patient with metastatic breast cancer and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS): a case report.},
journal = {Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer},
volume = {5},
number = {},
pages = {26},
pmid = {39184925},
issn = {2218-6778},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome associated with cytopenia and the development of hematologic malignancies. Solid tumor occurrence is rare and, historically, these patients have had poor outcomes due to chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and increased susceptibility to infections. We report the administration of cytotoxic systemic therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a patient with SDS and metastatic breast cancer. We describe the risk-benefit profile of utilizing G-CSF in managing this patient to improve her therapeutic outcome and review the prior literature.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 41-year-old Caucasian female with SDS developed stage IV triple-positive [estrogen positive, progesterone positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive] invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast with liver metastases. She had lifelong thrombocytopenia with other hematologic parameters within normal limits, no tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutation, and no history of marrow dysplasia. Based on her underlying SDS, paclitaxel was favored over docetaxel due to the reduced risk of myelosuppression and weekly dosing schedule. Her regimen included weekly paclitaxel with trastuzumab and pertuzumab every 21 days. She experienced chemotherapy-induced neutropenia with an absolute neutrophil count of less than 1,500 leading to the utilization of G-CSF support. She received chemotherapy with twice-weekly G-CSF and did not experience severe infections. After nine cycles of therapy, she had no evidence of metastatic disease on imaging. The patient has an ongoing complete response at 18 months since treatment initiation.

CONCLUSIONS: This case report describes the treatment of a patient with SDS and metastatic breast cancer with cytotoxic chemotherapy and G-CSF. G-CSF facilitated ongoing chemotherapy administration and reduced the risk of infection leading to an optimal therapeutic outcome. There should be careful consideration of early G-CSF use in patients with SDS to optimize continuous chemotherapy dosing.},
}

@article {pmid39177919,
year = {2024},
author = {Yamazaki, A and Tada, H and Muroyama, Y and Yamazaki, Y and Miyashita, M and Harada-Shoji, N and Hamanaka, Y and Ebata, A and Sato, M and Motonari, T and Yanagaki, M and Kon, T and Sakamoto, A and Suzuki, T and Ishida, T},
title = {Surgical and irradiated case of early breast cancer in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.},
journal = {Surgical case reports},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {195},
pmid = {39177919},
issn = {2198-7793},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare inherited connective tissue disease characterized by hyperextensibility of the skin and joints and tissue fragility of the skin and blood vessels, Vascular EDS is the most severe form of EDS, with abnormal arterial fragility. There have been no reports of breast cancer occurring in patients with vascular EDS. Here, we report here a very rare case of breast cancer in a patient with vascular EDS.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 46-year-old woman with vascular EDS underwent partial left mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy for left breast cancer (cStage 0) detected by medical examination. The final pathological diagnosis was invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (pStage IA) [hormone receptor-positive, HER2 score 2 equivocal (FISH-positive), Ki-67LI 18%, luminal-HER2 type]. BluePrint was submitted as an aid in determining the postoperative treatment strategy, BluePrint Molecular Subtype HER2-type. However, the 10-year breast cancer mortality risk using Predict was low (5%). After consultation with the patient, the decision was made to administer postoperative radiation to the preserved breast along with hormone therapy only. There was no delay in postoperative wound healing, and the patient was free of metastatic recurrence for 9 months after surgery.

CONCLUSION: We performed surgery, postoperative radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy in a breast cancer patient with vascular EDS without major complications.},
}

@article {pmid39172028,
year = {2024},
author = {Birnbaum, GE and Friedman, D and Zholtack, K and Gilad, N and Bergman, N and Pollak, D and Reis, HT},
title = {When Your Partner is Being Flirted With: The Impact of Unsolicited Attention on Perceived Partner Desirability and Mate Retention Efforts.},
journal = {Journal of sex research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-14},
doi = {10.1080/00224499.2024.2391105},
pmid = {39172028},
issn = {1559-8519},
abstract = {When searching for a partner, people often rely on social cues to determine partners' suitability, finding those who attract attention from others particularly appealing. While people continue to evaluate their partners beyond relationship initiation, existing research has predominantly concentrated on the effects of observing others' choices during the stage of partner selection, neglecting to consider whether viewing others' attention toward current partners yields similar effects or instead elicits defensive devaluation. In three experiments, we exposed Israeli participants to situations where their partners received unsolicited flirtatious advances, utilizing visualization, virtual reality, and recall techniques. Participants then rated their desire for their partner and mate retention efforts. Results indicated that attention to partners led to decreased desire for them, subsequently predicting reduced relationship investment. These findings suggest that witnessing current partners receiving attention holds a different meaning than observing potential partners in a similar situation, making salient the risk of losing the partner.},
}

@article {pmid39170836,
year = {2024},
author = {Gunasekaran, G and Amalachandran, J},
title = {[68] Ga-FAPI PET/CT versus [18] F-FDG PET/CT: Differentiating Metastatic Disease and Reactive Lymph Nodes in a Case of Carcinoma of Breast/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.},
journal = {World journal of nuclear medicine},
volume = {23},
number = {3},
pages = {217-219},
pmid = {39170836},
issn = {1450-1147},
abstract = {Gallium-68 ([68] Ga)-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography (PET) images the cancer-associated fibroblast that forms a vital component of the tumor microenvironment. It is known that [68] Ga-FAPI PET can aid in differentiating reactive lymph nodes from metastatic lymph nodes. [18] F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) is still the most commonly used PET radiopharmaceutical in the evaluation of a wide range of malignancies including breast carcinoma. Reactive lymph nodes may also show FDG uptake which can hinder optimal assessment for metastatic involvement. We report an interesting case of invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast with associated World Health Organization clinical stage I acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for which [18] F-FDG PET/CT and [68] Ga-FAPI PET/CT were done.},
}

@article {pmid39166665,
year = {2024},
author = {Kaundiyal, S and Chandra, S and Arora, A},
title = {Study of tumor budding and its association with clinicopathological parameters in breast carcinoma.},
journal = {Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)},
volume = {70},
number = {7},
pages = {e20240173},
pmid = {39166665},
issn = {1806-9282},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Middle Aged ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; *Neoplasm Grading ; *Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology ; *Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Adult ; *Neoplasm Staging ; *Ki-67 Antigen/analysis ; Aged ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Tumor budding is a phenomenon in which the tumor cells detach from the main mass and are present at the invasive front. The present study was conducted to study tumor budding in invasive breast carcinoma and to correlate it with clinicopathological parameters and molecular subtypes.

METHODS: The study was conducted over a period of 1 year, and tumor budding was studied as a single or group of cells at the invasive front of breast carcinoma counted in a high-power field (40×). The grading was statistically correlated with tumor size, grade, lymph node status, lymphovascular invasion, pathological TNM staging, molecular subtype, and survival of patients.

RESULTS: A total of 50 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were included, out of which 66% (n=33) showed high-grade tumor budding, which was statistically significantly higher in grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma (p<0.05). High tumor budding was associated with lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and a high Ki-67 proliferative index. All cases showing low-grade budding were alive until 6 months of diagnosis, but there was no statistically significant association between stage and budding.

CONCLUSION: Tumor buds are significantly higher in grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and a high Ki-67 proliferative index. Immunohistochemistry may prove helpful in distinguishing tumor buds from their mimickers. Further studies with extended follow-up are recommended to predict tumor budding as a prognostic marker in breast carcinoma, which may play an important role in cancer therapy.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Middle Aged
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
*Neoplasm Grading
*Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology
*Neoplasm Invasiveness
Adult
*Neoplasm Staging
*Ki-67 Antigen/analysis
Aged
Immunohistochemistry
Prognosis

@article {pmid39165702,
year = {2024},
author = {Gul, SK and Tepetam, H and Yavuz, BB and Gursel, OK and Altinok, A and Yuksel, I and Alomari, O and Atalar, B and Gorken, IB},
title = {General analysis of breast cancer patients tested for BRCA mutations and evaluation of acute radiotherapy toxicity.},
journal = {Northern clinics of Istanbul},
volume = {11},
number = {4},
pages = {302-308},
pmid = {39165702},
issn = {2536-4553},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study is to evaluate breast cancer patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations and compare them with patients without these mutations. Specifically, we aim to assess the acute side effects of radiotherapy in both groups.

METHODS: Data were collected from four participating centers, comprising information from 73 patients who underwent known mutation analysis and had complete data. Patients were monitored on a weekly basis throughout their treatment for acute toxicity, which was evaluated using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) acute toxicity criteria.

RESULTS: The median age of the 73 patients included in our study was 43. Among them, 17 had BRCA1-positive mutations and 19 had BRCA2-positive mutations. Invasive ductal carcinoma was present in 67 patients, all of whom underwent surgery. Of the patients, 57 received conventional radiotherapy doses, while 16 received hypofractionated radiotherapy doses. During follow-up, metastasis occurred in three patients. In BRCA-positive patients, those under 40 years of age (p<0.001), with high nodal positivity (p=0.008), grade 2-3 (p=0.022), and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.002) were significantly more frequent compared to BRCA-negative patients (p<0.001). The median survival was 35.8 months. Grade 1 dysphagia developed in seven BRCA-negative patients and four BRCA-positive patients, with no significant difference observed between the two groups (p=0.351). There was also no statistical difference observed in the occurrence of grade 2-3 skin reactions, with 11 BRCA-negative patients and eight BRCA-positive patients experiencing these side effects.

CONCLUSION: Our study supports existing literature by identifying an association between the presence of BRCA mutations and young age, nodal status, grade, and lymphovascular invasion. Additionally, we found no significant difference in the occurrence of radiotherapy toxicity between BRCA-positive and BRCA-negative patients. These findings suggest that radiotherapy can be safely administered to BRCA-positive patients after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. Keywords for our study include breast cancer, BRCA mutation, radiotherapy, and side effects.},
}

@article {pmid39161776,
year = {2024},
author = {Abdullah, AM and Omar, SS and Qadir, AA and Salih, AM and Pshtiwan, LRA and Ahmed, RS and Ali, RM and Baba, HO and Mohammed, RO and Ali, HO and Kakamad, FH},
title = {Epidermal inclusion cyst in an axillary lymph node with breast cancer: A case report.},
journal = {Molecular and clinical oncology},
volume = {21},
number = {4},
pages = {72},
pmid = {39161776},
issn = {2049-9469},
abstract = {Epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC) is a benign lesion rarely discovered within lymph nodes. The present case report introduces an EIC incidentally discovered during an axillary lymph node biopsy in a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. A 55-year-old woman presented with a breast mass. Ultrasound revealed a suspicious mass, and a core needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma. Lumpectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsies were performed. Histopathological examination revealed tumor-free lymph nodes, with one of them harboring a keratinous EIC. EICs typically arise from entrapped epidermal cells. Their presence in lymph nodes is exceptionally rare. While the origin of such inclusions remains unclear, various theories exist, including anomalous embryonic development, implantation, and metaplasia. This report highlights the unique presentation of an EIC within an axillary lymph node. Recognizing this entity is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of malignancy and unnecessary interventions.},
}

@article {pmid39156944,
year = {2024},
author = {Yasmeen, T and Umar, S and Razi, MM},
title = {Synchronous Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.},
journal = {Journal of cancer & allied specialties},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {655},
pmid = {39156944},
issn = {2411-989X},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: It is uncommon for breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma to present simultaneously. An increase in the rate of simultaneous malignancy identification has resulted from adopting more sensitive staging imaging techniques.

CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we describe a patient who was diagnosed with axillary diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a cancer hospital during a staging work-up for suspected breast cancer. Breast cancer was staged as Stage IIA and DLBCL as Stage IE. She was given three cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) protocol. Interim positron emission tomography scan showed a complete metabolic response (Deauville score 2). She was given one more cycle of R-CHOP. Then, she had right breast-conserving surgery with axillary lymph node dissection in August 2023. Histopathology report showed residual disease with ductal carcinoma in situ. She was recommended weekly paclitaxel for 12 cycles and trastuzumab and pertuzumab for 1 year. She is currently having her adjuvant systemic therapy, after which she will be planned for local radiation. Endocrine treatment will be started once chemotherapy is completed.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Complete baseline work-up per standard protocols/guidelines should be done in each malignancy. Biopsy of metastatic sites should be done wherever possible. All histopathologies should be reviewed thoroughly before treatment initiation, as they may significantly alter patient management.},
}

@article {pmid39154567,
year = {2024},
author = {Shinzaki, W and Terashita, D and Kanaizumi, H and Wakasa, T and Kimura, Y and Komoike, Y},
title = {Coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor and invasive ductal cancer in the ipsilateral breast: A case report.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {122},
number = {},
pages = {110162},
pmid = {39154567},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare breast neoplasms, with an incidence rate of <1 %. Further, the coexistence of PTs and carcinoma is also uncommon. In this report, we describe a rare case of the synchronous coexistence of a benign PT and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the ipsilateral breast.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of a tumor in her right breast. Mammography and ultrasonography revealed a 9.0 cm breast lump, and core biopsy revealed a benign PT. A simple mastectomy of the right breast revealed IDC foci in the mammary area, close to the benign PT. Right axillary lymph node staging was performed by surgery. However, no lymph node metastasis was observed. Subsequently, appropriate adjuvant therapy was initiated. Currently, the patient is doing well.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Breast cancer may be located close to the PT of the ipsilateral breast and is difficult to detect preoperatively, especially in cases of large PTs. Early detection of the presence of a coexisting carcinoma is clinically important because it can alter patient management.

CONCLUSION: Careful assessment of the PT using additional breast imaging tools might help identify their coexistence with breast cancer in cases of difficult diagnosis of coexistent tumors using standard breast imaging tools such as mammography or ultrasound.},
}

@article {pmid39154565,
year = {2024},
author = {Almass, AA and Boumarah, DN and Al-Ali, Z and Salim, AA and Dohal, AA and Al Duhileb, M},
title = {Trichoblastoma and breast carcinoma as metachronous primary tumors: Case report.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {122},
number = {},
pages = {110166},
pmid = {39154565},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The occurrence of more than one tumor originating from the same or different organs is the definition of multiple primary tumors. According to the time of diagnosis, these tumors are classified into two types: metachronous and synchronous tumors. Trichoblastoma is a rare benign skin tumor that is rarely involved in multiple primary tumors, especially in patients with breast cancer.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old male with left breast and lateral chest wall masses. Lastly, he has been diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast and chest wall trichoblastoma as metachronous primary tumors with no significant genetic background.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: With the development in the medical field, such tumors are being encountered more. Some authors suggest a relationship between these tumors and genetic mutations. Although rare trichoblastomas can be transformed into malignant tumors and get metastasized.

CONCLUSION: The diagnosis and management of primary tumors can be challenging in some cases. Researchers should focus on further exploration of the genetic bases and risk factors of such tumors.},
}

@article {pmid39149534,
year = {2024},
author = {Luo, HJ and Ren, JL and Mei Guo, L and Liang Niu, J and Song, XL},
title = {MRI-based machine learning radiomics for prediction of HER2 expression status in breast invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {European journal of radiology open},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {100592},
pmid = {39149534},
issn = {2352-0477},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a tumor biomarker with significant prognostic and therapeutic implications for invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC).

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a multisequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based machine learning radiomics model in classifying the expression status of HER2, including HER2-positive, HER2-low, and HER2 completely negative (HER2-zero), among patients with IDC.

METHODS: A total of 402 female patients with IDC confirmed through surgical pathology were enrolled and subsequently divided into a training group (n = 250, center I) and a validation group (n = 152, center II). Radiomics features were extracted from the preoperative MRI. A simulated annealing algorithm was used for key feature selection. Two classification tasks were performed: task 1, the classification of HER2-positive vs. HER2-negative (HER2-low and HER2-zero), and task 2, the classification of HER2-low vs. HER2-zero. Logistic regression, random forest (RF), and support vector machine were conducted to establish radiomics models. The performance of the models was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of the operating characteristics (ROC).

RESULTS: In total, 4506 radiomics features were extracted from multisequence MRI. A radiomics model for prediction of expression state of HER2 was successfully developed. Among the three classification algorithms, RF achieved the highest performance in classifying HER2-positive from HER2-negative and HER2-low from HER2-zero, with AUC values of 0.777 and 0.731, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning-based MRI radiomics may aid in the non-invasive prediction of the different expression status of HER2 in IDC.},
}

@article {pmid39148033,
year = {2024},
author = {Chen, JH and Addanki, S and Roy, D and Bassett, R and Kalashnikova, E and Spickard, E and Kuerer, HM and Meas, S and Sarli, VN and Korkut, A and White, JB and Rauch, GM and Tripathy, D and Arun, BK and Barcenas, CH and Yam, C and Sethi, H and Rodriguez, AA and Liu, MC and Moulder, SL and Lucci, A},
title = {Monitoring response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer using circulating tumor DNA.},
journal = {BMC cancer},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {1016},
pmid = {39148033},
issn = {1471-2407},
mesh = {Humans ; *Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/blood/mortality/genetics/pathology ; *Circulating Tumor DNA/blood/genetics ; Female ; *Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; *Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology/metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Aged ; Prognosis ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis. We aimed to determine whether circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cell (CTC) could predict response and long-term outcomes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

METHODS: Patients with TNBC were enrolled between 2017-2021 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX). Serial plasma samples were collected at four timepoints: pre-NAC (baseline), 12-weeks after NAC (mid-NAC), after NAC/prior to surgery (post-NAC), and one-year after surgery. ctDNA was quantified using a tumor-informed ctDNA assay (Signatera[TM], Natera, Inc.) and CTC enumeration using CellSearch. Wilcoxon and Fisher's exact tests were used for comparisons between groups and Kaplan-Meier analysis used for survival outcomes.

RESULTS: In total, 37 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 50 and majority of patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (34, 91.9%) with clinical T2, (25, 67.6%) node-negative disease (21, 56.8%). Baseline ctDNA was detected in 90% (27/30) of patients, of whom 70.4% (19/27) achieved ctDNA clearance by mid-NAC. ctDNA clearance at mid-NAC was significantly associated with pathologic complete response (p = 0.02), whereas CTC clearance was not (p = 0.52). There were no differences in overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) with positive baseline ctDNA and CTC. However, positive ctDNA at mid-NAC was significantly associated with worse OS and RFS (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0034, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Early clearance of ctDNA served as a predictive and prognostic marker in TNBC. Personalized ctDNA monitoring during NAC may help predict response and guide treatment.},
}

Humans
*Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/blood/mortality/genetics/pathology
*Circulating Tumor DNA/blood/genetics
Female
*Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods
Middle Aged
Adult
*Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology/metabolism
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
Aged
Prognosis
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
Treatment Outcome

@article {pmid39145500,
year = {2024},
author = {Zakaria, MH and Shaharudin, S and Ahmad Saad, FF},
title = {The Utility of [18]F-Fluorocholine Positron Emission Computed Tomography and [18]F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in Evaluating Breast Cancer Phenotypes: A Pilot Study.},
journal = {The Eurasian journal of medicine},
volume = {56},
number = {2},
pages = {78-85},
pmid = {39145500},
issn = {1308-8734},
abstract = {The utility of the [18]F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([18]F FDG PET-CT) marker for breast cancer is well established. Given its limitations in localizing FDG-negative malignant tumors, the expression of [18]F-fluorocholine ([18]-FCH) may potentially be helpful to improve the overall accuracy in evaluating breast cancer. This study determined the potential of [18]- FCH PET CT as a potential marker in assessing breast cancer phenotypes. We recruited consecutive patients with biopsy-proven breast carcinoma who underwent [18] F-FCH PET-CT following the [18]F-FDG PET-CT imaging. The subjects were dichotomized into human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and HER2-positive genotypes. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax; g/dL) was used to predict the two groups of variables. Global health status (GHS) score based on the EORTC quality of life questionnaire (QLQ) was used to evaluate the outcome of the cohort subjects at 6, 12, and 24 months. There were 21 females with a mean age of 54.48 ± 12.17 years. Eighteen patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (18/21;85.8%) on histology, with 11 (52.4%) were HER2-negative genotype. There was higher sensitivity and specificity of [18]-FCH-PET/CT in breast lesions at 40% and 68.8% compared to [18]FDGPET/CT with 33.3% and 66.7%, respectively. There were significant differences between [18]F-FCH SUVmax (g/dL) of the HER-negative as compared to the HER2- positive group (1.99 g/dL vs. 0.2 g/dL; P < .05). High SUVmax (g/dL) of [18]F-FCH had predicted the HER-negative genotype at the cutoff value of 0.75 (P < .05). High [18]F-FCH showed significantly poor scoring of GHS parameters compared to low FCH at 6 months (mean SUVmax 8.06 vs. 5.40 respectively; P < .05). [18]F-FCH PET-CT is a potential marker in localizing and predicting aggressive breast carcinoma phenotypes.},
}

@article {pmid39144911,
year = {2024},
author = {Jawale, D and Bhoj, P and Pandagle, A and Sharma, A and Kulshrestha, A},
title = {An Unusual Occurrence of Tamoxifen-Induced Maculopathy in a Young Woman With Hormone Receptor-Positive Post-mastectomy Breast Carcinoma.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {7},
pages = {e64545},
pmid = {39144911},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is a hormone therapy used for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. We report the case of a 29-year-old premenopausal lady with a history of infertility treatments who was diagnosed with ER-positive infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. Following a modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, tamoxifen was recommended as part of her adjuvant hormonal therapy. After over three years of tamoxifen use, the patient complained of gradual blurring of vision in both eyes. Ophthalmological examinations indicated bilateral maculopathy, a rare but alarming ocular side effect attributed to tamoxifen use. This case report emphasizes the significance of ophthalmic tests in patients on tamoxifen therapy to monitor any potential ocular side effects. While tamoxifen has shown remarkable benefits in the adjuvant treatment of ER-positive breast cancer, including lowering the chance of recurrence and increasing survival rates, clinicians must be acquainted with rare but potential vision-threatening consequences such as tamoxifen-induced maculopathy. Early detection and timely management are critical in reducing the risk of vision loss in patients receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid39142851,
year = {2024},
author = {Kosáč, P and Zábojníková, M and Vážan, P and Petrů, V and Ratajský, M and Lajmar, K and Dudešek, B and Kudlová, P and Duben, J and Podrazká, L and Gatěk, J},
title = {Breast cancer in 80+ year olds.},
journal = {Rozhledy v chirurgii : mesicnik Ceskoslovenske chirurgicke spolecnosti},
volume = {103},
number = {7},
pages = {258-262},
doi = {10.48095/ccrvch2024258},
pmid = {39142851},
issn = {0035-9351},
mesh = {Humans ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology/surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology/mortality ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The risk of breast cancer increases with increasing age. The aim of our retrospective study was to determine the extent of breast and axillary surgery, including subsequent adjuvant therapy, in 80-year and older patients.

METHODS: Between 2017 and 2021, 834 breast cancer patients were operated in the Surgical Department of the EUC Clinic. Ninety-eight women (2× with bilateral cancer) and 2 men were included in this retrospective study. A total of 102 breast cancer cases in patients older than 80 years were analyzed. The surgical procedure corresponded to the stage of the disease and the general condition of the patient. Adjuvant systemic therapy was indicated according to the same principles.

RESULTS: At the time of surgery, the patients were more than 80 years old (80-96 years). The predominant type of invasive ductal carcinoma was diagnosed 83×, lobular carcinoma 6×, mucinous 6×, papillary carcinoma 4×, other 3×, with luminal A, B predominating (89×). The breast-conserving procedures were performed 63×. Sentinel node biopsy was performed 65×, supplemented by axillary lymph node dissection 13×. Primary axillary lymph node dissection was performed 15×. No axillary procedure was performed 23×. Radiotherapy was given 49×, chemotherapy 9× and hormonal therapy 82×. Local and regional recurrences were each observed 2×. A total of 37 patients died, 10 of them from breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: The most common cause of death in patients aged 80+ years is a cardiovascular disease, not breast cancer itself. This fact should be taken into account when determining the treatment plan.},
}

Humans
Aged, 80 and over
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/surgery
Female
Retrospective Studies
Male
Axilla
Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology/surgery
Lymph Node Excision
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery/pathology/mortality
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
Mastectomy, Segmental