@article {pmid38638844,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhou, H and Liu, D and Chen, L and Zhang, Y and Zhao, X and Ge, Y and Liu, M and Kong, T},
title = {Metastasis to the bladder from primary breast cancer: A case report and literature review.},
journal = {Oncology letters},
volume = {27},
number = {6},
pages = {249},
pmid = {38638844},
issn = {1792-1082},
abstract = {Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor affecting women and represents the leading cause of female cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although distant organ metastasis accounts for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths, reports on bladder metastasis are limited in the existing literature. The present study describes the case of a patient with bladder metastasis originating from breast cancer. In addition, the present study also provides a review of 54 cases of similar disease that have been documented in the currently available literature. The literature review aims to elucidate the clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic approaches for such conditions. The median time from breast cancer diagnosis to bladder metastasis was found to be 5.6 years (range, 0-28 years). The origin of the bladder metastases was predominantly invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) accounting for 52.3% of cases, followed by invasive lobular carcinoma, accounting for 40.9% of cases. The pathology in the primary tumor was the same as the pathology of the bladder metastases in all cases. There was an 88.9% concordance rate for estrogen receptor status, while the progesterone receptor status was 83.3% and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression status was 100%. The primary initial symptoms included urinary system manifestations, such as increased frequency, urgency, dysuria, urinary incontinence, nocturia and gross hematuria. For the cystoscopic examination, the predominant findings were bladder wall thickening or masses, along with ureteral orifice masses. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the occurrence of bladder metastasis often follows the metastasis of other organs, with IDC being the most prevalent subtype. The pathological characteristics between the primary tumor and bladder metastasis exhibit a high degree of concordance.},
}

@article {pmid38628265,
year = {2024},
author = {Chaane, N and Kuehnast, M and Rubin, G},
title = {An audit of breast cancer in patients 40 years and younger in two Johannesburg academic hospitals.},
journal = {SA journal of radiology},
volume = {28},
number = {1},
pages = {2772},
pmid = {38628265},
issn = {1027-202X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females, usually diagnosed after the age of 50 years. There is a perceived increase in breast cancer cases in young women in two public sector Johannesburg academic hospitals; however, there is a shortage of data to confirm this.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess data on breast cancer in young patients and determine any increase in the number of cases in patients 40 years and younger.

METHOD: A retrospective analysis of radiology and histopathology reports of patients 40 years and younger, seen at the radiology departments of two Johannesburg academic hospitals, was performed over a 5-year period. The frequency, histology and immunohistochemical results of breast cancer diagnoses were determined in patients with a Breast Imaging - Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification of 4 or above.

RESULTS: Breast cancer was diagnosed in 73% of the total eligible 469 patients. The mean patient age was 34.35 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma was diagnosed in 83% (n = 283) of patients classified as BI-RADS 5 on imaging. Luminal A and B subtypes were the most common. The highest number of patients (n = 142) were seen in 2016 of which 92 had breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: In this very specific sample set, there was a lower number of breast cancer diagnoses in 2015 and then an increase of breast cancer diagnoses in young patients from 2016 to 2018.

CONTRIBUTION: Earlier breast cancer detection benefits the patient, their families and their reproductive ability. Knowledge of breast cancers in young patients can increase awareness, leading to effective, early diagnoses.},
}

@article {pmid38633394,
year = {2022},
author = {Evlice, O and Bektaş, M and Arık, Ö and Acet, A and Marim, F and Kaya, İ and Şener, A and Erarslan, S and Mistanoğlu, D and Ak, Ö},
title = {Antibiotic Use among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 and Treated in Three Different Clinics.},
journal = {Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology},
volume = {4},
number = {3},
pages = {199-205},
pmid = {38633394},
issn = {2667-646X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to determine and compare the rates of empirical antibiotic use and duration between the chest diseases clinic (CDC), infectious disease clinic (IDC), and internal medicine clinic (IMC) among patients hospitalized because of COVID-19.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in a single university hospital. The study included all patients aged 18 years and older hospitalized with a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 between May 30, 2021, and August 30, 2021. Clinical and laboratory findings were recorded from the electronic medical records database.

RESULTS: The study included a total of 581 inpatients, of whom 310 (53.4%) were women. Of the 581 patients, 475 (81.8%) were prescribed antibiotics. The rate of antibiotic prescription was 71.6% for IDC, 88.5% for CDC, and 87.4% for IMC. The most commonly used antibiotic was moxifloxacin in all groups. The mean treatment duration was 8.9±6.16 days. The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 11.1±5.90 days for CDC, 11.3±6.74 days for IMC, and 5.3 days±3.76 for IDC.

CONCLUSION: Patients with COVID-19 who were treated in IDC had a lower rate and shorter duration of antibiotic use compared to the other clinics. However, the rate of antibiotic prescription in all three groups was very high. Therefore, antimicrobial management programs should be meticulously conducted to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.},
}

@article {pmid38627759,
year = {2024},
author = {Cipolla, C and Lupo, S and Grassi, N and Tutino, G and Greco, M and Eleonora, D and Gebbia, V and Valerio, MR},
title = {Correlation between sentinel lymph node biopsy and non-sentinel lymph node metastasis in patients with cN0 breast carcinoma: comparison of invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma.},
journal = {World journal of surgical oncology},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {100},
pmid = {38627759},
issn = {1477-7819},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology ; *Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; *Breast Neoplasms/surgery/pathology ; *Sentinel Lymph Node/surgery/pathology ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Axilla/pathology ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Some studies have suggested that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) can be avoided in women with cN0 breast cancer with 1-2 positive sentinel nodes (SLNs). However, these studies included only a few patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), so the validity of omitting ALDN in these patients remains controversial. This study compared the frequency of non-sentinel lymph nodes (non-SLNs) metastases in ILC and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

MATERIALS METHODS: Data relating to a total of 2583 patients with infiltrating breast carcinoma operated at our institution between 2012 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed: 2242 (86.8%) with IDC and 341 (13.2%) with ILC. We compared the incidence of metastasis to SLNs and non-SLNs between the ILC and IDC cohorts and examined factors that influenced non-SLNs metastasis.

RESULTS: SLN biopsies were performed in 315 patients with ILC and 2018 patients with IDC. Metastases to the SLNs were found in 78/315 (24.8%) patients with ILC and in 460 (22.8%) patients with IDC (p = 0.31). The incidence of metastases to non-SLNs was significantly higher (p = 0.02) in ILC (52/78-66.7%) compared to IDC (207/460 - 45%). Multivariate analysis showed that ILC was the most influential predictive factor in predicting the presence of metastasis to non-SLNs.

CONCLUSIONS: ILC cases have more non-SLNs metastases than IDC cases in SLN-positive patients. The ILC is essential for predicting non-SLN positivity in macro-metastases in the SLN. The option of omitting ALND in patients with ILC with 1-2 positive SLNs still requires further investigation.},
}

Humans
Female
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology
*Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
Retrospective Studies
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
*Breast Neoplasms/surgery/pathology
*Sentinel Lymph Node/surgery/pathology
Lymph Node Excision
Lymph Nodes/pathology
Axilla/pathology

@article {pmid38624259,
year = {2024},
author = {Petrakis, IL and Meshberg-Cohen, S and Nich, C and Kelly, MM and Claudio, T and Jane, JS and Pisani, E and Ralevski, E},
title = {Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) versus individual drug counseling (IDC) for PTSD for veterans with opioid use disorder maintained on buprenorphine.},
journal = {The American journal on addictions},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/ajad.13557},
pmid = {38624259},
issn = {1521-0391},
support = {1 I01 CX001517-01//VA MERIT grant, Division of Clinical Science Research and Development/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are high rates of comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and opioid use disorder (OUD). Evidence-based trauma-focused psychotherapies such as Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) are a first-line treatment for PTSD. Veterans with OUD are treated primarily in substance use disorder (SUD) clinics where the standard of care is drug counseling; they often do not have access to first-line PTSD treatments. This study tested whether CPT can be conducted safely and effectively in veterans with comorbid OUD treated with buprenorphine.

METHODS: This 12-week, 2-site, randomized clinical trial (RCT) included open-label randomization to two groups: (a) CPT versus (b) Individual Drug Counselling (IDC) in veterans with PTSD and comorbid OUD who were maintained on buprenorphine (N = 38).

RESULTS: Veterans randomized to either IDC (n = 18) or CPT (n = 20) showed a significant reduction in self-reported PTSD symptoms over time as measured by the PTSD checklist (PCL-5) but there were no treatment group differences; there was some indication that reduction in PTSD symptoms in the CPT group were sustained in contrast to the IDC group. Recruitment was significantly impacted by COVID-19 pandemic, so this study serves as a proof-of-concept pilot study.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Veterans with OUD and PTSD can safely and effectively participate in evidence-based therapy for PTSD; further work should confirm that trauma-focused treatment may be more effective in leading to sustained remission of PTSD symptoms than drug counseling.

SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to evaluate CPT for PTSD in the context of buprenorphine treatment for OUD.},
}

@article {pmid38623464,
year = {2024},
author = {Dye, A and Jhaveri, V and Ozdemir, S and Alkhasawneh, A and Hew, K},
title = {Recurrent invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with metastasis to the uterine cervix: A case report.},
journal = {Case reports in women's health},
volume = {42},
number = {},
pages = {e00607},
pmid = {38623464},
issn = {2214-9112},
abstract = {This article presents a case of cervical metastasis from recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast >20 years after initial diagnosis. The diagnosis was made after the patient presented with three months of intermittent post-menopausal vaginal spotting. She underwent palliative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and was disease free at the time of writing. Cervical metastasis of a primary breast cancer is extremely rare and can present with a variety of symptoms. This case report highlights the importance of life-long gynecologic care and surveillance in patients with a history of breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38623446,
year = {2024},
author = {Lue, M and Harrah, P and Shrestha, S and Wang, HT},
title = {Reconstruction after Resection of Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma in a Patient with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.},
journal = {Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {e5737},
doi = {10.1097/GOX.0000000000005737},
pmid = {38623446},
issn = {2169-7574},
abstract = {This case exhibits a presentation of multiple primary malignancies in a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, necessitating surgical excision and multistaged reconstruction. Due to Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients' predisposition to developing malignancies, management includes lifelong surveillance and aggressive treatment of cancers. Plastic surgeons can minimize damage to patient's quality of life by carrying out reconstruction in a thoughtful manner that maximizes function and considers a potential lifetime of future reconstructive needs.},
}

@article {pmid38622289,
year = {2024},
author = {Roy, S and Shanmugam, G and Rakshit, S and Pradeep, R and George, M and Sarkar, K},
title = {Exploring the immunomodulatory potential of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) in the treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)},
volume = {41},
number = {5},
pages = {115},
pmid = {38622289},
issn = {1559-131X},
support = {ECR/2016/000965//Science and Engineering Research Board/ ; },
abstract = {Bacopa monnieri (L) Wettst, commonly known as Brahmi, stands as a medicinal plant integral to India's traditional medical system, Ayurveda, where it is recognized as a "medhya rasayana"-a botanical entity believed to enhance intellect and mental clarity. Its significant role in numerous Ayurvedic formulations designed to address conditions such as anxiety, memory loss, impaired cognition, and diminished concentration underscores its prominence. Beyond its application in cognitive health, Brahmi has historically been employed in Ayurvedic practices for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including arthritis. In contemporary biomedical research, Bacopa monnieri can attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in animal models. However, there remains a paucity of information regarding Bacopa's potential as an anticancer agent, warranting further investigation in this domain. Based on previous findings with Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), the current study aims to find out the role of Brahmi plant preparation (BPP) in immunomodulatory actions on IDC. Employing a specific BPP concentration, we conducted a comprehensive study using MTT assay, ELISA, DNA methylation analysis, Western blotting, ChIP, and mRNA profiling to assess BPP's immunomodulatory properties. Our research finding showed the role of BPP in augmenting the action of T helper 1 (TH1) cells which secreted interferon-γ (IFN-γ) which in turn activated cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) to kill the cells of IDC (*p < 0.05). Moreover, we found out that treatment with BPP not only increased the activities of tumor-suppressor genes (p53 and BRCA1) but also decreased the activities of oncogenes (Notch1 and DNAPKcs) in IDC (*p < 0.05). BPP had an immense significance in controlling the epigenetic dysregulation in IDC through the downregulation of Histone demethylation & Histone deacetylation and upregulation of Histone methylation and Histone acetylation (*p < 0.05). Our Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR data showed BPP treatment increased percentage enrichment of STAT1 & BRCA1 (*p < 0.05) and decreased percentage enrichment of STAT3, STAT5 & NF ΚB (*p < 0.05) on both TBX21 and BRCA1 gene loci in IDC. In addition, BPP treatment reduced the hypermethylation of the BRCA1-associated-DNA, which is believed to be a major factor in IDC (*p < 0.05). BPP not only escalates the secretion of type 1 specific cytokines but also escalates tumor suppression and harmonizes various epigenetic regulators and transcription factors associated with Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) to evoke tumor protective immunity in IDC.},
}

@article {pmid38621672,
year = {2024},
author = {Sánchez-Dávila, JN and Verástegui, EL and Peña-Nieves, A and Allende-Pérez, SR},
title = {Integration of the geriatric palliative care in oncological care of elderly patient with cancer.},
journal = {Palliative & supportive care},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-9},
doi = {10.1017/S1478951524000294},
pmid = {38621672},
issn = {1478-9523},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The objective of this article is to describe the profile of the population attended to by the palliative geriatrics clinic and to evaluate the symptomatic control derived from the care provided.

METHODS: During 2017 a model based on a holistic approach was implemented, in this model the team geriatric palliative care plays a fundamental role by being part of the palliative care team and functioning as a liaison with the oncology team and other required services. We outlined the profile of 100 patients aged 70 and older seen between 2017 and 2019 at our geriatric palliative care clinic. Descriptive statistics were used. In addition, the symptoms and the care clinic model effect on the symptomatic control were analyzed, as well as the complexity of patients in palliative care with IDC-Pal.

RESULTS: The patients median age was 83.5 years. Patients were classified by type of management: 47% within the supportive care group and 53% with palliative care only; 58% had metastatic disease and 84% presented at least 1 comorbidity. Frailty was observed in 78% and a Karnofsky scale of 60 or less was observed in 59% of the overall population.

SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Elderly cancer patients have a complex profile and may have multiple needs. Integrating geriatric palliative care can help to provide better and personalized care along with symptomatic control. Further studies are required to establish the ideal care model for these patients. Importantly, a personalized treatment with a geriatric palliative care specialist is a key element.},
}

@article {pmid38618899,
year = {2024},
author = {Kosie, JE and Lew-Williams, C},
title = {Infant-directed communication: Examining the many dimensions of everyday caregiver-infant interactions.},
journal = {Developmental science},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e13515},
doi = {10.1111/desc.13515},
pmid = {38618899},
issn = {1467-7687},
support = {2004983//National Science Foundation SBE Postdoctoral Research Fellowship/ ; F32HD103439//National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ ; R01HD095912//National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/ ; },
abstract = {Everyday caregiver-infant interactions are dynamic and multidimensional. However, existing research underestimates the dimensionality of infants' experiences, often focusing on one or two communicative signals (e.g., speech alone, or speech and gesture together). Here, we introduce "infant-directed communication" (IDC): the suite of communicative signals from caregivers to infants including speech, action, gesture, emotion, and touch. We recorded 10 min of at-home play between 44 caregivers and their 18- to 24-month-old infants from predominantly white, middle-class, English-speaking families in the United States. Interactions were coded for five dimensions of IDC as well as infants' gestures and vocalizations. Most caregivers used all five dimensions of IDC throughout the interaction, and these dimensions frequently overlapped. For example, over 60% of the speech that infants heard was accompanied by one or more non-verbal communicative cues. However, we saw marked variation across caregivers in their use of IDC, likely reflecting tailored communication to the behaviors and abilities of their infant. Moreover, caregivers systematically increased the dimensionality of IDC, using more overlapping cues in response to infant gestures and vocalizations, and more IDC with infants who had smaller vocabularies. Understanding how and when caregivers use all five signals-together and separately-in interactions with infants has the potential to redefine how developmental scientists conceive of infants' communicative environments, and enhance our understanding of the relations between caregiver input and early learning. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Infants' everyday interactions with caregivers are dynamic and multimodal, but existing research has underestimated the multidimensionality (i.e., the diversity of simultaneously occurring communicative cues) inherent in infant-directed communication. Over 60% of the speech that infants encounter during at-home, free play interactions overlap with one or more of a variety of non-speech communicative cues. The multidimensionality of caregivers' communicative cues increases in response to infants' gestures and vocalizations, providing new information about how infants' own behaviors shape their input. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding how caregivers use a diverse set of communicative behaviors-both separately and together-during everyday interactions with infants.},
}

@article {pmid38617864,
year = {2024},
author = {Park, SY and Lee, J and Park, JY and Kim, GC and Park, J and Cha, JG and Kim, HJ},
title = {Primary Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Arising in Axillary Accessory Breast: A Case Report.},
journal = {Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology},
volume = {85},
number = {2},
pages = {421-427},
pmid = {38617864},
issn = {2951-0805},
abstract = {Ectopic breast tissue can develop along the mammary ridge from the axilla to the groin, and the most common site is the axillae. Primary carcinoma of ectopic breast tissue is extremely rare. We report a rare case of a 61-year-old woman with a palpable mass in her left axilla who had a history of surgical excision of accessory breast tissue in the same area. Mammography (MMG), including axillary tail view, ultrasound (US), and breast MRI were performed. We evaluated the extent and characteristics of the microcalcifications in the axillary tail view. A US-guided biopsy was done, and histopathology revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma. Enhanced abdominal CT revealed multiple hepatic masses consistent with metastases, and the patient received palliative chemotherapy. Herein, we present a rare case of breast cancer arising from accessory breast tissue in the axilla, best appreciated on the axillary tail view of the patient's MMG.},
}

@article {pmid38611640,
year = {2024},
author = {Sato, A and Fujioka, T and Onishi, I and Yamaga, E and Katsuta, L and Kubota, K and Kumaki, Y and Ishiba, T and Oda, G and Tateishi, U},
title = {Arterial Calcification Disappearance in Breast Imaging: A Key Indicator for Transition to Invasive Ductal Carcinoma.},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {14},
number = {7},
pages = {},
pmid = {38611640},
issn = {2075-4418},
abstract = {A woman in her 70s, initially suspected of having fibroadenoma due to a well-defined mass in her breast, underwent regular mammography and ultrasound screenings. Over several years, no appreciable alterations in the mass were observed, maintaining the fibroadenoma diagnosis. However, in the fourth year, an ultrasound indicated slight enlargement and peripheral irregularities in the mass, even though the mammography images at that time showed no alterations. Interestingly, mammography images over time showed the gradual disappearance of previously observed arterial calcification around the mass. Pathological examination eventually identified the mass as invasive ductal carcinoma. Although the patient had breast tissue arterial calcification typical of atherosclerosis, none was present around the tumor-associated arteries. This case highlights the importance of monitoring arterial calcification changes in mammography, suggesting that they are crucial indicators in breast cancer diagnosis, beyond observing size and shape alterations.},
}

@article {pmid38611095,
year = {2024},
author = {Bensenane, R and Beddok, A and Lesueur, F and Fourquet, A and Warcoin, M and Le Mentec, M and Cavaciuti, E and Le Gal, D and Eon-Marchais, S and Andrieu, N and Stoppa-Lyonnet, D and Kirova, Y},
title = {Safety of the Breast Cancer Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Variant Carriers.},
journal = {Cancers},
volume = {16},
number = {7},
pages = {},
pmid = {38611095},
issn = {2072-6694},
abstract = {The Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene is implicated in DNA double-strand break repair. Controversies in clinical radiosensitivity remain known for monoallelic carriers of the ATM pathogenic variant (PV). An evaluation of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1801516 (G-A) showed different results regarding late subcutaneous fibrosis after breast radiation therapy (RT). The main objective of this study was to evaluate acute and late toxicities in carriers of a rare ATM PV or predicted PV and in carriers of minor allele A of rs1801516 facing breast RT. Fifty women with localized breast cancer treated with adjuvant RT between 2000 and 2014 at Institut Curie were selected. Acute and late toxicities in carriers of a rare PV or predicted PV (n= 9), in noncarriers (n = 41) and in carriers of SNP rs1801516 (G-A) (n = 8), were examined. The median age at diagnosis was 53 years old and 82% of patients had an invasive ductal carcinoma and 84% were at clinical stage I-IIB. With a median follow-up of 13 years, no significant difference between carriers and noncarriers was found for acute toxicities (p > 0.05). The same results were observed for late toxicities without an effect from the rs1801516 genotype on toxicities. No significant difference in acute or late toxicities was observed between rare ATM variant carriers and noncarriers after breast RT for localized breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38609794,
year = {2024},
author = {Weed, C and Wang, T and Mohan, SC and Wang, X and Tseng, J and Hu, T and Jaswinder, J and Boyle, MK and Amersi, F and Giuliano, A and Chung, A},
title = {Comparison of Clinical Breast Exam to Breast MRI Surveillance in Patients Following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.},
journal = {Clinical breast cancer},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.clbc.2024.03.011},
pmid = {38609794},
issn = {1938-0666},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) is increasingly being performed for patients with breast cancer. However, optimal postoperative surveillance has not been defined.

METHODS: A prospectively maintained database identified patients with in-situ and invasive cancer who underwent NSM between 2007-2021. Clinical data on postoperative breast surveillance and interventions were collected. Patients who had MRI surveillance versus clinical breast exam (CBE) alone were compared with respect to tumor characteristics, recurrence, and survival.

RESULTS: A total of 483 NSMs were performed on 399 patients. 255 (63.9%) patients had invasive ductal carcinoma, 31 (7.8%) invasive lobular carcinoma, 92 (23.1%) DCIS, 6 (1.5%) mixed ductal and lobular carcinoma, 9 (2.3%) others, and 6 (1.5%) unknown. Postoperatively, 265 (66.4%) patients were followed with CBE alone and 134 (33.6%) had surveillance MRIs. At a median follow-up of 33 months, 20 patients (5.0%) developed in-breast recurrence, 6 patients had (1.5%) an axillary recurrence, and 28 with (7.0%) distant recurrence. 14 (53.8%) LRR were detected in the CBE group and 12 (46.2%) were detected in the MRI group (P = .16). Overall survival (OS) was 99%, with no difference in OS between patients who had CBE alone versus MRI (P = .46). MRI was associated with higher biopsy rates compared to CBE alone (15.8% vs. 7.8%, P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS: Compared to CBE alone, the use of screening MRI following NSM results in higher rate of biopsy and no difference in overall survival.},
}

@article {pmid38605427,
year = {2024},
author = {Wang, K and Schober, L and Fischer, A and Bechmann, N and Maurer, J and Peischer, L and Reul, A and Hantel, C and Reincke, M and Beuschlein, F and Robledo, M and Mohr, H and Pellegata, NS and Schilbach, K and Knösel, T and Ilmer, M and Angele, M and Kroiss, M and Maccio, U and Broglie-Däppen, M and Vetter, D and Lehmann, K and Pacak, K and Grossman, AB and Auernhammer, CJ and Zitzmann, K and Nölting, S},
title = {Opposing effects of cannabidiol in patient-derived neuroendocrine tumor, pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma primary cultures.},
journal = {The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1210/clinem/dgae241},
pmid = {38605427},
issn = {1945-7197},
abstract = {CONTEXT: Treatment options for advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (together PPGLs) are still limited. In recent years, anti-tumor effects of cannabinoids have been reported; however, there are only very limited data available in NETs or PPGLs.

OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on patient-derived human NET/PPGL primary cultures and on NET/PPGL cell lines.

METHODS: We established primary cultures derived from 46 different patients with PPGLs (n = 35) or NETs (n = 11) who underwent tumor resection at two centers. Treatment of patient primary cultures with clinically relevant doses (5 µM) and slightly higher doses (10 µM) of CBD was performed.

RESULTS: We found opposing effects of 5 µM CBD: significant anti-tumor effects in 5/35 (14%) and significant tumor-promoting effects in 6/35 (17%) of PPGL primary cultures. In terms of anti-tumor effects, cluster 2-related PPGLs showed significantly stronger responsivity to CBD compared to cluster 1-related PPGLs (p = 0.042). Of the cluster 2-related tumors, NF1 PPGLs showed strongest responsivity (4/5 PPGL primary cultures with a significant decrease in cell viability were NF1-mutated). We also found opposing effects of 10 µM CBD in PPGLs and NETs: significant anti-tumor effects in 9/33 of PPGL (27%) and 3/11 of NET (27%) primary cultures, significant tumor-promoting effects in 6/33 of PPGL (18%) and 2/11 of NET (18%) primary cultures.

CONCLUSIONS: We suggest a potential novel treatment option for some NETs/PPGLs, but also provide evidence for caution when applying cannabinoids as supportive therapy for pain or appetite management to cancer patients, and possibly as health supplements.},
}

@article {pmid38599926,
year = {2024},
author = {Sefidbakht, S and Beizavi, Z and Kanaani Nejad, F and Pishdad, P and Sadighi, N and Ghoddusi Johari, M and Bijan, B and Tahmasebi, S},
title = {Association of imaging and pathological findings of breast cancer in very young women: Report of a twenty-year retrospective study.},
journal = {Clinical imaging},
volume = {110},
number = {},
pages = {110094},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinimag.2024.110094},
pmid = {38599926},
issn = {1873-4499},
abstract = {PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to assess the new trends in characteristics, molecular subtypes, and imaging findings of breast cancer in very young women.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the database of a primary breast cancer referral center in southern Iran in 342 cases of 30-year-old or younger women from 2001 to 2020. Pathologic data, including nuclear subtype and grade, tumor stage, presence of in situ cancer, imaging data including lesion type in mammogram and ultrasound, and treatment data were recorded. Descriptive statistics were applied. Differences between categorical values between groups were compared using Pearson's Chi-square test.

RESULTS: The mean age was 27.89 years. The tumor type was invasive ductal carcinoma in 82 % of cases. Fourteen patients (4.4 %) had only in situ cancer, and 170 patients had in situ components (49.7 %). Molecular subtypes were available in 278 patients, including 117 (42.1 %) Luminal A, 64 (23.0 %) Luminal B, 58 (20.9 %) triple negative, and 39 (14 %) HER2 Enriched. In those with mammograms available, 63 (30.1 %) had no findings, 53 (25.3 %) had mass, 27 (12.9 %) had asymmetry, whether focal or global, 21 (10 %) had microcalcifications solely, and 45 (21.5 %) had more than one finding. Microcalcifications were significantly more common in Luminal cancers than HER2 and triple-negative cancers (p = 0.041).

CONCLUSION: Our study shows the most common subtype to be Luminal A cancer, with 74 % of the tumors being larger than 2 cm at the time of diagnosis. Irregular masses with non-circumscribed margins were the most common imaging findings.},
}

@article {pmid38603004,
year = {2022},
author = {Gruneau Brulin, J and Shaver, PR and Mikulincer, M and Granqvist, P},
title = {Attachment in the time of COVID-19: Insecure attachment orientations are associated with defiance of authorities' guidelines during the pandemic.},
journal = {Journal of social and personal relationships},
volume = {39},
number = {8},
pages = {2528-2548},
pmid = {38603004},
issn = {0265-4075},
abstract = {Previous research has linked people's relational attachment orientations to emotional reactions and coping during crises, and to social trust and trust in societal institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis for which collective efforts, such as social distancing, are necessary to stop the spread of the virus. During previous pandemics, people high in trust have typically adhered to such efforts. In the present study, we investigated whether attachment orientations were related to people's adherence to authorities' guidelines to stop the spread of COVID-19. We also tested whether previous mediational findings-linking attachment-related avoidance to welfare state trust via social trust-would replicate. We used a web-based survey of 620 participants. Our findings showed that attachment-related anxiety was linked to low adherence to social distancing regulations. This finding was especially noteworthy because high attachment-anxious participants also experienced more negative emotions, yet negative emotions were generally linked to high adherence. Thus, people higher in attachment anxiety seem to have more difficulties in avoiding social situations despite heightened risk of catching and spreading the virus. In addition, attachment-related avoidance was negatively related to adherence and to welfare state trust, and its effects on welfare state trust were statistically mediated by low social trust.},
}

@article {pmid38597082,
year = {2024},
author = {Wang, S and Zhou, Z and Yuan, Q and Yue, L and Yang, S},
title = {Trueness evaluation of three intraoral scanners for the recording of maximal intercuspal position.},
journal = {Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology},
volume = {42},
number = {2},
pages = {227-233},
doi = {10.7518/hxkq.2024.2023277},
pmid = {38597082},
issn = {2618-0456},
mesh = {Humans ; *Molar ; *Incisor ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Computer-Aided Design ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Dental Impression Technique ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This clinical study aimed to assess the trueness of three intraoral scanners for the recor-ding of the maximal intercuspal position (MIP) to provide a reference for clinical practice.

METHODS: Ten participants with good occlusal relationship and healthy temporomandibular joint were recruited. For the control group, facebow transferring procedures were performed, and bite registrations at the MIP were used to transfer maxillary and mandibular casts to a mechanical articulator, which were then scanned with a laboratory scanner to obtain digital cast data. For the experimental groups, three intraoral scanners (Trios 3, Carestream 3600, and Aoralscan 3) were used to obtain digital casts of the participants at the MIP following the scanning workflows endorsed by the corresponding manufacturers. Subsequently, measurement points were marked on the control group's digital casts at the central incisors, canines, and first molars, and corresponding distances between these points on the maxillary and mandibular casts were measured to calculate the sum of measured distances (DA). Distances between measurement points in the incisor (DI), canine (DC), and first molar (DM) regions were also calculated. The control group's maxillary and mandibular digital casts with the added measurement points were aligned with the experimental group's casts, and DA, DI, DC, and DM values of the aligned control casts were determined. Statistical analysis was performed on DA, DI, DC, and DM obtained from both the control and experimental groups to evaluate the trueness of the three intraoral scanners for the recording of MIP.

RESULTS: In the control group, DA, DI, DC, and DM values were (39.58±6.40), (13.64±3.58), (14.91±2.85), and (11.03±1.56) mm. The Trios 3 group had values of (38.99±6.60), (13.42±3.66), (14.55±2.87), and (11.03±1.69) mm. The Carestream 3600 group showed values of (38.57±6.36), (13.56±3.68), (14.45±2.85), and (10.55±1.41) mm, while the Aoralscan 3 group had values of (38.16±5.69), (13.03±3.54), (14.23±2.59), and (10.90±1.54) mm. Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups for overall deviation DA (P=0.96), as well as local deviations DI (P=0.98), DC (P=0.96), and DM (P=0.89).

CONCLUSIONS: With standardized scanning protocols, the three intraoral scanners demonstrated comparable trueness to traditional methods in recording MIP, fulfilling clinical requirements.},
}

Humans
*Molar
*Incisor
Mandible
Maxilla
Computer-Aided Design
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Dental Impression Technique

@article {pmid38592540,
year = {2024},
author = {Rukhsana, and Supty, AT and Hussain, M and Lee, Y},
title = {STK3 higher expression association with clinical characteristics in intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer invasive ductal carcinoma patients.},
journal = {Breast cancer research and treatment},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {38592540},
issn = {1573-7217},
support = {2022R1F1A1069631//National Research Foundation of Korea/ ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: STK3 has a central role in maintaining cell homeostasis, proliferation, growth, and apoptosis. Previously, we investigated the functional link between STK3/MST2, and estrogen receptor in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. To expand the investigation, this study evaluated STK3's higher expression and associated genes in breast cancer intrinsic subtypes using publicly available data.

METHODS: The relationship between clinical pathologic features and STK3 high expression was analyzed using descriptive and multivariate analysis.

RESULTS: Increased STK3 expression in breast cancer was significantly associated with higher pathological cancer stages, and a different expression level was observed in the intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that breast cancer with high STK3 had a lower survival rate in IDC patients than that with low STK3 expression (p < 0.05). The multivariate analysis unveiled a strong correlation between STK3 expression and the survival rate among IDC patients, demonstrating hazard ratios for lower expression. In the TCGA dataset, the hazard ratio was 0.56 (95% CI 0.34-0.94, p = 0.029) for patients deceased with tumor, and 0.62 (95% CI 0.42-0.92, p = 0.017) for all deceased patients. Additionally, in the METABRIC dataset, the hazard ratio was 0.76 (95% CI 0.64-0.91, p = 0.003) for those deceased with tumor. From GSEA outcomes 7 gene sets were selected based on statistical significance (FDR < 0.25 and p < 0.05). Weighted Sum model (WSM) derived top 5% genes also have higher expression in basal and lower in luminal A in association with STK3.

CONCLUSION: By introducing a novel bioinformatics approach that combines GSEA and WSM, the study successfully identified the top 5% of genes associated with higher expression of STK3.},
}

@article {pmid38586701,
year = {2024},
author = {Nair, N and More, A and Singh, BR and Wadkar, A and Tilak, P},
title = {A Successful Pregnancy Following Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in a Breast Cancer Survivor: A Case Report.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {e55756},
pmid = {38586701},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {This report documents the case of a 36-year-old female diagnosed with stage I invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast who, alongside her 39-year-old husband, sought fertility assistance at our center due to primary infertility. Having survived cancer twice in the span of their seven-year marriage, the couple faced the challenge of overcoming both the repercussions of cancer treatment and difficulties in conceiving. Initial attempts through three intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles proved unsuccessful, leading the couple to opt for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The fertility assessment of the husband revealed the presence of several pus cells and a high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). To address this, a medication regimen was administered to improve sperm quality. Concurrently, the female underwent controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) with the anti-estrogen agent letrozole to mitigate the risk of estrogen surges that could compromise her health. Subsequently, oocytes were retrieved from the female, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was used to facilitate fertilization with her husband's sperm. Following successful embryo development, the patient underwent embryo transfer (ET), resulting in a positive beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) result, signifying a successful conception. This case report highlights the intricate challenges faced by individuals with a history of breast cancer, emphasizing the delicate balance required in managing infertility in such circumstances. The described approach, involving personalized treatments and meticulous care, underscores the possibility of achieving successful conception for females struggling with fertility issues post-cancer survival. The documented journey serves as a testament to the resilience of individuals facing the dual challenges of cancer survival and infertility, offering insights into the complexities of their reproductive healthcare.},
}

@article {pmid38578135,
year = {2024},
author = {Zheng, MY and Jin, ZB and Ma, ZZ and Gu, ZG and Zhang, J},
title = {Photo-Curable 3D Printing of Circularly Polarized Afterglow Metal-Organic Framework Monoliths.},
journal = {Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e2313749},
doi = {10.1002/adma.202313749},
pmid = {38578135},
issn = {1521-4095},
support = {2022YFA1503300//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; Y2022081//Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/ ; 2022J06031//Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province/ ; 2023T3003//STS Project of Fujian-CAS/ ; 2023T3052//STS Project of Fujian-CAS/ ; },
abstract = {Developing coordination complexes (such as metal-organic frameworks, MOFs) with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is currently attracting tremendous attention and remains a significant challenge in achieving MOF with circularly polarized afterglow. Herein, MOFs-based circularly polarized afterglow is first reported by combining the chiral induction approach and tuning the afterglow times by using the auxiliary ligands regulation strategy. The obtained chiral R/S-ZnIDC, R/S-ZnIDC(bpy), and R/S-ZnIDC(bpe)(IDC = 1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylate, bpy = 4,4'-Bipyridine, bpe = trans-1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl) ethylene) containing a similar structure unit display different afterglow times with 3, 1, and <0.1 s respectively which attribute to that the longer auxiliary ligand hinders the energy transfer through the hydrogen bonding. The obtained chiral complexes reveal a strong chiral signal, obvious photoluminescence afterglow feature, and strong CPL performance (glum up to 3.7 × 10[-2]). Furthermore, the photo-curing 3D printing method is first proposed to prepare various chiral MOFs based monoliths from 2D patterns to 3D scaffolds for anti-counterfeiting and information encryption applications. This work not only develops chiral complexes monoliths by photo-curing 3D printing technique but opens a new strategy to achieve tunable CPL afterglow in optical applications.},
}

@article {pmid38585820,
year = {2024},
author = {Tang, X and Prodduturi, N and Thompson, KJ and Weinshilboum, R and O'Sullivan, CC and Boughey, JC and Tizhoosh, HR and Klee, EW and Wang, L and Goetz, MP and Suman, V and Kalari, KR},
title = {OmicsFootPrint: a framework to integrate and interpret multi-omics data using circular images and deep neural networks.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1101/2024.03.21.586001},
pmid = {38585820},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The integration and interpretation of multi-omics data are crucial in elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms of complex diseases. While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have revolutionized the analysis of such data in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, there remains a critical need for improved multi-omics analytic methodologies.

METHODS: We developed OmicsFootPrint, a novel framework for transforming multi-omics data into two-dimensional circular images for each sample, enabling intuitive representation and analysis.Utilizing DNNs for analysis, this framework incorporates the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm for model interpretation. We benchmarked OmicsFootPrint performance with data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA); we classified subtypes of lung cancer and breast cancer, specifically the PAM50 subtype and histological classifications. Additionally, we applied OmicsFootPrint to predict drug response data in cancer cell lines.

RESULTS: Evaluation of lung cancer subtypes using TCGA data sets, OmicsFootPrint achieved an average Area Under Curve (AUC) of over 0.90 for distinguishing between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) subtypes. Notably, the EfficientNetV2 model reached an AUC of 0.98±0.02. For the TCGA BRCA (breast cancer) PAM50 subtype classification, encompassing Luminal A, Luminal B, Basal, and HER2 subtypes (836 samples in total), the framework reported an average AUC of 0.83±0.07. Furthermore, the application of OmicsFootPrint to the BRCA data set for distinguishing between invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) showed an average AUC of 0.87±0.04 with four-omics datatypes.Additionally, in drug response studies, OmicsFootPrint outperformed published algorithms, achieving the highest average AUC of 0.74 across all data sets. OmicsFootPrint also demonstrated robust performance with reduced training sample sizes.

CONCLUSIONS: OmicsFootPrint represents a significant advancement, offering a comprehensive, efficient, and interpretable framework for multi-omics data analysis. Its innovative approach in transforming extensive multi-omics data sets into compact, circular images not only reduces memory requirements but also enhances the interpretability of complex biological data. This approach facilitates personalized treatment strategies and enriches our understanding of disease mechanisms, marking a significant step forward in the field of multi-omics research.},
}

@article {pmid38578876,
year = {2024},
author = {Rodriguez, GF and Shah, A and Maderal, AD},
title = {Telangiectasias induced by combination tucatinib and ado-trastuzumab emtansine in a patient with metastatic breast cancer.},
journal = {Breast disease},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {61-64},
doi = {10.3233/BD-230053},
pmid = {38578876},
issn = {1558-1551},
mesh = {Female ; Humans ; Aged ; Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine/therapeutic use ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Trastuzumab/adverse effects ; Quinazolines/therapeutic use ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics/metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects ; *Oxazoles ; *Pyridines ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Tucatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently used in salvage therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast and colorectal cancer. The use of tucatinib alone or in combination with ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in the treatment of advanced HER2-positive cancers is rapidly expanding.

OBJECTIVE/METHODS: We report the case of a 66-year-old female who presented to the dermatology clinic with a one-year history of widespread telangiectasias that began after initiation of combination chemotherapy with tucatinib and T-DM1 for metastatic HER2-positive invasive ductal carcinoma.

RESULTS: The patient's lesions regressed upon cessation of combination therapy and reappeared in the setting of tucatinib re-initiation, with gradual improvement over the following four months following electrocautery to the affected regions.

CONCLUSIONS: We postulate that telangiectasias may be a previously unreported dermatologic side effect of combination treatment with tucatinib and T-DM1. Electrocautery is a safe and effective procedure to reduce the appearance of telangiectasias and improve patient satisfaction during chemotherapy.},
}

Female
Humans
Aged
Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine/therapeutic use
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Trastuzumab/adverse effects
Quinazolines/therapeutic use
Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics/metabolism
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
*Oxazoles
*Pyridines

@article {pmid38577141,
year = {2024},
author = {Sukhija, S and Purohit, P and Pareek, P and Garg, PK and Vishnoi, JR and Elhence, PA and Varthya, SB and Sharma, P and Ambwani, S and Charan, J},
title = {Circulating miRNA-21 Levels in Breast Cancer Patients Before and After Chemotherapy and Its Association with Clinical Improvement.},
journal = {Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB},
volume = {39},
number = {2},
pages = {214-220},
pmid = {38577141},
issn = {0970-1915},
abstract = {Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women, many patients experience recurrences and metastasis. miR-21 (microRNA-21) as biomarker is under investigation for breast cancer. At present, there is very limited information available regarding effect of chemotherapy on miR-21 expression in breast cancer and its correlation with the clinical improvement. Hence, this study was planned to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on miR-21 in metastatic breast cancer and its relationship with the clinical outcome. Females, aged-18-90 years diagnosed with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of breast and candidate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy including Adriamycin (60 mg/m[2]), Cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m[2]) with or without Taxane (75-175 mg/m[2]) were included in the study. Before and after 42 days of staring of chemotherapy sample was collected for circulatory miR-21 and RECIST 1.1 criteria was applied to assess the clinical status. Blood samples for routine clinical biomarkers including liver function test and renal function tests was also collected. miR-21 expression before and after chemotherapy was assessed using standard method based on real time PCR. Expression of miR-21, RECIST criteria and other liver and kidney related biomarkers were compared before and after chemotherapy. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy expression of miR-21 was significantly increased by 5.65-fold. There was significant improvement in clinical scores based on RECIST criteria (0.046). No significant correlation was observed between miR-21 expression and difference in RECIST score (r = - 0.122, p = 0.570). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy causes clinical improvement in breast cancer patients however it is not correlated with the miR-21 expression which significantly increased after chemotherapy.},
}

@article {pmid38576929,
year = {2024},
author = {Jamal, O and Makhchoune, M and Laidi, A and Misbahi, T and Haouas, MY and Chellaoui, A and Bertal, A and Hilmani, S and Ibahiouine, K and Naja, A and Lakhder, A},
title = {Rupture of a dermoid cyst in the subarachnoid space: a case report.},
journal = {Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)},
volume = {86},
number = {4},
pages = {2366-2369},
pmid = {38576929},
issn = {2049-0801},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Intracranial dermoid cysts (IDC) are defined as rare, slow-growing cystic congenital neoplasms. Rupture of an intracranial dermoid cyst occurs rarely and most often spontaneously and results in potentially serious symptoms.

CASE PRESENTATION: A39-year-old female, with mechanical prosthetic heart valve presented with history of headache for 10 months and generalized tonicoclonic seizures. On the admission, the patient had a normal neurological and cranial nerve exam. The authors performed a computed tomography of the brain, The MRI could not be performed because of the presence of the prosthetic valve, revealed rupture of the dermoid cyst in the bilateral subarachnoid spaces. The patient underwent a large temporal craniotomy and the tumour was well exposed and completely removed without incident, the histopathological examination concludes to dermoid cyst, the patient recovered well from surgery.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Rupture is a very rare phenomenon. there are about 60 cases reported in the literature. the contents of the cyst disseminate into the subarachnoid and ventricular spaces in the event of rupture. A variety of clinical symptoms is usually caused. The mechanism of spontaneous rupture of the dermoid cyst is unclear. Among the proposed mechanisms is a rapid expansion of the cyst. Complete surgical resection of dermoid cysts is the only effective treatment for the prevention of recurrences and/or complications.

CONCLUSION: Rupture of an intracranial dermoid cyst is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, although it remains a rare phenomenon. Surgical excision should be considered as soon as the diagnosis is made in order to prevent more severe intracranial complication.},
}

@article {pmid38571894,
year = {2024},
author = {Maiti, S and Nayak, S and Hebbar, KD and Pendem, S},
title = {Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study.},
journal = {F1000Research},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {91},
pmid = {38571894},
issn = {2046-1402},
mesh = {Female ; Humans ; *Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnostic imaging/pathology ; Pilot Projects ; Retrospective Studies ; Radiomics ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC).

METHODS: This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF categories such as shape based, Gray level dependence matrix (GLDM), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), First order, Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), Gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM), NGTDM (Neighbouring gray tone difference matrix) were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) was applied using Google Colab for identifying the top fifteen relevant radiomic features. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify significant RF for differentiating IDC and ILC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC.

RESULTS: Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p <0.001) between IDC and ILC. We noticed that DCE RF, such as Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM) gray level variance (sensitivity (SN) 97.21%, specificity (SP) 96.2%, area under curve (AUC) 0.998), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) difference average (SN 95.72%, SP 96.34%, AUC 0.983), GLCM interquartile range (SN 95.24%, SP 97.31%, AUC 0.968), had the strongest ability to differentiate IDC and ILC.

CONCLUSIONS: MRI-based RF derived from DCE sequences can be used in clinical settings to differentiate malignant lesions of the breast, such as IDC and ILC, without requiring intrusive procedures.},
}

Female
Humans
*Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnostic imaging/pathology
Pilot Projects
Retrospective Studies
Radiomics
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods

@article {pmid38570490,
year = {2024},
author = {Wang, J and Li, B and Luo, M and Huang, J and Zhang, K and Zheng, S and Zhang, S and Zhou, J},
title = {Progression from ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive breast cancer: molecular features and clinical significance.},
journal = {Signal transduction and targeted therapy},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {83},
pmid = {38570490},
issn = {2059-3635},
support = {82172344//National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)/ ; LY21H160039//Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation)/ ; LGF21H030010//Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation)/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Clinical Relevance ; Artificial Intelligence ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; },
abstract = {Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represents pre-invasive breast carcinoma. In untreated cases, 25-60% DCIS progress to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The challenge lies in distinguishing between non-progressive and progressive DCIS, often resulting in over- or under-treatment in many cases. With increasing screen-detected DCIS in these years, the nature of DCIS has aroused worldwide attention. A deeper understanding of the biological nature of DCIS and the molecular journey of the DCIS-IDC transition is crucial for more effective clinical management. Here, we reviewed the key signaling pathways in breast cancer that may contribute to DCIS initiation and progression. We also explored the molecular features of DCIS and IDC, shedding light on the progression of DCIS through both inherent changes within tumor cells and alterations in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, valuable research tools utilized in studying DCIS including preclinical models and newer advanced technologies such as single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and artificial intelligence, have been systematically summarized. Further, we thoroughly discussed the clinical advancements in DCIS and IDC, including prognostic biomarkers and clinical managements, with the aim of facilitating more personalized treatment strategies in the future. Research on DCIS has already yielded significant insights into breast carcinogenesis and will continue to pave the way for practical clinical applications.},
}

Humans
Female
*Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics/metabolism/pathology
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Clinical Relevance
Artificial Intelligence
Gene Expression Profiling
Tumor Microenvironment/genetics

@article {pmid38561526,
year = {2024},
author = {Foesleitner, O and Sulaj, A and Sturm, V and Kronlage, M and Preisner, F and Kender, Z and Bendszus, M and Szendroedi, J and Heiland, S and Schwarz, D},
title = {Diffusion tensor imaging in anisotropic tissues: application of reduced gradient vector schemes in peripheral nerves.},
journal = {European radiology experimental},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {37},
pmid = {38561526},
issn = {2509-9280},
support = {SFB 1118//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; SFB 1118//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; SFB 1118//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; SFB 1118//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; SFB 1158//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; SFB 1158//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Anisotropy ; *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Peripheral Nerves/diagnostic imaging ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In contrast to the brain, fibers within peripheral nerves have distinct monodirectional structure questioning the necessity of complex multidirectional gradient vector schemes for DTI. This proof-of-concept study investigated the diagnostic utility of reduced gradient vector schemes in peripheral nerve DTI.

METHODS: Three-Tesla magnetic resonance neurography of the tibial nerve using 20-vector DTI (DTI20) was performed in 10 healthy volunteers, 12 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 12 age-matched healthy controls. From the full DTI20 dataset, three reduced datasets including only two or three vectors along the x- and/or y- and z-axes were built to calculate major parameters. The influence of nerve angulation and intraneural connective tissue was assessed. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC-AUC) was used for analysis.

RESULTS: Simplified datasets achieved excellent diagnostic accuracy equal to DTI20 (ROC-AUC 0.847-0.868, p ≤ 0.005), but compared to DTI20, the reduced models yielded mostly lower absolute values of DTI scalars: median fractional anisotropy (FA) ≤ 0.12; apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ≤ 0.25; axial diffusivity ≤ 0.96, radial diffusivity ≤ 0.07). The precision of FA and ADC with the three-vector model was closest to DTI20. Intraneural connective tissue was negatively correlated with FA and ADC (r ≥ -0.49, p < 0.001). Small deviations of nerve angulation had little effect on FA accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS: In peripheral nerves, bulk tissue DTI metrics can be approximated with only three predefined gradient vectors along the scanner's main axes, yielding similar diagnostic accuracy as a 20-vector DTI, resulting in substantial scan time reduction.

RELEVANCE STATEMENT: DTI bulk tissue parameters of peripheral nerves can be calculated with only three predefined gradient vectors at similar diagnostic performance as a standard DTI but providing a substantial scan time reduction.

KEY POINTS: • In peripheral nerves, DTI parameters can be approximated using only three gradient vectors. • The simplified model achieves a similar diagnostic performance as a standard DTI. • The simplified model allows for a significant acceleration of image acquisition. • This can help to introduce multi-b-value DTI techniques into clinical practice.},
}

Humans
*Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods
Anisotropy
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Peripheral Nerves/diagnostic imaging
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging

@article {pmid38560226,
year = {2024},
author = {Lee, CP and Hashimoto, M},
title = {Prediction of textural properties of 3D-printed food using response surface methodology.},
journal = {Heliyon},
volume = {10},
number = {7},
pages = {e27658},
doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27658},
pmid = {38560226},
issn = {2405-8440},
abstract = {3D printing has enabled modifying internal structures of the food affecting textural properties, but predicting desired texture remains challenging. To overcome this challenge, the use of response surface methodology (RSM) was demonstrated to develop empirical models relating 3D printing parameters to textural properties using aqueous inks containing cricket powders as a model system. Regression models were established for our key textural properties (i.e., hardness (H), adhesiveness (A), cohesiveness (C), and springiness (S)) in response to three 3D printing parameters: infill percentage (i), layer height (h), and print speed (s). Our developed model successfully predicted the 3D printing parameters to achieve the intended textural properties using a multi-objective optimization framework. The predicted limits for H, A, C, and S were 0.66-5.39 N, 0.01-12.43 mJ, 0.01-1.05, and 0-19.20 mm, respectively. To validate our models, we simulated the texture of other food using our model ink and achieved high accuracy for H (99%), C (82%), and S (87%). This work highlights a simple way to 3D-print foods with spatially different textures and materials, unlocking the full potential of 3D printing technology for manufacturing a range of customized foods.},
}

@article {pmid38558414,
year = {2024},
author = {Han, LK and Lee, J and Dodelzon, K and Towne, WS and Zhou, XK and Ginter, PS and Marti, JL},
title = {Outcomes of atypical lobular hyperplasia managed by active surveillance or immediate surgery.},
journal = {World journal of surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/wjs.12107},
pmid = {38558414},
issn = {1432-2323},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) is typically diagnosed via needle core biopsy (NCB) and is commonly removed surgically in light of upgrade to malignancy rates of 1%-5%. As studies on radiographic outcomes of ALH managed by active surveillance (AS) are limited, we investigated the upgrade rates of surgically excised ALH as well as radiographic progression during AS.

METHODS: In this retrospective study, 125 patients with 127 ALH lesions diagnosed via NCB at Weill Cornell Medicine from 2015 to 2021 were included. The upgrade rate to cancer was determined for patients who had surgical management ≤6 months after biopsy. Among patients with ALH managed by AS, we investigated radiographic progression on 6-month interval imaging.

RESULTS: Of 127 ALH lesions, 75% (n = 95) were immediately excised and 25% (n = 32) were observed under AS. The upgrade rate of immediately excised ALH was 2.1% (n = 2; invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC], T1N0 and IDC, and T1Nx). In the AS cohort, no ALH lesions progressed radiographically during the follow-up period of 22.5 months (median), with all remaining stable (50%, n = 16), resolving (47%, n = 15), or decreasing in size (3%, n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, NCB-diagnosed ALH had a low upgrade to malignancy rate (2.1%), and no ALH lesions managed by AS progressed radiographically during the follow-up period of 22.5 months. These results support AS as the favorable option for patients with pure ALH on biopsy, with surgical excision for lesions that progress on surveillance.},
}

@article {pmid38556289,
year = {2024},
author = {Nagai, N and Ogata, F and Kadowaki, R and Deguchi, S and Otake, H and Nakazawa, Y and Misra, M and Kawasaki, N},
title = {Design of an Oral Tablet Containing Furosemide Nanoparticles with Elevated Bioavailability.},
journal = {Journal of oleo science},
volume = {73},
number = {4},
pages = {563-571},
doi = {10.5650/jos.ess23229},
pmid = {38556289},
issn = {1347-3352},
abstract = {The solubility and permeability of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drugs, such as furosemide (FUR), are low. Thus, the oral bioavailability of these drugs needs to be augmented. Here, we aimed to design orally disintegrating tablets containing FUR nanoparticles to improve bioavailability after oral administration. The FUR nanoparticles were generated by bead-milling in water containing 0.5% methylcellulose and 0.5% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (w/w%). Particle size was approximately 47-350 nm (mean particle size, 188 nm). An orally disintegrating tablet (FUR-NP tablet) comprising FUR nanoparticles (1%) was successfully produced by employing suspensions outlined above that incorporated additives (4% D-mannitol, 0.4% polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 16% gum Arabic, w/w%), followed by freeze-drying. The FUR-NP tablet disaggregated after only 5 s in water, liberating nano-sized FUR particles (172 nm). Experiments using rats showed the absorption of the FUR-NP tablet was significantly improved by comparison with a FUR tablet containing microparticles. In summary, the orally disintegrating tablet containing FUR nanoparticles markedly enhanced the bioavailability of FUR. We anticipate this formulation will also improve the bioavailability of other BCS class IV drugs.},
}

@article {pmid38554305,
year = {2024},
author = {Dogan, I and Khanmammadov, N and Ozkurt, S and Aydiner, A and Saip, P},
title = {Outcomes of the patients with metastatic male breast cancer.},
journal = {Journal of cancer research and therapeutics},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {98-102},
doi = {10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1829_22},
pmid = {38554305},
issn = {1998-4138},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The goal of this research is to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of men with metastatic breast cancer (mMBC).

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the data of 28 patients was conducted. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess overall survival (OS) and prognostic variables.

RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, the median age was 57 years (range 26-86). The most prevalent pathological subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma (92.6%). HER2 positivity was 21.6% in patients, with estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity at 96.4% and 71.4%, respectively. Bone-75%, lung-39.3%, brain-21.4%, and adrenal gland-10.7% were the most prevalent metastatic sites. Trastuzumab-based chemotherapy was given to six patients. During the study period, 14 patients (or half) died. All patients had a median OS of 42.6 months (range: 21.6-63.7). The OS rates after 1, 3, and 5 years were 95.7%, 54.2%, and 36.6%, respectively. The number of metastatic locations (P = 0.045), brain metastasis (P = 0.033), and a history of regular alcohol intake (P = 0.008) were all shown to be statistically significant factors affecting OS in univariate analysis. However, multivariate analysis did not support the findings. In addition, we discovered that trastuzumab-based therapy and de-novo metastatic disease had no effect on OS for mMBC.

CONCLUSIONS: The data on mMBC is restricted because of its rarity. The prognosis of mMBC was shown to be poor in this investigation. Despite the small number of patients, we discovered that in univariate analysis, having brain metastases, the number of metastatic locations, and a history of alcohol intake may be prognostic factors.},
}

@article {pmid38553788,
year = {2024},
author = {Dreindl, R and Bolsa-Ferruz, M and Fayos-Sola, R and Padilla Cabal, F and Scheuchenpflug, L and Elia, A and Amico, A and Carlino, A and Stock, M and Grevillot, L},
title = {Commissioning and clinical implementation of an independent dose calculation system for scanned proton beams.},
journal = {Journal of applied clinical medical physics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e14328},
doi = {10.1002/acm2.14328},
pmid = {38553788},
issn = {1526-9914},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Experimental patient-specific QA (PSQA) is a time and resource-intensive process, with a poor sensitivity in detecting errors. Radiation therapy facilities aim to substitute it by means of independent dose calculation (IDC) in combination with a comprehensive beam delivery QA program. This paper reports on the commissioning of the IDC software tool myQA iON (IBA Dosimetry) for proton therapy and its clinical implementation at the MedAustron Ion Therapy Center.

METHODS: The IDC commissioning work included the validation of the beam model, the implementation and validation of clinical CT protocols, and the evaluation of patient treatment data. Dose difference maps, gamma index distributions, and pass rates (GPR) have been reviewed. The performance of the IDC tool has been assessed and clinical workflows, simulation settings, and GPR tolerances have been defined.

RESULTS: Beam model validation showed agreement of ranges within ± 0.2 mm, Bragg-Peak widths within ± 0.1 mm, and spot sizes at various air gaps within ± 5% compared to physical measurements. Simulated dose in 2D reference fields deviated by -0.3% ± 0.5%, while 3D dose distributions differed by 1.8% on average to measurements. Validation of the CT calibration resulted in systematic differences of 2.0% between IDC and experimental data for tissue like samples. GPRs of 99.4 ± 0.6% were found for head, head and neck, and pediatric CT protocols on a 2%/2 mm gamma criterion. GPRs for the adult abdomen protocol were at 98.9% on average with 3%/3 mm. Root causes of GPR outliers, for example, implants were identified and evaluated.

CONCLUSION: IDC has been successfully commissioned and integrated into the MedAustron clinical workflow for protons in 2021. IDC has been stepwise and safely substituting experimental PSQA since February 2021. The initial reduction of proton experimental PSQA was about 25% and reached up to 90% after 1 year.},
}

@article {pmid38548533,
year = {2024},
author = {Bai, L and You, C and Zhou, J and Xie, L and Zhu, X and Chang, C and Zhi, W},
title = {Quantitative Analysis of Shear Wave Elastography and US-Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography for Evaluating Biological Characteristics of Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Academic radiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2024.03.006},
pmid = {38548533},
issn = {1878-4046},
abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) and Ultrasound-guided Diffuse Optical Tomography (US-guided DOT) demonstrate promise in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions. This study aims to assess the feasibility and correlation of SWE and US-guided DOT in evaluating the biological characteristics of breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 235 breast cancer patients with 238 lesions, scheduled for surgery within one to three days, underwent B-mode ultrasound (US), US-guided DOT, and SWE. Parameters such as Total Hemoglobin Concentration (THC), Maximal Elasticity (Emax), Mean Elasticity (Emean), Standard Deviation of Elasticity (Esd), and Area Ratio were measured. Correlation with post-surgical pathology reports was examined to explore associations between THC, SWE Parameters, and pathology characteristics.

RESULTS: Lesions in patient groups with ER-, PR-, HER2 + , high Ki67, LVI+ , and ALN+ exhibited higher THC, Emax, and Esd compared to groups with ER+ , PR+ , HER2-, low Ki67, LVI-, and ALN-. The increase was seen in all grades of IDC-I to -III. THC significantly correlated with Smax (r = 0.340, P < 0.001), Emax (r = 0.339, P < 0.001), Emean (r = 0.201, P = 0.003), and Esd (r = 0.313, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: US-guided DOT and SWE prove valuable for the quantitative assessment of breast cancer's biological characteristics, with THC positively correlated with Emax, Emean, and Esd.},
}

@article {pmid38545425,
year = {2024},
author = {Magnoni, F and Corso, G and Maisonneuve, P and Bianchi, B and Accardo, G and Sangalli, C and Massari, G and Rotili, A and Nicosia, L and Pesapane, F and Montagna, E and Mazzarol, G and Galimberti, V and Veronesi, P and Curigliano, G},
title = {Comparison of long-term outcome between clinically high risk lobular versus ductal breast cancer: a propensity score matched study.},
journal = {EClinicalMedicine},
volume = {71},
number = {},
pages = {102552},
pmid = {38545425},
issn = {2589-5370},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Abemaciclib is currently approved for the adjuvant treatment of high-risk, lymph node (LN)-positive, hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer (BC). In a real-world setting the clinicopathologic features of patients potentially eligible for adjuvant abemaciclib remain to be defined. There are conflicting data regarding the biological behavior and long-term outcomes across invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). In our study we retrospectively assessed the real-world data and long-term outcome of selected high-risk features ILC compared to IDC, according to the MonarchE trial inclusion criteria.

METHODS: We identified 15,071 patients who got surgery at the European Institute of Oncology for a first primary, non-metastatic, HR-positive, HER2-negative BC from 2000 to 2008. 11,981 (79.5%) patients had an IDC and 1524 (10.1%) an ILC. The remaining 1566 patients (10.4%) had either combined ductal and lobular breast cancer or another histological breast cancer subtype. According to the eligibility criteria of the MonarchE study, we identified two high-risk groups, based on high number of positive lymph nodes, large tumor size, or a high cellular proliferation as measured by tumor grade or biomarkers. Patients were matched by propensity score.

FINDINGS: A total of 2872 (21.3%) patients were selected as clinically high-risk, including 361/1524 ILC (23.7%) and 2511/11,981 IDC (21%). 322 high-risk ILC were matched with similar high-risk IDC. The median follow-up was 13.2 years for survival. In the matched set, invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) (log-rank P = 0.09) and overall survival (OS) (log-rank P = 0.48) were not statistically significantly different between the two histological groups. For IDC patients, the 5-year and 10-year IDFS rates (95% CI) were 77.7% (72.9-82.2) and 57.3% (51.7-63.1) respectively, compared to the 5-year and 10-year IDFS rates of ILC patients that were 75.5% (70.6-80.2) and 50.7% (45.0-56.6). The 5-year and 10-year distant relapse free survival (DRFS) rates were 80% (75.3-84.2) and 65.3% (59.8-70.7) in IDC cohort, compared to the 5-year and the 10-year DRFS rates of 78.7% (74.0-83.1) and 61.5% (55.9-67.1) in the ILC cohort. Such data match the recent outcomes efficacy results of the MonarchE control arm. More patients in the ILC (n = 17) than in the IDC group (n = 10) developed axillary recurrence. At multivariable analysis, stratified for specific clinical features, age <35 years, pT2-3, axillary involvement with more than 10 positive axillary nodes were found to be predictors of unfavorable IDFS and OS in the overall matched high-risk population.

INTERPRETATION: Findings from this matched cohort study reported similar IDFS and DRFS rates for high risk HR positive early BC when compared to the control arm overall IDFS and DRFS rates reported from the MonarchE trial. Our study demonstrated rates of concordant long-term outcome status beyond histologic subtype. These data support an escalation strategy for these two different histological entities when diagnosed with high-risk features. In our dataset approximately 21% rate of high-risk HR positive early BC patients are potentially eligible for adjuvant abemaciclib treatment.

FUNDING: Umberto Veronesi Foundation.},
}

@article {pmid38539179,
year = {2024},
author = {Esmat, E and Haidary, AM and Saadaat, R and Rizvi, SN and Aleena, S and Haidari, M and Hofiani, SMS and Hussaini, N and Hakimi, A and Khairy, A and Abdul-Ghafar, J},
title = {Association of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2/neu expressions with clinicopathologic factors of breast carcinoma: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan.},
journal = {BMC cancer},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {388},
pmid = {38539179},
issn = {1471-2407},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the major causes of death worldwide. It is the most common cause of death before the age of 70 years. The incidence and mortality of BC are rapidly increasing, posing great challenges to the health system and economy of every nation.

METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) to demonstrate the association of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/Neu) and estrogen receptor (ER)/ progesterone receptor (PR) with clinical as well as pathological parameters among women with BC. A consecutive nonprobability sampling method was used for this study over a span of one and a half years.

RESULTS: One hundred twenty participants diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 44.58 ± 11.16 years. Out of the total patients, 68 (56.7%) were above 40 years old, 108 (90%) were married, 94 (78.3%) were multiparous, and 88 (73.3%) had a history of breastfeeding. 33.3% of cases were within the age range of menopause (40-50 years). The positive expression rates of ER, PR, and Her2/neu were found to be 48.8%, 44.6%, and 44.6%, respectively, and Her2/neu overexpression was found to be higher among ER/PR-negative cases.

CONCLUSION: In our study, we demonstrated that among Afghan women, grade II invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, was the most common type of BC and frequently affected women above the age of 40. We also revealed that the percentage of negative ER (50.4%), negative PR (54.4%), and concordant ER/PR-negative cases were high compared to other possibilities. Additionally, the study revealed that expression of Her2/neu was in contrast with the expression of ER and PR receptors. The findings of our study still support the importance of performing immunohistochemical stains for hormonal receptor classification in terms of better clinical outcomes and prognosis.},
}

@article {pmid38536377,
year = {2022},
author = {Harwood-Gross, A and Weltman, A and Kanat-Maymon, Y and Pat-Horenczyk, R and Brom, D},
title = {Peace of mind: Promoting psychological growth and reducing the suffering of combat veterans.},
journal = {Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association},
volume = {34},
number = {6},
pages = {668-678},
pmid = {38536377},
issn = {1532-7876},
abstract = {The Peace of Mind (POM) program was designed to enable combat veterans in Israel to process their combat experience, address difficulties in the transition to civilian life and facilitate psychological growth as a result of their military experience. During the course of the program, 1068 participants were studied at four time points. Post-traumatic symptoms were measured using the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and post-traumatic growth (PTG) was measured using the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Multilevel Modeling (MLM) was used to assess symptom and psychological trajectories for all participants and for those who began with and without PTSD symptoms, respectively. The results demonstrated that those who began the program with elevated PTSD symptoms experienced a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms following the completion of the intensive element of the program. Additionally, all participants demonstrated an increase in PTG following the intensive section of the program and this was maintained throughout follow-up. The findings indicate that the POM program is beneficial in relation to both positive and negative outcomes of traumatic military experiences though it is clear that the transition from combat to civilian life is more complex than the current measures identify and that further research needs to examine the distinct lifestyle and functional changes which occur following the program.},
}

@article {pmid38534445,
year = {2024},
author = {Rapoport, R and Greenberg, A and Yakhini, Z and Simon, I},
title = {A Cyclic Permutation Approach to Removing Spatial Dependency between Clustered Gene Ontology Terms.},
journal = {Biology},
volume = {13},
number = {3},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biology13030175},
pmid = {38534445},
issn = {2079-7737},
abstract = {Traditional gene set enrichment analysis falters when applied to large genomic domains, where neighboring genes often share functions. This spatial dependency creates misleading enrichments, mistaking mere physical proximity for genuine biological connections. Here we present Spatial Adjusted Gene Ontology (SAGO), a novel cyclic permutation-based approach, to tackle this challenge. SAGO separates enrichments due to spatial proximity from genuine biological links by incorporating the genes' spatial arrangement into the analysis. We applied SAGO to various datasets in which the identified genomic intervals are large, including replication timing domains, large H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 domains, HiC compartments and lamina-associated domains (LADs). Intriguingly, applying SAGO to prostate cancer samples with large copy number alteration (CNA) domains eliminated most of the enriched GO terms, thus helping to accurately identify biologically relevant gene sets linked to oncogenic processes, free from spatial bias.},
}

@article {pmid38530283,
year = {2024},
author = {Matta, L and Blaas, L and Gibis, C and Guerra, J},
title = {Functions require junctions: endurance exercise protects from age-induced alterations of the neuromuscular system.},
journal = {The Journal of physiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1113/JP286232},
pmid = {38530283},
issn = {1469-7793},
}

@article {pmid38527731,
year = {2024},
author = {Aksu, A and Zeynep Gülsüm, G and Küçüker, KA and Alacacıoğlu, A and Turgut, B},
title = {Intra and peritumoral PET radiomics analysis to predict the pathological response in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.},
journal = {Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {500002},
doi = {10.1016/j.remnie.2024.500002},
pmid = {38527731},
issn = {2253-8089},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the contribution of 18Fluorine-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG PET) radiomic data obtained from both the tumoral and peritumoral area in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

METHODS: Female patients with a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma who received NAC were evaluated retrospectively. The volume of interest (VOI) of the primary tumor (VOI-T) was manually segmented, then a voxel-thick VOI was added around VOI-T to define the peritumoral area (VOI-PT). Morphological, intensity-based, histogram and texture parameters were obtained from VOIs. The patients were divided into two groups as pCR and non-complete pathological response (npCR). A "radiomic model" was created with only radiomic features, and a "patho-radiomic model" was created using radiomic features and immunohistochemical data.

RESULTS: Of the 66 patients included in the study, 21 were in the pCR group. The only statistically significant feature from the primary tumor among patients with pCR and npCR was Morphological_Compacity-T (AUC: 0.666). Between response groups, a significant difference was detected in 2 morphological, 1 intensity, 4 texture features from VOI-PT; no correlation was found between Morphological_Compacity-PT and NGTDM_contrast-PT. The obtained radiomic model's sensitivity and accuracy values were calculated as 61.9% and 75.8%, respectively (AUC: 0.786). When HER2 status was added, sensitivity and accuracy values of the patho-radiomic model increased to 85.7% and 81.8%, respectively (AUC: 0.903).

CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of PET peritumoral radiomic features together with the primary tumor, rather than just the primary tumor, provides a better prediction of the pCR to NAC in patients with breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38526962,
year = {2024},
author = {Hauschildt, KE and Messersmith, J and Iwashyna, TJ},
title = {Inequities in Indirect Cost Rates Between Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Other Institutions.},
journal = {Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/ACM.0000000000005717},
pmid = {38526962},
issn = {1938-808X},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Federal research grants provide support for the indirect costs (IDCs) of research infrastructure that are not specific to particular research projects but are nonetheless essential to enable research. Institutions independently negotiate IDC rates. The authors sought to identify whether inequities exist in negotiated IDC rates between historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) and other universities (non-HBCUs).

METHOD: In 2023, the authors analyzed mean negotiated IDC rates between the top 20 HBCUs (in fiscal year [FY] 2021 research expenditures) and 3 non-HBCU comparison groups: the top 40 non-HBCUs in FY 2021 research expenditures, metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-matched non-HBCUs (among the top 200 institutions by FY 2021 research expenditures), and FY 2021 research expenditure-matched non-HBCUs.

RESULTS: The authors found that the top 20 HBCUs' mean IDC rates (50.0%) were, after adjustment, 8.5 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.7, 11.2) lower than those of the top 40 non-HBCUs (58.5%). The mean IDC rates of top HBCUs (n = 14, 48.4%) were, after adjustment, 6.3 percentage points (95% CI 3.1, 9.4) lower than those of MSA-matched non-HBCUs (n = 23, 55.3%). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean IDC rates between the top 20 HBCUs (50.0%) and expenditure-matched non-HBCUs (n = 31; 48.2%).

CONCLUSIONS: Inequities in negotiated IDC rates between top HBCUs and non-HBCUs likely both reflect and may contribute to the persistence of institution-level inequities in federally funded research. Proactive investments in HBCUs' research infrastructures are likely needed to ameliorate these funding inequities and support the role of HBCUs in providing opportunity for underrepresented groups in biomedical sciences.},
}

@article {pmid38525191,
year = {2024},
author = {Lopez-Vazquez, P and Fernandez-Caggiano, M and Barge-Caballero, E and Barge-Caballero, G and Couto-Mallon, D and Grille-Cancela, Z and Blanco-Canosa, P and Paniagua-Martin, MJ and Enriquez-Vazquez, D and Vazquez-Rodriguez, JM and Domenech, N and Crespo-Leiro, MG},
title = {Reduced mitochondrial pyruvate carrier expression in hearts with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction patients: ischemic vs. non-ischemic origin.},
journal = {Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine},
volume = {11},
number = {},
pages = {1349417},
pmid = {38525191},
issn = {2297-055X},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) mediates the entry of pyruvate into mitochondria, determining whether pyruvate is incorporated into the Krebs cycle or metabolized in the cytosol. In heart failure (HF), a large amount of pyruvate is metabolized to lactate in the cytosol rather than being oxidized inside the mitochondria. Thus, MPC activity or expression might play a key role in the fate of pyruvate during HF. The purpose of this work was to study the levels of the two subunits of this carrier, named MPC1 and MPC2, in human hearts with HF of different etiologies.

METHODS: Protein and mRNA expression analyses were conducted in cardiac tissues from three donor groups: patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), and donors without cardiac pathology (Control). MPC2 plasma levels were determined by ELISA.

RESULTS: Significant reductions in the levels of MPC1, MPC2, and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) were observed in ICM patients compared with the levels in the Control group. However, no statistically significant differences were revealed in the analysis of MPC1 and MPC2 gene expression among the groups. Interestingly, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) subunits expression were increased in the ICM patients. In the case of IDC patients, a significant decrease in MPC1 was observed only when compared with the Control group. Notably, plasma MPC2 levels were found to be elevated in both disease groups compared with that in the Control group.

CONCLUSION: Decreases in MPC1 and/or MPC2 levels were detected in the cardiac tissues of HFrEF patients, with ischemic or idiopatic origen, indicating a potential reduction in mitochondrial pyruvate uptake in the heart, which could be linked to unfavorable clinical features.},
}

@article {pmid38523415,
year = {2024},
author = {Seth, A and Slama, EM},
title = {Delayed Diagnosis of Inflammatory Breast Cancer Presenting as Acute Mastitis in a Patient One Month Postpartum.},
journal = {The American surgeon},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {31348241241736},
doi = {10.1177/00031348241241736},
pmid = {38523415},
issn = {1555-9823},
abstract = {Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive form of invasive ductal carcinoma, with a poor prognosis and decreased 5-year survival rates. Characteristic findings for IBC include rapid onset of breast edema, peau d'orange appearance, and involvement of the breast skin. Additionally, diagnosis is confirmed with a skin punch biopsy. With such nonspecific features, IBC can be mistaken for benign etiologies, causing delays in diagnosis and treatment. This patient is a 44-year-old woman presenting with left breast swelling while concurrently breastfeeding. Following antibiotic treatment but no symptom resolution, the patient was referred out for further follow-up. Despite multiple imaging studies, suggesting benign findings, clinical suspicion prompted continued evaluation and finally diagnosis of triple-negative inflammatory breast cancer with distant metastases. Further awareness of the presentation of IBC and its mimicking of other disease processes such as mastitis is paramount to earlier detection and improved outcomes in future patients.},
}

@article {pmid38523303,
year = {2024},
author = {Yanase, Y and Bando, H and Sato, R and Matsuo, T and Ueda, A and Okazaki, M and Hashimoto, S and Iguchi-Manaka, A and Hara, H},
title = {Recurrent severe hypocalcemia following chemotherapy regimen changes in advanced breast cancer: two case reports.},
journal = {Journal of medical case reports},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {150},
pmid = {38523303},
issn = {1752-1947},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As an oncologic emergency related to abnormalities in calcium metabolism, hypercalcemia associated with paraneoplastic syndrome and bone metastases is well known. Meanwhile, the incidence of hypocalcemia is low, except in cases associated with bone-modifying agents used for bone metastases. Hypocalcemia induced by bone-modifying agents typically occurs early after the initial administration, and its incidence can be significantly reduced by preventive administration of calcium and vitamin D3 supplements.

CASE REPORT: We report two cases of recurrent severe hypocalcemia occurring during chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer with multiple bone metastases. Case 1: A 35-year-old Japanese woman developed metastases in the bone, liver, and ovaries during postoperative endocrine therapy for invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. She underwent chemotherapy and treatment with denosumab. She experienced recurrent episodes of severe hypocalcemia subsequent to a change in the chemotherapy regimen. Case 2: A 65-year-old Japanese woman encountered multiple bone metastases after postoperative anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 therapy and during endocrine therapy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. She underwent anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 therapy and treatment with denosumab. She experienced recurrent severe hypocalcemia subsequent to a change in the chemotherapy regimen to letrozole + lapatinib, trastuzumab emtansine, and lapatinib + capecitabine.

CONCLUSIONS: We observed two cases of recurrent severe hypocalcemia in patients with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases after modifications to their therapy regimens. These cases differed from the typical hypocalcemia induced by bone-modifying agents. It is possible that antitumor drugs affect calcium and bone metabolism associated with bone metastases. While these cases are rare, it is crucial for oncologists to be aware of hypocalcemia not only at the initiation of bone-modifying agents but also throughout the entire antitumor therapy, as hypocalcemia can lead to fatal outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid38517441,
year = {2024},
author = {Garza, KY and King, ME and Nagi, C and DeHoog, RJ and Zhang, J and Sans, M and Krieger, A and Feider, CL and Bensussan, AV and Keating, MF and Lin, JQ and Sun, MW and Tibshirani, R and Pirko, C and Brahmbhatt, KA and Al-Fartosi, AR and Thompson, AM and Bonefas, E and Suliburk, J and Carter, SA and Eberlin, LS},
title = {Intraoperative Evaluation of Breast Tissues During Breast Cancer Operations Using the MasSpec Pen.},
journal = {JAMA network open},
volume = {7},
number = {3},
pages = {e242684},
pmid = {38517441},
issn = {2574-3805},
mesh = {Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/surgery/pathology ; Margins of Excision ; Breast/surgery/pathology ; Mastectomy ; Mass Spectrometry ; },
abstract = {IMPORTANCE: Surgery with complete tumor resection remains the main treatment option for patients with breast cancer. Yet, current technologies are limited in providing accurate assessment of breast tissue in vivo, warranting development of new technologies for surgical guidance.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the MasSpec Pen for accurate intraoperative assessment of breast tissues and surgical margins based on metabolic and lipid information.

In this diagnostic study conducted between February 23, 2017, and August 19, 2021, the mass spectrometry-based device was used to analyze healthy breast and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) banked tissue samples from adult patients undergoing breast surgery for ductal carcinomas or nonmalignant conditions. Fresh-frozen tissue samples and touch imprints were analyzed in a laboratory. Intraoperative in vivo and ex vivo breast tissue analyses were performed by surgical staff in operating rooms (ORs) within 2 different hospitals at the Texas Medical Center. Molecular data were used to build statistical classifiers.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Prediction results of tissue analyses from classification models were compared with gross assessment, frozen section analysis, and/or final postoperative pathology to assess accuracy.

RESULTS: All data acquired from the 143 banked tissue samples, including 79 healthy breast and 64 IDC tissues, were included in the statistical analysis. Data presented rich molecular profiles of healthy and IDC banked tissue samples, with significant changes in relative abundances observed for several metabolic species. Statistical classifiers yielded accuracies of 95.6%, 95.5%, and 90.6% for training, validation, and independent test sets, respectively. A total of 25 participants enrolled in the clinical, intraoperative study; all were female, and the median age was 58 years (IQR, 44-66 years). Intraoperative testing of the technology was successfully performed by surgical staff during 25 breast operations. Of 273 intraoperative analyses performed during 25 surgical cases, 147 analyses from 22 cases were subjected to statistical classification. Testing of the classifiers on 147 intraoperative mass spectra yielded 95.9% agreement with postoperative pathology results.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings of this diagnostic study suggest that the mass spectrometry-based system could be clinically valuable to surgeons and patients by enabling fast molecular-based intraoperative assessment of in vivo and ex vivo breast tissue samples and surgical margins.},
}

Adult
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Male
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/surgery/pathology
Margins of Excision
Breast/surgery/pathology
Mastectomy
Mass Spectrometry

@article {pmid38512628,
year = {2024},
author = {Rescinito, G and Brunetti, N and Garlaschi, A and Tosto, S and Gristina, L and Conti, B and Pieroni, D and Calabrese, M and Tagliafico, AS},
title = {Long-term outcome of 9G MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: results of 293 single-center procedures and underestimation rate of high-risk lesions over 12 years.},
journal = {La Radiologia medica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {38512628},
issn = {1826-6983},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect some malignant lesions that are not visible on mammography (MX) or ultrasound (US). If a targeted, second-look fails, MRI-guided breast biopsy is the only available tool to obtain a tissue sample and pathological proof of these "MRI-only lesions". The aim of this study is to report the performance and underestimation rate of 9G MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) over 12 years at a single center.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: All 9G MRI-VABB procedures performed from January 2010 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Two MRI scanners (1.5 T and 3 T) were used with the same image resolution and contrast media. All suspicious lesions detected only by breast MRI underwent biopsy. Reference standard was histological diagnosis or at least 1-year negative follow-up. All malignant and atypical lesions underwent surgery, which was used as the reference standard.

RESULTS: A total of 293 biopsies were retrospectively reviewed. Histopathological VABB results revealed 142/293 (48.4%) benign lesions, 77/293 (26.2%) high-risk lesions, and 74/293 (25.2%) malignant lesions. No significant complications were observed. Surgical pathology results allowed for the reclassification of n = 7/48 B3b lesions: n = 4 were ductal carcinoma in situ, while n = 3 presented invasive features at surgical histology (2 IDC; 1 ILC). B3b underestimation occurred overall in 14.6% of B3 cases. Breast follow-up was achieved for all benign VABB results, and only one false-negative case was observed.

CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that 1.5 T and 3 T MRI-guided VABB is an accurate and safe procedure for histopathologic final diagnosis of MRI-only lesions. Critical issues remain the potential high-risk underestimation rate of B3b VABB results and management of follow-up of benign lesions.},
}

@article {pmid38509907,
year = {2024},
author = {Yaqing, X and Yang, G and Linlin, Y and Youqing, R and Henghui, Y and Ping, Y and Hongying, Y and Shaojia, W},
title = {Identification of different subtypes of ovarian cancer and construction of prognostic models based on glutamine-metabolism associated genes.},
journal = {Heliyon},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {e27358},
pmid = {38509907},
issn = {2405-8440},
abstract = {Ovarian cancer (OC) is common malignant tumor of female reproductive system. Glutamine metabolism-related genes (GMRGs) play a key role in ovarian cancer. Here, available database-- The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were applied in our research. OC samples from TCGA were divided into different clusters based on Cox analysis, which filtering GMRGs with survival information. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these clusters were intersected with DEGs between normal ovary samples and OC samples, and GMRGs in order to obtain GMRGs-related DEGs. Next, a risk model of OC was constructed and enrichment analysis of risk model was performed based on hallmark gene set. Besides, the immune cells ratio in OC samples were detected via Cell type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT). Finally, we explored a series of potential biomarkers of OC. In this research, 9 GMRGs-related DEGs were obtained. GMRGs-related DEGs were enriched to canonical Wnt signaling pathway.NKD2, C2orf88, and KLHDC8A, which were significantly associated with prognosis, were retained for risk model construction. Based on the risk model, 18 hallmark pathways with significant difference were enriched. Fifteen types of immune cells (such as iDC, NK CD56dim cells, and neutrophils) enjoying significant difference between these 2 risk groups (high risk group vs. low risk group) were detected, which indicates possible disparate TME in different metabolic subtypes of ovarian cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38507631,
year = {2024},
author = {Feizi, I and Isazadehfar, K and Sadegzadeh, F and Farshadi, P},
title = {Histopathological Feature of Early-Onset Breast Cancer: A Comparative Analysis.},
journal = {The international tinnitus journal},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {167-173},
doi = {10.5935/0946-5448.20230026},
pmid = {38507631},
issn = {0946-5448},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women. In some reports, it has been specified that the diagnosis of breast cancer at an earlier ages worsens the prognosis; this can be attributed to a combination of factors such as advanced stage of disease and late demonstration. Considering different results in last studies, this study's aim was investigation of breast cancer histopathology in two age groups of women under and above 40 years old.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 64 patients with breast cancer referring to hospitals during 2014 and 2015 years. All histopathologic information is collected from patient's cases. Data were compared in two age groups with equal T. Also, the levels of axillary lymph nodes involvement were evaluated in the equal T for both groups.

RESULTS: We evaluated 64 patients, 71.9% of them were over 40 years old and 28.1% were under 40 years of age. The most common type of tumor was invasive ductal carcinoma. Involvement of the axillary lymph nodes in the equal T was significantly higher in patients less than 40 years of age (p 0.005) than patients over 40 years old (T=1 and T=2) (p=0.032 and p=0.05).

CONCLUSION: Our study signified that in equal T rates the level of axillary lymph nodes involvement in patients younger than 40 years old is higher than those older than 40 years of age. Therefore, breast cancer at early ages is associated with a worse prognosis.},
}

@article {pmid38499660,
year = {2024},
author = {Seifert, L and Létocart, A and Guignard, B and Regaieg, MA},
title = {Effect of breathing conditions on relationships between impairment, breathing laterality and coordination symmetry in elite para swimmers.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {6456},
pmid = {38499660},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {ANR-19-STHP-0004//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; *Functional Laterality ; Respiration ; *Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena ; Swimming ; Arm ; Vision Disorders ; },
abstract = {The aim was to investigate the effect of breathing conditions and swimming pace on the relationships between the impairment, the breathing laterality and motor coordination symmetry in elite front crawl Para swimmers. Fifteen elite Para swimmers with unilateral physical impairment or with visual impairment and unilateral breathing preference performed eight 25 m using four breathing conditions (every three strokes, every two strokes on preferred and non-preferred breathing side and apnea) at slow and fast paces in a randomized order. Multicamera video system and five sensors have been used to assess arm and leg stroke phases and to compute symmetry of arm coordination (SIIdC) and of leg kick rate (SIKR). Our findings emphasized motor coordination asymmetry whatever the breathing conditions and swimming paces, highlighting the influence of impairment. Multinomial logistic regression exhibited a high probability for motor coordination asymmetry (SIIdC and SIKR) to be present in categories of Para swimmers with impairment and breathing laterality on the same side, suggesting the joined effect of unilateral impairment and unilateral breathing. Moreover, unilateral physical impairment and breathing laterality could also occur on different sides and generate motor coordination asymmetry on different sides and different levels (arms vs. legs). Finally, visual impairment seems amplify the effect of unilateral breathing on motor coordination asymmetry.},
}

Humans
Biomechanical Phenomena
*Functional Laterality
Respiration
*Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena
Swimming
Arm
Vision Disorders

@article {pmid38497796,
year = {2024},
author = {Ward, K and Selvarajah, G and Al-Omishy, H and Sait, M and Khan, HN and McEvoy, K and Robertson, S},
title = {Surgical outcomes of total duct excision in the diagnosis and management of nipple discharge.},
journal = {Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1308/rcsann.2022.0093},
pmid = {38497796},
issn = {1478-7083},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Total duct excision (TDE) is performed for the diagnosis and management of nipple discharge. The Association of Breast Surgery's recent guidelines recommend considering diagnostic surgery for single-duct, blood-stained or clear nipple discharge, and for symptomatic management.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the diagnostic and surgical outcomes of all cases of TDE between January 2013 and November 2019.

RESULTS: In total, 259 TDEs were carried out: 219 for nipple discharge, 29 for recurrent mastitis, 3 for screening abnormalities and 8 for breast lumps. Of the nipple discharge group, 121 had blood-stained discharge. Mean patient age was 52 years (range 19-81). Median follow-up time was 45 months (interquartile range 24-63). The following cases were identified on histopathology: 236 benign breast changes, 10 atypical ductal hyperplasia, 4 lobular carcinoma in situ, 2 low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), 3 intermediate-grade DCIS, 2 high-grade DCIS and 2 invasive ductal carcinomas. In total, 3.5% of patients who underwent TDE had a diagnosis of DCIS or invasive carcinoma. Blood-stained discharge was associated with a significant increase in risk of DCIS or carcinoma compared with other nipple discharge colours (p = 0.043). The most common complications of TDE were infection, poor wound healing and haematoma. Nipple discharge recurred in 14.2% of cases.

CONCLUSIONS: TDE can be considered for the diagnostics and management of nipple discharge. Blood-stained nipple discharge increases the risk of DCIS or malignancy, but the majority of the time TDE reveals benign breast pathology.},
}

@article {pmid38485913,
year = {2024},
author = {Heidari, N and Abbasi-Kenarsari, H and Niknam, B and Asadirad, A and Amani, D and Mirsanei, Z and Hashemi, SM},
title = {Exosomes Derived from Heat-shocked Tumor Cells Promote In vitro Maturation of Bone Marrow-derived Dendritic Cells.},
journal = {Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology},
volume = {23},
number = {1},
pages = {97-106},
doi = {10.18502/ijaai.v23i1.14957},
pmid = {38485913},
issn = {1735-5249},
mesh = {*Exosomes ; Dendritic Cells ; Bone Marrow ; T-Lymphocytes ; Coculture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; },
abstract = {Dendritic cells (DCs), professional antigen-presenting cells that process and deliver antigens using MHC II/I molecules, can be enhanced in numerous ways. Exosomes derived from heat-shocked tumor cells (HS-TEXs) contain high amounts of heat-shock proteins (HSPs). HSPs, as chaperons, can induce DC maturation. This study aimed to investigate whether HS-TEXs can promote DC maturation. To generate DC, bone marrow-derived cells were treated with Interleukin-4 and GM-CSF. Exosomes were isolated from heat-treated CT-26 cells. The expression level of HSP in exosomes was checked by western blot and the increase in the expression of this protein was observed. Then, HS-TEXs were co-cultured with iDCs to determine DC maturity, and then DCs were co-cultured with lymphocytes to determine DC activity. Our results showed that DCs treated with HS-TEXs express high levels of molecules involved in DC maturation and function including MHCII, CD40, CD83, and CD86. HS-TEXs caused phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs. In addition, flow cytometric results reflected a higher proliferative response of lymphocytes in the iDC / Tex + HSP group. HS-TEXs could be used as a strategy to improve DC maturation and activation.},
}

*Exosomes
Dendritic Cells
Bone Marrow
T-Lymphocytes
Coculture Techniques
Cell Differentiation

@article {pmid38485644,
year = {2024},
author = {Shi, Y and Wang, H and Golijanin, B and Amin, A and Lee, J and Sikov, M and Hyams, E and Pareek, G and Carneiro, BA and Mega, AE and Lagos, GG and Wang, L and Wang, Z and Cheng, L},
title = {Ductal, intraductal, and cribriform carcinoma of the prostate: Molecular characteristics and clinical management.},
journal = {Urologic oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.01.037},
pmid = {38485644},
issn = {1873-2496},
abstract = {Prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma accounts for approximately 95% of prostate cancer (CaP) cases. The remaining 5% of histologic subtypes of CaP are known to be more aggressive and have recently garnered substantial attention. These histologic subtypes - namely, prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), and cribriform carcinoma of the prostate (CC-P) - typically exhibit distinct growth characteristics, genomic features, and unique oncologic outcomes. For example, PTEN mutations, which cause uncontrolled cell growth, are frequently present in IDC-P and CC-P. Germline mutations in homologous DNA recombination repair (HRR) genes (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALB2, and CHEK2) are discovered in 40% of patients with IDC-P, while only 9% of patients without ductal involvement had a germline mutation. CC-P is associated with deletions in common tumor suppressor genes, including PTEN, TP53, NKX3-1, MAP3K7, RB1, and CHD1. Evidence suggests abiraterone may be superior to docetaxel as a first-line treatment for patients with IDC-P. To address these and other critical pathological attributes, this review examines the molecular pathology, genetics, treatments, and oncologic outcomes associated with CC-P, PDA, and IDC-P with the objective of creating a comprehensive resource with a centralized repository of information on PDA, IDC-P, and CC-P.},
}

@article {pmid38483129,
year = {2024},
author = {Cheng, M and Jia, Z and Zhang, G and Wang, Y and Li, S and Yang, S and Li, C and Geng, C},
title = {Gastric metastasis from breast cancer: five cases and a single-institutional review.},
journal = {The Journal of international medical research},
volume = {52},
number = {3},
pages = {3000605241233988},
doi = {10.1177/03000605241233988},
pmid = {38483129},
issn = {1473-2300},
abstract = {Gastric metastasis from breast cancer has a high rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Data of patients who had gastric metastasis from breast cancer were retrieved from our hospital between 2014 and 2020. The gastric metastasis from breast cancer incidence was 0.04% (5/14,169 cases of breast cancer). Four patients had invasive lobular carcinoma, and the other patient had invasive ductal carcinoma. The time from the initial diagnosis of breast cancer to the appearance of gastric metastasis ranged from 0 to 12 years. One patient's endoscopic presentation was similar to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and presented with gastric mucosal congestion and edema, widened wrinkles, mixed color fading, and redness. The initial pathological diagnosis of this patient was mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and breast cancer was finally confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Hormonal receptors were highly expressed in four patients with primary and metastasis lesions and were negative in one patient. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was negative in all patients. Mammaglobin and GATA3 were positive in all patients. In conclusion, the gastric metastasis of breast cancer incidence rate is low, and misdiagnosis can lead to insufficient or excessive treatment. Multiple biopsies and immunohistochemistry should be performed to diagnose gastric metastasis of breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38478781,
year = {2023},
author = {VanHoose, L and Eigsti, H},
title = {The Changing Landscape of Intercultural Mindset in 616 Doctor of Physical Therapy Students Over the Past 7 Years and the Implications for Doctor of Physical Therapy Cultural Competence Education.},
journal = {Journal, physical therapy education},
volume = {37},
number = {4},
pages = {271-277},
doi = {10.1097/JTE.0000000000000303},
pmid = {38478781},
issn = {1938-3533},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: This prospective longitudinal study will report the results of a quantitative analysis of the change in Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) scores and the distribution of students in 5 orientations along the Intercultural Developmental Continuum (IDC) in 8 cohorts of Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students during their academic preparation.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE: The expanding interest in developing intercultural sensitivity in an increasingly more complex and diverse health care environment calls for the dissemination of research on the effectiveness of innovative curricular models that include psychometrically strong outcome measures. Research suggests that health care providers can develop intercultural sensitivity when provided with didactic knowledge, experiential learning, self-reflection, mentoring, and a systematic individualized development plan.

SUBJECTS: The participants were from a sample of convenience of 616 DPT students from the graduating classes of 2015-2022.

METHODS: The study is a repeated-measure design. The IDI was selected to guide targeted intervention and assessment of intercultural sensitivity at an individual level and group level and was administered in semesters 3 and 8 as part of the DPT program course requirements.

RESULTS: There was significant improvement in the IDI Perceived and Developmental Orientation (DO; P < .001) scores between semesters 3 and 8. There was a significant change (P = .0001) in the distribution of students along the 5 DOs of the IDC with 10% of students regressing 1 orientation, 51.7% of students remaining the same, 33.3% of students advancing 1 orientation, and 5% of students advancing 2 orientations along the IDC. Nearly 40% of participants had a positive shift along the IDC.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that intercultural sensitivity or mindset, as measured by the IDI, can be developed in DPT students who participate in a targeted intercultural development curriculum based on the Process Model of Cultural Competence by Deardorff and the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity by Bennett.},
}

@article {pmid38476685,
year = {2024},
author = {Kohlhase, DR and O'Rourke, JA and Graham, MA},
title = {GmGLU1 and GmRR4 contribute to iron deficiency tolerance in soybean.},
journal = {Frontiers in plant science},
volume = {15},
number = {},
pages = {1295952},
pmid = {38476685},
issn = {1664-462X},
abstract = {Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a form of abiotic stress that negatively impacts soybean yield. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the historical IDC quantitative trait locus (QTL) on soybean chromosome Gm03 was composed of four distinct linkage blocks, each containing candidate genes for IDC tolerance. Here, we take advantage of virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to validate the function of three high-priority candidate genes, each corresponding to a different linkage block in the Gm03 IDC QTL. We built three single-gene constructs to target GmGLU1 (GLUTAMATE SYNTHASE 1, Glyma.03G128300), GmRR4 (RESPONSE REGULATOR 4, Glyma.03G130000), and GmbHLH38 (beta Helix Loop Helix 38, Glyma.03G130400 and Glyma.03G130600). Given the polygenic nature of the iron stress tolerance trait, we also silenced the genes in combination. We built two constructs targeting GmRR4+GmGLU1 and GmbHLH38+GmGLU1. All constructs were tested on the iron-efficient soybean genotype Clark grown in iron-sufficient conditions. We observed significant decreases in soil plant analysis development (SPAD) measurements using the GmGLU1 construct and both double constructs, with potential additive effects in the GmRR4+GmGLU1 construct. Whole genome expression analyses (RNA-seq) revealed a wide range of affected processes including known iron stress responses, defense and hormone signaling, photosynthesis, and cell wall structure. These findings highlight the importance of GmGLU1 in soybean iron stress responses and provide evidence that IDC is truly a polygenic trait, with multiple genes within the QTL contributing to IDC tolerance. Finally, we conducted BLAST analyses to demonstrate that the Gm03 IDC QTL is syntenic across a broad range of plant species.},
}

@article {pmid38471320,
year = {2024},
author = {Niu, Q and Li, H and Du, L and Wang, R and Lin, J and Chen, A and Jia, C and Jin, L and Li, F},
title = {Development of a Multi-Parametric ultrasonography nomogram for prediction of invasiveness in ductal carcinoma in situ.},
journal = {European journal of radiology},
volume = {175},
number = {},
pages = {111415},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111415},
pmid = {38471320},
issn = {1872-7727},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate the independent risk variables associated with the potential invasiveness of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on multi-parametric ultrasonography, and further construct a nomogram for risk assessment.

METHODS: Consecutive patients from January 2017 to December 2022 who were suspected of having ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) based on magnetic resonance imaging or mammography were prospectively enrolled. Histopathological findings after surgical resection served as the gold standard. Grayscale ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, shear wave elastography (SWE), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations were preoperative performed. Binary logistic regression was used for multifactorial analysis to identify independent risk factors from multi-parametric ultrasonography. The correlation between independent risk factors and pathological prognostic markers was analyzed. The predictive efficacy of DCIS associated with invasiveness was assessed by logistic analysis, and a nomogram was established.

RESULTS: A total of 250 DCIS lesions were enrolled from 249 patients, comprising 85 pure DCIS and 165 DCIS with invasion (DCIS-IDC), of which 41 exhibited micro-invasion. The multivariate analysis identified independent risk factors for DCIS with invasion on multi-parametric ultrasonography, including image size (>2cm), Doppler ultrasound RI (≥0.72), SWE's Emax (≥66.4 kPa), hyper-enhancement, centripetal enhancement, increased surrounding vessel, and no contrast agent retention on CEUS. These factors correlated with histological grade, Ki-67, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (P < 0.1). The multi-parametric ultrasound approach demonstrated good predictive performance (sensitivity 89.7 %, specificity 73.8 %, AUC 0.903), surpassing single US modality or combinations with SWE or CEUS modalities. Utilizing these factors, a predictive nomogram achieved a respectable performance (AUC of 0.889) for predicting DCIS with invasion. Additionally, a separate nomogram for predicting DCIS with micro-invasion, incorporating independent risk factors such as RI (≥0.72), SWE's Emax (≥65.2 kPa), and centripetal enhancement, demonstrated an AUC of 0.867.

CONCLUSION: Multi-parametric ultrasonography demonstrates good discriminatory ability in predicting both DCIS with invasion and micro-invasion through the analysis of lesion morphology, stiffness, neovascular architecture, and perfusion. The use of a nomogram based on ultrasonographic images offers an intuitive and effective method for assessing the risk of invasion in DCIS. Although the nomogram is not currently considered a clinically applicable diagnostic tool due to its AUC being below the threshold of 0.9, further research and development are anticipated to yield positive outcomes and enhance its viability for clinical utilization.},
}

@article {pmid38469751,
year = {2024},
author = {Abazari, R and Sanati, S and Stelmachowski, P and Wang, Q and Krawczuk, A and Goscianska, J and Liu, M},
title = {Water-Stable Pillared Three-Dimensional Zn-V Bimetal-Organic Framework for Promoted Electrocatalytic Urea Oxidation.},
journal = {Inorganic chemistry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00053},
pmid = {38469751},
issn = {1520-510X},
abstract = {Urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is one of the potential routes in which urea-rich wastewater is used as a source of energy for hydrogen production. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have promising applications in electrocatalytic processes, although there are still challenges in identifying the MOFs' molecular regulation and obtaining practical catalytic systems. The current study sought to synthesize [Zn6(IDC)4(OH)2(Hprz)2]n (Zn-MOF) with three symmetrically independent Zn(II) cations connected via linear N-donor piperazine (Hprz), rigid planar imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylate (IDC[3-]), and -OH ligands, revealing the 3,4T1 topology. The optimized noble-metal-free Zn0.33V0.66-MOF/NF electrocatalysts show higher robustness and performance compared to those of the parent Zn monometallic MOF/NF electrode and other bimetallic MOFs with different Zn-V molar ratios. The low potential of 1.42 V (vs RHE) at 50 mA cm[-2] in 1.0 M KOH with 0.33 M urea required by the developed Zn0.33V0.66-MOF electrode makes its application in the UOR more feasible. The availability of more exposed active sites, ion diffusion path, and higher conductivity result from the distinctive configuration of the synthesized electrocatalyst, which is highly stable and capable of synergistic effects, consequently enhancing the desired reaction. The current research contributes to introducing a practical, cost-effective, and sustainable solution to decompose urea-rich wastewater and produce hydrogen.},
}

@article {pmid38468604,
year = {2024},
author = {Cappiello, A and Abate, F and Adamo, S and Tepedino, MF and Donisi, L and Ricciardi, C and Avallone, AR and Caterino, M and Cuoco, S and Pellecchia, MT and Amboni, M and Barone, P and Erro, R and Picillo, M},
title = {Direct Current Stimulation of Prefrontal Cortex Is Not Effective in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Randomized Trial.},
journal = {Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/mds.29774},
pmid = {38468604},
issn = {1531-8257},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare 4R-tauopathy. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may improve specific symptoms.

OBJECTIVES: This randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial aimed at verifying the short-, mid-, and long-term effect of multiple sessions of anodal tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) cortex in PSP.

METHODS: Twenty-five patients were randomly assigned to active or sham stimulation (2 mA for 20 minute) for 5 days/week for 2 weeks. Participants underwent assessments at baseline, after the 2-week stimulation protocol, then after 45 days and 3 months from baseline. Primary outcomes were verbal and semantic fluency. The efficacy was verified with analysis of covariance.

RESULTS: We failed to detect a significant effect of active stimulation on primary outcomes. Stimulation was associated to worsening of specific behavioral complaints.

CONCLUSIONS: A 2-week protocol of anodal left DLPFC tDCS is not effective in PSP. Specific challenges in running symptomatic clinical trials with classic design are highlighted. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.},
}

@article {pmid38466719,
year = {2024},
author = {Njee, RM and Imeda, CP and Ali, SM and Mushi, AK and Mbata, DD and Kapala, AW and Makundi, EA and Nyigo, VA and Majura, AM and Akyoo, WO and Mbatia, YJ and Baraka, GT and Msovela, JM and Ngadaya, ES and Senkoro, MF and Malebo, HM},
title = {Menstrual health and hygiene knowledge among post menarche adolescent school girls in urban and rural Tanzania.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {19},
number = {3},
pages = {e0284072},
pmid = {38466719},
issn = {1932-6203},
abstract = {Adolescent girls' capacity to lead healthy lives and perform well in school has been hampered by their lack of awareness about menstruation and the requirements for its hygienic management. Lack of enabling infrastructure, improper menstrual supplies, and limited socioeconomic support for good menstrual health and cleanliness are characteristics of schools in Africa South of the Sahara. We evaluated school-age girls' knowledge of menstrual hygiene and identified bottlenecks that could affect policy and programming for menstrual health and hygiene. A school-based cross-sectional study involved 8,012 adolescent school girls in the age group of 11-18 years (mean age = 14.9 years). The study evaluated students' knowledge of menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) from the viewpoints of schools and communities using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data was collected using self-administered surveys, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and site observations. Girls' older age (AOR = 1.62, P 0.001), having a female guardian (AOR = 1.39: P = 001), and having a parent in a formal job (AOR = 1.03: P 0.023) were positively associated with Menstrual health and Hygiene Knowledge. MHH knowledge levels varied significantly between girls attending government (53.3) and non-government schools (50.5%, P = 0.0001), although they were comparable for girls attending rural and urban schools. Only 21% of the study's schools had at least one instructor who had received training in MHH instruction for students. We have established that the majority of adolescent girls in schools have inadequate knowledge on menstrual health and hygiene, and that school teachers lack the skills to prepare and support young adolescents as they transition into puberty. Concerted actions aimed at building supportive policy are paramount, for school-aged teenagers to learn about and reap the long-term advantages of good menstrual health practices.},
}

@article {pmid38461375,
year = {2024},
author = {Turhan, Ş and Sultan, DAO and Altuner, EM and Kurnaz, A and Bakır, TK and Altamemi, RAA},
title = {Determination of radon concentrations and physicochemical parameters of non-alcoholic carbonated beverages consumed in Türkiye and assessment of radiological health risk.},
journal = {International journal of environmental health research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-11},
doi = {10.1080/09603123.2024.2327530},
pmid = {38461375},
issn = {1369-1619},
abstract = {The strategy for controlling the existence of radionuclides in drinking water depends upon an individual dose criterion (IDC) of 0.1 mSv/y, which represents a very low level of risk that is not expected to cause any identified adverse health effects. Radon gas, considered a carcinogenic radionuclide, can dissolve and accumulate in drinking water. Non-alcoholic carbonated beverages (NACBs), which mainly contain drinking water, phosphoric acid, citric acid, caffeine, and sugar, represent one of the most consumed groups worldwide and in Türkiye. In this study, the radon activity concentration and some physicochemical characteristics of 45 NACB samples from 24 most preferred commercial brands in Türkiye were determined to assess the radiological health risk associated with the ingestion of these samples. Radon activity concentrations measured in NACB samples using the AlphaGUARD radon analyzer ranged from 22.8 ± 0.7 to 54.9 ± 1.7 mBq/L. The pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and brix values in NACB samples ranged from 2.31 to 7.29, 401 to 3281 μSv/cm, 355 to 2453 mg/L, and 0.10 to 12.95%, respectively. Total (ingestion and inhalation) annual effective doses and the corresponding excess lifetime cancer risks estimated for adults to assess the radiological health risk are significantly below the IDC and advised safety limit (10[-3]), respectively.},
}

@article {pmid38455655,
year = {2024},
author = {Lorza-Gil, E and Ekim, B and Sancar, G},
title = {Editorial: Organ crosstalk in the pathophysiology and treatment of type-2 diabetes.},
journal = {Frontiers in endocrinology},
volume = {15},
number = {},
pages = {1379994},
pmid = {38455655},
issn = {1664-2392},
}

@article {pmid38451627,
year = {2024},
author = {Saeed, U and Uppal, R and Khan, AA and Uppal, MR and Piracha, ZZ and Uppal, SR},
title = {Analytical assessment of clinical sensitivity and specificities of pharmaceutical rapid SARS-CoV-2 detection nasopharyngeal swab testing kits in Pakistan.},
journal = {Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia},
volume = {84},
number = {},
pages = {e265550},
doi = {10.1590/1519-6984.265550},
pmid = {38451627},
issn = {1678-4375},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/diagnosis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nasopharynx/virology ; Pakistan ; Pandemics ; *SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; *Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; },
abstract = {Despite of the global unity against COVID-19 pandemic, the threat of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the lives of human being is still not over. SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has urged the need of rapid viral detection at earliest. To cope with gradually expanding scenario of SARS-CoV-2, accurate diagnosis is extremely crucial factor which should be noticed by international health organizations. Limited research followed by sporadic marketing of SARS-CoV-2 rapid pharmaceutical detection kits raises critical questions against quality assurance and quality control measures. Herein we aimed to interrogate effectivity and specificity analysis of SARS-CoV-2 pharmaceutical rapid detection kits (nasopharyngeal swab based) using conventional gold standard triple target real-time polymerase chain reaction (USFDA approved). A cross-sectional study was conducted over 1500 suspected SARS-CoV-2 patients. 100 real time-PCR confirmed patients were evaluated for pharmaceutical RDT kits based upon nasopharyngeal swab based kits. The SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab based rapid diagnostic kit (NSP RDTs) analysis showed 78% reactivity. Among real time PCR confirmed negative subjects, 49.3% represented false positivity. The positive predictive analysis revealed 67.82%, while negative predictive values were 64.40%. The NSP RDTs showed limited sensitivities and specificities as compared to gold standard real time PCR. Valid and authentic detection of SARS-CoV-2 is deemed necessary for accurate COVID-19 surveillance across the globe. Current study highlights the potential consequences of inadequate detection of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging novel mutants, compromising vaccine preventable diseases. Current study emphasizes need to wake higher authorities including strategic organizations for designing adequate measures to prevent future SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/diagnosis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Nasopharynx/virology
Pakistan
Pandemics
*SARS-CoV-2/genetics
*Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
Sensitivity and Specificity

@article {pmid38449417,
year = {2024},
author = {Yao, S and Goi, T and Takahashi, M and Kono, H and Yokoi, S and Maeda, H},
title = {[A Case Report of Metastatic Breast Cancer with Peritoneal Metastasis and Massive Ascites Responding to CDK4/6 Inhibitor(Palbociclib)].},
journal = {Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy},
volume = {51},
number = {2},
pages = {214-216},
pmid = {38449417},
issn = {0385-0684},
abstract = {A 52-year-old woman was presented with abdominal distension. Chest-abdominal CT showed some tumors in the left breast, enlarged axillary lymph nodes, ovary metastasis peritoneal thickening, a large amount of ascites. The diagnosis of needle biopsy in the breast mass was invasive ductal carcinoma, Luminal A type. The large amount of ascites decreased after the start of administration of fulvestrant and CDK4/6 inhibitor(PAL). Also chest and abdominal CT showed reduction of all lesions. We found the high expression of cyclin D1 protein and the negative of p16 protein in tissues of the needle biopsy. Fifty months later, she continues to do good ADL and PR status. We experienced a case of metastatic breast cancer with massive ascites and peritoneal metastasis that was successfully treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor(PAL)and achieved long- term survival.},
}

@article {pmid38446859,
year = {2024},
author = {Gaeta Gazzola, M and Carmichael, ID and Thompson, E and Beitel, M and Madden, LM and Saeed, G and Hoffman, K and Hammouri, M and Hsaio, C and Barry, DT},
title = {A Quantitative Examination of Illness Models Among People With Opioid Use Disorder Receiving Methadone Treatment.},
journal = {Journal of addiction medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {38446859},
issn = {1935-3227},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined illness models among people with addiction. We investigated illness models and their associations with demographics and treatment beliefs among patients receiving methadone treatment for opioid use disorder.

METHODS: From January 2019 to February 2020, patients receiving methadone treatment at outpatient opioid treatment programs provided demographics and rated using 1 to 7 Likert-type scales agreement with addiction illness models (brain disease model, chronic medical condition model [CMCM], and no explanation [NEM]) and treatment beliefs. Pairwise comparisons and multivariate regressions were used to examine associations between illness models, demographics, and treatment beliefs. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS: A total of 450 patients participated in the study. Forty percent self-identified as female, 13% as Hispanic, and 78% as White; mean age was 38.5 years. Brain disease model was the most frequently endorsed illness model (46.2%), followed by CMCM (41.7%) and NEM (21.9%). In multivariate analyses, agreement with brain disease model was significantly positively associated with beliefs that methadone treatment would be effective, counseling is important, and methadone is lifesaving, whereas agreement with CMCM was significantly positively associated with beliefs that methadone treatment would be effective, counseling is important, 12-step is the best treatment, taking methadone daily is important, and methadone is lifesaving. In multivariate analyses, agreement with NEM was negatively significantly associated with beliefs that methadone would be effective, counseling is important, taking methadone daily is important, and methadone is lifesaving.

DISCUSSION: Many patients in methadone treatment endorsed medicalized addiction models. Agreement with addiction illness models appear to be related to treatment beliefs.},
}

@article {pmid38439896,
year = {2024},
author = {Hu, J and Shen, Y and Zhang, K and Chen, Y},
title = {Germline RECQL gene mutations in Chinese patients with breast cancer.},
journal = {Frontiers in medicine},
volume = {11},
number = {},
pages = {1366769},
pmid = {38439896},
issn = {2296-858X},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, seriously threatening health and survival. TP-dependent DNA helicase Q1 (RECQL) is a breast cancer susceptibility gene with possible familial links. However, RECQL gene mutations among Chinese women with breast cancer have not been evaluated. Therefore, this study assessed RECQL mutations and their relationships with clinicopathological and epidemiological characteristics in Chinese women with breast cancer.

METHOD: Clinical information was also obtained via the hospital information system and a follow-up questionnaire. Peripheral venous blood (2 mL) was extracted from all patients and stored at -80°C for future use; the early venous blood samples were from our hospital's sample bank. RECQL gene sequencing were performed by the Shanghai Aishe Gene Company (China).

RESULTS: We found that a RECQL mutation is a susceptibility factor for breast cancer. Moreover, patients with RECQL mutations were more likely to have a family history of breast cancer than those without. Also, patients with RECQL variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were less likely to develop invasive ductal carcinoma than those without. In addition, unexplained RECQL mutations occurred more often in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2+ breast cancer than in those with other subtypes.

DISCUSSION: These results provide a basis for creating screening criteria specific to Chinese women. However, the frequency of RECQL mutations was low, and the number of pathogenic mutations was too small and could not be analyzed. Thus, more extensive, long-term studies that include other functional experiments are needed to verify these results.},
}

@article {pmid38438841,
year = {2024},
author = {Molière, S and Lodi, M and Leblanc, S and Gressel, A and Mathelin, C and Alpy, F and Chenard, MP and Tomasetto, C},
title = {MMP-11 expression in early luminal breast cancer: associations with clinical, MRI, pathological characteristics, and disease-free survival.},
journal = {BMC cancer},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {295},
pmid = {38438841},
issn = {1471-2407},
support = {ANR-10-IDEX-0002//IdEx Unistra/ ; ANR-10-IDEX-0002//IdEx Unistra/ ; ANR-10-IDEX-0002//IdEx Unistra/ ; ANR-17-EURE-0023//EUR IMCBio/ ; ANR-17-EURE-0023//EUR IMCBio/ ; ANR-17-EURE-0023//EUR IMCBio/ ; Ligue Contre le Cancer//Ligue Contre le Cancer/ ; Ligue Contre le Cancer//Ligue Contre le Cancer/ ; Ligue Contre le Cancer//Ligue Contre le Cancer/ ; SEVE (Sein et Vie)//SEVE (Sein et Vie)/ ; SEVE (Sein et Vie)//SEVE (Sein et Vie)/ ; SEVE (Sein et Vie)//SEVE (Sein et Vie)/ ; Alsace Contre le Cancer//Alsace Contre le Cancer/ ; Alsace Contre le Cancer//Alsace Contre le Cancer/ ; Alsace Contre le Cancer//Alsace Contre le Cancer/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Early hormone-positive breast cancers typically have favorable outcomes, yet long-term surveillance is crucial due to the risk of late recurrences. While many studies associate MMP-11 expression with poor prognosis in breast cancer, few focus on early-stage cases. This study explores MMP-11 as an early prognostic marker in hormone-positive breast cancers.

METHODS: In this retrospective study, 228 women with early hormone-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, treated surgically between 2011 and 2016, were included. MMP-11 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry, and its association with clinical and MRI data was analyzed.

RESULTS: Among the patients (aged 31-89, median 60, with average tumor size of 15.7 mm), MMP-11 staining was observed in half of the cases. This positivity correlated with higher uPA levels and tumor grade but not with nodal status or size. Furthermore, MMP-11 positivity showed specific associations with MRI features. Over a follow-up period of 6.5 years, only 12 oncological events occurred. Disease-free survival was linked to Ki67 and MMP-11.

CONCLUSION: MMP-11, primarily present in tumor-surrounding stromal cells, correlates with tumor grade and uPA levels. MMP-11 immunohistochemical score demonstrates a suggestive trend in association with disease-free survival, independent of Ki67 and other traditional prognostic factors. This highlights the potential of MMP-11 as a valuable marker in managing early hormone-positive breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38438204,
year = {2024},
author = {Omer, AA and Bin Dayel, SA and Hummedi, AS and Almuhaimed, NI},
title = {The epidemiological and clinicopathological features of breast cancer in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.},
journal = {Saudi medical journal},
volume = {45},
number = {3},
pages = {288-294},
doi = {10.15537/smj.2024.45.3.20230656},
pmid = {38438204},
issn = {1658-3175},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To investigate the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of breast cancer (BC) in Saudi Arabia to improve decisions regarding resource allocation, disease control, and management.

METHODS: We retrieved the records of all patients who presented with histologically proven BC at King Fahad Medical City between 2019 and 2020. The data were analyzed quantitatively, and the results were expressed as percentages and frequencies.

RESULTS: This study comprised 419 patients. The mean age was 50.13 (± 10.96) years. The majority of the patients were obese (56.6%), and approximately a quarter had a history of oral contraceptive pill use, breast biopsy, or an affected family member. Most cases were from the central region (80.1%), followed by the southern provinces (12.7%). Breast lumps were the most common complaint (89%), whereas hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common pathologic type (89.7%). Most patients presented with TNM stages II and III (55.2%), and 27.7% had metastasis. The main therapeutic modalities included radical mastectomy (63.8%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (60.4%), and adjuvant radiotherapy (82.9%).

CONCLUSION: In Saudi Arabia, a trend of BC incidence migration towards older patients may be ensuing. However, prediction of an advanced and aggressive presentation requires the enhancement of screening programs and standardized protocols for disease management.},
}

@article {pmid38437141,
year = {2024},
author = {Hall, G and Liang, W and Bhujwalla, ZM and Li, X},
title = {SHG fiberscopy assessment of collagen morphology and its potential for breast cancer optical histology.},
journal = {IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering},
volume = {PP},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1109/TBME.2024.3372629},
pmid = {38437141},
issn = {1558-2531},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: this study is to investigate the feasibility of our recently developed nonlinear fiberscope for label-free in situ breast tumor detection and lymph node status assessment based on second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of fibrillar collagen matrix with histological details. The long-term goal is to improve the current biopsy-based cancer paradigm with reduced sampling errors.

METHODS: in this pilot study we undertook retrospective SHG imaging study of ex vivo invasive ductal carcinoma human biopsy tissue samples, and carried out quantitative image analysis to search for collagen structural signatures that are associated with the malignance of breast cancer.

RESULTS: SHG fiberscopy image-based quantitative assessment of collagen fiber morphology reveals that: 1) cancerous tissues contain generally less extracellular collagen fibers compared with tumor-adjacent normal tissues, and 2) collagen fibers in lymph node positive biopsies are more aligned than lymph node negative counterparts.

CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: the results demonstrate the promising potential of our SHG fiberscope for in situ breast tumor detection and lymph node involvement assessment and for offering real-time guidance during ongoing tissue biopsy.},
}

@article {pmid38433052,
year = {2024},
author = {Sun, Q and Sun, JJ and Wang, M and Zhang, L and Zhang, XW and Wei, JG and Kong, LF and Li, J},
title = {[Intraductal carcinomas of the salivary glands: a clinicopathological and molecular genetic analysis of twenty-seven cases].},
journal = {Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology},
volume = {53},
number = {3},
pages = {250-256},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230808-00056},
pmid = {38433052},
issn = {0529-5807},
support = {YBKB202106//Establishment of a Biobank for Head and Neck Cancer Based on Heterogeneity of Invasion and Metastasis of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital/ ; },
abstract = {Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, molecular genetic features, and differential diagnosis of intraductal carcinomas (IDC) of the salivary glands. Methods: Twenty-five cases of salivary gland IDC diagnosed at the Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital and two cases from Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China from January 2008 to July 2023 were collected. Their clinical and pathological features were analyzed retrospectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and Sanger sequencing were performed. The patients were followed up and related literatures were reviewed. Results: There were 27 patients with IDC, including 15 males and 12 females, ranging in age from 20.0 to 80.0 years (mean 55.9 years). Clinically, the tumor often presented as a painless mass with a tumor diameter of 1.0-3.0 cm (mean 2.0 cm). All patients received surgical treatment. Twenty patients were followed up. One of them (1/20) died of lung cancer, while the rest survived without tumor recurrence. Histologically, IDC were classified as: intercalated (63.0%, 17/27), apocrine (25.9%, 7/27), oncocytic (7.4%, 2/27) and mixed (3.7%, 1/27) types. Intercalated tumors showed positive S-100 and negative androgen receptor (AR) immunoreactivity. Ki-67 proliferation index was low (about 1%-5%). Nine cases had the RET gene disruption, and 2 cases showed the BRAF V600E mutation. Apocrine tumors showed strong AR immunoreactivity but no S-100 immunoreactivity. Ki-67 proliferation index was high (about 10%-60%), and the RET gene rupture was detected in 1 case. Oncocytic tumors were similar to that of intercalated type in 2 cases, and RET gene disruption was detected in the both cases. Mixed tumors showed histologic features of oncocytic and apocrine patterns and harbored the RET gene disruption. Conclusions: IDC is a rare low-grade malignant tumor of the salivary gland and easily confused with other salivary gland tumors with similar morphology. Molecular testing is helpful for its differential diagnosis.},
}

@article {pmid38432595,
year = {2024},
author = {Chuang, ML},
title = {Analyzing Key Elements of Breathing Patterns, Deriving Remaining Variables, and Identifying Cutoff Values in Individuals with Chronic Respiratory Disease and Healthy Subjects.},
journal = {Respiratory physiology & neurobiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {104242},
doi = {10.1016/j.resp.2024.104242},
pmid = {38432595},
issn = {1878-1519},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pulmonary physiology encompasses intricate breathing patterns (BPs), characterized by breathing frequency (Bf), volumes, and flows. The complexities intensify in the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), especially during exercise. This study seeks to identify pivotal factors driving changes among these variables and establish cutoff values, comparing their efficacy in differentiating BPs to traditional methods, specifically a breathing reserve (BR) of 30% and a Bf of 50 bpm.

METHODS: Screening 267 subjects revealed 23 with ILD, 126 with COPD, 33 healthy individuals, and the exclusion of 85 subjects. Lung function tests and ramp-pattern cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were conducted, identifying crucial BP elements. Changes were compared between groups at peak exercise. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis determined cutoff values.

RESULTS: Inspiratory time (TI) remained constant at peak exercise for all subjects (two-group comparisons, all p=NS). Given known differences in expiratory time (TE) and tidal volume (VT) among ILD, COPD, and healthy states, constant TI could infer patterns for Bf, total breathing cycle time (TTOT=60/Bf), I:E ratio, inspiratory duty cycle (IDC, TI/TTOT), rapid shallow breathing index (Bf/VT), tidal inspiratory and expiratory flows (VT/TI and VT/TE), and minute ventilation (V̇E=Bf×VT) across conditions. These inferences aligned with measurements, with potential type II errors causing inconsistencies. RSBI of 23 bpm/L and VT/TI of 104L/min may differentiate ILD from control, while V̇E of 54L/min, BR of 30%, and VT/TE of 108 may differentiate COPD from control. BR of 21%, TE of 0.99s, and IDC of.45 may differentiate ILD from COPD. The algorithm outperformed traditional methods (AUC 0.84-0.91 versus 0.59-0.90).

CONCLUSION: The quasi-fixed TI, in conjunction with TE and VT, proves effective in inferring time-related variables of BPs. The findings have the potential to significantly enhance medical education in interpreting cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Moreover, the study introduces a novel algorithm for distinguishing BPs among individuals with ILD, COPD, and those who are healthy.},
}

@article {pmid38432310,
year = {2024},
author = {Gimeno-Morales, M and Martínez-Monge, R and Martinez-Lage, A and Jablonska, PA and Blanco, J and Martínez-Regueira, F and Rodriguez-Spiteri, N and Olartecoechea, B and Ramos, L and Insausti, LP and Elizalde, A and Abengozar, M and Cambeiro, M},
title = {Long-term results of intraoperative multicatheter breast implant (IOMBI) for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) on early breast cancer patients.},
journal = {Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {110193},
doi = {10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110193},
pmid = {38432310},
issn = {1879-0887},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Multicatheter breast brachytherapy is a standard technique for accelerated partial breast irradiation(APBI) in early breast cancer patients. Intraoperative multicatheter breast implant(IOMBI) followed by perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy(PHDRBT) offers a novel and advantageous approach. We present long-term oncological, toxicity, and cosmesis outcomes for a well-experienced single institution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eligible women aged ≥ 40 years with clinically and radiologically confirmed unifocal invasive or in situ ≤ 3 cm breast tumors underwent IOMBI during breast-conserving surgery. Patients meeting APBI criteria by definitive pathologic results received 3.4 Gy × 10fx with PHDRBT. Patients not suitable for APBI received PHDRBT-boost followed by WBRT.

RESULTS: A total of 171 patients underwent IOMBI during BCS, 120 patients(70.1 %) were suitable for APBI and 51(29.8 %) for anticipated PHDRBT-boost. The median age was 61 years(range: 40-78), the median tumor size was 1.1 cm(range: 0.2-3.5), with a histological diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma in 78.9 % and ductal in situ in 21.1 %. A median of 9 catheters (range:4-14) were used. For APBI, the median CTV and V100 were 40.8 cc (range:8.6-99) and 35.4 cc (range:7.2-94). The median of healthy breast tissue irradiated represents 7.2 % (range:2.3-28 %) and the median local treatment duration was 10 days (range:7-16). With a median follow-up of 8.8 years (range:0.3-16.25), the 8-year local, locoregional, and distant control rates were 99 %, 98.1 %, and 100 %. G1-G2 late-toxicity rate was 53.4 %. Long-term cosmetic evaluation was excellent-good in 90.8 %.

CONCLUSION: IOMBI&PHDRBT program reports excellent long-term oncological outcomes, with a reduction from unnecessary irradiation exposure which translates into low long-term toxicity and good cosmesis outcomes, especially on well-selected APBI patients.},
}

@article {pmid38424901,
year = {2020},
author = {Samreen, N and Moy, L and Lee, CS},
title = {Architectural Distortion on Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: Management Algorithm and Pathological Outcome.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {2},
number = {5},
pages = {424-435},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbaa034},
pmid = {38424901},
issn = {2631-6129},
abstract = {Architectural distortion on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) can occur due to benign and malignant causes. With DBT, there is an increase in the detection of architectural distortion compared with 2D digital mammography, and the positive predictive value is high enough to justify tissue sampling when imaging findings are confirmed. Workup involves supplemental DBT views and ultrasound, with subsequent image-guided percutaneous biopsy using the modality on which it is best visualized. If architectural distortion is subtle and/or questionable on diagnostic imaging, MRI may be performed for problem solving, with subsequent biopsy of suspicious findings using MRI or DBT guidance, respectively. If no suspicious findings are noted on MRI, a six-month follow-up DBT may be performed. On pathology, malignant cases are noted in 6.8%-50.7% of the cases, most commonly due to invasive ductal carcinoma, followed by invasive lobular carcinoma. Radial scars are the most common benign cause, with stromal fibrosis and sclerosing adenosis being much less common. As there is an increase in the number of benign pathological outcomes for architectural distortion on DBT compared with 2D digital mammography, concordance should be based on the level of suspicion of imaging findings. As discordant cases have upgrade rates of up to 25%, surgical consultation is recommended for discordant radiologic-pathologic findings.},
}

@article {pmid38419665,
year = {2024},
author = {Liao, YC and Yang, CJ and Yu, HY and Huang, CJ and Hong, TY and Li, WC and Chen, LF and Hsieh, JC},
title = {Inner sense of rhythm: percussionist brain activity during rhythmic encoding and synchronization.},
journal = {Frontiers in neuroscience},
volume = {18},
number = {},
pages = {1342326},
pmid = {38419665},
issn = {1662-4548},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The main objective of this research is to explore the core cognitive mechanisms utilized by exceptionally skilled percussionists as they navigate complex rhythms. Our specific focus is on understanding the dynamic interactions among brain regions, respectively, related to externally directed cognition (EDC), internally directed cognition (IDC), and rhythm processing, defined as the neural correlates of rhythm processing (NCRP).

METHODS: The research involved 26 participants each in the percussionist group (PG) and control group (CG), who underwent task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions focusing on rhythm encoding and synchronization. Comparative analyses were performed between the two groups under each of these conditions.

RESULTS: Rhythmic encoding showed decreased activity in EDC areas, specifically in the right calcarine cortex, left middle occipital gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule, along with reduced NCRP activity in the left dorsal premotor, right sensorimotor cortex, and left superior parietal lobule. During rhythmic synchronization, there was increased activity in IDC areas, particularly in the default mode network, and in NCRP areas including the left inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral putamen. Conversely, EDC areas like the right dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, and bilateral inferior parietal lobule showed decreased activity, as did NCRP areas including the bilateral dorsal premotor cortex, bilateral ventral insula, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, and left superior parietal lobule.

DISCUSSION: PG's rhythm encoding is characterized by reduced cognitive effort compared to CG, as evidenced by decreased activity in brain regions associated with EDC and the NCRP. Rhythmic synchronization reveals up-regulated IDC, down-regulated EDC involvement, and dynamic interplay among regions with the NCRP, suggesting that PG engages in both automatic and spontaneous processing simultaneously. These findings provide valuable insights into expert performance and present opportunities for improving music education.},
}

@article {pmid38424859,
year = {2020},
author = {Bonnet, SE and Carter, GJ and Berg, WA},
title = {Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast: Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {2},
number = {6},
pages = {590-597},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbaa068},
pmid = {38424859},
issn = {2631-6129},
abstract = {Encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is a rare, clinically indolent breast malignancy most common in postmenopausal women. Absence of myoepithelial cells at the periphery is a characteristic feature. Mammographically, EPC typically presents as a mostly circumscribed, noncalcified, dense mass that can have focally indistinct margins when there is associated frank invasive carcinoma. Ultrasound shows a circumscribed solid or complex cystic and solid mass, and occasional hemorrhage in the cystic component may produce a fluid-debris level; the solid components typically show intense washout enhancement on MRI. Color Doppler may demonstrate a prominent vascular pedicle and blood flow within solid papillary fronds. Encapsulated papillary carcinoma can exist in pure form; however, EPC is often associated with conventional ductal carcinoma in-situ and/or invasive ductal carcinoma, no special type. Adjacent in-situ and invasive disease may be only focally present at the periphery of EPC and potentially unsampled at core-needle biopsy. In order to facilitate diagnosis, the mass wall should be included on core-needle biopsy, which will show absence of myoepithelial markers. Staging and prognosis are determined by any associated frankly invasive component, with usually excellent long-term survival and rare distant metastases.},
}

@article {pmid38424856,
year = {2020},
author = {Chen, C and Dodelzon, K and Ginter, PS and Drotman, MB and Arleo, EK},
title = {Postoperative Imaging Appearance of an Implantable Three-dimensional Bioabsorbable Tissue Marker After Breast Surgery: Initial Experience at a Single Institution.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {2},
number = {6},
pages = {561-568},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbaa081},
pmid = {38424856},
issn = {2631-6129},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional bioabsorbable tissue marker (BTM) placement during breast surgery is performed for the purpose of improved surgical cavity delineation for radiotherapy and improved cosmetic outcome. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the postsurgical imaging findings of BTM.

METHODS: This Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review included all patients implanted with BTM at breast surgery from January 2017 to September 2018. Demographics, tumor characteristics, imaging, and histologic findings were evaluated. Medical records were reviewed during a three-year period to evaluate for tumor recurrence.

RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients had BTM implanted, of which 76 patients had imaging follow-up of at least 1 year. Of the 76 patients who had mammographic follow-up, 3 (3.9%) developed suspicious microcalcifications requiring biopsy, yielding ductal carcinoma in-situ in 2 patients and benign calcifications in 1 patient. Of 61 patients who had sonographic follow-up, 44 (72.1%) patients had complex fluid collections containing avascular, heterogeneously hyperechoic solid components, which remained stable or decreased in size over time; no recurrent tumors were found in this group. One patient (1.6%) had a vascular solid mass, which yielded recurrent papilloma. Four (6.6%) patients developed irregular hypoechoic masses at the surgical site, one of which corresponded with a developing asymmetry mammographically; biopsy yielded fibromatosis. Tissue sampling of the remaining three cases yielded invasive ductal carcinoma, fat necrosis, and radiation changes, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Accurate identification of the expected postoperative imaging appearance of BTM may prevent unnecessary biopsy. Suspicious findings necessitating biopsy are pleomorphic calcifications, developing asymmetry and vascular and irregular hypoechoic masses.},
}

@article {pmid38424872,
year = {2019},
author = {Grimm, LJ and Enslow, M and Ghate, SV},
title = {Solitary, Well-Circumscribed, T2 Hyperintense Masses on MRI Have Very Low Malignancy Rates.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {37-42},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wby014},
pmid = {38424872},
issn = {2631-6129},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the malignancy rate of solitary MRI masses with benign BI-RADS descriptors.

METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all breast MRI reports that described a mass with a final BI-RADS assessment of 3, 4, or 5, from February 1, 2005, through February 28, 2014 (n = 1510). Studies were excluded if the mass was not solitary, did not meet formal criteria for a mass, or had classically suspicious BI-RADS features (e.g., washout kinetics, and spiculated margin). The masses were reviewed by 2 fellowship-trained breast radiologists who reported consensus BI-RADS mass margin, shape, internal-enhancement, and kinetics descriptors. The T2 signal was reported as hyperintense if equal to or greater than the signal intensity of the axillary lymph nodes. Pathology results or 2 years of imaging follow-up were recorded. Comparisons were made between mass descriptors and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS: There were 127 women with 127 masses available for analysis. There were 76 (60%) masses that underwent biopsy for an overall malignancy rate of 4% (5/127): 2 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 3 invasive ductal carcinoma. The malignancy rate was 2% (1/59) for T2 hyperintense solitary masses. The malignancy rate was greater than 2% for all of the following BI-RADS descriptors: oval (3%, 3/88), round (5%, 2/39), circumscribed (4%, 5/127), homogeneous (4%, 3/74), and dark internal septations (4%, 2/44).

CONCLUSION: T2 hyperintense solitary masses without associated suspicious features have a low malignancy rate, and they could be considered for a BI-RADS 3 final assessment.},
}

@article {pmid38419320,
year = {2024},
author = {Toshima, K and Shien, T and Nishimura, MF and Suzuki, Y and Nakamoto, S and Uno, M and Yoshioka, R and Tsukioki, T and Takahashi, Y and Iwamoto, T and Iwatani, T and Yanai, H},
title = {Ectopic Breast Cancer Arising within an Axillary Lymph Node.},
journal = {Acta medica Okayama},
volume = {78},
number = {1},
pages = {89-93},
doi = {10.18926/AMO/66676},
pmid = {38419320},
issn = {0386-300X},
abstract = {We report our experience with the diagnosis and treatment of an ectopic breast cancer arising within an axillary lymph node. The patient was a 65-year-old woman diagnosed breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis. We performed a partial mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Postoperative pathology revealed no malignant lesions in the breast; however, a nodule in one of axillary lymph nodes had mixed benign and malignant components, leading to a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma derived from ectopic mammary tissue. This case represents a very rare form of breast cancer, and the malignancy was difficult to distinguish from metastasis.},
}

@article {pmid38417222,
year = {2024},
author = {Hu, J and Chen, X and Sun, F and Liu, L and Liu, L and Yang, Z and Zhang, H and Yu, Z and Zhao, R and Wang, Y and Liu, H and Yang, X and Sun, F and Han, B},
title = {Identification of recurrent BRAF non-V600 mutations in intraductal carcinoma of the prostate in Chinese populations.},
journal = {Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)},
volume = {50},
number = {},
pages = {100983},
doi = {10.1016/j.neo.2024.100983},
pmid = {38417222},
issn = {1476-5586},
abstract = {While BRAF alterations have been established as a driver in various solid malignancies, the characterization of BRAF alterations in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been thoroughly interrogated. By bioinformatics analysis, we first found that BRAF alterations were associated with advanced PCa and exhibited mutually exclusive pattern with ERG alteration across multiple cohorts. Of the most interest, recurrent non-V600 BRAF mutations were found in 3 of 21 (14.3 %) PCa patients demonstrating IDC-P morphology. Furthermore, experimental overexpression of BRAF[K601E] and BRAF[L597R] exhibited emergence of oncogenic phenotypes with intensified MAPK signaling in vitro, which could be targeted by MEK inhibitors. Comparison of the incidence of BRAF alterations in IDC-P between western and Chinese ancestry revealed an increased prevalence in the Chinese population. The BRAF mutation may represent important genetic alteration in a subset of IDC-P, highlighting the role of MAPK signaling pathway in this subtype of PCa. To the best of knowledge, this is the first description of non-V600 BRAF mutation in setting of IDC-P, which may in part explain the aggressive phenotype seen in IDC-P and could also bring more treatment options for PCa patients with IDC-P harboring such mutations.},
}

@article {pmid38416903,
year = {2023},
author = {Miceli, R and Mercado, CL and Hernandez, O and Chhor, C},
title = {Active Surveillance for Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {396-415},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbad026},
pmid = {38416903},
issn = {2631-6129},
abstract = {Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are relatively common breast lesions on the same spectrum of disease. Atypical ductal hyperblasia is a nonmalignant, high-risk lesion, and DCIS is a noninvasive malignancy. While a benefit of screening mammography is early cancer detection, it also leads to increased biopsy diagnosis of noninvasive lesions. Previously, treatment guidelines for both entities included surgical excision because of the risk of upgrade to invasive cancer after surgery and risk of progression to invasive cancer for DCIS. However, this universal management approach is not optimal for all patients because most lesions are not upgraded after surgery. Furthermore, some DCIS lesions do not progress to clinically significant invasive cancer. Overtreatment of high-risk lesions and DCIS is considered a burden on patients and clinicians and is a strain on the health care system. Extensive research has identified many potential histologic, clinical, and imaging factors that may predict ADH and DCIS upgrade and thereby help clinicians select which patients should undergo surgery and which may be appropriate for active surveillance (AS) with imaging. Additionally, multiple clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate whether AS for DCIS is feasible for a select group of patients. Recent advances in MRI, artificial intelligence, and molecular markers may also have an important role to play in stratifying patients and delineating best management guidelines. This review article discusses the available evidence regarding the feasibility and limitations of AS for ADH and DCIS, as well as recent advances in patient risk stratification.},
}

@article {pmid38416170,
year = {2024},
author = {Maggi, G and Loayza, F and Vitale, C and Santangelo, G and Obeso, I},
title = {Anatomical correlates of apathy and impulsivity co-occurrence in early Parkinson's disease.},
journal = {Journal of neurology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {38416170},
issn = {1432-1459},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although apathy and impulse control disorders (ICDs) are considered to represent opposite extremes of a continuum of motivated behavior (i.e., hypo- and hyperdopaminergic behaviors), they may also co-occur in Parkinson's disease (PD).

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the co-occurrence of ICDs and apathy and its neural correlates analyzing gray matter (GM) changes in early untreated PD patients. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the possible longitudinal relationship between ICDs and apathy and their putative impact on cognition during the first five years of PD.

METHODS: We used the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database to identify the co-occurrence of apathy and ICDs in 423 early drug-naïve PD patients at baseline and at 5-year follow-up. Baseline MRI volumes and gray matter changes were analyzed between groups using voxel-based morphometry. Multi-level models assessed the longitudinal relationship (across five years) between apathy and ICDs and cognitive functioning.

RESULTS: At baseline, co-occurrence of apathy and ICDs was observed in 23 patients (5.4%). This finding was related to anatomical GM reduction along the cortical regions involved in the limbic circuit and cognitive control systems. Longitudinal analyses indicated that apathy and ICDs were related to each other as well as to the combined use of levodopa and dopamine agonists. Worse apathetic and ICDs states were associated with poorer executive functions.

CONCLUSIONS: Apathy and ICDs are joint non-exclusive neuropsychiatric disorders also in the early stages of PD and their co-occurrence was associated with GM decrease in several cortical regions of the limbic circuit and cognitive control systems.},
}

@article {pmid38414161,
year = {2024},
author = {Geppert, J and Rohm, M},
title = {Cancer cachexia: biomarkers and the influence of age.},
journal = {Molecular oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/1878-0261.13590},
pmid = {38414161},
issn = {1878-0261},
support = {//Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft/ ; 949017//European Commission/ ; },
abstract = {Cancer cachexia (Ccx) is a complex metabolic condition characterized by pronounced muscle and fat wasting, systemic inflammation, weakness and fatigue. Up to 30% of cancer patients succumb directly to Ccx, yet therapies that effectively address this perturbed metabolic state are rare. In recent decades, several characteristics of Ccx have been established in mice and humans, of which we here highlight adipose tissue dysfunction, muscle wasting and systemic inflammation, as they are directly linked to biomarker discovery. To counteract cachexia pathogenesis as early as possible and mitigate its detrimental impact on anti-cancer treatments, identification and validation of clinically endorsed biomarkers assume paramount importance. Ageing was recently shown to affect both the validity of Ccx biomarkers and Ccx development, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Thus, unravelling the intricate interplay between ageing and Ccx can help to counteract Ccx pathogenesis and tailor diagnostic and treatment strategies to individual needs.},
}

@article {pmid38410339,
year = {2024},
author = {Al Husban, H and Al Rabadi, A and Odeh, AH and Abu Rumman, K and Alkhawaldeh, F and Noures, H and Abo Ashoor, M and Abu Rumman, A and Atmeh, M and Bawaneh, M},
title = {Clinical Characteristics and Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) in Jordan: A Retrospective Analysis.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {e53053},
pmid = {38410339},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Despite its responsiveness to chemotherapy, TNBC presents challenges in terms of survival, recurrence, and mortality rates, particularly in diverse populations. Limited research in the Middle East hampers comprehensive understanding and tailored management. Methods A retrospective study at the King Hussein Medical Center in Jordan between the period 2009 to 2023 explored TNBC patients (n=110) who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy after local excision or modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Data encompassed demographics, clinical variables, and operative details. Statistical analysis employed Wilcoxon and chi-squared tests, examining mortality risks and associations between variables. Results Among 110 TNBC patients (mean age 52), 84% underwent MRM, 16% wide local excision and axillary clearance (WLE&AC). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) was observed in 41%, linked to higher lymph node positivity. Neoadjuvant therapy preceded MRM in 25% of cases. While 75% had grade III tumors, the prevalence of invasive ductal carcinoma was 85%. Conclusions This study contributes crucial insights into TNBC characteristics and management in Jordan. Despite limitations such as retrospective design and sample size, the findings underscore the need for tailored interventions in TNBC patients, emphasizing the importance of neoadjuvant therapy and vigilant consideration of LVI status in treatment planning. Future longitudinal research should delve into disease progression and treatment outcomes in diverse populations, facilitating optimized TNBC management strategies.},
}

@article {pmid38410238,
year = {2024},
author = {Chen, Y and Xu, Z and Chen, Y and Dai, Y and Ding, J},
title = {Comparison of the prognosis of medullary breast carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma: a SEER-based study.},
journal = {Translational cancer research},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {231-248},
pmid = {38410238},
issn = {2219-6803},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Medullary breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast cancer. Our study aimed to compare the differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis between MBC and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and to further develop and validate nomograms to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in MBC patients.

METHODS: A total of 179,613 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015, including 596 MBC patients, were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and propensity score matching (PSM) to compare patients' OS and CSS. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS in MBC patients. Nomograms were constructed based on Cox regression analysis whereas receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy.

RESULTS: There were significant differences in the clinical characteristics between MBC and IDC. According to the logrank test, MBC had better OS and CSS than IDC before and after PSM. Cox multivariate analysis showed that age, race, tumor size, lymph node (LN), and radiation therapy were independent prognostic factors for OS, whereas age, tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, laterality, type of surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for CSS. Nomograms of OS and CSS were constructed based on independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONS: MBC had better OS and CSS than IDC. Nomograms based on clinicopathological features were sufficiently accurate in predicting the OS and CSS for MBC patients, which can effectively predict the survival risk of MBC patients and guide clinicians to provide more effective treatment measures.},
}

@article {pmid38409747,
year = {2024},
author = {Ruan, GJ and Zanwar, S and Ravindran, A and Schram, S and Abeykoon, JP and Hazim, A and Young, JR and Shah, MV and Bennani, NN and Jiang, L and Morlote, D and Rech, KL and Goyal, G and Go, RS and , },
title = {Clinical characteristics, molecular aberrations, treatments, and outcomes of malignant histiocytosis.},
journal = {American journal of hematology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/ajh.27263},
pmid = {38409747},
issn = {1096-8652},
support = {CA97422//University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic Lymphoma Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE)/ ; },
abstract = {Malignant histiocytosis (MH) is an extremely rare neoplasm of the macrophage-dendritic cell lineage. We report the clinical characteristics, molecular aberrations, treatments, and outcomes of patients with MH seen at two referral centers from January 2000 to May 2023. We identified 43 patients with MH, of which 26 had histiocytic sarcoma (MH-H), 9 interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (MH-IDC), and 8 Langerhans cell sarcoma (MH-LC). The median age at diagnosis was 61 years (range, 3-83). Thirty-three patients (77%) had multifocal disease, while 10 had unifocal involvement. Tumor specimens from 22 patients (51%) underwent targeted next generation sequencing, and 19 of 22 (86%) had at least one pathogenic mutation, including mutations in MAPK pathway genes (73%). The median overall survival (OS) among the entire cohort was 16 months (95% CI: 8-50). The outcomes of those with multifocal disease were significantly shorter than their unifocal counterpart: median OS of 10 months versus 50 months (p = .07). Patients with risk organ involvement (bone marrow, spleen, or liver) had significantly inferior outcomes. Chemotherapy and surgery were the most common first-line treatments for multifocal and unifocal disease, respectively. While the outcome for patients with multifocal disease was poor, there was a subset of patients who had durable responses to treatment. Our study highlights that MH has heterogeneous clinical presentation, frequent oncogenic mutations, and prognosis, which is strongly tied to disease extent and type of organ involvement.},
}

@article {pmid38409268,
year = {2024},
author = {Alkhafaji, S and Wolf, DM and Magbanua, MJM and J van 't Veer, L and Park, JW and Esserman, L and Mukhtar, RA},
title = {Circulating tumor cells in early lobular versus ductal breast cancer and their associations with prognosis.},
journal = {NPJ breast cancer},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {17},
pmid = {38409268},
issn = {2374-4677},
support = {K08CA256047//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)/ ; },
abstract = {This is a secondary data analysis of the TIPPING study, which included 1,121 patients with stage I-III breast cancer who had enumeration of CTCs (by either CellSearch or immunomagnetic enrichment and flow cytometry [IE/FC]) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) at the time of surgical resection between 1999 and 2012. The primary endpoint was mean number of CTCs by histology, taking into account method of detection and treatment type, and evaluation of histology specific prognostic cutpoints. Overall, patients with ILC had significantly higher CTC counts than those with IDC, a finding which persisted in the 382 patients with CTC enumeration by IE/FC method. Additionally, among those with primary surgery, patients with ILC had significantly higher mean CTC counts than those with IDC (mean 2.11 CTCs/mL versus 0.71 CTCs/mL respectively, p < 0.001), which persisted on multivariate analysis. Patients with ILC and CTC-high/DTC-high status trended towards reduced DRFS HR = 9.27, 95% CI 0.95-90.5, p = 0.055) and had significantly decreased BCSS (HR = 10.4, 95% CI 1.07-99.7, P = 0.043) compared with those who were CTC-low/DTC-low. In the IDC group, CTC-high/DTC-high status was not associated with either DRFS or BCSS. In neoadjvuantly treated patients, there was no significant difference in CTC counts in the ILC group versus the IDC group (mean 0.89 CTCs/mL versus 1.06 CTCs/mL respectively, p = 0.82). Our findings contribute to the limited literature on CTCs and DTCs in ILC, and suggest that clinical utility and optimal thresholds for CTC and DTC assays may differ by histologic subtype in early-stage breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid38406950,
year = {2023},
author = {Asad, S and Khan, SA and Khan, FA and Jalal-Ud-Din, M and Bhatti, G and Kamran, H},
title = {Pattern Of Breast Cancer: Experience At Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.},
journal = {Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC},
volume = {35},
number = {4},
pages = {629-632},
doi = {10.55519/JAMC-04-12089},
pmid = {38406950},
issn = {1819-2718},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy found in females all over the world and the second leading cause of cancer death in European countries. The purpose of this study was to find out the pattern of disease presentation in our region where a proper tumour registry system is lacking.

METHODS: This descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, from July 2021 to June 2022. All female patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer were included in the study: benign lumps, refused to enrol, and those who were lost to follow-up were excluded.

RESULTS: A total of 87 patients with carcinoma breast were included: 92 % (n=80) had invasive ductal carcinoma. Axillary lymph nodes were involved in 88.5% (n=77), 75.8% of the tumours, (n=66), were Grade 2, 34.5% (n=30) were in the 40-49 years age group, and 30 % (n=27) of the disease was categorized as Stage III or IV. In 55 % (n=48), the tumour was on the right side and in 39% (n=34), the upper outer quadrant was involved. Most of the patients, 90.8% (n=79), were married and had used contraceptive measures. Only 19.5% of patients (n=17), had a history of nipple discharge and 56% (n=49) had a positive family history: 71% (n=62) had nipple retraction, and 54% (n=47), proved to be ER PR positive.

CONCLUSIONS: Our patients presented late: axilla was commonly involved and a third had advanced disease. Screening and community awareness programs may help in early detection. Hormone use for contraception needs to be weighed carefully. Better data collection may help in designing screening and care programs.},
}

@article {pmid38406898,
year = {2023},
author = {, and Haider, G and Shaikh, Z and Memon, P and Shahid, A and Rahul, R and Kumar, P and Beg, S and Parkash, J},
title = {Significance of ca15-3 in carcinoma of the breast with Visceral metastases.},
journal = {Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC},
volume = {35(Suppl 1)},
number = {4},
pages = {S710-S714},
pmid = {38406898},
issn = {1819-2718},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The most common malignancy and second most common cause of death is breast cancer among women. About 2.09 million fatalities from breast cancer happened in 2018. The objective was to evaluate the elevated CA15-3 in breast cancer patients with visceral metastases presenting at the tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Oncology of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from 15th December 2018 to 15th November 2019. Female patients aged 26-80 years diagnosed with visceral metastatic (defined as metastasis to lung, liver, brain and adrenal glands) breast cancer were included in the study. The diagnosis of breast cancer was confirmed on histopathology whereas the metastatic sites were evaluated using physical examination and imaging. The serum CA15-3 concentration was assessed using assay kits. The serum CA15-3 level of 0-32 U/ml was taken as normal range for all the patients whereas CA15-3 level greater than 32 U/L was considered as elevated CA15-3. SPSS version 23 was used to enter and analyze data.

RESULTS: A total of 139 females were included in the study. The mean age & BMI of the patients were reported as 46.5 years & 26.69 kg/m2. In the majority of the patients' metastases were detected in the liver (n=54), 92 in the lungs+ parenchymal disease, 20 in adrenal glands, 12 in pleural effusion and 10 in the brain. Out of 139 patients with visceral metastases, 52(37.4%) had normal CA15-3 level whereas 87 (62.6%) had elevated serum CA15-3 levels (>32 U/L).

CONCLUSION: The serum CA15-3 tumour marker is elevated significantly in visceral metastases and can be used as a prognostic marker in metastatic breast cancer patients.},
}

@article {pmid38406616,
year = {2023},
author = {Netea, PDMG},
title = {I. IDC Key-note Lecture: Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense.},
journal = {Journal of stem cells & regenerative medicine},
volume = {19},
number = {2},
pages = {37-39},
pmid = {38406616},
issn = {0973-7154},
}

@article {pmid38406064,
year = {2024},
author = {Udquim, KT and Lam, NB and Altshuler, E and Lin, RY},
title = {Primary Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast Occurring in a Patient With a History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Developing From Focal Nodular Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {e52818},
pmid = {38406064},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The risk of developing another primary malignancy after an initial liver cancer diagnosis is rare, and the management of multiple primary cancers is not typically discussed. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is considered a benign tumor, but there have been cases reported that describe hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising from or within FNH. Here, we report a woman in her 70s who had a longstanding history of FNH, later found to be HCC upon resection, who also developed invasive ductal carcinoma. She had no family history of cancer and no genetic testing results were available. Each of her cancers was managed independently, hepatectomy for HCC and neoadjuvant therapy followed by mastectomy for her breast carcinoma. This case demonstrates that the diagnosis of FNH based on radiographic imaging may necessitate a biopsy to confirm diagnosis for a symptomatic patient or those with lesions suspicious for malignancy. It also showcases the importance of close follow-up after a primary cancer diagnosis for the possibility of another primary malignancy emerging. Fresh tissue biopsy for new lesions could help determine primary malignancy or metastasis. Genetic sequencing may help identify driver mutations or genetic alterations that can be targeted.},
}

@article {pmid38405107,
year = {2024},
author = {Bhimani, F and Lin, S and McEvoy, M and Cavalli, A and Obaid, L and Chen, Y and Gupta, A and Pastoriza, J and Shihabi, A and Feldman, S},
title = {Does Nipple-Ward Positive Margin Contribute to a Higher Rate of Re-Excision Procedures After a Lumpectomy with Pathology-Confirmed Positive Margins? A Retrospective Study.},
journal = {Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press)},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {41-50},
pmid = {38405107},
issn = {1179-1314},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Positive margins on lumpectomy specimens are associated with a twofold increased risk of local breast tumor recurrence. Prior literature has demonstrated various techniques and modalities for assessing margin status to reduce re-excision rates. However, there is paucity of literature analyzing which margin contributes to the highest re-excision rates. Therefore, the primary aim of the study was to investigate whether the nipple-ward margins resulted in a higher rate of re-excision in our patient population.

METHODS:  A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who had re-excision surgery. Nipple-ward margin was identified by correlating radiological and pathological reports. A cut-off of more than 25% was used to demonstrate correlation between nipple-ward margin and re-excision rate.

RESULTS: A total of 98 patients' data were analyzed, with 41 (41.8%), 14 (14.3%), 5 (5.1%), and 38 (38.8%) diagnosed with DCIS, IDC, ILC, and mixed pathology on their margins, respectively. Overall, 48% (n=47) of the positive margins were nipple-ward, with 44.7% (n=21) reporting DCIS. Upon stratification, 45 (45.9%) cases were single-margin positive, with 26 (57.8%) being nipple-ward. Furthermore, the remaining 53 (54.1%) patients had multiple positive margins, with 21 (39.6.7%) nipple-ward cases.

CONCLUSION: Positive nipple-ward margins significantly contribute to a higher re-excision rate p < 0.001; 48% of re-excision surgeries had positive nipple-ward margins, and 57.8% of positive single-margin cases were nipple-ward. Taking an additional shave during initial lumpectomy decreases re-excision rates. However, planning a lumpectomy procedure with a more elliptical rather than a spherical resection with additional cavity shave (ie, larger volume) in the nipple-ward direction and minimizing the remaining cavity shaves so the total volume resected remains unchanged. Nevertheless, future studies with larger sample sizes are required to bolster our findings.},
}

@article {pmid38404556,
year = {2024},
author = {Munien, K and Ravichandran, K and Flynn, H and Shugg, N and Flynn, D and Chambers, J and Desai, D},
title = {Catheter-associated meatal pressure injuries (CAMPI) in patients with long-term urethral catheters-a cross-sectional study of 200 patients.},
journal = {Translational andrology and urology},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {42-52},
pmid = {38404556},
issn = {2223-4691},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Indwelling urethral catheters (IDC) are ubiquitous to healthcare settings, and are associated with many familiar risks like haematuria, infections, bladder spasms and stones. However, a less known complication is catheter-associated meatal pressure injury (CAMPI), especially in those with long-term IDCs. The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence, associated features and management of CAMPI in adults with a long-term IDC.

METHODS: A cross-sectional multi-centre study was undertaken of 200 adults with a long-term IDC across regional south-west Queensland, Australia between June 2019 to June 2021. The prevalence of CAMPI was determined by clinical examination, voluntary surveys completed by participants and documentation in medical records. Key IDC statistics included total duration of IDC, location of IDC changes, IDC size, type and fixation.

RESULTS: Out of 200 adults with a long-term IDC, 9% (18/200) had a CAMPI. There was a higher prevalence of male CAMPI (17/169, 10%) compared to female CAMPI (1/31, 3%). The median time to identification of a CAMPI after initial IDC insertion was 12 weeks (2-136 weeks), but occurred as soon as 2 weeks. CAMPI formation was associated with IDC changes in the community, impaired mobility and congestive cardiac failure (CCF). CAMPI were mostly treated by conservative means given the frailty of the population.

CONCLUSIONS: Poor mobility, community-managed IDCs, and CCF were all found to have statistically significant associations with the development of CAMPI. CAMPI represents an important and underserved iatrogenic complication within urology practice, and greater awareness is needed to prevent it in vulnerable patients with long-term IDCs.},
}

@article {pmid38404027,
year = {2024},
author = {Greenblatt-Kimron, L and Palgi, Y and Regev, T and Ben-David, BM},
title = {Associations among loneliness, internal locus of control and subjective accelerated ageing in older adults who received the booster vaccination.},
journal = {BJPsych open},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {e54},
doi = {10.1192/bjo.2024.14},
pmid = {38404027},
issn = {2056-4724},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A rise in loneliness among older adults since the COVID-19 outbreak, even after vaccination, has been highlighted. Loneliness has deleterious consequences, with specific effects on perceptions of the ageing process during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coping with stressful life events and the challenges of ageing may result in a perception of acceleration of this process.

AIM: Studies have shown a buffering effect of an internal locus of control in the relationship between COVID-19 stress and mental distress. The current study examined whether loneliness predicts subjective accelerated ageing and whether internal locus of control moderates this relationship.

METHOD: Two waves of community-dwelling older adults (M = 70.44, s.d. = 5.95; age range 61-88 years), vaccinated three times, were sampled by a web-survey company. Participants completed the questionnaire after the beginning of the third vaccination campaign and reported again 4 months later on loneliness, internal locus of control and subjective accelerated ageing level in the second wave.

RESULTS: Participants with higher levels of loneliness presented 4 months later with higher subjective accelerated ageing. Participants with a low level of internal locus of control presented 4 months later with high subjective accelerated ageing, regardless of their loneliness level. Participants with a high level of internal locus of control and a low level of loneliness presented with the lowest subjective accelerated ageing 4 months later.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasise the deleterious effects of loneliness and low internal locus of control on older adults' perception of their ageing process. Practitioners should focus their interventions not only on loneliness but also on improving the sense of internal locus of control to improve subjective accelerated ageing.},
}

@article {pmid38402816,
year = {2024},
author = {Laroiya, I and Tan, M and Kaehne, A and Shetty, G},
title = {A prospective study evaluating patient reported outcome measures in patients who have undergone chest wall perforator flaps.},
journal = {Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS},
volume = {91},
number = {},
pages = {79-82},
doi = {10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.044},
pmid = {38402816},
issn = {1878-0539},
abstract = {AIMS: To evaluate Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and surgical outcomes in patients undergoing Chest Wall Perforator Flaps (CWPFs).

METHODS: This was an observational single cohort study using an audit approach and a survey instrument. 84 patients who had undergone CWPFs in the last 5 years at the Department of Breast Surgery, City Hospital Birmingham, were identified from a pre-existing database. Surgical outcomes were recorded. Patients were contacted telephonically or in person at the time of follow-up and were asked to fill up a PROMs questionnaire.

RESULTS: Out of 84 patients, 58 patients chose to respond. The average age of the patients was 51.3 years (±8.2 years). The average follow-up was 15.4 months (±9.9 months). The most common histological subtype was Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC)-Not otherwise specified 34/58 (58.6%). Majority of the patients had T2 cancers-28/58 (48.3%). 26/58 (44.8%) were node negative. Eight patients (13.7%) had post-operative complications. No patient had total/partial flap loss. Nine patients (15.5%) had margin re-excision. One patient developed distant metastasis while 1 patient developed a second primary. Fifty-one patients (88%) were either satisfied or very satisfied with the post-operative appearance of the breasts. Thirty-six patients (62%) had no/little persistent pain or tenderness post-surgery. Eighty-six per cent (38/44) of the patients undergoing Lateral Intercostal Artery Perforator (LICAP) Flap and 16/18 (89%) of patients undergoing Anterior Intercostal Artery Perforator (AICAP) flap had no/little difficulty in carrying out normal activities at follow up.

CONCLUSION: CWPFs are associated with a low complication rate and a high patient satisfaction rate.},
}

@article {pmid38399000,
year = {2024},
author = {Khan, MRR},
title = {Development of a Battery-Free, Chipless, and Highly Sensitive Radio Frequency Glucose Biosensor.},
journal = {Micromachines},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {},
pmid = {38399000},
issn = {2072-666X},
abstract = {In our study, we designed and developed a glucose biosensor that operates without a battery or chip. This biosensor utilizes the principles of radio frequency (RF) to operate. For the construction of a glucose-sensitive interdigitated capacitor (IDC), a famous glucose-sensitive substance called phenylboronic acid (PBA) is combined with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and n,n-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solution. According to the theory of radio frequency sensing, the resonance frequency shifts whenever there is a change in the capacitance of the glucose-sensitive IDC. This change is caused by the fluctuations in glucose concentrations. As far as we are aware, this is the first glucose sensor that employs the RF principle to detect changes in glucose solution concentrations using PBA as the principal glucose-sensitive material. The sensor can detect glucose levels with remarkable sensitivity, around 40.89 kHz/decade, and a broad dynamic range covering 10 μM to 1 M. Additionally, the designed biosensor has excellent linearity performance, with a value of around 0.988. The proposed glucose biosensor has several benefits: lightweight, inexpensive, easy to build, and an acceptable selectivity response. Our study concludes by comparing the proposed RF sensor's effectiveness to that of existing glucose sensors, which it outperforms.},
}

@article {pmid38396137,
year = {2024},
author = {Matsumoto, T and Tanaka, G and Mori, S and Niki, M and Sato, S and Shiraki, T and Iso, Y and Nagashima, K and Irisawa, A and Nozawa, Y and Takada-Owada, A and Ishida, K and Aoki, T},
title = {A resected case of pancreatic head cancer developing 40 years after lateral pancreaticojejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis.},
journal = {Clinical journal of gastroenterology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {38396137},
issn = {1865-7265},
abstract = {A 72-year-old male patient presented to our department complaining of with upper abdominal pain and jaundice. He had a history of a side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy performed 40 years previously for chronic pancreatitis. A diagnostic workup revealed a tumor 3 cm in size in the pancreatic head as the etiology of the jaundice. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with resectable pancreatic cancer. Following two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, an extended pancreatoduodenectomy was performed because of tumor invasion at the previous pancreaticojejunostomy site. Concurrent portal vein resection and reconstruction were performed. Pathological examination confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (T2N1M0, Stage IIB). This case highlights the clinical challenges in pancreatic head carcinoma following a side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy. Although pancreaticojejunostomy is believed to reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis, clinicians should be aware that, even after this surgery, there is still a chance of developing pancreatic cancer during long-term follow-up.},
}

@article {pmid38393931,
year = {2024},
author = {Yang, XL and Ni, DH and Yu, Y and Zhao, JC and Lin, R and Xiu, C and Chang, ZX},
title = {Value of magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features in predicting histologic grade of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.},
journal = {Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3233/THC-230671},
pmid = {38393931},
issn = {1878-7401},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer has the second highest mortality rate of all cancers and occurs mainly in women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics features and histological grade of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast and to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy.

METHODS: The two conventional MRI quantitative indicators, i.e. the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the initial enhancement rate, were collected from 112 patients with breast cancer. The breast cancer lesions were manually segmented in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and ADC images, the differences in radiomics features between Grades I, II and III IDCs were compared and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.

RESULTS: The ADC values (0.77 ± 0.22 vs 0.91 ± 0.22 vs 0.92 ± 0.20, F= 4.204, p< 0.01), as well as the B_sum_variance (188.51 ± 67.803 vs 265.37 ± 77.86 vs 263.74 ± 82.58, F= 6.040, p< 0.01), L_energy (0.03 ± 0.02 vs 0.13 ± 0.11 vs 0.12 ± 0.14, F= 7.118, p< 0.01) and L_sum_average (0.78 ± 0.32 vs 16.34 ± 4.23 vs 015.45 ± 3.74, F= 21.860, p< 0.001) values of patients with Grade III IDC were significantly lower than those of patients with Grades I and II IDC. The B_uniform (0.15 ± 0.12 vs 0.11 ± 0.04 vs 0.12 ± 0.03, F= 3.797, p< 0.01) and L_SRE (0.85 ± 0.07 vs 0.78 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.32, F= 3.024, p< 0.01) values of patients with Grade III IDC were significantly higher than those of patients with Grades I and II IDC. All differences were statistically significant (p< 0.05). The ADC radiomics signature model had a higher area-under-the-curve value in identifying different grades of IDC than the ADC value model and the DCE radiomics signature model (0.869 vs 0.711 vs 0.682). The accuracy (0.812 vs 0.647 vs 0.710), specificity (0.731 vs 0.435 vs 0.342), positive predictive value (0.815 vs 0.663 vs 0.669) and negative predictive value (0.753 vs 0.570 vs 0.718) of the ADC radiomics signature model were all significantly better than the ADC value model and the DCE radiomics signature model.

CONCLUSION: ADC values and breast MRI radiomics signatures are significant in identifying the histological grades of IDC, with the ADC radiomics signatures having greater value.},
}

@article {pmid38388422,
year = {2024},
author = {Gan, J and Liu, M and Liu, F and Wen, J and Fu, W and Jia, J},
title = {Synchronous double primary small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal breast carcinoma: a case report.},
journal = {BMC pulmonary medicine},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {93},
pmid = {38388422},
issn = {1471-2466},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although lung and breast cancers are common malignancies, the occurrence of primary synchronous neoplasms involving these organs has been rarely reported in literature.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 75-year-old female patient presented at a local hospital with a ten-day history of dizziness and slurred speech. A CT contrast-enhanced scan revealed a 4.2 cm mass in the lower lobe of the right lung and a 3.8 cm space-occupying lesion in the right breast. Subsequent breast ultrasound identified a hypoechoic lesion measuring5.41 × 4.75 × 3.06 cm in the right breast, and an ultrasound-guided biopsy confirmed the presence of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the right breast. The immunohistochemistry analysis of the breast mass revealed positive staining for ER, PR, HER-2, AR and Ki67 in the tumor cells, while negative staining was observed for P63, Calponin, CK5/6 and CK14. MR imaging of the head detected abnormal signals in the right frontal lobe (3.6 cm×2.9 cm in size), left cerebellar hemisphere, and punctate enhancement in the left temporal lobe, indicating potential metastasis. Pathological examination of a lung biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis of the lung lesions demonstrated positive staining for TTF-1, CK-Pan, Syn, CgA, CD56, P53 (90%) and Ki67 (70%), and negative staining for NapsinA and P40 in the tumor cells. The patient's diagnosis of SCLC with stage cT2bN0M1c IVB and brain metastases (BM), as well as invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC), was confirmed based on the aforementioned results. Whereupon we proposed a treatment plan consisting of whole-brain radiation (40 Gy/20fractions), focal radiotherapy (60 Gy/20fractions), and adjuvant concurrent chemotherapy with oral etoposide (50 mg on days 1 to 20).

CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first of its kind to describe the synchronous double cancer, consisting of primary SCLC and IDC.},
}

@article {pmid38380465,
year = {2024},
author = {Anichkina, KA and Pasternak, AV and Arslanov, KS and Kvetenadze, GE and Shivilov, EV and Klimashevich, AV},
title = {[Domestic system for fluorescent diagnostics in breast cancer: pros and cons].},
journal = {Khirurgiia},
volume = {},
number = {2. Vyp. 2},
pages = {55-60},
doi = {10.17116/hirurgia202402255},
pmid = {38380465},
issn = {0023-1207},
mesh = {Humans ; Middle Aged ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/surgery ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Indocyanine Green ; Coloring Agents ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of identifying the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer using the «MARS» system for fluorescent diagnostics in near infrared light.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 51 patients with breast cancer cT0-2N0M0 between July 2023 and October 2023. Mean age of patients was 52.3 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma was diagnosed in 39 (76.5%) patients, invasive lobular carcinoma - in 8 (15.7%) patients, other forms of breast cancer - in 4 (7.8%) patients.

RESULTS: Sentinel lymph node was successfully identified in all cases (n=51). A total of 122 sentinel lymph nodes were detected and mapped (2.4 nodes per a patient).

CONCLUSION: The MARS system for intraoperative fluorescence diagnostics in near-infrared light is effective for identifying the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer.},
}

Humans
Middle Aged
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/surgery
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
Lymph Nodes/pathology
Indocyanine Green
Coloring Agents

@article {pmid38384043,
year = {2023},
author = {Soman, PS and Hemalatha, A and Sreeramulu, PN},
title = {Expression of BRCA1 by immunohistochemistry and its association with ER, PR, Her2neu status in infiltrative ductal carcinoma of breast.},
journal = {Journal of cancer research and therapeutics},
volume = {19},
number = {Suppl 2},
pages = {S706-S711},
doi = {10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_639_22},
pmid = {38384043},
issn = {1998-4138},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which differs in its clinical behaviors and responses to treatment and outcome. The prognosis of breast cancer depends on histopathological parameters and molecular subtypes. Among more than 300 genes, which are involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer tumor suppressor gene such as BRCA1 is known to play a significant role in hereditary cancers. However, its role in sporadic cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma is yet to be established.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the expression of BRCA1 in infiltrative ductal carcinoma and to analyze the association of BRCA1 with histopathological parameters and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (Her2) neu expression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a laboratory-based exploratory study in which 56 patients with infiltrative ductal carcinoma who underwent radical mastectomy from October 2019 to July 2021 were included. Patients with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, trucut biopsies, and incomplete patient details were excluded. Immunostaining for BRCA1 was performed. Individual clinicopathological parameters were compared with the BRCA1 mutation. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Among 56 cases of IDC, 18 cases (32.1%) showed BRCA1 mutation. BRCA1 mutation was associated with postmenopausal age, larger tumor size, lower tumor grade, and higher tumor staging. When we analyzed the biomarkers with BRCA1 mutation, it showed a negative association with ER, PR, and Her2 neu and a high Ki67 proliferation index. No family history of breast carcinoma was seen in 34/56 patients where history was available.

CONCLUSION: Our study showed BRCA1 mutation in 32.1% and associated with postmenopausal age group, larger tumor size, and higher staging and negative hormonal status of breast carcinoma.},
}

@article {pmid38384039,
year = {2023},
author = {Kathimanda, ST and Hussain, N and Bugalia, A and Sarangi, S},
title = {Role of breast ultrasonography in predicting accurate tumor dimensions in correlation with histopathology and its impact on staging of breast carcinoma.},
journal = {Journal of cancer research and therapeutics},
volume = {19},
number = {Suppl 2},
pages = {S682-S684},
doi = {10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_938_22},
pmid = {38384039},
issn = {1998-4138},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Estimation of the preoperative size of a breast tumor is of primary importance in deciding the treatment modality. Hence, clinical examination of the lump aided by the imaging is necessary. Our study is instrumental in correlating the size of breast tumor by high-resolution ultrasonography (USG) with the morphological size and also in comparing clinical staging of breast carcinoma against the gold standard pathological staging.

METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study of correlating the size of tumor on USG with the morphological size of biopsy proven invasive ductal carcinoma when received after excision. The size of the tumor was measured grossly and was compared with the USG measurements and palpatory findings.

RESULTS: Seventy percent of cases had good correlation between the USG and morphological size. In 50% of cases, the size on physical examination corroborated with the USG findings and only in 40% of the cases size on physical examination matched with morphological findings. In 65% of cases, the clinical staging of the breast carcinoma matched with the pathological staging. Our study reflected that USG promised to be the most useful radiological tool in predicting the accurate preoperative size of the tumor.

INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: We observed that USG has proved to be a very useful conjunct to clinical examination as only palpation was not found to be very accurate in predicting the actual tumor size. It proved to be safer and cheaper and effectively instrumental in meting out an effective management at pre- and postoperative level to the patient.},
}