@article {pmid36350000,
year = {2022},
author = {Chen, W and Wang, G and Zhang, G},
title = {Insights into the transition of ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma: morphology, molecular portraits, and the tumor microenvironment.},
journal = {Cancer biology & medicine},
volume = {19},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0440},
pmid = {36350000},
issn = {2095-3941},
support = {32171363//Natural Science Foundation Committee of China/ ; 2020YZ016002//Fujian Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for Social Development/ ; 3502Z20199047//Science and Technology Project of Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology/ ; XKLEC 2020KF02//Xiamen's Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Endocrine-Related Cancers/ ; //Xiamen's Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Endocrine-Related Cancers/ ; //Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer/ ; },
}

@article {pmid36347469,
year = {2022},
author = {Forster, C and Prax, K and Jaensch, P and Müller, S and Hepp, T and Schlager, H and Friedland, K and Zerth, J},
title = {[The Economic Evaluation of the GLICEMIA 2.0 Study as an Example of a Complex Intervention].},
journal = {Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/a-1924-7672},
pmid = {36347469},
issn = {1439-4421},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: A piggyback approach was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the prevention program delivered at the point of care pharmacy in the GLICEMIA 2.0 study that sought to guide participants in the intervention group to improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes with sustained incentivization of lifestyle changes, therapeutic compliance, and adherence. The control group received passive medication management and monitoring.

METHODS: Primary endpoint of the GLICEMIA 2.0 study was the stabilization of HbA1c values. For health economic evaluation, incremental differences in output changes were examined, defined as the difference in the distribution of the HbA1c values between both groups over time. Direct program costs and anticipated indirect costs of service utilization were used as cost parameters. A net monetary benefit approach was used to validate cost-effectiveness thresholds via the formation of ICER values.

RESULTS: The intervention group had significantly higher reductions in HbA1c-values. Risk stratification of initial HbA1c showed (short-term) cost effectiveness for initially higher HbA1c values. Due to the limited study period, no long-term differences in medical resource utilization could be assessed.

DISCUSSION: The GLICEMIA program indicates considerable effectiveness potentials, especially for high-risk patients. The study design seems to have assisted the intervention group's adherence in contrast to the control group. Detailed impacts within the complex intervention could not be validated due to restrictions of the study design as a complex intervention. Overall, statements about effect sustainability and further utilization rates progressions are limited due to a lack of follow-up.},
}

@article {pmid36344177,
year = {2022},
author = {Cai, Q and Shah, RB},
title = {Cribriform Lesions of the Prostate Gland.},
journal = {Surgical pathology clinics},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
pages = {591-608},
doi = {10.1016/j.path.2022.07.001},
pmid = {36344177},
issn = {1875-9157},
abstract = {"Cribriform lesions of the prostate represent an important and often diagnostically challenging spectrum of prostate pathology. These lesions range from normal anatomical variation, benign proliferative lesions, premalignant, suspicious to frankly malignant and biologically aggressive entities. The concept of cribriform prostate adenocarcinoma (CrP4) and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), in particular, has evolved significantly in recent years with a growing body of evidence suggesting that the presence of these morphologies is important for clinical decision-making in prostate cancer management. Therefore, accurate recognition and reporting of CrP4 and IDC-P architecture are especially important. This review discusses a contemporary diagnostic approach to cribriform lesions of the prostate with a focus on their key morphologic features, differential diagnosis, underlying molecular alterations, clinical significance, and reporting recommendations."},
}

@article {pmid36340971,
year = {2022},
author = {Shir-Raz, Y and Elisha, E and Martin, B and Ronel, N and Guetzkow, J},
title = {Censorship and Suppression of Covid-19 Heterodoxy: Tactics and Counter-Tactics.},
journal = {Minerva},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-27},
doi = {10.1007/s11024-022-09479-4},
pmid = {36340971},
issn = {0026-4695},
abstract = {The emergence of COVID-19 has led to numerous controversies over COVID-related knowledge and policy. To counter the perceived threat from doctors and scientists who challenge the official position of governmental and intergovernmental health authorities, some supporters of this orthodoxy have moved to censor those who promote dissenting views. The aim of the present study is to explore the experiences and responses of highly accomplished doctors and research scientists from different countries who have been targets of suppression and/or censorship following their publications and statements in relation to COVID-19 that challenge official views. Our findings point to the central role played by media organizations, and especially by information technology companies, in attempting to stifle debate over COVID-19 policy and measures. In the effort to silence alternative voices, widespread use was made not only of censorship, but of tactics of suppression that damaged the reputations and careers of dissenting doctors and scientists, regardless of their academic or medical status and regardless of their stature prior to expressing a contrary position. In place of open and fair discussion, censorship and suppression of scientific dissent has deleterious and far-reaching implications for medicine, science, and public health.},
}

@article {pmid36339683,
year = {2022},
author = {Wang, X and Xue, Y},
title = {Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Construction of Prognostic Models for Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast.},
journal = {Computational and mathematical methods in medicine},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {1072218},
doi = {10.1155/2022/1072218},
pmid = {36339683},
issn = {1748-6718},
abstract = {Objective: To compare and analyze the clinical characteristics of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast (IMPC-B) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast (IDC-B) and establish a prognostic model of IMPC-B.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data for patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2018 and screened 581 patients with IMPC and 1325 patients with IDC. We compared age, race, laterality, tumor site, histological grade, type of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, whether the first primary tumor, T stage, N stage, M stage, and molecular type between IMPC-B and IDC-B and draw survival curves of IMPC-B and IDC-B. The relationship between clinical factors and prognosis was investigated by univariate analysis using the Log-rank test and multivariate analysis of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. A risk scoring model was constructed based on independent risk factors to distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients; in addition, a nomogram was created to predict patient survival.

Results: There were differences between the two groups in the age of onset, race, tumor site, histological grade, type of surgery, N stage, and molecular type (p < 0.05). Overall survival was decreased in IMPC-B compared with IDC-B (p < 0.05). The prognosis of IMPC-B was significantly correlated with histological grade, whether the first primary tumor, type of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, T stage, and N stage. Based on the relationship between the above factors and overall survival prognosis, the risk score model we constructed can effectively distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients (p < 0.05). The established nomogram had better performance in predicting survival in patients with IMPC-B (C - index = 0.78).

Conclusion: IMPC-B has a worse prognosis than IDC-B, with earlier age of onset, higher histological grade, and later N stage, and luminal breast cancer is the main type. The nomogram can well predict the prognosis of patients with IMPC-B, which has a high clinical reference value and provides a scientific basis for clinical treatment.},
}

@article {pmid36338780,
year = {2019},
author = {Lam, JC and Gregson, DB and Robinson, S and Somayaji, R and Welikovitch, L and Conly, JM and Parkins, MD},
title = {Infectious diseases consultation improves key performance metrics in the management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A multicentre cohort study.},
journal = {Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada},
volume = {4},
number = {1},
pages = {24-32},
doi = {10.3138/jammi.2018-0036},
pmid = {36338780},
issn = {2371-0888},
abstract = {Background: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We sought to identify factors associated with infectious diseases consultation (IDC) and understand how IDC associates with SAB patient management and outcomes.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective study was performed between 2012 and 2014 in a large Canadian Health Zone in order to determine factors associated with IDC and performance of key quality of care determinants in SAB management and clinical outcomes. Factors subject to quality of care determinants were established a priori and studied for associations with IDC and 30-day all-cause mortality using multivariable analysis.

Results: Of 961 SAB episodes experienced by 892 adult patients, 605 episodes received an IDC. Patients receiving IDC were more likely to have prosthetic valves and joints and to have community-acquired and known sources of SAB, but increasing age decreased IDC occurrence. IDC was the strongest independent predictor for quality of care performance metrics, including repeat blood cultures and echocardiography. Mortality at 30 days was 20% in the cohort, and protective factors included IDC, achievement of source control, targeted therapy within 48 hours, and follow-up blood cultures but not the performance of echocardiography.

Conclusions: There were significant gaps between the treatments and investigations that patients actually received for SAB and what is considered the optimal management of their condition. IDC is associated with improved attainment of targeted SAB quality of care determinants and reduced mortality rates. Based on our findings, we propose a policy of mandatory IDC for all cases of SAB to improve patient management and outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid36338724,
year = {2022},
author = {Zhao, YY and Xiang, QM and Chen, JL and Zhang, L and Zheng, WL and Ke, D and Shi, RS and Yang, KW},
title = {SLC25A25-AS1 over-expression could be predicted the dismal prognosis and was related to the immune microenvironment in prostate cancer.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {990247},
doi = {10.3389/fonc.2022.990247},
pmid = {36338724},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {It has been established that long-chain coding RNA (lncRNA) SLC25A25-AS1 is associated with cancer progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of SLC25A25-AS1 in prostate cancer (PC) have not been reported in the literature. The present study explored the relationship between SLC25A25-AS1 expression and PC progression via comprehensive analysis. The pan-cancer expression of SLC25A25-AS1 was identified using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and tissue specimens from our hospital. The expression levels of SLC25A25-AS1 in various subgroups based on the clinical features were identified. The prognostic value of SLC25A25-AS1 and SLC25A25-AS1 co-expressed lncRNAs in PC patients was assessed by survival analysis and ROC analysis, and prognosis-related risk models of SLC25A25-AS1 were constructed. The relationship between SLC25A25-AS1 and the PC immune microenvironment was investigated using correlation analysis. SLC25A25-AS1 expression in PC was significantly increased and correlated with the T stage, clinical stage, Gleason score (GS), and dismal prognosis. SLC25A25-AS1 overexpression exhibited good performance in evaluating the prognosis of PC patients. The area under the curves (AUCs) of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) for SLC25A25-AS1 was 1, 0.876, and 0.749. Moreover, the AUCs for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year progress free interval (PFI) for SLC25A25-AS1 were 0.731, 0.701, and 0.718. SLC25A25-AS1 overexpression correlated with the infiltration of CD8 T cells, interstitial dendritic cells (IDC), macrophages and other cells. AC020558.2, ZNF32-AS2, AP4B1-AS1, AL355488.1, AC109460.3, SNHG1, C3orf35, LMNTD2-AS1, and AL365330.1 were significantly associated with SLC25A25-AS1 expression, and short OS and PFI in PC patients. The risk models of the SLC25A25-AS1-related lncRNAs were associated with a dismal prognosis in PC. Overall, SLC25A25-AS1 expression was increased in PC and related to the prognosis and PC immune microenvironment. The risk model of SLC25A25-AS1 have huge prospect for application as prognostic tools in PC.},
}

@article {pmid36335424,
year = {2022},
author = {Mekheal, E and Kania, BE and Kumari, P and Kumar, V and Maroules, M},
title = {Gynecomastia and Malignancy: A Case of Male Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.},
journal = {The American journal of case reports},
volume = {23},
number = {},
pages = {e937370},
doi = {10.12659/AJCR.937370},
pmid = {36335424},
issn = {1941-5923},
abstract = {BACKGROUND Male breast cancer represents a rare malignancy with identifiable risk factors, including genetics, radiation exposure, liver dysfunction, and concomitant diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome. Gynecomastia can commonly present in these patients, and despite increased estrogen levels in adipose breast tissue, gynecomastia has not been proven to be a significant risk factor for carcinoma development. Male patients with new-onset breast masses are recommended to undergo diagnostic mammograms and breast ultrasound for further evaluation. Those diagnosed with breast cancer most commonly have invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, and over half of these patients are found to have estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positivity. CASE REPORT In this case report, we present a Black man with gynecomastia and an areolar lesion for a 6-month duration following a traumatic event. He was initially referred to the surgical team for further evaluation, and subsequent imaging and biopsy data revealed ER/PR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma. Multidisciplinary discussions were held, and the patient was arranged to begin neoadjuvant treatment with doxorubicin hydrochloride and cyclophosphamide, followed by treatment with paclitaxel (AC-T) chemotherapy, followed by bilateral mastectomy and adjuvant hormonal therapy. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of male breast cancer has remained relatively like that of female breast cancer, which may be due to the limited data in the treatment of male breast cancer. Thus far, studies involving neoadjuvant chemotherapy of female patients have demonstrated promising responses to expand surgical options for patients and possibly decrease the rates of recurrence. Additional studies are warranted to discern optimal therapy for the male patient population.},
}

@article {pmid36332363,
year = {2022},
author = {Davis, AA and Gerratana, L and Clifton, K and Medford, AJ and Velimirovic, M and Hensing, WL and Bucheit, L and Shah, AN and D'Amico, P and Reduzzi, C and Zhang, Q and Dai, CS and Denault, EN and Bagegni, NA and Opyrchal, M and Ademuyiwa, FO and Bose, R and Gradishar, WJ and Behdad, A and Ma, CX and Bardia, A and Cristofanilli, M},
title = {Circulating tumour DNA characterisation of invasive lobular carcinoma in patients with metastatic breast cancer.},
journal = {EBioMedicine},
volume = {86},
number = {},
pages = {104316},
doi = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104316},
pmid = {36332363},
issn = {2352-3964},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Limited data exist to characterise molecular differences in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) for patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). We analysed metastatic breast cancer patients with ctDNA testing to assess genomic differences among patients with ILC, invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and mixed histology.

METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 980 clinically annotated patients (121 ILC, 792 IDC, and 67 mixed histology) from three academic centers with ctDNA evaluation by Guardant360™. Single nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs), and oncogenic pathways were compared across histologies.

FINDINGS: ILC was significantly associated with HR+ HER2 negative and HER2 low. SNVs were higher in patients with ILC compared to IDC or mixed histology (Mann Whitney U test, P < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, HR+ HER2 negative ILC was significantly associated with mutations in CDH1 (odds ratio (OR) 9.4, [95% CI 3.3-27.2]), ERBB2 (OR 3.6, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-8.2]), and PTEN (OR 2.5, [95% CI 1.05-5.8]) genes. CDH1 mutations were not present in the mixed histology cohort. Mutations in the PI3K pathway genes (OR 1.76 95% CI [1.18-2.64]) were more common in patients with ILC. In an independent cohort of nearly 7000 metastatic breast cancer patients, CDH1 was significantly co-mutated with targetable alterations (PIK3CA, ERBB2) and mutations associated with endocrine resistance (ARID1A, NF1, RB1, ESR1, FGFR2) (Benjamini-Hochberg Procedure, all q < 0.05).

INTERPRETATION: Evaluation of ctDNA revealed differences in pathogenic alterations and oncogenic pathways across breast cancer histologies with implications for histologic classification and precision medicine treatment.

FUNDING: Lynn Sage Cancer Research Foundation, OncoSET Precision Medicine Program, and UL1TR001422.},
}

@article {pmid36328867,
year = {2022},
author = {Cha, Y and Lee, S},
title = {Endoscopy-assisted latissimus dorsi muscle flap harvesting technique for immediate breast reconstruction.},
journal = {Annales de chirurgie plastique et esthetique},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.anplas.2022.09.004},
pmid = {36328867},
issn = {1768-319X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of endoscopy-assisted latissimus dorsi muscle flap (LDMF) harvesting in immediate breast reconstruction following partial mastectomy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 2016 to December 2019, sixteen female breast cancer patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction following partial mastectomy underwent LDMF harvesting with endoscopic assistance. This surgical technique was carried out with only one subaxillary skin incision without leaving a scar on the back. Patients' demographic characteristics, histopathologic factors, operative data, postoperative complications, and oncologic safety were collected through electronic chart review.

RESULTS: In sixteen patients, LDMFs were harvested successfully using an endoscopy-assisted technique without conversion to an open technique. The mean age of the patients was 48.0±8.0 years, and the mean body mass index was 24.4±3.9kg/m2. The most common histologic subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma, with a mean tumor size of 3.2±2.3cm. In terms of LDMF harvesting time, it took 168.4±44.0minutes. The most common postoperative complication, donor site seroma (75%), was managed non-surgically during the outpatient visit. In terms of cosmetic aspects, we've seen a high level of patient satisfaction, especially with scarring.

CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopy-assisted LDMF harvesting technique is safe and useful for breast reconstruction after partial mastectomy. Compared to the conventional open technique, this method does not leave a long scar on the donor site. As a result, it leads to better cosmetic outcomes and improves patient satisfaction.},
}

@article {pmid36320968,
year = {2022},
author = {Rathod, GB and Desai, KN and Shrivastava, A and Maru, AM},
title = {Correlation of Tumor Budding With Known Clinicopathological, Histomorphological and Hormonal Receptor Status in Patients With Invasive Breast Carcinoma.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
pages = {e29637},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.29637},
pmid = {36320968},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Introduction: Tumor blossoming may be a predictive indicator for a variety of cancers. At the invasive origin of the tumor, cells get detached from the original tumor mass. Aims & objectives: Studying breast cancer tumor budding, as well as its link to other prognostic indicators, such as clinicopathological features and hormone receptor status, will be the focus of this study. Materials & methods: Over six years, 110 cases of invasive breast cancer were examined. Ten high-power fields were used to analyze H&E-stained slices for tumor sprouting. It was determined that the tumor buds were divided into low and high grades. Tumor budding and other prognostic factors were compared using the chi-square test. It was considered significant if the p-value was less than or equal to 0.05. Results: There were 110 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, which accounts for more than half of the total cases (88.18%). A total of 144 tumors were present, of which 74 displayed strong budding and 36 displayed poor budding. A correlation between tumor budding and tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage is statistically significant (P = 0.0099). Conclusion: Tumor budding in breast cancer is an easily visible in microscopy, novel prognostic indicator. A new prognostic element may be added to the reporting process.},
}

@article {pmid36319039,
year = {2022},
author = {Khan, AM and Arjyal, L and Shamaileh, L and Simon, M},
title = {Gemcitabine-induced digital ischaemia in a patient with metastatic breast cancer.},
journal = {BMJ case reports},
volume = {15},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/bcr-2022-252083},
pmid = {36319039},
issn = {1757-790X},
abstract = {A woman in her 50s with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) positive, estrogen/progesterone receptor negative, metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, presented with acral cyanosis and severe throbbing pain after recent administration of gemcitabine. She was treated with aspirin, heparin, amlodipine, topical nitroglycerin and analgesics. Gemcitabine was discontinued permanently. She had a gradual recovery except for a small necrotic area over the right 4th digit. However, surgical intervention was avoided.},
}

@article {pmid36309875,
year = {2022},
author = {Chen, K and Chen, X and Su, Y},
title = {Is conservative treatment a good choice for pediatric intervertebral disc calcification in children?.},
journal = {European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36309875},
issn = {1432-0932},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Paediatric intervertebral disc calcification (PIDC) is a rare disease, and its aetiology remains unknown. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with PIDC.

METHODS: After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 159 children diagnosed with PIDC were analysed at our hospital between January 2010 and November 2020. Patients' demographic and clinical data were collected, such as sex, pain, duration time, physical examination, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months, and radiography or symptoms were evaluated. Fisher's exact test or χ2-test was used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-nine patients were ultimately followed up with for about 12.5 ± 5.8 months. There were 103 male and 56 female, with an average age of 6.08 ± 2.62 years (2 months to 12 years). A total of 109 patients had only one PIDC, 29 patients had two PIDCs, and 21 patients had multiple PIDCs. Thirty patients were found incidentally and were asymptomatic. A total of 106 patients had neck torticollis. Sixteen patients had IDC herniations, fifteen patients had posterior longitudinal ligament calcification, two patients had anterior longitudinal ligament calcification, and 17 patients had herniation of the vertebral canal. All patients underwent conservative treatment, and none underwent surgery. All patients' symptoms resolved after either collar fixation or neck traction.

CONCLUSION: PIDC can be treated conservatively, even when accompanied by herniation, longitudinal ligament calcification, or clinical neck symptoms.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.},
}

@article {pmid36309195,
year = {2022},
author = {Lin, CW and Chiang, MH and Tam, KW},
title = {Treatment of Mammary Paget Disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data.},
journal = {International journal of surgery (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {106964},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106964},
pmid = {36309195},
issn = {1743-9159},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Because the lesions of mammary Paget disease (MPD) are often limited to the nipple-areolar complex, the extension of optimal tumor excision is inconclusive. Moreover, the risk of potential tumor upstaging is unknown; therefore, the application of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is required for analysis. We systematically reviewed the real-world data to evaluate the optimal treatment and potential predictors of poorer prognosis for MPD.

METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. Clinical studies were included if they evaluated the outcome of positive rates of SLNB, prognostic risk factors of MPD, and survival outcomes of treatments of interest for MPD, including mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiotherapy, and BCS alone.

RESULTS: A total of 38 studies with 24,062 patients were retrieved. Compared with BCS alone (21.2%), mastectomy (5.9%; P < 0.001) and BCS with radiotherapy (8; P = 0.001) had significantly lower local recurrence rates. Patients with palpable tumors (30.2%) had significantly worse prognoses than those with impalpable (3.4%) tumors in metastasis (P < 0.001), and significantly higher local recurrence rates were observed in patients with underlying invasive carcinoma (6.7%) than those with noninvasive carcinoma (4.5%; P = 0.032). The positive rate of SLNB was 17% (95% CI: 0.115-0.226).

CONCLUSION: Except for MPD alone, BCS alone is not recommended for treating MPD with invasive ductal carcinoma and MPD with ductal carcinoma in situ. Moreover, a palpable mass, underlying invasive carcinoma, and positive lymph node status may lead to a poorer prognosis, which may be taken into consideration for the application of SLNB.},
}

@article {pmid36308374,
year = {2022},
author = {Gautam, P and Feroz, Z and Tiwari, S and Vijayraghavalu, S and Shukla, GC and Kumar, M},
title = {Investigating the Role of Glutathione S- Transferase Genes, Histopathological and Molecular Subtypes, Gene-Gene Interaction and Its Susceptibility to Breast Carcinoma in Ethnic North- Indian Population.},
journal = {Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP},
volume = {23},
number = {10},
pages = {3481-3490},
doi = {10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.10.3481},
pmid = {36308374},
issn = {2476-762X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast Cancer (BC) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease including complex interactions between gene-gene and gene-environment components. This study aimed, to explore whether the Glutathione S- transferase (GSTs) gene polymorphism has role in BC susceptibility. We further evaluated the frequency of four subtypes of BC based on molecular classification followed by microscopic histological analysis to study the grades of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

MATERIALS AND METHOD: Polymorphism in GST genes in North-Indian BC patients was assessed by multiplex-PCR and PCR-RFLP methods. 105 BC patients and 145 healthy controls were enrolled for this study. Data was analyzed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI from logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: Our findings revealed that GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 2.231; 95% CI = 1.332-3.737; p-value= 0.002) is significantly associated to BC risk in ethnic North- Indian population. However, the risk for BC susceptibility in North-Indians does not appear to be associated with GSTT1 null genotype. The GSTP1 (Val/Val) genotype (OR=1.545; CI=0.663-3.605; p-value= 0.314) was also found to be susceptible for BC risk. Combination of three high risk GST genotypes association exhibiting gene-gene interaction further confirmed the increased risk to BC in this region.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of present study indicated that polymorphism in GSTM1 and rs1695 of GSTP1 genes may influence BC development among North-Indian women. Thus, the screening of GSTM1 and GSTP1 gene should be recommended for the earlier investigation for BC as a precautionary measure.},
}

@article {pmid36303871,
year = {2022},
author = {Al-Saoudi, E and Christensen, MMB and Nawroth, P and Fleming, T and Hommel, EE and Jørgensen, ME and Fleischer, J and Hansen, CS},
title = {Advanced glycation end-products are associated with diabetic neuropathy in young adults with type 1 diabetes.},
journal = {Frontiers in endocrinology},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {891442},
pmid = {36303871},
issn = {1664-2392},
abstract = {Aims/hypothesis: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may contribute to the development of diabetic neuropathy. In young adults with type 1 diabetes, we aimed to investigate the association between AGEs and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN).

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 151 young adults. CAN was assessed by cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests; lying-to-standing test, deep breathing test (E/I), Valsalva manoeuvre, and heart rate variability indices; and the mean square of the sum of the squares of differences between consecutive R-R intervals and standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), high- (HF) and low-frequency (LF) power, total frequency power, and the LF/HF ratio. DSPN was assessed by light touch, pain and vibration perception threshold (VPT), neuropathy questionnaires, and objective measures. AGEs were analysed in four groups using z-scores adjusted for relevant confounders and multiple testing: i) "glycolytic dysfunction", ii) "lipid peroxidation", iii) "oxidative stress", and iv) "glucotoxicity".

Results: A higher z-score of "glycolytic dysfunction" was associated with higher VPT (4.14% (95% CI 1.31; 7.04), p = 0.004) and E/I (0.03% (95% CI 0.01; 0.05), p = 0.005), "lipid peroxidation" was associated with higher LF/HF ratio (37.72% (95% CI 1.12; 87.57), p = 0.044), and "glucotoxicity" was associated with lower SDNN (-4.20% (95% CI -8.1416; -0.0896), p = 0.047). No significance remained after adjustment for multiple testing.

Conclusions/interpretations: In young adults with type 1 diabetes, increased levels of AGEs involving different metabolic pathways were associated with several measures of CAN and DSPN, suggesting that AGEs may play a diverse role in the pathogeneses of diabetic neuropathy.},
}

@article {pmid36299777,
year = {2022},
author = {Bealy, MA and Abugooda, AA and Ahmed, RME and Khalil, NAR and Elasbali, AM and Mohamed, GEY and Eltom, FM and Ahmed, H},
title = {Patterns of Immunohistochemical Expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu Tumor Markers in Specific Breast Cancer Lesions.},
journal = {Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {2026284},
doi = {10.1155/2022/2026284},
pmid = {36299777},
issn = {1741-427X},
abstract = {Objective: This study aimed to associate the expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers in specific breast cancer lesions.

Methods: This study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers for 306 patients who presented with lesions. Tissue blocks and patients' identification data were retrieved from the department of pathology, AL Madinah Almonwarah hospital, Al Madinah, UAE.

Results: Of the 306 patients, 104 had benign lesions and 202 had malignancy (including 194 females and 6 males). Most females were presented with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), followed by infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), representing 70%, 23.2%, and 3.7%, respectively. Positive P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2 were identified in 20.8%, 11.9%, 91%, and 18.3%, respectively.

Conclusion: : The expression of P53, BCL2, PTEN, and HER2/neu tumor markers among Saudi patients with breast cancer is relatively similar in many parts of the world.},
}

@article {pmid36296007,
year = {2022},
author = {Hu, W and Wu, B and Srivastava, SK and Ay, SU},
title = {Comparative Study and Simulation of Capacitive Sensors in Microfluidic Channels for Sensitive Red Blood Cell Detection.},
journal = {Micromachines},
volume = {13},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/mi13101654},
pmid = {36296007},
issn = {2072-666X},
abstract = {Microfluidics provides an indispensable platform for combining analytical operations such as sample preparation, mixing, separation/enrichment, and detection onto a single compact platform, defined as a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device with applicability in biomedical and life science applications. Due to its ease of integration, 1D interdigital capacitive (IDC) sensors have been used in microfluidic platforms to detect particles of interest. This paper presents a comparative study on the use of capacitive sensors for microfluidic devices to detect bioparticles, more specifically red blood cells (RBCs). The detection sensitivities of 1D, 2D, and 3D capacitive sensors were determined by simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics® v5.5. A water-filled 25 μm × 25 μm PDMS microfluidic channel was used with different sizes (5-10 μm) of red blood cells passing across the capacitive sensor regions. The conformal mapping was used for translating the 1D IDC sensor dimensions into equivalent 2D/3D parallel plate capacitance (PPC) sensor dimensions, creating similar absolute sensor capacitance. The detection sensitivity of each capacitive sensor is determined, and a new 3D PPC sensor structure was proposed to improve the sensitivity for high-resolution RBC detection in microfluidic channels. Proposed 2D and 3D sensors provide a 3× to 20× improvement in sensitivity compared to the standard 1D IDC structures, achieving a 100 aF capacitance difference when a healthy RBC passes in the structure.},
}

@article {pmid36291370,
year = {2022},
author = {Riskin, Y and Riskin, A and Zaitoon, H and Habib, C and Blanche, E and Gover, A and Mintz, A},
title = {The Effects of Rudeness on NICU Medical Teams Studied by a New Tool for the Assessment of Decision-Making Group Dynamics.},
journal = {Children (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {9},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/children9101436},
pmid = {36291370},
issn = {2227-9067},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Group decision-making can be placed on a continuum of group dynamics, between Groupthink and Polythink.

OBJECTIVE: To present a new assessment tool for the characterization of medical teams' decision-making group dynamics, and test it to study the effects of exposure to rudeness on various types of group dynamics.

METHODS: Three judges who watched videotapes of critical care simulations evaluated 24 neonatal intensive care unit teams' decision-making processes. Teams were rated using the new assessment tool, especially designed for this quantitative study, based on items adapted from symptoms of Polythink and Groupthink.

RESULTS: Measures of reliability, inter-rater agreement and internal consistency, were reasonably good. Confirmatory factor analysis refined the tool and verified that the symptoms in each category (Polythink or Groupthink) of the refined 14 items' assessment tool were indeed measures of the construct. The average General Score was in the range of the balanced dynamic on the continuum, and without tendency towards one of the extremities (Groupthink or Polythink). No significant effect of exposure to rudeness on group dynamics was found.

CONCLUSIONS: This is a first attempt at using quantitative methods to evaluate decision-making group dynamics in medicine, by adapting symptoms of Groupthink and Polythink as items in a structured assessment tool. It suggests a new approach to understanding decision-making processes of medical teams. The assessment tool seems to be a promising, feasible and reasonably reliable research tool to be further studied in medicine and other disciplines engaged in decision-making.},
}

@article {pmid36289427,
year = {2022},
author = {Xu, R and Yang, TX and Fang, KW and Wang, G and Li, P},
title = {Efficacy, according to urodynamics, of OnabotulinumtoxinA compared with antimuscarinic drugs, for neurogenic detrusor overactivity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {17905},
pmid = {36289427},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {82160150//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; No. 2019FE001(-149)//Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department/ ; No.202001AY070001-062//Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department/ ; No.202101AY070001-154//Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department/ ; Grant No. H-2017045//Yunnan Medical Science Specialist Training Project/ ; 202201AT070240//Technology Department/Kunming Medical University Joint Project of Basic Research/ ; H-2017045//Technology Department/Kunming Medical University Joint Project of Basic Research/ ; },
abstract = {To summarize the differences in urodynamic outcomes between oral antimuscarinic drugs and OnabotulinumtoxinA, and finding a therapy that maintains good urodynamics in neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). We conducted a literature search of EMBASE and PubMed, with the language limited to English. In the analysis, all of the published randomized trials of OnabotulinumtoxinA or antimuscarinic drugs used to treat NDO were found and the results were finally obtained through Bayesian model analysis. A total of 12 RCTs and 2208 patients were included. OnabotulinumtoxinA 300U was superior to other drugs in terms of MCC, volume at IDC, and Pdetmax endpoints. OnabotulinumtoxinA 200U was more effective on the urodynamic endpoint of BC than other drugs or doses of OnabotulinumtoxinA. According to the MCC urodynamic results, oxybutynin, solifenacin 10 mg, and tolterodine 4 mg also had positive effects. OnabotulinumtoxinA 300U, 200U and 100U were better in improving the urodynamic results of NDO, and the current evidence also shows that selective injection of onabotulinumtoxinA can effectively improve the urodynamic results.},
}

@article {pmid36288886,
year = {2022},
author = {Takahashi, E and Imai, K and Fukuyama, M and Terata, K and Nanjo, H and Ishiyama, K and Hiroshima, Y and Yatsuyanagi, M and Kudo, C and Morishita, A and Wakita, A and Takashima, S and Sato, Y and Nomura, K and Minamiya, Y},
title = {Changes in Serum Trace Element Concentrations Before and After Surgery in Resectable Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Anticancer research},
volume = {42},
number = {11},
pages = {5323-5334},
doi = {10.21873/anticanres.16039},
pmid = {36288886},
issn = {1791-7530},
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: Minerals and trace elements (TEs) play vital roles in normal biological functions and in all cancers. Breast carcinoma is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in TE levels before and after breast cancer surgery and the clinical utility and reliability of TE levels assayed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 34 with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) treated with planned surgery were enrolled between August 2017 and February 2019. Blood samples were collected before and the day after resection of the primary tumor. All enrolled patients received mastectomy or quadrantectomy and axillary lymph node dissection/biopsy. Serum TE concentrations were determined using ICP-MS.

RESULTS: Changes in boron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, copper, zinc, and selenium levels from before to after surgery differed between IDC and DCIS patients. Boron and copper levels before surgery and changes in titanium, vanadium, and chromium before and after surgery are potential predictors distinguishing DCIS from IDC. Subset analysis showed that chromium is a potential biomarker for luminal subtype, while titanium and chromium are potential biomarkers for pathological staging.

CONCLUSION: Changes in serum TEs before and after surgery may help with diagnosis and staging of breast cancer and in establishing TE supplementation protocols.},
}

@article {pmid36284635,
year = {2022},
author = {Zhang, H and Yuan, J and Xiang, Y and Liu, Y},
title = {Comprehensive Analysis of NPSR1-AS1 as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker Involved in Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma.},
journal = {Journal of oncology},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {2099327},
doi = {10.1155/2022/2099327},
pmid = {36284635},
issn = {1687-8450},
abstract = {The incidence of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common subtype of lung cancer, continues to make lung cancer the largest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have a significant role in both the onset and progression of lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance and underlying mechanism of lncRNA NPSR1-AS1 (NPSR1-AS1) in LUAD. First, we performed an analysis on TCGA and identified 229 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) (including 216 upregulated lncRNAs and 13 downregulated lncRNAs). Then, we carried out a screening of the lncRNAs associated with survival, and a total of 382 survival-related lncRNAs were found. 15 survival-related DELs were identified. Among them, our attention focused on NPSR1-AS1. We found that the expression of NPSR1-AS1 was much higher in LUAD specimens compared to nontumor tissues. According to the results of the ROC assays, high NPSR1-AS1 expression had an AUC value of 0.904 for LUAD, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.881 to 0.927. The expression of NPSR1-AS1 was shown to be significantly elevated in a wide variety of cancers, according to the findings of a pancancer investigation. Functional enrichment analysis confirmed that NPSR1-AS1 was involved in LUAD progression via regulating several tumor-related pathways. Patients with high levels of NPSR1-AS1 expression were shown to have a shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) or overall survival (OS) than those with low levels of NPSR1-AS1 expression, according to the findings of a clinical investigation. It was determined by multivariate analysis that NPSR1-AS1 expressions served as an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of LUAD patients. The results of immune cell infiltration revealed that the expressions of NPSR1-AS1 were negatively associated with CD8 T cells, pDC, cytotoxic cells, mast cells, iDC, neutrophils, NK CD56dim cells, DC, Th17 cells, Tgd, and macrophages, while they were positively associated with NK CD56bright cells and B cells. Overall, our findings revealed that NPSR1-AS1 could serve as a potential biomarker to assess the clinical outcome and immune infiltration level in LUAD.},
}

@article {pmid36283996,
year = {2022},
author = {Sanderson, C and Verdellen, C and Debes, N and Tárnok, Z and van de Griendt, J and Zimmerman-Brenner, S and Murphy, T},
title = {Addressing co-occurring conditions in behavioural therapy for tic disorders: a review and guideline.},
journal = {European child & adolescent psychiatry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36283996},
issn = {1435-165X},
abstract = {Co-occurring psychiatric conditions are very common in tic disorders and Tourette syndrome. These additional symptoms are often detrimental to quality of life and may impact upon the implementation and efficacy of evidence-based behavioural therapies (BT) for tics. Combining a review of the available literature, relevant theory, and expert clinical practice, we present a guideline for implementing behavioural and psychosocial interventions when common comorbidities are present. These include attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, disruptive behaviour, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and depression. Practical recommendations are provided for assessment, formulation and management of specific and multiple comorbidities in BT for both children and adults. Despite comorbidities being common in tic disorders, few studies have comprehensively addressed how they may influence the efficacy or implementation of existing therapies or how such treatments may need to be modified or sequenced. We outline recommendations for future research, including randomised control trials of BT for those with specific or multiple comorbidities, as well as adequately powered sub-group analyses within larger scale trials or naturalistic study designs. Transdiagnostic models of psychiatric disorders and treatment, including modular cross-diagnostic therapies, which recognise the dimensionality of psychiatric disorders are also highlighted as an important focus in treatment development in tic disorders.},
}

@article {pmid36283257,
year = {2022},
author = {Öztürk, Ç and Aşkan, G and Öztürk, SD and Okcu, O and Şen, B and Bedir, R},
title = {Does the number of cell forming tumor budding alter the prognostic value in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast?.},
journal = {Pathology, research and practice},
volume = {240},
number = {},
pages = {154157},
doi = {10.1016/j.prp.2022.154157},
pmid = {36283257},
issn = {1618-0631},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The most commonly used definition for tumor budding (TB) is a single or a cell cluster of tumor cells up to 4 cells. However, there are different opinions regarding the number of cell (NOC) forming TB. It has been proven that TB is associated with poor prognostic factors in most tumors. The current study, it was aimed to investigate the prognostic value of NOC forming TB in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 326 cases with the diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma were examined. The NOC forming TB was counted from hematoxylin and eosin stained slide under X200 magnification for each case, and scoring five different TB as 1, ≤ 2, ≤ 3, ≤ 4, ≤ 5, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis based on survival was performed for each TB value separately, and the cut-off was determined.

RESULTS: All TB values were associated with poor outcome (p < 0.001), presence of distant metastasis (p < 0.001), high Ki67 proliferation index (p < 0.05), advanced stage (p < 0.05), presence of lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.001), and metastatic axillary lymph node (p < 0.001). According to ROC analysis performed to compare the predictiveness of survival, the area under the curve was similar for all TB values.

CONCLUSION: TB was associated with poor prognostic parameters, and the prognostic value of TB was not affected by NOC forming TB. The NOC up to 4 cells which have been accepted for colon carcinomas, could also provide practicality in breast carcinomas.},
}

@article {pmid36282904,
year = {2022},
author = {Cao, S and Qiu, Y and Unarta, IC and Goonetilleke, EC and Huang, X},
title = {The Ion-Dipole Correction of the 3DRISM Solvation Model to Accurately Compute Water Distributions around Negatively Charged Biomolecules.},
journal = {The journal of physical chemistry. B},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04431},
pmid = {36282904},
issn = {1520-5207},
abstract = {The 3D reference interaction site model (3DRISM) provides an efficient grid-based solvation model to compute the structural and thermodynamic properties of biomolecules in aqueous solutions. However, it remains challenging for existing 3DRISM methods to correctly predict water distributions around negatively charged solute molecules. In this paper, we first show that this challenge is mainly due to the orientation of water molecules in the first solvation shell of the negatively charged solute molecules. To properly consider this orientational preference, position-dependent two-body intramolecular correlations of solvent need to be included in the 3DRISM theory, but direct evaluations of these position-dependent two-body intramolecular correlations remain numerically intractable. To address this challenge, we introduce the Ion-Dipole Correction (IDC) to the 3DRISM theory, in which we incorporate the orientation preference of water molecules via an additional solute-solvent interaction term (i.e., the ion-dipole interaction) while keeping the formulism of the 3DRISM equation unchanged. We prove that this newly introduced IDC term is equivalent to an effective direct correlation function which can effectively consider the orientation effect that arises from position dependent two-body correlations. We first quantitatively validate our 3DRISM-IDC theory combined with the PSE3 closure on Cl-, [ClO]- (a two-site anion), and [NO2]- (a three-site anion). For all three anions, we show that our 3DRISM-IDC theory significantly outperforms the 3DRISM theory in accurately predicting the solvation structures in comparison to MD simulations, including RDFs and 3D water distributions. Furthermore, we have also demonstrated that the 3DRISM-IDC can improve the accuracy of hydration free-energy calculation for Cl-. We further demonstrate that our 3DRISM-IDC theory yields significant improvements over the 3DRISM theory when applied to compute the solvation structures for various negatively charged solute molecules, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a short peptide containing 19 residues, a DNA hairpin containing 24 nucleotides, and a riboswitch RNA molecule with 77 nucleotides. We expect that our 3DRISM-IDC-PSE3 solvation model holds great promise to be widely applied to study solvation properties for nucleic acids and other biomolecules containing negatively charged functional groups.},
}

@article {pmid36281523,
year = {2022},
author = {Chen, MY and Zarrin-Khameh, N and Xu, Y},
title = {Fine needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions focusing on secondary tumors with emphasis of metastatic breast cancer: A clinicopathological study with follow-up.},
journal = {Cancer medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cam4.5374},
pmid = {36281523},
issn = {2045-7634},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The data on metastatic tumors to the pancreas diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is limited. We report our experience of FNA of primary and secondary pancreatic tumors emphasizing metastatic breast cancer in the pancreas.

METHOD: Total 274 cases of pancreatic FNA in 10 years were retrospectively reviewed. Literature review of metastatic breast cancers to the pancreas was performed.

RESULTS: Out of the 274 cases, 7 (7/274, 2.6%) cases were non-diagnostic, 46 (46/274, 16.8%) cases were negative for malignancy, and 40 (40/274, 14.6%) cases were under the category of atypical cells. There were 133 (133/274, 48.5%) cases diagnosed as positive for malignancy, 20 (20/274, 7.3%) suspicious for malignancy, and 28 (28/274, 10.2%) cases in the category of neoplastic: other. The most common neoplasm diagnosed was ductal adenocarcinoma (114/274, 41.6%; 114/133, 85.7% in positive for malignancy category). Ten cases (10/274, 3.7%) were diagnosed as metastatic neoplasms to the pancreas, including four breast infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDC), one endocervical adenocarcinoma, one anal/rectal squamous cell carcinoma, one renal cell carcinoma, one hepatocellular carcinoma, one seminoma and one lung adenocarcinoma. We summarized the biomarkers of the four metastatic breast cancers and conducted literature review on biomarkers of metastatic breast cancers to the pancreas.

CONCLUSIONS: Upon analyzing FNAs of primary and secondary tumors in the pancreas, we have found breast carcinoma is the most common secondary pancreatic neoplasm in our patient population. Triple negative breast ductal carcinoma is the most common tumor among the metastasis of breast carcinomas to the pancreas. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report with a literature review focusing on biomarkers of metastatic breast cancer to the pancreas.},
}

@article {pmid36276283,
year = {2022},
author = {Shen, N and Zhu, S and Zhang, Z and Yong, X},
title = {High Expression of COL10A1 Is an Independent Predictive Poor Prognostic Biomarker and Associated with Immune Infiltration in Advanced Gastric Cancer Microenvironment.},
journal = {Journal of oncology},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {1463316},
doi = {10.1155/2022/1463316},
pmid = {36276283},
issn = {1687-8450},
abstract = {Medical technology has become more and more sophisticated recently, which, however, fails to contribute to a better prognosis for patients suffering advanced gastric cancer (GC). Hence, new biomarkers specific to GC diagnosis and prognosis shall be identified urgently. This study screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 375 GC samples and 32 paracancer tissue samples from TCGA datasets. The expression of Collagen type X alpha 1 (COL10A1) in GC was analyzed. The chi-square test assisted in analyzing the relevance of COL10A1 to the clinicopathologic characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method helped to assess the survival curves and log-rank tests assisted in the examination of the differences. The Cox proportional hazard regression model served for analyzing the risk factors for GC. Then, we developed a nomogram that contained the COL10A1 expression and clinical information. Finally, how COL10A1 expression was associated with the immune infiltration was also evaluated. In this study, 7179 upregulated and 3771 downregulated genes were identified. Among them, COL10A1 expression was distinctly increased in GC specimens compared with nontumor specimens. High COL10A1 expression exhibited an obvious relation to tumor T and pathologic stage. ROC assays confirmed the diagnostic value of COL10A1 expression in screening GC samples from normal samples. Survival data displayed that patients with high COL10A1 expression exhibited a shorter OS and DSS than those with low COL10A1 expression. We obtained a predictive nomogram, which could better predict the COL10A1 expression by virtue of discrimination and calibration. The prognostic value of COL10A1 expression was further confirmed in GSE84426 datasets. Immune assays revealed that COL10A1 expression was associated with tumor-filtrating immune cells, like CD8 T cells, cytotoxic cells, DC, eosinophils, iDC, macrophages, mast cells, NK CD56dim cells, NK cells, pDC, T helper cells, Tem, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, and Treg. Overall, we firstly proved that COL10A1 may be a novel and valuable prognostic and diagnostic factor for GC patients. In addition, COL10A1 has potential to be an immune indicator in GC.},
}

@article {pmid36276118,
year = {2022},
author = {Wang, Z and Fan, G and Zhu, H and Yu, L and She, D and Wei, Y and Huang, J and Li, T and Zhan, S and Zhou, S and Zhu, Y and Wang, Y and Chen, X and Zhao, J and Zhou, G},
title = {PLOD2 high expression associates with immune infiltration and facilitates cancer progression in osteosarcoma.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {980390},
doi = {10.3389/fonc.2022.980390},
pmid = {36276118},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) is a key gene in mediating the formation of the stabilized collagen cross-link, playing an important role in the progression of cancer. However, the interaction between OS and PLOD2 has not been clarified so far.

Methods: The target gene PLOD2 was screened through our own RNA-seq results and other two RNA-seq results from GEO database. The expression of PLOD2 in OS was detected by RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Functional experiments were performed to investigate the role of PLOD2 in OS cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis in vitro. An OS lung metastasis model was established to investigate the function of PLOD2 in OS metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo. The role of PLOD2 in immune infiltration in OS was explored by KEGG/GO analysis and immune infiltration analysis with TARGET, TCGA and TIMER.

Results: PLOD2 was high-expressed in OS, which was related to poor prognosis of OS patients. PLOD2 promoted OS cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro and aggravated OS metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis showed that PLOD2 played an important role in immune cell infiltration in OS, including CD8 positive T cells, macrophages M0 cells, DC cells, endothelial cells, iDC cells, ly endothelial cells, MEP cells, mv endothelial cells, native B cells, smooth muscle cells and Th1 cells. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of CD4 and CD8A was negatively correlated with the expression of PLOD2 in OS.

Conclusion: PLOD2 was high-expressed in OS and promoted OS migration, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro and facilitated OS metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo. PLOD2 was associated with immune cell infiltration in OS, which could be a promising target to treat OS patients with metastasis and utilized to guide clinical immunotherapy in the future.},
}

@article {pmid36275485,
year = {2022},
author = {Rehman, B and Mumtaz, A and Sajjad, B and Urooj, N and Khan, SM and Zahid, MT and Mannan, H and Chaudhary, MZ and Khan, A and Parvaiz, MA},
title = {Papillary Carcinoma of Breast: Clinicopathological Characteristics, Management, and Survival.},
journal = {International journal of breast cancer},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {5427837},
doi = {10.1155/2022/5427837},
pmid = {36275485},
issn = {2090-3170},
abstract = {Objective: To study clinicopathological features, treatment strategies, and prognosis of papillary carcinoma of breast. Material and Methods. Data from 58 patients were retrospectively reviewed from January 2010 to December 2016. Four types of papillary carcinoma (on final resected specimen) were included, i.e., invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC), intracystic (encapsulated) papillary carcinoma (EPC), solid papillary carcinoma (SPC), and papillary DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ). Various features of the four types were observed and compared.

Results: Of the 58 patients, 8 were males (13.7%). The mean age at presentation was 61 years; the mean tumor size was 33 mm. The frequency of each histological type was as follows: IPC (n = 22/38%), EPC (n = 22/38%), SPC (n = 12/20.6%), and papillary DCIS (n = 2/3.4%). Only two patients were ER negative (both IPC). HER-2 Neu was positive in 3 patients only, out of which 2 died of progressive disease (one EPC and one IPC). LN metastasis was present in 3 (5%) patients (one in each of 1st three types) and only one died of bone metastasis that was also Her-2Neu positive. All patients underwent upfront surgery except two patients who had synchronous IDC on the contralateral side. Breast conservation surgery (BCS) was performed in 34 (58.6%) and mastectomy in 22 (37.9%) patients. 13 patients did not undergo invasive axillary staging; the rest of 43 (74%) patients did (32 sentinel biopsy and 11 axillary dissection). Chemotherapy was given to 18 patients (31%), mostly to IPC (n = 12). Only 2 patients had bone metastasis (one was IPC and one EPC). Cancer-related death was observed in 3 patients. For all groups combined, 5-year OS was 98% and DFS was 92%.

Conclusion: Overall, papillary carcinoma of the breast has an excellent prognosis, even though less intense treatment modalities were used. It is still difficult to define the optimum management and avoid overtreatment, given the limited data in the literature.},
}

@article {pmid36273358,
year = {2022},
author = {Aihara, T and Kumamaru, H and Ishitobi, M and Miyashita, M and Miyata, H and Tamura, K and Yoshida, M and Ogo, E and Nagahashi, M and Asaga, S and Kojima, Y and Kadoya, T and Aogi, K and Niikura, N and Iijima, K and Hayashi, N and Kubo, M and Yamamoto, Y and Takeuchi, Y and Imoto, S and Jinno, H},
title = {Prognosis and effectiveness of chemotherapy for medullary breast carcinoma.},
journal = {Breast cancer research and treatment},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36273358},
issn = {1573-7217},
abstract = {PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the prognosis and potential benefit of postoperative chemotherapy according to subtype of medullary breast carcinoma (MedBC), a very rare invasive breast cancer.

METHODS: A cohort of 1518 female patients with unilateral MedBC and 284,544 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cases were enrolled from the Japanese Breast Cancer Registry. Prognosis of MedBC was compared to IDC among patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and HER2-negative subtype (553 exact-matched patients) and ER-positive and HER2-negative subtype (163 MedBC and 489 IDC patients via Cox regression). Disease free-survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between propensity score-matched adjuvant chemotherapy users and non-users with ER-negative and HER2-negative MedBC.

RESULTS: Among ER-negative and HER2-negative subtype patients, DFS (hazard ratio (HR) 0.45; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.30-0.68; log-rank P < 0.001) and OS (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.32-0.83; log-rank P = 0.004) were significantly better in MedBC than IDC. Patients treated with postoperative chemotherapy showed better DFS (HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.09-0.80; log-rank P = 0.02) and OS (HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.09-0.80; log-rank P = 0.02) compared to those without. For the ER-positive and HER2-negative subtype, the point estimate for HR for DFS was 0.60 (95% CI 0.24-1.22) while that for OS was 0.98 (95% CI 0.46-1.84) for MedBC.

CONCLUSION: In ER-negative and HER2-negative MedBC, the risk of recurrence and death was significantly lower than that of IDC, about half. Postoperative chemotherapy reduced recurrence and mortality. ER-positive and HER2-negative MedBC may have a lower risk of recurrence compared to IDC.},
}

@article {pmid36270911,
year = {2022},
author = {Cheng, L and Tariq, H and Yan, L and Reddy, SB and Gattuso, P},
title = {Fine-needle aspiration of intramammary lymph nodes: a clinical, radiographic, and cytologic review.},
journal = {Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.jasc.2022.09.004},
pmid = {36270911},
issn = {2213-2945},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Recognizing and sampling intramammary lymph nodes (IMLNs) is important in the clinical management of patients with breast carcinomas. We undertook a retrospective study to evaluate the clinical utility of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in assessing IMLNs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our pathology database was searched for all IMLN FNA cytology cases from January 2005 to December 2021. The cytologic findings, radiographic features, and clinical data were reviewed.

RESULTS: A total of 149 cases were identified. Eighteen of 149 (12%) patients had synchronous breast tumors, including 13 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs), 1 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 4 fibroadenomas. Among patients with synchronous IDCs, FNA of IMLNs was positive for metastatic carcinoma in 4 of 13 (30.7%) cases. The 4 patients with positive IMLNs all received mastectomies. Fifteen of 149 (10.7%) patients had a prior history of breast tumors, including 9 IDCs, 4 DCISs, 1 lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), and 1 fibroadenoma. Two of 149 (1.3%) patients had a prior history of lymphoma. In the patients with prior history of IDC, DCIS, LCIS, lymphomas and fibroadenomas, IMLN FNAs were all negative for malignancy. Two of 149 cases (1.3%) showed granulomatous lymphadenitis. The remaining 112 cases had negative IMLN FNAs and no significant clinical or pathological findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that IMLNs are commonly associated with synchronous/metachronous breast tumors (33 of 149, 22.1%). The incidence of positive IMLN FNA in patients with synchronous invasive breast carcinoma was 30.7% (4 of 13). FNA of IMLNs in conjunction with clinical presentation and radiologic findings allows triage of patients for appropriate clinical management and avoids additional unnecessary surgical procedures.},
}

@article {pmid36269831,
year = {2022},
author = {Demir, S and Wolff, G and Wieder, A and Maida, A and Bühler, L and Brune, M and Hautzinger, O and Feuchtinger, A and Poth, T and Szendroedi, J and Herzig, S and Ekim Üstünel, B},
title = {TSC22D4 interacts with Akt1 to regulate glucose metabolism.},
journal = {Science advances},
volume = {8},
number = {42},
pages = {eabo5555},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.abo5555},
pmid = {36269831},
issn = {2375-2548},
abstract = {Maladaptive insulin signaling is a key feature in the pathogenesis of severe metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes. Enhancing insulin sensitivity represents a major goal in the treatment of patients affected by diabetes. Here, we identify transforming growth factor-β1 stimulated clone 22 D4 (TSC22D4) as a novel interaction partner for protein kinase B/Akt1, a critical mediator of insulin/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. While energy deprivation and oxidative stress promote the TSC22D4-Akt1 interaction, refeeding mice or exposing cells to glucose and insulin impairs this interaction, which relies on an intrinsically disordered region (D2 domain) within TSC22D4. Functionally, the interaction with TSC22D4 reduces basal phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream targets during starvation, thereby promoting insulin sensitivity. Genetic, liver-specific reconstitution experiments in mice demonstrate that the interaction between TSC22D4 and Akt1 improves glucose handling and insulin sensitivity. Overall, our findings postulate a model whereby TSC22D4 acts as an environmental sensor and interacts with Akt1 to regulate insulin signaling and glucose metabolism.},
}

@article {pmid36259855,
year = {2022},
author = {Peach, A and Blaise, B and Parker, J and Larson, R},
title = {Noninflammatory presentation of cutaneous breast cancer: a retrospective case series at a single academic institution with review of the literature.},
journal = {Dermatology online journal},
volume = {28},
number = {4},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5070/D328458515},
pmid = {36259855},
issn = {1087-2108},
abstract = {Breast cancer with skin involvement is an uncommon clinical presentation of this malignancy. Breast cancer overall has a relatively high mortality rate and wide variety of presentations, making skin involvement by breast cancer a necessary consideration in the differential diagnosis for many types of breast lesions. A retrospective review of our own small academic dermatology outpatient clinic, between August 2006 and January 2020, found four cases of noninflammatory breast cancer with skin involvement diagnosed through biopsy by our dermatologists. This review was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. Of the four patients identified, three were female and one was male. One patient had prior history of invasive ductal carcinoma in remission before recurrence was diagnosed. Another patient had a history of melanoma in situ before diagnosis with breast cancer. Patients were treated with various combinations of surgery, radiation, and hormone therapy. These four cases are presented here in detail, which emphasize the role of the dermatologist in recognizing various cutaneous manifestations of noninflammatory breast cancer in order to make a timely diagnosis.},
}

@article {pmid36258934,
year = {2022},
author = {Salehiazar, S and Huang, H and Aghighi, M and Venegas, R},
title = {Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report of a Rare Type of Invasive Carcinoma.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
pages = {e29231},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.29231},
pmid = {36258934},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Lymphoepithelioma carcinoma (LELC) is an extremely rare type of mammary cancer. Based on the histology, it can be misdiagnosed with inflammatory lesions like mastitis and medullary carcinoma or other hematopoietic neoplasms like lymphoma in the breast. Since LELC has a good response to chemotherapy with a good prognosis, t is prognostically important to recognize LELC. We report a rare case of LELC in a 51-year-old pre-menopausal female with a left breast mass, diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), LELC type, treated with mastectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with a disease-free interval of 10 months. Herein, we present the case with its clinical presentation, radiologic imaging, histopathological features, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) findings. The rarity of this type of breast tumor warrants studying the behavior of these uncommon tumors to avoid misdiagnosis and establish well-defined criteria for diagnosis.},
}

@article {pmid36257189,
year = {2022},
author = {Metz, L and Bowyer, T and Burnett, J and Dion, M and Eslinger, P and Friese, J and Doll, C and McIntyre, J and Schrom, B},
title = {Source Term Analysis of Xenon (STAX): An effort focused on differentiating man-made isotope production from nuclear explosions via stack monitoring.},
journal = {Journal of environmental radioactivity},
volume = {255},
number = {},
pages = {107037},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107037},
pmid = {36257189},
issn = {1879-1700},
abstract = {An overview of the hardware and software developed for the Source Term Analysis of Xenon (STAX) project is presented which includes the data collection from two stack monitoring systems installed at medical isotope production facilities, infrastructure to transfer data to a central repository, and methods for sharing data from the repository with users. STAX is an experiment to collect radioxenon emission data from industrial nuclear facilities with the goal of developing a better understanding of the global radioxenon background and the effect industrial radioxenon releases have on nuclear explosion monitoring. A final goal of this work is to utilize collected data along with atmospheric transport modeling to calculate the contribution of a peak or set of peaks detected by the International Monitoring System (IMS) to provide desired discriminating information to the International Data Centre (IDC) and National Data Centers (NDCs). Types of data received from the STAX equipment are shown and collected data was used for a case study to predict radioxenon concentrations at two IMS stations closest to the Institute for RadioElements (IRE) in Belgium. The initial evaluation of results indicate that the data is very valuable to the nuclear explosion monitoring community.},
}

@article {pmid36249638,
year = {2022},
author = {Adam, R and Herman, M and Hodges, L and Duong, TQ and Fineberg, S and Roknsharifi, S},
title = {Invasive Lobular Cancer Arising in a Surgical Scar From Lumpectomy for a Previous Invasive Ductal Cancer of the Breast.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
pages = {e29054},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.29054},
pmid = {36249638},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {We describe a case of pathology-proven invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) arising in a scar over 15 years after lumpectomy for previous invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The tumor was detected on screening mammography as a new focal asymmetry at the scar site and confirmed at diagnostic mammography. Ultrasound demonstrated an irregular, shadowing, hypoechoic mass at the scar site. Ultrasound-guided biopsy revealed poorly differentiated invasive lobular carcinoma. MRI and CT showed an irregular mass with pectoralis muscle invasion. Multimodality imaging findings are described. This is the first case to our knowledge reporting multimodality imaging findings of a breast cancer developing at the site of a surgical scar that is histologically different from the originally resected cancer.},
}

@article {pmid36249118,
year = {2022},
author = {Sabour Takanlou, L and Cecener, G and Sabour Takanlou, M and Ozturk Nazlioglu, H and Tezcan Unlu, H and Isik, O and Egeli, U and Tunca, B and Cubukcu, E and Tolunay, S and Gokgoz, MS},
title = {Correlation between Ubiquitin E3 Ligases (SIAHs) and Heat Shock Protein 90 in Breast Cancer Patients.},
journal = {Iranian journal of public health},
volume = {51},
number = {8},
pages = {1836-1846},
doi = {10.18502/ijph.v51i8.10270},
pmid = {36249118},
issn = {2251-6093},
abstract = {Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and differences in the expression levels of the ER, PR, and HER2 the triplet of established biomarkers used for clinical decision-making have been reported among breast cancer patients. Furthermore, resistance to anti-estrogen and anti-HER2 therapies emerges in a considerable rate of breast cancer patients, and novel drug therapies are required. Several anomalous signaling pathways have been known in breast cancer have been known; heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is one of the most plenty proteins in breast cells. The family of ubiquitin ligases such as SIAH1 and SIAH2 is known to specifically target misfolded proteins to the proteasome; also, they have been illustrated to play a role in RAS signaling and as an essential downstream signaling component required for EGFR/HER2 in breast cancer.

Methods: The expression of SIAH2, HSP90, and HER2 was assessed by quantitative Real-Time PCR in 85 invasive ductal carcinoma breast tumor samples at Uludag University Hospital in Turkey during the years 2018-2019, and its association with the clinicopathologic variables of patients was evaluated.

Results: HSP90, SIAH1, and SIAH2 were significantly (P=0.0271, P=0.022, and P=0.0311) upregulated tumor tissue of patients with breast cancer. Moreover, this study observed a significant association between the high expression of SIAH2/HSP90 with ER status, high expression of HSP90 with Recurrence/Metastasis, and high expression of SIAH2 with Ki-67 proliferation index.

Conclusion: The HSP90 and SIAH2 expressions play a significant role in breast cancer development by combining the experimental and clinical data obtained from the literature.},
}

@article {pmid36248759,
year = {2022},
author = {Zengel, B and Çavdar, D and Özdemir, Ö and Taşlı, F and Karataş, M and Şimşek, C and Uslu, A},
title = {Gastrointestinal Tract Metastases of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast: An Immunohistochemical Survey Algorithm.},
journal = {European journal of breast health},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {375-380},
doi = {10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2022.2022-1-5},
pmid = {36248759},
issn = {2587-0831},
abstract = {Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for almost 15% of all breast carcinomas. The potential of ILC to metastasize to the gastointestinal system is significantly greater than that of invasive ductal carcinoma. Gastric metastasis occurred in the ninth year of the follow-up in a patient who was operated on the right breast due to ILC. The patient was investigated for simultaneous masses in the stomach and colon, and a random mass was found in her right breast.},
}

@article {pmid36248758,
year = {2022},
author = {Kelten Talu, C and Yeni Erdem, B and Arslan, E and Nazli, MA and Cakir, Y and Can Trabulus, D},
title = {The Clinicopathologic Features of 22 Cases With Primary Invasive Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast Identified in 1153 Cases With Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Single-Center Experience.},
journal = {European journal of breast health},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {360-370},
doi = {10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2022.2022-7-4},
pmid = {36248758},
issn = {2587-0831},
abstract = {Objective: Invasive papillary carcinoma (IPC) of the breast is an uncommon histologic subtype with limited data in the literature. The aim of this study was to increase the evidence base by presenting clinicopathological findings of cases diagnosed as IPC.

Materials and Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin sections and immunostaining of surgical excision specimens diagnosed as invasive breast carcinoma were re-evaluated, retrospectively.

Results: IPC was detected in 22 cases (1.9%), of which 7 (0.6%) had pure and 15 (1.3%) had mixed morphology. Histologic types accompanying IPC were: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (15/15); invasive micropapillary carcinoma (3/15); and pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (1/15). Patient ages ranged between 36 and 89 (median 56.5) and the tumor size from 8 to 70 mm (median 19 mm). The histologic grade was 3 in five cases, 2 in 13, and 1 in four cases. The nuclear grade was 3 in 10 cases and 2 in 12. The values of positivity for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, and Ki-67 index indicated Luminal B phenotype in 16 (72.7%), triple-negative in 5 (22.7%), and Luminal A in 1 case (4.6%). Ductal carcinoma in situ was noted in 19 cases (86.4%).

Conclusion: IPC was mostly detected as an accompanying carcinoma to IDC at postmenopausal ages and was mostly Luminal B phenotype with intermediate-to-high grade features.},
}

@article {pmid36246806,
year = {2022},
author = {Ren, Y and Zhang, J and Zhang, JD and Xu, JZ},
title = {Efficacy of digital breast tomosynthesis combined with magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of early breast cancer.},
journal = {World journal of clinical cases},
volume = {10},
number = {28},
pages = {10042-10052},
doi = {10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.10042},
pmid = {36246806},
issn = {2307-8960},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in China rank 120th and 163rd, worldwide, respectively. The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise; the risk increases with age but is slightly reduced after menopause. Early screening, diagnosis, and timely determination of the best treatment plan can ensure clinical efficacy and prognosis.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in diagnosing early breast cancer and the effect of breast-conserving surgery by arc incision.

METHODS: This study was divided into two parts. Firstly, 110 patients with early breast cancer confirmed by pathological examination and 110 with benign breast diseases diagnosed simultaneously in Changzhi People's Hospital of Shanxi Province and Shanxi Dayi Hospital from May 2019 to September 2020 were included in the breast cancer group and the benign group, respectively. Both groups underwent DBT and MRI examination, and the pathological results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined application of DBT and MRI in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. Secondly, according to the operation method, 110 patients with breast cancer were divided into either a breast-conserving group (69 patients) or a modified radical mastectomy group (41 patients). The surgical effect, cosmetic effect, and quality of life of the two groups were compared.

RESULTS: Among the 110 cases of breast cancer, 66 were of invasive ductal carcinoma (60.00%), and 22 were of ductal carcinoma in situ (20.00%). Among the 110 cases of benign breast tumors, 55 were of breast fibromas (50.00%), and 27 were of breast adenosis (24.55%). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of DBT in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 73.64%, 84.55%, and 0.791, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of MRI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 84.55%, 85.45%, and 0.850, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of DBT combined with MRI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 97.27%, 93.64%, and 0.955, respectively. The blood loss, operation time and hospitalization time of the breast-conserving group were significantly lower than those of the modified radical treatment group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 3 mo of observation, the breast cosmetic effect of the breast-conserving group was better than that of the modified radical group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before surgery, the quality-of-life scores of the breast-conserving and modified radical mastectomy groups did not differ (P > 0.05). Three months after surgery, the quality-of-life scores in both groups were higher than those before surgery (P < 0.05), and the quality-of-life score of the breast-conserving group was higher than that of the modified radical group (P < 0.05). In the observation of tumor recurrence rate two years after the operation, four patients in the breast-conserving group and one in the modified radical treatment group had a postoperative recurrence. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups (χ 2 = 0.668, P = 0.414 > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: MRI combined with DBT in diagnosing early breast cancer can significantly improve the diagnostic efficacy compared with the two alone. Breast-conserving surgery leads to better cosmetic breast effects and reduces the impact of surgery on postoperative quality of life.},
}

@article {pmid36246597,
year = {2022},
author = {Zhao, Z and Jiang, N and Zhang, Y and Bai, Y and Liu, T and Li, T and Guo, H and Yang, R},
title = {Analysis and identification of the necroptosis landscape on therapy and prognosis in bladder cancer.},
journal = {Frontiers in genetics},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {919829},
doi = {10.3389/fgene.2022.919829},
pmid = {36246597},
issn = {1664-8021},
abstract = {Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, but the current therapeutic strategy based on chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy cannot meet the treatment needs, mainly owing to the endogenous or acquired apoptotic resistance of cancer cells. Targeting necroptosis provides a novel strategy for chemotherapy and targeted drugs and improves the efficacy of ICIs because of strong immunogenicity of necroptosis. Therefore, we systemically analyzed the necroptosis landscape on therapy and prognosis in BLCA. We first divided BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database into two necroptosis-related clusters (C1 and C2). Necroptosis C2 showed a significantly better prognosis than C1, and the differential genes of C2 and C1 were mainly related to the immune response according to GO and KEGG analyses. Next, we constructed a novel necroptosis-related gene (NRG) signature consisting of SIRT6, FASN, GNLY, FNDC4, SRC, ANXA1, AIM2, and IKBKB to predict the survival of TCGA-BLCA cohort, and the accuracy of the NRG score was also verified by external datasets. In addition, a nomogram combining NRG score and several clinicopathological features was established to more accurately and conveniently predict the BLCA patient's survival. We also found that the NRG score was significantly related to the infiltration levels of CD8 T cells, NK cells, and iDC cells, the gene expression of CTLA4, PD-1, TIGIT, and LAG3 of TME, and the sensitivity to chemotherapy and targeted agents in BLCA patients. In conclusion, the NRG score has an excellent performance in evaluating the prognosis, clinicopathologic features, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic sensitivity of BLCA patients, which could be utilized as a guide for chemotherapy, ICI therapy, and combination therapy.},
}

@article {pmid36245246,
year = {2022},
author = {Blawski, R and Toska, E},
title = {A Unique FOXA1-Associated Chromatin State Dictates Therapeutic Resistance in Lobular Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Cancer research},
volume = {82},
number = {20},
pages = {3668-3670},
doi = {10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-2594},
pmid = {36245246},
issn = {1538-7445},
abstract = {Invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC) are the second most common histologic subtype of breast cancer, accounting for up to 15% of cases. ILC is estrogen receptor (ER) positive, yet its biology is distinct from invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), and retrospective analyses have indicated a poorer outcome with endocrine therapy. In this issue of Cancer Research, Nardone and colleagues investigated the mechanisms of this differential therapy response in ILC, which cannot be solely explained by the genetic profile of these tumors. The authors conducted a thorough examination of the epigenome of ILC compared with IDC in clinical and preclinical models and revealed an alternative chromatin accessibility state in ILC driven by the pioneer factor FOXA1. FOXA1 regulates its own expression in a feed-forward mechanism by binding to an ILC-unique FOXA1 enhancer site. This results in a FOXA1-ER axis that promotes the transcription of genes associated with tumor progression and tamoxifen resistance. Targeting the FOXA1 enhancer region blocks this transcriptional program and inhibits ILC proliferation. These results shed light on a new epigenetic mechanism driving ILC tumor progression and treatment resistance, which may have profound therapeutic implications. See related article by Nardone et al., p. 3673.},
}

@article {pmid36243006,
year = {2022},
author = {Sekar, R and Motzler, K and Kwon, Y and Novikoff, A and Jülg, J and Najafi, B and Wang, S and Warnke, AL and Seitz, S and Hass, D and Gancheva, S and Kahl, S and Yang, B and Finan, B and Schwarz, K and Okun, JG and Roden, M and Blüher, M and Müller, TD and Krahmer, N and Behrends, C and Plettenburg, O and Miaczynska, M and Herzig, S and Zeigerer, A},
title = {Vps37a regulates hepatic glucose production by controlling glucagon receptor localization to endosomes.},
journal = {Cell metabolism},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.022},
pmid = {36243006},
issn = {1932-7420},
abstract = {During mammalian energy homeostasis, the glucagon receptor (Gcgr) plays a key role in regulating both glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, the mechanisms by which these distinct signaling arms are differentially regulated remain poorly understood. Using a Cy5-glucagon agonist, we show that the endosomal protein Vps37a uncouples glucose production from lipid usage downstream of Gcgr signaling by altering intracellular receptor localization. Hepatocyte-specific knockdown of Vps37a causes an accumulation of Gcgr in endosomes, resulting in overactivation of the cAMP/PKA/p-Creb signaling pathway to gluconeogenesis without affecting β-oxidation. Shifting the receptor back to the plasma membrane rescues the differential signaling and highlights the importance of the spatiotemporal localization of Gcgr for its metabolic effects. Importantly, since Vps37a knockdown in animals fed with a high-fat diet leads to hyperglycemia, although its overexpression reduces blood glucose levels, these data reveal a contribution of endosomal signaling to metabolic diseases that could be exploited for treatments of type 2 diabetes.},
}

@article {pmid36240525,
year = {2022},
author = {Sandor, MF and Schwalbach, B and Hofmann, V and Istrate, SE and Schuller, Z and Ionescu, E and Heimann, S and Ragazzi, M and Lux, MP},
title = {Imaging of lumpectomy surface with large field-of-view confocal laser scanning microscope for intraoperative margin assessment - POLARHIS study.},
journal = {Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)},
volume = {66},
number = {},
pages = {118-125},
doi = {10.1016/j.breast.2022.10.003},
pmid = {36240525},
issn = {1532-3080},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in case of breast cancer and/or in-situ-carcinoma lesions (DCIS) intends to completely remove breast cancer while saving healthy tissue as much as possible to achieve better aesthetic and psychological outcomes for the patient. Such modality should result in postoperative tumor-free margins of the surgical resection in order to carry on with the next therapeutical steps of the patient care. However, 10-40% of patients undergo more than one procedure to achieve acceptable cancer-negative margins. A 2nd operation or further operation (re-operation) has physical, psychological, and economic consequences. It also delays the administration of adjuvant therapy, and has been associated with an elevated risk of local and distant disease relapse. In addition, a high re-operation rate can have significant economic effects - both for the service provider and for the payer. A more efficient intraoperative assessment of the margin may address these issues. Recently, a large field-of-view confocal laser scanning microscope designed to allow real-time intraoperative margin assessment has arrived on the market - the Histolog Scanner. In this paper, we present the first evaluation of lumpectomy margins assessment with this new device.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 consecutive patients undergoing BCS with invasive and/or DCIS were included. The whole surface of the surgical specimens was imaged right after the operation using the Histolog Scanner (HLS). The assessment of all the specimen margins was performed intraoperatively according to the standard-of-care of the center which consists of combined ultrasound (IOUS) and/or conventional specimen radiography (CSR), and gross surgical inspection. Margin assessment on HLS images was blindly performed after the surgery by 5 surgeons and one pathologist. The capabilities to correctly determine margin status in HLS images was compared to the final histopathological assessment. Furthermore, the potential reduction of positive-margin and re-operation rates by utilization of the HLS were extrapolated.

RESULTS: The study population included 7/40 patients with DCIS (17.5%), 17/40 patients with DCIS and invasive ductal cancer (IDC NST) (42.5%), 10/40 patients with IDC NST (25%), 4/40 with invasive lobular cancer (ILC) (10%), and 1/40 patients with a mix of IDC NST, DCIS, and ILC. Clinical routine resulted in 13 patients with positive margins identified by final histopathological assessment, resulting in 12 re-operations (30% re-operation rate). Amongst these 12 patients, 10 had DCIS components involved in their margin, confirming the importance of improving the detection accuracy of this specific lesion. Surgeons, who were given a short familiarization on HLS images, and a pathologist were able to detect positive margins in 4/12 and 7/12 patients (33% and 58%), respectively, that were missed by the intraoperative standard of care. In addition, a retrospective analysis of the HLS images revealed that cancer lesions can be identified in 9/12 (75%) patients with positive margins.

CONCLUSION: The present study presents that breast cancer can be detected by surgeons and pathologists in HLS images of lumpectomy margins leading to a potential reduction of 30% and 75% of the re-operations. The Histolog Scanner is easily inserted into the clinical workflow and has the potential to improve the intraoperative standard-of-care for the assessment of breast conserving treatments. In addition, it has the potential to increase oncological safety and cosmetics by avoiding subsequent resections and can also have a significant positive economic effect for service providers and cost bearers. The data presented in this study will have to be further confirmed in a prospective phase-III-trial.},
}

@article {pmid36239760,
year = {2022},
author = {Oesterreich, S and Nasrazadani, A and Zou, J and Carleton, N and Onger, T and Wright, MD and Li, Y and Demanelis, K and Ramaswamy, B and Tseng, G and Lee, AV and Williams, N and Kruse, M},
title = {Clinicopathological Features and Outcomes Comparing Patients With Invasive Ductal and Lobular Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jnci/djac157},
pmid = {36239760},
issn = {1460-2105},
support = {NCI P30CA047904/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in better understanding the biology and clinical presentation of invasive lobular cancer (ILC), which is the most common special histological subtype of breast cancer. Limited large contemporary data sets are available allowing comparison of clinicopathologic features between ILC and invasive ductal cancer (IDC).

METHODS: The Great Lakes Breast Cancer Consortium was formed to compare clinical behavior of ILC (n = 3617) and IDC (n = 30 045) from 33 662 patients treated between 1990 and 2017 at 3 large clinical centers. We used Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazards modeling, and propensity score matching to evaluate treatment differences and outcomes. All statistical testing used 2-sided P values.

RESULTS: Compared with IDC, patients with ILC were more frequently diagnosed at later stages and with more lymph node involvement (corrected P < .001). Estrogen receptor-positive ILCs were of lower grade (grade 1 and 2: 90% in ILC vs 72% in IDC) but larger in size (T3 and 4: 14.3% in ILC vs 3.4% in IDC) (corrected P < .001), and since 1990, the mean ILC size detected at diagnosis increased yearly. Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive ILC underwent statistically significantly more mastectomies compared with ER-positive IDC (57% vs 46%). Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with ER-positive ILC had statistically significantly worse disease-free survival and overall survival than ER-positive IDC although 6 times more IDCs were classified as high risk by OncotypeDx Breast Recurrence Score assay.

CONCLUSIONS: This large, retrospective, collaborative analysis with 3 clinical centers identified meaningful differences in clinicopathological features between ILC and IDC, providing further evidence that these are 2 different entities requiring different clinical management.},
}

@article {pmid36238916,
year = {2022},
author = {Kim, YJ and Jung, HK and Kim, W},
title = {An Unusual Presentation of Extensive Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Accompanying Invasive Ductal Carcinoma on MRI: A Case Report.},
journal = {Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology},
volume = {83},
number = {4},
pages = {898-903},
doi = {10.3348/jksr.2021.0092},
pmid = {36238916},
issn = {2951-0805},
abstract = {The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ has increased with the rise in screening mammography; currently, ductal carcinoma in situ constitutes 20%-25% of all breast cancers, and up to half of them may become invasive. Its early detection is critical in improving the cure rate. Moreover, MRI has higher sensitivity for its detection than mammography. Herein, we report an unusual case of ductal carcinoma in situ presenting as a continuous, serpentine, linear enhancement with regional distribution on MRI.},
}

@article {pmid36238736,
year = {2021},
author = {Woo, SH and Jung, HK and Kim, W},
title = {Bilateral Breast Cancer in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report.},
journal = {Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe chi},
volume = {82},
number = {2},
pages = {417-422},
doi = {10.3348/jksr.2020.0092},
pmid = {36238736},
issn = {2288-2928},
abstract = {Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare neuroectodermal disease that is associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Here, we report a rare case of bilateral breast cancer in a 49-year-old woman with NF1 that presented as a microlobulated oval hypoechoic mass and a complex cystic solid mass on sonography. She underwent bilateral mastectomy. The masses were diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. We describe the imaging findings, including ultrasonography, CT, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET.},
}

@article {pmid36238615,
year = {2020},
author = {Lee, DH and Yoon, RG and An, JK and Woo, JJ},
title = {Ultrasonographic Features and the Diagnostic Role of Core Needle Biopsy at Metastatic Breast Cancer in the Thyroid gland: A Case Report.},
journal = {Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe chi},
volume = {81},
number = {3},
pages = {719-725},
doi = {10.3348/jksr.2020.81.3.719},
pmid = {36238615},
issn = {2288-2928},
abstract = {Metastases to the thyroid gland have rarely been reported in clinical settings, and the thyroid gland is an uncommon site for breast carcinoma metastasis. We report a case of a 64-year-old breast cancer patient diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma in the thyroid gland after performing ultrasonography (US)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) and subsequent total thyroidectomy. On US, the thyroid lesion appeared to be mildly enlarged with multiple internal hypoechoic lines and a few microcalcifications without mass formation. Under US-guidance, CNB was performed by targeting the area with microcalcifications and subsequently diagnosed as metastatic breast carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy revealed that the patient had metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with lymphatic spread involving both lobes and the isthmus of the thyroid gland. Although the thyroid gland is an uncommon metastatic site, the unusual features of thyroid metastasis can be observed on US; thus, US-guided CNB effectively aids the diagnosis of thyroid metastasis.},
}

@article {pmid36238494,
year = {2022},
author = {Zhao, W and Wu, T and Zhan, J and Dong, Z},
title = {Identification of the Immune Status of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Integrated Analysis of Bulk- and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data.},
journal = {Computational and mathematical methods in medicine},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {7153491},
doi = {10.1155/2022/7153491},
pmid = {36238494},
issn = {1748-6718},
abstract = {Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common hereditary cardiomyopathy and immune infiltration is considered an indispensable factor involved in its pathogenesis. In this study, we attempted to combine bulk sequencing and single-cell sequencing to map the immune infiltration-related genes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: The GSE36961, GSE160997, and GSE122930 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The compositional patterns of the 18 types of immune cell fraction and pathway enrichment score in control and HCM patients were estimated based on the GSE36961 cohort using xCell algorithm. The Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify genes associated with immune infiltration for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The area under the curve (AUC) value was obtained and used to evaluate the discriminatory ability of common immune-related DEGs. "NetworkAnalyst" platform was used to identify TF-gene and TF-miRNA interaction with identified common genes. Heat map was used to determine the association between common DEGs and various immune cells.

Results: Immune infiltration analysis by the xCell algorithm showed a higher level of CD8+ naive T cells, CD8+ T cells, as well as a lower level of activated dendritic cells (aDC), dendritic cells (DC), immature dendritic cells (iDC), conventional dendritic cells (cDC), macrophages, M1 macrophages, monocytes, and NKT cell in HCM compared with the control group in GSE36961 dataset. aDC, macrophages, and M1 macrophages were the top three discriminators between HCM and control groups with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.907, 0.867, and 0.941. WGCNA analysis showed that 1258 immune-related genes were included in four different modules. Of these modules, the turquoise module showed a pivotal correlation with HCM. 13 common immune-related DEGs were found by intersecting common DEGs in GSE36961 and GSE160997 datasets with genes from the genes in turquoise module. 5 hub immune-related genes (S100A9, TYROBP, FCER1G, CD14, and S100A8) were identified by protein interaction network. Through analysis of single-cell sequencing data, S100a9, TYROBP, FCER1G, and S100a8 were mainly expressed by infiltrated M1 proinflammatory cells, especially Ccr2-M1 proinflammatory macrophage cells in the heart immune microenvironment while Cd14 was expressed by infiltrated M1 proinflammatory macrophage cells and M2 macrophages in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice at 1 week. Higher M2 macrophage and M1 proinflammatory macrophage infiltration as well as lower Ccr2-M1 proinflammatory macrophage and dendritic cells were shown in TAC 1week mice compared with sham mice.

Conclusions: There was a difference in immune infiltration between HCM patients and normal groups. aDC, macrophages, and M1 macrophages were the top three discriminator immune cell subsets between HCM and control groups. S100A9, TYROBP, FCER1G, CD14, and S100A8 were identified as potential biomarkers to discriminate HCM from the control group. S100a9, TYROBP, FCER1G, and S100a8 were mainly expressed by infiltrated M1 proinflammatory cells, especially Ccr2-M1 proinflammatory cells in the heart immune microenvironment while Cd14 was expressed by M2 macrophages in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice at 1 week.},
}

@article {pmid36238077,
year = {2021},
author = {Lee, SY and Woo, OH and Shin, HS and Song, SE and Cho, KR and Seo, BK and Hwang, SY},
title = {Assessment of Additional MRI-Detected Breast Lesions Using the Quantitative Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Scans and Its Comparability with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Findings of the Breast.},
journal = {Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe chi},
volume = {82},
number = {4},
pages = {889-902},
doi = {10.3348/jksr.2020.0115},
pmid = {36238077},
issn = {2288-2928},
abstract = {Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for additional MR-detected enhancing lesions and to determine whether or not kinetic pattern results comparable to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of the breast can be obtained using the quantitative analysis of CEUS.

Materials and Methods: In this single-center prospective study, a total of 71 additional MR-detected breast lesions were included. CEUS examination was performed, and lesions were categorized according to the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CEUS were calculated by comparing the BI-RADS category to the final pathology results. The degree of agreement between CEUS and DCE-MRI kinetic patterns was evaluated using weighted kappa.

Results: On CEUS, 46 lesions were assigned as BI-RADS category 4B, 4C, or 5, while 25 lesions category 3 or 4A. The diagnostic performance of CEUS for enhancing lesions on DCE-MRI was excellent, with 84.9% sensitivity, 94.4% specificity, and 97.8% positive predictive value. A total of 57/71 (80%) lesions had correlating kinetic patterns and showed good agreement (weighted kappa = 0.66) between CEUS and DCE-MRI. Benign lesions showed excellent agreement (weighted kappa = 0.84), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) showed good agreement (weighted kappa = 0.69).

Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of CEUS for additional MR-detected breast lesions was excellent. Accurate kinetic pattern assessment, fairly comparable to DCE-MRI, can be obtained for benign and IDC lesions using CEUS.},
}

@article {pmid36238057,
year = {2021},
author = {Park, HM and Lim, HS and Ki, SY and Lee, HJ and Lee, JS and Park, MH},
title = {[Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Originating from a Borderline Phyllodes Tumor in a Young Female: A Case Report].},
journal = {Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe chi},
volume = {82},
number = {4},
pages = {971-976},
doi = {10.3348/jksr.2020.0155},
pmid = {36238057},
issn = {2288-2928},
abstract = {Phyllodes tumors of the breast are relatively rare fibroepithelial tumors that account for less than 1% of primary breast neoplasms. Phyllodes tumors have epithelial and stromal components and they originate from the periductal stroma. They are classified as benign, borderline, or malignant. Carcinomatous differentiation of the epithelial components of phyllodes tumors is rare, and their imaging features have not been accurately described. Herein, we report a rare case of invasive ductal carcinoma originating from a borderline phyllodes tumor in a 21-year-old female with radiologic and pathologic findings.},
}

@article {pmid36237742,
year = {2022},
author = {Makaranka, S and Frixou, M and Mustafa, A and Husain, E},
title = {Cutaneous Sebaceous Carcinoma Presenting as a Large Fungating Breast Tumour in Synchronicity With Primary Carcinomata of the Breasts.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
pages = {e28896},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.28896},
pmid = {36237742},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Sebaceous carcinomas are rare malignant tumours which arise from sebaceous glands. They are subclassified into ocular and extraocular subtypes and most commonly occur in the head and neck region. Tumours below the neck occur infrequently, and most commonly resemble benign skin lesions such as pyogenic granulomata and molluscum contagiosum, or malignant skin tumours like basal and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). We report a case of an 86-year-old lady presenting with a fungating breast tumour which began as a "mole" and exhibited insidious growth over five years to reach a maximum size of 10 cm. An excision biopsy was performed by the breast surgery team and histopathological analysis revealed a sebaceous carcinoma arising from the skin adnexa. On subsequent follow up, the patient was found to have a 19 mm mass in the left breast and a 20 mm mass in the right breast, which was P5 and P3 on clinical palpation, respectively. Core biopsies of left and right breast lesions showed invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma with lobular features respectively; the patient was started on primary letrozole treatment. The patient also went on to have a 2 cm wide local excision of the sebaceous carcinoma scar which was excised down to the pectoralis fascia. This is a unique presentation of a sebaceous gland carcinoma presenting as a fungating breast tumour. These tumours have a high metastatic potential and local recurrence rate, and can co-exist with primary carcinoma of the breast.},
}

@article {pmid36237483,
year = {2022},
author = {Alsumai, TS and Alhazzaa, N and Alshamrani, A and Assiri, S and Alhefdhi, A},
title = {Factors Predicting Positive Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer.},
journal = {Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press)},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {323-334},
doi = {10.2147/BCTT.S373005},
pmid = {36237483},
issn = {1179-1314},
abstract = {Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) is the standard tool to stage the axilla of breast cancer patients. This study aimed to identify the predictors of positive SLNB in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer.

Patients and Methods: A retrospective, single-institution cohort of patients with early-stage breast cancer without clinically identifiable axillary lymphadenopathy was chosen from January 2010 to December 2018. Logistic regression was used to identify possible predictors of positive SLNB.

Results: Four hundred and seventy patients were identified; their mean age was 50±11 years. Most patients had the following characteristics: invasive ductal carcinoma (n=382, 81.3%), unilateral tumor (n=461, 98.1%), unifocal disease (n=351, 74.7%), intermediate grade (n=276, 59.0%), and estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negativity (n=305, 64.9%). The mean size of the breast mass was 2.3±1.5 cm. SLNB was positive in 128 (27.2%) cases. The mean number of SLNs was 2±1.2. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 109 patients. The mean number of lymph nodes removed was 15±6. In 66 (60.6%) of the 109 patients with metastatic axillary nodes, only the SLNs were found to be positive. The number of SLNs, tumor size, tumor grade, receptor status, prominent axillary lymph nodes, and lymphovascular invasion predicted positive SLNB (P = 0.01, 0.03, 0.03, and 0.04 and <0.001 and <0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: Our results suggest that a number of histopathological and radiological characteristics of breast cancer can predict SLNB positivity in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients.},
}

@article {pmid36230503,
year = {2022},
author = {Chang, YS and Chou, YP and Chung, CC and Lee, YT and Yen, JC and Jeng, LB and Chang, JG},
title = {Molecular Classification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Wnt-Hippo Signaling Pathway-Related Genes.},
journal = {Cancers},
volume = {14},
number = {19},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/cancers14194580},
pmid = {36230503},
issn = {2072-6694},
support = {DMR-111-131//China Medical University Hospital/ ; MOST-109-2320-B-039-052 and MOST-110-2321-B-039-002//Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan/ ; },
abstract = {In Taiwan, a combination of hepatitis B and C infection, economic boom-related food and alcohol overconsumption, and Chinese medicine prescriptions has led to a high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the causative factors and underlying tumor biology for this unique HCC environment have not been identified. Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways play an important regulatory role in HCC development, and their functions are generally considered as positive and negative regulators of cell proliferation, respectively. In this study, we characterized the molecular features of HCC using a newly developed classification system based on the expression of the Wnt-Hippo signaling pathway-related genes. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on liver tumor tissues from 100 patients with liver cancer. RNA-Seq data for 272 previously characterized Wnt-Hippo signaling pathway-related genes were used for hierarchical clustering. We analyzed the data in terms of prognostic value, transcriptome features, immune infiltration, and clinical characteristics, and compared the resulting subclasses with previously published classifications. Four subclasses of HCC (HCCW1-4) were identified. Subclass HCCW1 displayed the highest PCDHB4 expression. Subclass HCCW2 displayed lower Edmondson-Steiner grades (I and II) and CTNNB1 mutation frequencies. Subclass HCCW3 was associated with a good prognosis, the highest PCDHGB7 expression, high CD8+ naïve T cells abundance, and relatively low TP53 mutation rates. Subclass HCCW4 was associated with a poor prognosis, the highest PCDHB2 and PCDHB6 expression, a relatively high abundance of Th1 cells, NKT and class-switched memory B cells, relatively low enrichment of cDC, iDC, and CD4+ memory T cells, and high Edmondson-Steiner grades (III and IV). We also identified Wnt-Hippo signaling pathway-related genes that may influence immune cell infiltration. We developed a panel of 272 Wnt-Hippo signaling pathway-related genes to classify HCC into four groups based on Taiwanese HCC and The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma datasets. This novel molecular classification system may aid the treatment of HCC.},
}

@article {pmid36229464,
year = {2022},
author = {Wong, HY and Sheng, Q and Hesterberg, AB and Croessmann, S and Rios, BL and Giri, K and Jackson, J and Miranda, AX and Watkins, E and Schaffer, KR and Donahue, M and Winkler, E and Penson, DF and Smith, JA and Herrell, SD and Luckenbaugh, AN and Barocas, DA and Kim, YJ and Graves, D and Giannico, GA and Rathmell, JC and Park, BH and Gordetsky, JB and Hurley, PJ},
title = {Single cell analysis of cribriform prostate cancer reveals cell intrinsic and tumor microenvironmental pathways of aggressive disease.},
journal = {Nature communications},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {6036},
pmid = {36229464},
issn = {2041-1723},
support = {T32CA009592//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; 2T32CA009582-32//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01CA217987//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; CA214494//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)/ ; R01CA211695-01A1//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)/ ; 5 R01 CA218526-04//U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)/ ; 131356-RSG-17-160-01-CSM//American Cancer Society (American Cancer Society, Inc.)/ ; },
abstract = {Cribriform prostate cancer, found in both invasive cribriform carcinoma (ICC) and intraductal carcinoma (IDC), is an aggressive histological subtype that is associated with progression to lethal disease. To delineate the molecular and cellular underpinnings of ICC/IDC aggressiveness, this study examines paired ICC/IDC and benign prostate surgical samples by single-cell RNA-sequencing, TCR sequencing, and histology. ICC/IDC cancer cells express genes associated with metastasis and targets with potential for therapeutic intervention. Pathway analyses and ligand/receptor status model cellular interactions among ICC/IDC and the tumor microenvironment (TME) including JAG1/NOTCH. The ICC/IDC TME is hallmarked by increased angiogenesis and immunosuppressive fibroblasts (CTHRC1+ASPN+FAP+ENG+) along with fewer T cells, elevated T cell dysfunction, and increased C1QB+TREM2+APOE+-M2 macrophages. These findings support that cancer cell intrinsic pathways and a complex immunosuppressive TME contribute to the aggressive phenotype of ICC/IDC. These data highlight potential therapeutic opportunities to restore immune signaling in patients with ICC/IDC that may afford better outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid36223973,
year = {2022},
author = {Singh, N and Singh, R and Decker, B and Robins, D and Vidal, G},
title = {Metastatic triple negative breast cancer with NTRK gene fusion on tissue but not on ctDNA molecular profile.},
journal = {BMJ case reports},
volume = {15},
number = {10},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/bcr-2022-251656},
pmid = {36223973},
issn = {1757-790X},
abstract = {A woman presented to medical oncology with almost 4 years of untreated, slowly progressing, triple negative metastatic breast cancer to the lung. About 15 years prior, she was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast with ipsilateral chest wall recurrence 6 years later. Comprehensive molecular profiling of a metastatic lesion detected a hotspot ETV6-NTRK3 fusion, which was not present on circulating tumour DNA or molecular profile performed 4 years prior. A second look pathological examination demonstrated tumour characteristics consistent with secretory breast carcinoma. Identification of ETV6--NKRT3 fusion allowed for treatment with larotrectinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically indicated for secretory breast carcinoma. After 3 months, she experienced a partial response.},
}

@article {pmid36220898,
year = {2022},
author = {Batashvili, M and Sheaffer, R and Katz, M and Doron, Y and Kempler, N and Levy, DA},
title = {Behavioural reconsolidation interference not observed in a within-subjects design.},
journal = {NPJ science of learning},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {26},
pmid = {36220898},
issn = {2056-7936},
abstract = {Studies of reconsolidation interference posit that reactivation of a previously consolidated memory via a reminder brings it into an active, labile state, leaving it open for potential manipulation. If interfered with, this may disrupt the original memory trace. While evidence for pharmacological reconsolidation interference is widespread, it remains unclear whether behavioural interference using the presentation of competing information can engender it, especially in declarative memory. Almost all previous studies in this area have employed between-subjects designs, in which there are potential confounds, such as different retrieval strategies for the multiple conditions. In the current studies, within-subjects paradigms were applied to test the effects of reconsolidation interference on associative recognition and free recall. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in pair-associate learning of unrelated object pictures on Day 1, and after a reminder, interference, reminder + interference, or no manipulation (control) on Day 2, were tested on associative recognition of these pairs on Day 3. In Experiments 2 and 3, memoranda were short stories studied on Day 1. On Day 2, stories were assigned to either control, reminder, interference by alternative stories, or reminder + interference conditions. On Day 3 participants recalled the Day 1 stories, and answered yes/no recognition questions. Reminders improved subsequent memory, while interference was effective in reducing retrieval in differing degrees across the experiments. Importantly, the reminder + interference condition was no more effective in impairing retrieval than the interference-alone condition, contrary to the prediction of the behavioural reconsolidation-interference approach.},
}

@article {pmid36216835,
year = {2022},
author = {Tzachor, A and Richards, CE and Jeen, S},
title = {Transforming agrifood production systems and supply chains with digital twins.},
journal = {NPJ science of food},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {47},
pmid = {36216835},
issn = {2396-8370},
}

@article {pmid36214134,
year = {2022},
author = {Zweck, E and Scheiber, D and Schultheiss, HP and Kuss, O and Kelm, M and Roden, M and Westenfeld, R and Szendroedi, J},
title = {Impaired Myocardial Mitochondrial Respiration in Humans With Prediabetes: A Footprint of Prediabetic Cardiomyopathy.},
journal = {Circulation},
volume = {146},
number = {15},
pages = {1189-1191},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.058995},
pmid = {36214134},
issn = {1524-4539},
}

@article {pmid36213813,
year = {2022},
author = {Akpoghor, OD and Eghonghon, AR and Osime, OC},
title = {Pattern of Emergency Presentation of Patients with Breast Cancer at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital.},
journal = {Journal of the West African College of Surgeons},
volume = {12},
number = {2},
pages = {70-74},
doi = {10.4103/jwas.jwas_124_22},
pmid = {36213813},
issn = {2276-6944},
abstract = {Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women in Nigeria. Presentation is usually elective. However, some patients present as an emergency with complications of the disease and its treatment. This study aimed to capture the features of this population of patients with breast cancer presenting as an emergency.

Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted between March 2021 and February 2022. All the patients with histologically diagnosed breast cancer presenting as an emergency were recruited into the study. Relevant information was retrieved and analysed.

Results: Over the study period, 34 patients were recruited. They were all females and ages ranged between 27 and 74 years of age (mean: 45.56 ± 11.71 years), and the highest incidence was in the fifth decade of life. The first symptom in all patients was a breast lump, and the duration of disease ranged between 3 and 84 months (mean: 29.21 ± 22.38 months). The right breast was most commonly involved, and invasive ductal carcinoma (no specific type) was the commonest histologic type in 88.24% of cases. Over half of the patients seen had received no treatment after establishing the diagnosis of breast cancer. For those who received treatment, radiotherapy was the least accessed form of treatment. The most common symptoms were difficulty breathing and jaundice (29.41% each), and metastatic disease was the most common diagnosis. The duration of admission ranged between 1 and 35 days, and a mortality rate of 45.45% was recorded.

Conclusion: The most common indication for emergency presentation in patients with breast cancer was metastatic disease.},
}

@article {pmid36213589,
year = {2022},
author = {Paulson, MR and Maita, K and Avila, FR and Torres-Guzman, RA and Garcia, JP and Eldaly, A and Forte, AJ and Maniaci, MJ},
title = {Colectomy Complicated by High-Output Ileostomy Managed in a Virtual Hybrid Hospital-at-Home Program.},
journal = {Case reports in surgery},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {3177934},
doi = {10.1155/2022/3177934},
pmid = {36213589},
issn = {2090-6900},
abstract = {Chronically ill patients with superimposed acute illness requiring hospitalization are more likely to develop an extended length of stay, hospital-acquired infections, and adverse events throughout their hospitalization. An excellent alternative to managing this population of patients in the traditional bricks-and-mortal (BAM) hospital is the hospital-at-home (HaH) model. The Advanced Care at Home (ACH) program is Mayo Clinic's HaH model that provides acute and postacute care to high-acuity patients in their homes rather than in the traditional hospital and skilled nursing facility. We report a case of postoperative care through the ACH program of a patient suffering from short gut syndrome, high-output ileostomy, and severe protein-calorie malnutrition in the setting of previously diagnosed triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the right breast complicated by lung and brain metastasis. The patient had multiple complications that required repeated scare escalations directed by a multidisciplinary virtual care. Despite these complications, the ACH model of care was able to keep the patient in the home setting the majority of the time, limiting BAM hospital days, and eliminating the need to use the emergency department for acute escalation for 3 months. The patient was able to recover during this time period and proceed to successful take-down of the ileostomy. This case highlights the benefits of the ACH program by offering high-acuity hospital-level care to severely ill patients in the comfort of their homes. Highly qualified providers paired with curated technology in the home allowed for prompt identification of patient decompensation and timely initiation of treatment while avoiding institutionalization.},
}

@article {pmid36210658,
year = {2022},
author = {Erdogan, O and Parlakgumus, A and Tas, ZA and Yener, K and Turan, U},
title = {Invasive and Non-invasive Ductal Carcinoma within Malignant Phyllodes Tumour with Axillary Lymph Node Metastases.},
journal = {Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP},
volume = {32},
number = {8},
pages = {S92-S94},
doi = {10.29271/jcpsp.2022.Supp2.S92},
pmid = {36210658},
issn = {1681-7168},
abstract = {Phyllodes tumours are uncommon breast neoplasms constituting 1-2% of breast malignancies. Metastasis is usually haematogenous, and axillary lymph node dissection is not routinely performed. A phyllodes tumour with concomitant invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is even rarer. When IDCor ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) is detected, the management of the condition changes completely. We report a case of a 22-year female presenting with a mass in the right breast and palpable axillary lymph nodes. The pathological examination demonstrated a malignant phyllodes tumour with concomitant IDC and DCIS. The patient elected to have modified radical mastectomy, and the pathological examination showed metastasis in the axillary lymph nodes. The patient was administered appropriate therapy. At the last visit, she did not have the clinical signs of disease. This is the first youngest case of axillary lymph node metastases with both DCIS and IDC on pathological examination in malignant phyllodes tumour. Key Words: Malignant phyllodes, Invasive ductal carcinoma, Ductal carcinoma in-situ, Lymph node metastasis.},
}

@article {pmid36208091,
year = {2022},
author = {Lu, X and Ying, Y and Zhang, W and Li, R and Zhang, J},
title = {High MutS homolog 2 expression predicts poor prognosis and is related to immune infiltration in endometrial carcinoma.},
journal = {Cell biology international},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cbin.11925},
pmid = {36208091},
issn = {1095-8355},
support = {182102410095//Science and Technology Department of Henan Province/ ; 212102310466//Science and Technology Department of Henan Province/ ; 2019GGJS004//Education Department of Henan Province/ ; LHGJ20220473//Health Commission of Henan Province/ ; SBGJ202002119//Health Commission of Henan Province/ ; },
abstract = {Several studies have shown that MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) is highly expressed in many cancer tissues. Transcriptome expression data were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We analyzed the expression of MSH2 in normal and tumor tissues, the relationship between MSH2 expression and various prognostic factors, and the relationship between MSH2 expression and overall survival, disease specific survival, and progression free interval. We also examined MSH2 promoter methylation between endometrial cancer and normal endometrial tissues, and identified the prognostic value of MSH2 methylation in endometrial cancer. MSH2 was highly expressed in endometrial cancer tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. High MSH2 expression might be an independent prognostic factor for OS, DSS, and PFI. Further, high MSH2 expression was correlated with age and histological type, but not with BMI, clinical stage, tumor invasion, or other clinical features. MSH2 promoter methylation in endometrial cancer was significantly lower than in normal tissues. Additionally, MSH2 levels, OS, DSS, and PFI were associated with BMI, age, tumor invasion, and histological type. ssGSEA showed that MSH2 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of Th2 cells, Tcm cells, T helper cells, and Tgd cells, whereas it was negatively correlated with NK CD56 bright cells, pDC cells, iDC cells, cytotoxic cells, and neutrophils. Increased MSH2 expression and reduced MSH2 methylation in endometrial cancer predicts poor prognosis. MSH2 may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer and as an immunotherapy target.},
}

@article {pmid36206823,
year = {2022},
author = {Maggi, G and Di Meglio, D and Vitale, C and Amboni, M and Obeso, I and Santangelo, G},
title = {The impact of executive dysfunctions on Theory of Mind abilities in Parkinson's disease.},
journal = {Neuropsychologia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {108389},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108389},
pmid = {36206823},
issn = {1873-3514},
abstract = {Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to infer and reason about others' mental states, a process impaired by Parkinson's disease (PD). ToM performance in PD seems to be strongly related to executive functioning but the exact nature of this relationship is still unclear. We aim to investigate the direct impact of several executive dysfunctions on ToM deficits (Affective and Cognitive ToM) in PD patients. Sixty-eight PD patients underwent neuropsychological tests evaluating executive control such as inhibition, cognitive flexibility, processing speed or working memory and Cognitive and Affective ToM. We divided participants into two groups based on their performance on executive tests: PD patients with poor executive functioning (PD-EF-) and those with preserved executive functioning (PD-EF+). To explore the direct impact of executive subdomains on ToM abilities, two mediation models were executed in the whole sample. We found that PD patients with poor executive functioning reported poorer scores on Affective and Cognitive ToM tasks than PD patients with preserved executive functions, controlling for age and education. Moreover, parallel mediation models, conducted in the whole sample, indicated that performance on phonological fluency mediated the relationships between educational level and both Affective and Cognitive ToM, controlling the effect of other executive tests. These findings further support the idea that executive functions are crucial in ToM processes. Particularly, phonological fluency, whose execution requires both verbal abilities and cognitive flexibility, mediated ToM performance controlling the effect of other executive functions. The identification of neuropsychological processes underpinning ToM abilities might represent a plausible target for cognitive training to strengthen ToM abilities in PD.},
}

@article {pmid36203455,
year = {2022},
author = {Zheng, Y and Bai, L and Sun, J and Zhu, L and Huang, R and Duan, S and Dong, F and Tang, Z and Li, Y},
title = {Diagnostic value of radiomics model based on gray-scale and contrast-enhanced ultrasound for inflammatory mass stage periductal mastitis/duct ectasia.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {981106},
doi = {10.3389/fonc.2022.981106},
pmid = {36203455},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical application value of the radiomics model based on gray-scale ultrasound (GSUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) images in the differentiation of inflammatory mass stage periductal mastitis/duct ectasia (IMSPDM/DE) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 254 patients (IMSPDM/DE: 129; IDC:125) were enrolled between January 2018 and December 2020 as a training cohort to develop the classification models. The radiomics features were extracted from the GSUS and CEUS images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was employed to select the corresponding features. Based on these selected features, logistic regression analysis was used to aid the construction of these three radiomics signatures (GSUS, CEUS and GSCEUS radiomics signature). In addition, 80 patients (IMSPDM/DE:40; IDC:40) were recruited between January 2021 and November 2021 and were used as the validation cohort. The best radiomics signature was selected. Based on the clinical parameters and the radiomics signature, a classification model was built. Finally, the classification model was assessed using nomogram and decision curve analyses.

Results: Three radiomics signatures were able to differentiate IMSPDM/DE from IDC. The GSCEUS radiomics signature outperformed the other two radiomics signatures and the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were estimated to be 0.876, 0.756, 0.804, and 0.798 in the training cohort and 0.796, 0.675, 0.838 and 0.763 in the validation cohort, respectively. The lower patient age (p<0.001), higher neutrophil count (p<0.001), lack of pausimenia (p=0.023) and GSCEUS radiomics features (p<0.001) were independent risk factors of IMSPDM/DE. The classification model that included the clinical factors and the GSCEUS radiomics signature outperformed the GSCEUS radiomics signature alone (the AUC values of the training and validation cohorts were 0.962 and 0.891, respectively). The nomogram was applied to the validation cohort, reaching optimal discrimination, with an AUC value of 0.891, a sensitivity of 0.888, and a specificity of 0.750.

Conclusions: The present study combined the clinical parameters with the GSCEUS radiomics signature and developed a nomogram. This GSCEUS radiomics-based classification model could be used to differentiate IMSPDM/DE from IDC in a non-invasive manner.},
}

@article {pmid36202832,
year = {2022},
author = {Shawi, RE and Kilanava, K and Sakr, S},
title = {An interpretable semi-supervised framework for patch-based classification of breast cancer.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {16734},
pmid = {36202832},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {grant MOBTT75//European Regional Development Funds via the Mobilitas Plus programme/ ; grant MOBTT75//European Regional Development Funds via the Mobilitas Plus programme/ ; grant MOBTT75//European Regional Development Funds via the Mobilitas Plus programme/ ; },
abstract = {Developing effective invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) detection methods remains a challenging problem for breast cancer diagnosis. Recently, there has been notable success in utilizing deep neural networks in various application domains; however, it is well-known that deep neural networks require a large amount of labelled training data to achieve high accuracy. Such amounts of manually labelled data are time-consuming and expensive, especially when domain expertise is required. To this end, we present a novel semi-supervised learning framework for IDC detection using small amounts of labelled training examples to take advantage of cheap available unlabeled data. To gain trust in the prediction of the framework, we explain the prediction globally. Our proposed framework consists of five main stages: data augmentation, feature selection, dividing co-training data labelling, deep neural network modelling, and the interpretability of neural network prediction. The data cohort used in this study contains digitized BCa histopathology slides from 162 women with IDC at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and the Cancer Institute of New Jersey. To evaluate the effectiveness of the deep neural network model used by the proposed approach, we compare it to different state-of-the-art network architectures; AlexNet and a shallow VGG network trained only on the labelled data. The results show that the deep neural network used in our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques achieving balanced accuracy of 0.73 and F-measure of 0.843. In addition, we compare the performance of the proposed semi-supervised approach to state-of-the-art semi-supervised DCGAN technique and self-learning technique. The experimental evaluation shows that our framework outperforms both semi-supervised techniques and detects IDC with an accuracy of 85.75%, a balanced accuracy of 0.865, and an F-measure of 0.773 using only 10% labelled instances from the training dataset while the rest of the training dataset is treated as unlabeled.},
}

@article {pmid36196411,
year = {2022},
author = {Giap, F and O'steen, L and Liu, IC and Spiguel, LE and Shaw, CM and Morris, CG and Mailhot Vega, RB and Lightsey, JL and Bradley, JA and Mendenhall, NP and Okunieff, PG and Lockney, NA},
title = {Intraoperative radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer: a single-institution experience.},
journal = {Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology},
volume = {27},
number = {4},
pages = {666-676},
doi = {10.5603/RPOR.a2022.0075},
pmid = {36196411},
issn = {1507-1367},
abstract = {Background: To assess outcomes and toxicity after low-energy intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC).

Materials and methods: We reviewed patients with unilateral ESBC treated with breast-conserving surgery and 50-kV IORT at our institution. Patients were prescribed 20 Gy to the surface of the spherical applicator, fitted to the surgical cavity during surgery. Patients who did not meet institutional guidelines for IORT alone on final pathology were recommended adjuvant treatment, including additional surgery and/or external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). We analyzed ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, overall survival, recurrence-free survival and toxicity.

Results: Among 201 patients (median follow-up, 5.1 years; median age, 67 years), 88% were Her2 negative and ER positive and/or PR positive, 98% had invasive ductal carcinoma, 87% had grade 1 or 2, and 95% had clinical T1 disease. Most had pathological stage T1 (93%) N0 (95%) disease. Mean IORT applicator dose at 1-cm depth was 6.3 Gy. Post-IORT treatment included additional surgery, 10%; EBRT, 11%; adjuvant chemotherapy, 9%; and adjuvant hormonal therapy, 74%. Median total EBRT dose was 42.4 (range, 40.05-63) Gy and median dose per fraction was 2.65 Gy. At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence was 2.7%, the overall survival rate was 95% with no breast cancer-related deaths, and the recurrence-free survival rate was 96%. For patients who were deemed unsuitable for postoperative IORT alone and did not receive recommended risk-adapted EBRT, the IBTR rate was 4.7% versus 1.7% (p = 0.23) for patients who were either suitable for IORT alone or unsuitable and received adjuvant EBRT. Cosmetic toxicity data was available for 83%, with 7% experiencing grade 3 breast toxicity and no grade 4-5 toxicity.

Conclusions: IORT for select patients with ESBC results in acceptable outcomes in regard to ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and toxicity.},
}

@article {pmid36196281,
year = {2022},
author = {Culbert, M and Shock, L and Fabricius, MM and Nelson, N},
title = {Reverse Abdominoplasty for Reconstruction Following Oncologic Resection of Extensive Breast Disease.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {9},
pages = {e28664},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.28664},
pmid = {36196281},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {We present two cases of patients with extensive breast disease who underwent a reverse abdominoplasty for closure following resection: one of Paget's disease extending beyond the breast borders and another of a locally recurrent triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma following mastectomy in a patient who previously had an ipsilateral thoracotomy. The reverse abdominoplasty flap is a reconstructive option not readily considered for closure following mastectomy. However, we believe that the reverse abdominoplasty flap should be considered when evaluating patients for anterior chest wall reconstruction because it is a simple and versatile coverage option.},
}

@article {pmid36192585,
year = {2022},
author = {Arakawa, T and Miyake, H and Nagai, H and Yoshioka, Y and Shibata, K and Takahashi, D and Yuasa, N and Sumi, H and Yoshikawa, K and Kiriyama, A and Fujino, M},
title = {Non-tumor forming and diffusely spreading invasive pancreatic cancer.},
journal = {Clinical journal of gastroenterology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36192585},
issn = {1865-7265},
abstract = {A 78-year-old man presented to our hospital with loss of appetite and epigastric discomfort. Computed tomography (CT) revealed dilation of the main pancreatic duct and three cystic lesions in the pancreatic neck, body, and tail. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a mural nodule > 5 mm enhanced with Sonazoid in a cyst. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and underwent distal pancreatectomy. Macroscopic examination of the cut surface of the resected specimen showed no solid tumors in the pancreatic parenchyma. The histopathological diagnosis of the cysts was IPMN with low-grade dysplasia. Ten months after surgery, the serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level was elevated, and CT showed multiple peritoneal and pulmonary nodules, suggesting peritoneal dissemination and lung metastases. Since recurrence of pancreatic cancer was suspected, repeat histopathological examination of the resected specimen was performed, revealing small clusters of atypical epithelial cells diffusely spreading in the pancreatic tissue. The diagnosis was changed to invasive ductal carcinoma (pT2N1bM0, stage IIB). Invasive pancreatic cancer that does not form a solid mass, and shows diffuse spreading with small clusters is extremely rare. Imaging diagnosis and histopathological examination should be carefully performed in such cases.},
}

@article {pmid36190529,
year = {2022},
author = {van der Slot, MA and Seyrek, N and Kweldam, CF and den Bakker, MA and Busstra, MB and Gan, M and Klaver, S and Rietbergen, JBW and van Leenders, GJLH},
title = {Percentage Gleason pattern 4 and PI-RADS score predict upgrading in biopsy Grade Group 2 prostate cancer patients without cribriform pattern.},
journal = {World journal of urology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36190529},
issn = {1433-8726},
abstract = {PURPOSE: To identify parameters to predict upgrading in biopsy Grade Group (GG) 2 prostate cancer patients without cribriform and intraductal carcinoma (CR/IDC) on biopsy.

METHODS: Preoperative biopsies from 657 men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer were reviewed for GG, presence of CR/IDC, percentage Gleason pattern 4, and tumor length. In men with biopsy GG2 without CR/IDC (n = 196), clinicopathologic features were compared between those with GG1 or GG2 without CR/IDC on RP (GG ≤ 2-) and those with GG2 with CR/IDC or any GG > 2 (GG ≥ 2+). Logistic regression analysis was used to predict upgrading in the biopsy cohort.

RESULTS: In total 283 men had biopsy GG2 of whom 87 (30.7%) had CR/IDC and 196 (69.3%) did not. CR/IDC status in matched biopsy and RP specimens was concordant in 179 (63.3%) and discordant in 79 (27.9%) cases (sensitivity 45.1%; specificity 92.6%). Of 196 biopsy GG2 men without CR/IDC, 106 (54.1%) had GG ≥ 2+ on RP. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR): 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.09-3.20; p = 0.025], percentage Gleason pattern 4 (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.17-2.07; p = 0.003), PI-RADS 5 lesion (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.03-4.70; p = 0.045) and clinical stage T3 (OR 3.60; 95% CI 1.08-14.50; p = 0.049) were independent parameters to predict upgrading to GG ≥ 2+ on RP in these men.

CONCLUSIONS: Age, clinical stage T3, percentage Gleason pattern 4 and presence of PI-RADS 5 lesions are independent predictors for upgrading in men with biopsy GG2 without CR/IDC. These findings allow for improved clinical decision-making on surveillance eligibility in intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients.},
}

@article {pmid36189356,
year = {2022},
author = {Saeed, U and Piracha, ZZ and Uppal, SR and Waheed, Y and Uppal, R},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 induced hepatic injuries and liver complications.},
journal = {Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {726263},
doi = {10.3389/fcimb.2022.726263},
pmid = {36189356},
issn = {2235-2988},
abstract = {Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is resilient, highly pathogenic, and rapidly transmissible. COVID-19 patients have been reported to have underlying chronic liver abnormalities linked to hepatic dysfunction.

Discussion: Viral RNAs are detectable in fecal samples by RT-PCR even after negative respiratory samples, which suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can affect the gastrointestinal tract and the liver. The case fatality rates are higher among the elderly and those with underlying comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, liver abnormality, and heart disease. There is insufficient research on signaling pathways. Identification of molecular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2-induced damages to hepatocytes is challenging. Herein, we demonstrated the multifactorial effects of SARS-CoV-2 on liver injury such as psychological stress, immunopathogenesis, systemic inflammation, ischemia and hypoxia, drug toxicity, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, and several others which can significantly damage the liver.

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary for clinicians across the globe to pay attention to SARS-CoV-2-mediated liver injury to manage the rising burden of hepatocellular carcinoma. To face the challenges during the resumption of clinical services for patients with pre-existing liver abnormalities and HCC, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on hepatocytes should be investigated both in vitro and in vivo.},
}

@article {pmid36182676,
year = {2022},
author = {Sogunro, OA and Maini, M and Deldar, R and Maini, AS and Greige, N and Greenwalt, I and Wehner, P and De La Cruz, L and Son, JD},
title = {Prognostic Predictors of Mortality in Male Breast Cancer: Outcomes in an Urban Population.},
journal = {The Journal of surgical research},
volume = {281},
number = {},
pages = {192-199},
doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2022.08.035},
pmid = {36182676},
issn = {1095-8673},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for 0.5% to 1% of all breast cancers diagnosed annually. The purpose of this study is to evaluate prognostic factors in MBC.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with MBC between 2010 and 2021. Demographics, comorbidities, cancer characteristics, recurrence, and mortality were collected. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine prognostic factors. A Kaplan-Meier curve was used to plot survival probabilities.

RESULTS: A total of 47 male patients were identified. The mean age at presentation was 64.1 y. Twenty eight (59.6%) patients were African American and 14 patients (29.8%) were Caucasian. Most patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (89.4%) and presented with T1 or T2 tumors (40.4% and 38.3%, respectively). Three patients (6.4%) had a recurrence and eight patients (17%) died. Using mortality as an end point, age (≥ 76.1 y) indicated a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.13 (P = 0.004), diabetes mellitus (HR = 5.45, P = 0.023), atrial fibrillation (HR = 8.0, P = 0.009), end-stage renal disease (HR 6.47, P = 0.023), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 3 (HR = 7.92, P = 0.024), poorly differentiated grade (HR = 7.21, P = 0.033), and metastatic disease (HR = 30.94, P = 0.015) had an increased risk of mortality. Overall survival at 3 y was 79.2%.

CONCLUSIONS: Advanced age, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, end-stage renal disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 3, poorly differentiated tumors, and metastatic disease are unfavorable prognostic factors in MBC. Compared to female breast cancer, MBC showed poorer overall survival.},
}

@article {pmid36178915,
year = {2022},
author = {Mussa, FM and Massawe, HP and Bhalloo, H and Moledina, S and Assenga, E},
title = {Magnitude and associated factors of anti-retroviral therapy adherence among children attending HIV care and treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {17},
number = {9},
pages = {e0275420},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0275420},
pmid = {36178915},
issn = {1932-6203},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The HIV pandemic continues to contribute significantly towards childhood mortality and morbidity. The up-scaling of the Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) access has seen more children surviving and sanctions great effort be made on ensuring adherence. Adherence is a dynamic process that changes over time and is determined by variable factors. This necessitates the urgency to conduct studies to determine the potential factors affecting adherence in our setting and therefore achieve the 90-90-90 goal of sustainable viral suppression.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of ART adherence among children (1-14 years) attending HIV care and treatment clinics during the months of July to November 2018 in Dar es Salaam.

METHODS: A cross-sectional clinic-based study, conducted in three selected HIV care and treatment clinics in urban Dar es Salaam; Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Temeke Regional Referral Hospital (TRRH), Infectious Disease Centre- DarDar Paediatric Program (IDC-DPP) HIV clinics during the months of July to November 2018. HIV-infected children aged 1-14 years who had been on treatment for at least six months were consecutively enrolled until the sample size was achieved. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Four-day self-report, one-month self-recall report and missed clinic appointments were used to assess adherence. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical data. The odds ratio was used to analyse the possible factors affecting ART adherence Logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with ART adherence. Analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.0 and p-value <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: 333 participants were recruited. The overall good adherence (≥95%) was approximated to be 60% (CI-54.3-65.1) when subjected to all three measures. On multivariable logistic regression, factors associated with higher odds of poor adherence were found to be caregivers aged 17-25 years [AOR = 3.5, 95%CI-(1.5-8.4)], children having an inter-current illness [AOR = 10.8, 95%CI-(2.3-50.4)], disbelief in ART effectiveness [AOR = 5.495; 95%CI-(1.669-18.182)] and advanced clinical stage [AOR = 1.972; 95% CI-(1.119-3.484)]. The major reasons reported by caregivers for missing medications included forgetfulness (41%), high pill burden (21%), busy schedule (11%) and long waiting hours at the clinic (9%).

In the urban setting of Dar es Salaam, ART adherence among children was found to be relatively low when combined adherence measures were used. Factors associated with poor ART adherence found were younger aged caregivers, and child intercurrent illness, while factors conferring good adherence were belief in ART effectiveness and lower HIV clinical stage. More attention and support should be given to younger aged caregivers, children with concomitant illness and advanced HIV clinical stages. Educating caregivers on ART effectiveness may also aid in improving adherence.},
}

@article {pmid36176414,
year = {2022},
author = {Kawaguchi, S and Tamura, N and Tanaka, K and Kobayashi, Y and Sato, J and Kinowaki, K and Shiiba, M and Ishihara, M and Kawabata, H},
title = {Clinical prediction model based on 18F-FDG PET/CT plus contrast-enhanced MRI for axillary lymph node macrometastasis.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {989650},
doi = {10.3389/fonc.2022.989650},
pmid = {36176414},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {Purpose: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful for detecting axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC); however, there is limited clinical evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of the combination of PET/CT plus MRI. Further axillary surgery is not recommended against ALN micrometastasis (lesion ≤2 mm) seen in sentinel lymph nodes, especially for patients who received proper adjuvant therapy. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a prediction model based on PET/CT plus MRI for ALN macrometastasis (lesion >2 mm) and explore the possibility of risk stratification of patients using the preoperative PET/CT plus MRI and biopsy findings.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively investigated 361 female patients (370 axillae; mean age, 56 years ± 12 [standard deviation]) who underwent surgery for primary IDC at a single center between April 2017 and March 2020. We constructed a prediction model with logistic regression. Patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups using a simple integer risk score, and the false negative rate for ALN macrometastasis was calculated to assess the validity. Internal validation was also achieved using a 5-fold cross-validation.

Results: The PET/CT plus MRI model included five predictor variables: maximum standardized uptake value of primary tumor and ALN, primary tumor size, ALN cortical thickness, and histological grade. In the derivation (296 axillae) and validation (74 axillae) cohorts, 54% and 61% of patients, respectively, were classified as low-risk, with a false-negative rate of 11%. Five-fold cross-validation yielded an accuracy of 0.875.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the validity of the PET/CT plus MRI prediction model for ALN macrometastases. This model may aid the preoperative identification of low-risk patients for ALN macrometastasis and provide helpful information for PET/MRI interpretation.},
}

@article {pmid36175695,
year = {2022},
author = {Silva, FHS and Underwood, A and Almeida, CP and Ribeiro, TS and Souza-Fagundes, EM and Martins, AS and Eliezeck, M and Guatimosim, S and Andrade, LO and Rezende, L and Gomes, HW and Oliveira, CA and Rodrigues, RC and Borges, IT and Cassali, GD and Ferreira, E and Del Puerto, HL},
title = {Transcription factor SOX3 upregulated pro-apoptotic genes expression in human breast cancer.},
journal = {Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)},
volume = {39},
number = {12},
pages = {212},
pmid = {36175695},
issn = {1559-131X},
support = {05/20160//PRPq UFMG/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Sex-determining region Y-box 3 (SOX3) protein, a SOX transcriptions factors group, has been identified as a key regulator in several diseases, including cancer. Downregulation of transcriptions factors in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) can interfere in neoplasia development, increasing its aggressiveness. We investigated SOX3 protein expression and its correlation with apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, as SOX3 and Pro-Caspase-3 immunoexpression in paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma tissue samples from patients (n = 27). Breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-231 transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + and pEF1-Empty vector followed by cytotoxicity assay (MTT), Annexin-V FITC PI for apoptosis percentage assessment by flow cytometry, qPCR for apoptotic-related gene expression, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to SOX3 immunolocalization in culture cells, and paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma tissue samples.

RESULTS: Apoptotic rate was higher in cells transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + (56%) than controls (10%). MDA-MB-231 transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + presented upregulation of pro-apoptotic mRNA from CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, and BAX genes, contrasting with downregulation antiapoptotic mRNA from BCL2, compared to non-transfected cells and cells transfected with pEF1-empty vector (p < 0.005). SOX3 protein nuclear expression was detected in 14% (4/27 cases) of ductal carcinoma cases, and pro-Caspase-3 expression was positive in 50% of the cases.

CONCLUSION: Data suggest that SOX3 transcription factor upregulates apoptosis in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, and has a down nuclear expression in ductal carcinoma cases, and need to be investigated as a tumor suppressor protein, and its loss of expression and non-nuclear action turn the cells resistant to apoptosis. Further studies are necessary to understand how SOX3 protein regulates the promoter regions of genes involved in apoptosis.},
}

@article {pmid36172685,
year = {2022},
author = {Alinezhadi, M and Makvandi, M and Kaydani, GA and Jazayeri, SN and Charostad, J and Talaeizadeh, AT and Angali, KA},
title = {Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus DNA in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Specimens.},
journal = {Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP},
volume = {23},
number = {9},
pages = {3201-3207},
doi = {10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.9.3201},
pmid = {36172685},
issn = {2476-762X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: According to several studies, there is an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer. Therefore, detection and genotyping of HPV seem important. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of HPV DNA in breast tissues by analyzing the L1 gene.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 63 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) as the case group and 32 FFPE tissues of fibroadenoma as the control group. HPV DNA was detected using the polymerase chain reaction assay. Positive samples were then subjected to genotyping. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS version 22.0.

RESULTS: The patients' age ranged from 15 to 92 years, with a mean age of 43.54±16.36 years. HPV DNA was detected in 17/95 (17.89%) samples, including 9/32 (28.12%) fibroadenoma samples and 8/63 (12.69%) IDC samples. No significant difference was observed regarding the presence of HPV DNA between the IDC and fibroadenoma tissues (P=0.08). However, a significant difference was found in the detection of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) between the case and control groups (P=0.03). In the case group, 87.5% of the detected viruses (7/8 samples) were HR-HPV, while in the control group, 22.22% of positive samples (2/9 samples) were HR-HPV (P=0.03). Based on the results, HR-HPV and low-risk HPV genotypes were detected in 53% (9/17) and 47% (8/17) of positive samples, respectively.

CONCLUSION: In this study, 12.69% of IDC samples were positive for HPV genomes, and HR-HPV was detected in 87.5% of these samples. The present results suggest the important role of HR-HPV in the development of breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid36172329,
year = {2022},
author = {Zangouri, V and Niazkar, HR and Nasrollahi, H and Homapour, F and Ranjbar, A and Seyyedi, MS},
title = {Benign or premalignant? Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis later diagnosed as ductal carcinoma breast cancer: Case report and review of literature.},
journal = {Clinical case reports},
volume = {10},
number = {9},
pages = {e6323},
doi = {10.1002/ccr3.6323},
pmid = {36172329},
issn = {2050-0904},
abstract = {Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign infectious disease of the breast, commonly presenting with a unilateral breast mass. Since GM's clinical presentation and imaging can be very similar to breast cancer, diagnosing GM can be challenging. So far, various reports have demonstrated the probable correlation and co-occurrence of granulomatous mastitis and breast cancer. This report presents a 38-year-old female with invasive ductal carcinoma, previously diagnosed as IGM.},
}

@article {pmid36171873,
year = {2022},
author = {Levy, DA},
title = {Optimizing the social utility of judicial punishment: An evolutionary biology and neuroscience perspective.},
journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {967090},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2022.967090},
pmid = {36171873},
issn = {1662-5161},
abstract = {Punishment as a response to impairment of individual or group welfare may be found not only among humans but also among a wide range of social animals. In some cases, acts of punishment serve to increase social cooperation among conspecifics. Such phenomena motivate the search for the biological foundations of punishment among humans. Of special interest are cases of pro-social punishment of individuals harming others. Behavioral studies have shown that in economic games people punish exploiters even at a cost to their own welfare. Additionally, neuroimaging studies have reported activity during the planning of such punishment in brain areas involved in the anticipation of reward. Such findings hint that there is an evolutionarily honed basic drive to punish social offenders. I argue that the transfer of punishment authority from the individual to the group requires that social offenders be punished as a public good, even if such punishment is not effective as retribution or deterrent. Furthermore, the social need for punishment of offenders has implications for alternatives to incarceration, publicity of punishment, and judicial structure.},
}

@article {pmid36168611,
year = {2022},
author = {Martin, TA and Choudhry, S and Holton, LH and Mylander, WC and Tafra, L and Liang, W and Jackson, RS},
title = {Outcomes of Margin Reexcision after Oncoplastic Breast Reduction.},
journal = {Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open},
volume = {10},
number = {9},
pages = {e4509},
doi = {10.1097/GOX.0000000000004509},
pmid = {36168611},
issn = {2169-7574},
abstract = {Tissue rearrangement after an oncoplastic breast reduction may complicate identification of margins during reexcision. Little is known about outcomes of reoperation in this setting.

Methods: This is a single-institution, retrospective analysis of outcomes of margin reexcisions after lumpectomy with concurrent oncoplastic Wise-pattern reduction from 2015 to 2020. Outcomes assessed were the rate of successful breast conservation, in-breast recurrence, wound issues or complications, effect on cosmesis, and delay to onset of adjuvant therapy.

Results: From 2015 to 2020, 649 patients underwent lumpectomy with oncoplastic Wise-pattern reduction. Forty-seven patients (7.2%) had greater than or equal to one positive margin(s); of these, 28 went directly to mastectomy, and 19 underwent margin reexcision. Residual disease was found in seven of 19 patients (37%) at reexcision. The rate of successful breast-conserving therapy was 95% with a mean follow-up of 31 months. There was one (5%) in-breast recurrence (invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC] occurring 30 months after the original operation); this patient had a mastectomy for treatment of her recurrence. The overall complication rate was 37%. Radiation was administered to 18 patients (95%), and two patients (11%) had delay of radiation past 6 weeks due to wound complications. Of the 14 patients with photographs available, 12 of 14 patients (86%) were blindly assessed to have equivalent or better cosmesis after margin reexcision (versus initial lumpectomy).

Conclusion: Margin reexcision after oncoplastic breast reduction with Wise-pattern is feasible and effective, and can be done without compromising the initial cosmetic results.},
}

@article {pmid36168441,
year = {2022},
author = {Wenger, D and Kurumety, S and Aydi, ZB},
title = {A case report: invasive ductal carcinoma in mosaic Li-Fraumeni syndrome.},
journal = {Journal of surgical case reports},
volume = {2022},
number = {9},
pages = {rjac408},
doi = {10.1093/jscr/rjac408},
pmid = {36168441},
issn = {2042-8812},
abstract = {Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare autosomal dominant condition caused by pathogenic variants in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene and characterized by a high lifetime risk of various cancers with a very early age of onset. We are presenting a 41-year-old woman with right invasive ductal cancer and no family history of cancers, diagnosed with mosaic LFS confirmed with blood and skin punch biopsy samples. She was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, mastectomy and sentinel node biopsy with completion axillary dissection. Adjuvant radiation was not recommended due to increased risk of secondary cancers. She also elected to undergo risk reducing contralateral mastectomy. Further research is warranted to determine the appropriate clinical management and surveillance strategies in patients with mosaic LFS as whether individuals with mosaic LFS have differing cancer risks in comparison to classic germline LFS is unknown.},
}

@article {pmid36168301,
year = {2022},
author = {Amiri-Dashatan, N and Yekta, RF and Koushki, M and Arefi Oskouie, A and Esfahani, H and Taheri, S and Kazemian, E},
title = {Metabolomic study of serum in patients with invasive ductal breast carcinoma with LC-MS/MS approach.},
journal = {The International journal of biological markers},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {3936155221123343},
doi = {10.1177/03936155221123343},
pmid = {36168301},
issn = {1724-6008},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common type of breast cancer so its early detection can lead to a significant decrease in mortality rate. However, prognostic factors for IDC are not adequate and we need novel markers for the treatment of different individuals. Although positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging techniques are available, they are based on morphological features that do not provide any clue for molecular events accompanying cancer progression. In recent years, "omics" approaches have been extensively developed to propose novel molecular signatures of cancers as putative biomarkers, especially in biofluids. Therefore, a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics investigation was performed to find some putative metabolite markers of IDC and potential metabolites with prognostic value related to the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, lymphovascular invasion, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

METHODS: An untargeted metabolomics study of IDC patients was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The multivariate principal component analysis by XCMS online built a model that could separate the study groups and define the significantly altered m/z parameters. The most important biological pathways were also identified by pathway enrichment analysis.

RESULTS: The results showed that the significantly altered metabolites in IDC serum samples mostly belonged to amino acids and lipids. The most important involved pathways included arginine and proline metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis.

CONCLUSIONS: Significantly altered metabolites in IDC serum samples compared to healthy controls could lead to the development of metabolite-based potential biomarkers after confirmation with other methods and in large cohorts.},
}

@article {pmid36162357,
year = {2022},
author = {Camarneiro, R and Ferreira, Á and Barros, M and Brito E Melo, M},
title = {Occult breast cancer presenting as axillary lymphadenopathy - Case Report.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {99},
number = {},
pages = {107677},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107677},
pmid = {36162357},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Occult breast carcinoma (OBC) is a rare entity and therefore generates discussion regarding diagnosis, approach, and prognosis. This article aims to present a case of OBC and reviews some concepts discussed in the literature.

PRESENTATION OF CASE: 43-year-old woman with right axillary adenopathies, without further complaints, whose biopsy shows a lymph node metastasis from invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Breast study, breast RMI and FDG-PET did not identify the primary tumour. As decided by a multidisciplinary team, the patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, axillary surgery, breast radiotherapy and hormone therapy. Four years after surgery, the patient has no evidence of the primary tumour and no axillary recurrence.

DISCUSSION: OBC was described in 1907. Although the best therapeutic approach is widely discussed in the literature, it is consensual that as long as the existence of a primary tumour is excluded by breast MRI, the conservative approach (excision of axillary adenopathy and breast and axillary radiotherapy) is more advocated.

CONCLUSION: Breast cancer must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with axillary lymphadenopathy. The conservative approach of OBC is the preferred since breast MRI does not identify any suspicious lumps.},
}

@article {pmid36157240,
year = {2022},
author = {Wang, L and Deng, X and Chen, Y and Zhao, Y and Li, Z},
title = {PRR15 Is a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Modulates the Tumor Microenvironment.},
journal = {Journal of oncology},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {3290479},
pmid = {36157240},
issn = {1687-8450},
abstract = {Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), accounting for more than 80 percent of all cases of thyroid cancer, is a form of a cancerous tumor that has a very favorable prognosis. However, patients diagnosed with PTC who are already in an advanced state have a dismal outlook. This study aimed to establish the diagnostic relevance of PRR15 expression in PTC patients as well as its levels in PTC samples and its connection with immune infiltrates. The TCGA and GEO datasets were combed through to obtain information on PTC patients. The "Limma" program was used to screen for differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), and the results were displayed using volcano plots and heat maps. The Wilcoxon test was used to examine the level of PRR15 expression in PTC patients in comparison with that of normal tissues. To study the connection between the immune infiltration level and PRR15 expression in PTC, the single-sample sequence set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) from the R package was utilized. The expression of PRR15 was analyzed with RT-PCR in PTC cells and normal cells. In order to evaluate the diagnostic significance of PRR15 expression, ROC assays were carried out. Experiments using CCK-8 were carried out to investigate the impact that PRR15 knockdown could have on the proliferation of PTC cells. In this study, 17 overlapped DEMs between PTC specimens and normal specimens were identified, including MPPED2, IPCEF1, SLC4A4, PKHD1L1, DIO1, CRABP1, TPO, TFF3, SPX, TCEAL2, ZCCHC12, SYTL5, PRR15, CHI3L1, SERPINA1, GABRB2, and CITED1. Our attention focused on PRR15 which was highly expressed in PTC specimens as compared with nontumor specimens. PRR15 had an AUC value of 0.926 (95% CI 0.902-0.950) for PTC based on TCGA datasets. Pan-cancer assays suggested PRR15 as an oncogenic gene in many types of tumors. Moreover, we found that PRR15 expression was positively correlated with eosinophils, NK cells, NK CD56bright cells, IDC, macrophages, DC, mast cells, and Th1 cells. Further investigations with CCK-8 demonstrated that inhibiting PRR15 resulted in a decrease in the proliferation of PTC cells. Overall, PRR15 was confirmed to be a biomarker for PTC patients and a predictor of response to immunotherapy.},
}

@article {pmid36156504,
year = {2022},
author = {Gherlone, N and Sowa, P and Osipova, M and Walton, R},
title = {Acellular Dermal Matrix Mimicking a New Retroareolar Mass After Central Pillar Neonipple Reconstruction.},
journal = {Annals of plastic surgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1097/SAP.0000000000003270},
pmid = {36156504},
issn = {1536-3708},
abstract = {ABSTRACT: Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is an increasingly popular alloplastic cadaveric dermis used to enhance postmastectomy reconstruction. Acellular dermal matrix can be used as a nipple-shaped cylinder in central pillar nipple reconstruction to help maintain long-term projection. We report a unique presentation of ADM mimicking a retroareolar mass after central pillar neonipple reconstruction. A 49-year-old woman with a history of invasive ductal carcinoma underwent delayed nipple reconstruction after lumpectomy and oncoplastic closure using an inframammary V-Y advancement flap.The nipple reconstruction was performed using pretattoo and articulated tab flaps. A rolled tube of acellular dermal matrix was placed in the central aspect of the neonipple reconstruction for projection. At 4 months postoperative, a screening mammogram and ultrasound noted a new retroareolar mass classified as BIRADS 4 necessitating a breast biopsy. Biopsy revealed portions of fibrous connective tissue consistent with partially incorporated acellular dermal matrix allograft. There was no evidence of malignancy. To mitigate the risk of future radiographic or clinical misinterpretation of ADM in nipple reconstruction, the placement of radiopaque markers such as microclips on the ADM implant could be a useful adjunct. Radiologists and surgeons should include ADM artifact in their differential diagnosis of radiologic imaging when evaluating a new mass in the proximity of prior ADM placement in neonipple reconstruction of the breast.},
}

@article {pmid36151122,
year = {2022},
author = {Vitkin, E and Singh, A and Wise, J and Ben-Elazar, S and Yakhini, Z and Golberg, A},
title = {Nondestructive protein sampling with electroporation facilitates profiling of spatial differential protein expression in breast tumors in vivo.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {15835},
pmid = {36151122},
issn = {2045-2322},
abstract = {Excision tissue biopsy, while central to cancer treatment and precision medicine, presents risks to the patient and does not provide a sufficiently broad and faithful representation of the heterogeneity of solid tumors. Here we introduce e-biopsy-a novel concept for molecular profiling of solid tumors using molecular sampling with electroporation. As e-biopsy provides access to the molecular composition of a solid tumor by permeabilization of the cell membrane, it facilitates tumor diagnostics without tissue resection. Furthermore, thanks to its non tissue destructive characteristics, e-biopsy enables probing the solid tumor multiple times in several distinct locations in the same procedure, thereby enabling the spatial profiling of tumor molecular heterogeneity.We demonstrate e-biopsy in vivo, using the 4T1 breast cancer model in mice to assess its performance, as well as the inferred spatial differential protein expression. In particular, we show that proteomic profiles obtained via e-biopsy in vivo distinguish the tumors from healthy breast tissue and reflect spatial tumor differential protein expression. E-biopsy provides a completely new molecular sampling modality for solid tumors molecular cartography, providing information that potentially enables more rapid and sensitive detection at lesser risk, as well as more precise personalized medicine.},
}

@article {pmid36143823,
year = {2022},
author = {Nanev, V and Naneva, S and Yordanov, A and Strashilov, S and Konsoulova, A and Vasileva-Slaveva, M and Betova, T and Ivanov, I},
title = {Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma of the Breast Synchronous with a High-Grade Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Ductal Carcinoma in Situ in a Different Quadrant of the Same Breast: A Case Report.},
journal = {Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)},
volume = {58},
number = {9},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/medicina58091146},
pmid = {36143823},
issn = {1648-9144},
abstract = {Lymphoepithelioma-like breast carcinoma (LELC) is a rare type of malignant breast tumor that is not included in the current edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of breast tumors. Currently, there are no clearly defined therapeutic strategies, and the general information on breast LELC is based on sporadic clinical cases described in the medical literature. We present a clinical case that describes a 49-year-old woman with a tumor formation in the right breast, histologically verified as LELC, together with a non-palpable, synchronous high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ Grade 2 (DCIS G2) in a different quadrant of the same breast. To our knowledge, this is the first case described in the literature that combines a LELC with a synchronous carcinoma in the same breast.},
}

@article {pmid36133137,
year = {2019},
author = {Amiri, A and Hastert, F and Stühn, L and Dietz, C},
title = {Structural analysis of healthy and cancerous epithelial-type breast cells by nanomechanical spectroscopy allows us to obtain peculiarities of the skeleton and junctions.},
journal = {Nanoscale advances},
volume = {1},
number = {12},
pages = {4853-4862},
doi = {10.1039/c9na00021f},
pmid = {36133137},
issn = {2516-0230},
abstract = {The transition of healthy epithelial cells to carcinoma is associated with an alteration in the structure and organization of the cytoskeleton of the cells. A comparison of the mechanical properties of cancerous and healthy cells indicated a higher deformability of the cancer cells based on averaging the mechanical properties of single cells. However, the exact reason for softening of the cancerous cells compared to their counterparts remains unclear. Here, we focused on nanomechanical spectroscopy of healthy and cancerous ductal epithelial-type breast cells by means of atomic force microscopy with high lateral and depth precision. As a result, based on atomic force microscopy measurements formation of significantly fewer microtubules in cancerous cells which was observed in our study is most likely one of the main causes for the overall change in mechanical properties without any phenotypic shift. Strikingly, in a confluent layer of invasive ductal carcinoma cells, we observed the formation of cell-cell junctions that have the potential for signal transduction among neighboring cells such as desmosomes and adherens junctions. This increases the possibility of cancerous cell collaboration in malignancy, infiltration or metastasis phenomena.},
}

@article {pmid36131945,
year = {2022},
author = {Ramdass, MJ and Gonzales, J and Maharaj, D and Simeon, D and Barrow, S},
title = {Breast Carcinoma Receptor Expression in a Caribbean Population.},
journal = {Surgery journal (New York, N.Y.)},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {e262-e265},
doi = {10.1055/s-0042-1756632},
pmid = {36131945},
issn = {2378-5128},
abstract = {Trinidad and Tobago are islands in the Southern Caribbean with a unique mix of races within the population consisting of East Indian (EI) (37.6%), Afro-Caribbean (AC) (36.3%), mixed (24.2%), and Caucasian, Chinese, Lebanese, Syrian, Amerindian, and Spanish groups accounting for 1.9%. It makes it suitable for a comparison of breast carcinoma receptor expression within a fixed environment. This study included 257 women with an age range of 28 to 93 years (mean = 57.2, standard deviation = 15.0), peak age group of 51 to 60 consisting of 105 EI, 119 AC, and 33 mixed descent. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 88%, invasive lobular 9.7%, and ductal carcinoma in situ 2.3%. The triple-negative rates were 24.8, 33.6, and 30.3% for EI, AC, and mixed races, respectively, with the Pearson's chi-square test revealing statistical significance for the AC versus EI (p < 0.001); AC versus mixed (p < 0.001); and EI versus mixed (p = 0.014) groups. The overall estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth receptor (HER) expression negative rates were 52, 64, and 79%, respectively. Chi-square test of the following combinations: ER +/PR +/HER + ; ER +/PR +/HER - ; ER -/PR -/HER + ; ER +/PR -/HER + ; ER +/PR -/HER - ; ER -/PR +/HER + ; ER -/PR +/HER- revealed no statistical differences (p = 0.689).},
}

@article {pmid36131807,
year = {2022},
author = {Sapon-Cousineau, S and Moldoveanu, D and Charpentier, D and Gagnon, A and Patocskai, É},
title = {Locally advanced breast cancer arising in the axilla.},
journal = {Journal of surgical case reports},
volume = {2022},
number = {9},
pages = {rjac425},
doi = {10.1093/jscr/rjac425},
pmid = {36131807},
issn = {2042-8812},
abstract = {Locally advanced breast cancer arising from ectopic axillary breast tissue is an unusual presentation of this malignancy. The work-up and treatment approach pose some unique challenges. We present the case of a 37-year-old female presenting with a left axillary lesion with skin involvement. Radiological studies and biopsy demonstrated an underlying axillary mass compatible with a triple-positive invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Following neoadjuvant therapy, the patient underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy with wide local excision of the involved axillary skin and axillary lymph node dissection. Ectopic locally advanced breast cancer can be treated similarly to its orthotopic counterpart, favoring a neoadjuvant therapy approach followed by surgical excision. Special considerations include the local anatomy of the tumor, the extent of surgery and reconstructive options.},
}

@article {pmid36128357,
year = {2022},
author = {Miyazaki, Y and Shimizu, J and Kubo, Y and Tabata, N and Aso, T},
title = {Quantitative classification of invasive and noninvasive breast cancer using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the mammary gland.},
journal = {Journal of clinical imaging science},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {45},
doi = {10.25259/JCIS_56_2022},
pmid = {36128357},
issn = {2156-7514},
abstract = {Objectives: Breast cancers are classified as invasive or noninvasive based on histopathological findings. Although time-intensity curve (TIC) analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can differentiate benign from malignant disease, its diagnostic ability to quantitatively distinguish between invasive and noninvasive breast cancers has not been determined. In this study, we evaluated the ability of TIC analysis of dynamic MRI data (MRI-TIC) to distinguish between invasive and noninvasive breast cancers.

Material and Methods: We collected and analyzed data for 429 cases of epithelial invasive and noninvasive breast carcinomas. TIC features were extracted in washout areas suggestive of malignancy.

Results: The graph determining the positive diagnosis rate for invasive and noninvasive cases revealed that the cut-off θi/ni value was 21.6° (invasive: θw > 21.6°, noninvasive: θw ≤ 21.6°). Tissues were classified as invasive or noninvasive using this cut-off value, and each result was compared with the histopathological diagnosis. Using this method, the accuracy of tissue classification by MRI-TIC was 88.6% (380/429), which was higher than that using ultrasound (73.4%, 315/429).

Conclusion: MRI-TIC is effective for the classification of invasive vs. noninvasive breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid36120242,
year = {2022},
author = {Ali, S and Rathore, Z and Rafique, Z and Chughtai, AS and Atiq, A},
title = {Expression of SOX10 in Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma in Pakistan.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {14},
number = {8},
pages = {e27938},
pmid = {36120242},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Background The term triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to a particular class of aggressive, poorly differentiated neoplasms that show the absence of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibodies. SOX10 (SRY-related HMG-box 10) is a nuclear transcription factor that is commonly used to identify cancers of neural origin, but it has recently been linked to TNBC. The purpose of this study is to determine SOX10 expression in TNBC, its association with tumor grade for molecular categorization, and to determine the diagnostic significance of SOX10 in TNBC at the metastatic site in the case of an unknown primary. Methodology SOX10 was used to stain a tissue microarray of 100 patients. According to the tumor grade, SOX10 staining was classified as negative (<1%), patchy (1-10%), focal (10-70%), and diffuse (70-100%). SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) software was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Results The expression of SOX10 regarding positivity and intensity was higher in high-grade tumors than in intermediate-grade tumors (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions SOX10 is a reliable novel marker for the diagnosis of TNBC and has diagnostic utility in the unknown primary at the metastatic site.},
}

@article {pmid36110985,
year = {2022},
author = {},
title = {Erratum: Skin eruption involving bilateral breasts following radiation therapy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast: Erratum.},
journal = {International journal of women's dermatology},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {e052},
pmid = {36110985},
issn = {2352-6475},
abstract = {[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000016.].},
}

@article {pmid36109587,
year = {2022},
author = {Sobhani, F and Muralidhar, S and Hamidinekoo, A and Hall, AH and King, LM and Marks, JR and Maley, C and Horlings, HM and Hwang, ES and Yuan, Y},
title = {Spatial interplay of tissue hypoxia and T-cell regulation in ductal carcinoma in situ.},
journal = {NPJ breast cancer},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {105},
pmid = {36109587},
issn = {2374-4677},
abstract = {Hypoxia promotes aggressive tumor phenotypes and mediates the recruitment of suppressive T cells in invasive breast carcinomas. We investigated the role of hypoxia in relation to T-cell regulation in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). We designed a deep learning system tailored for the tissue architecture complexity of DCIS, and compared pure DCIS cases with the synchronous DCIS and invasive components within invasive ductal carcinoma cases. Single-cell classification was applied in tandem with a new method for DCIS ductal segmentation in dual-stained CA9 and FOXP3, whole-tumor section digital pathology images. Pure DCIS typically has an intermediate level of colocalization of FOXP3+ and CA9+ cells, but in invasive carcinoma cases, the FOXP3+ (T-regulatory) cells may have relocated from the DCIS and into the invasive parts of the tumor, leading to high levels of colocalization in the invasive parts but low levels in the synchronous DCIS component. This may be due to invasive, hypoxic tumors evolving to recruit T-regulatory cells in order to evade immune predation. Our data support the notion that hypoxia promotes immune tolerance through recruitment of T-regulatory cells, and furthermore indicate a spatial pattern of relocalization of T-regulatory cells from DCIS to hypoxic tumor cells. Spatial colocalization of hypoxic and T-regulatory cells may be a key event and useful marker of DCIS progression.},
}

@article {pmid36107313,
year = {2022},
author = {Walth-Hummel, AA and Herzig, S and Rohm, M},
title = {Nuclear Receptors in Energy Metabolism.},
journal = {Advances in experimental medicine and biology},
volume = {1390},
number = {},
pages = {61-82},
pmid = {36107313},
issn = {0065-2598},
mesh = {Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Humans ; *Metabolic Diseases/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Nuclear receptors are master regulators of energy metabolism through the conversion of extracellular signals into gene expression signatures. The function of the respective nuclear receptor is tissue specific, signal and co-factor dependent. While normal nuclear receptor function is central to metabolic physiology, aberrant nuclear receptor signaling is linked to various metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, or hepatic steatosis. Thus, the tissue specific manipulation of nuclear receptors is a major field in biomedical research and represents a treatment approach for metabolic syndrome. This chapter focuses on key nuclear receptors involved in regulating the metabolic function of liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic β-cells. It also addresses the importance of nuclear co-factors for fine-tuning of nuclear receptor function. The mode of action, role in energy metabolism, and therapeutic potential of prominent nuclear receptors is outlined.},
}

Adipose Tissue/metabolism
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics/metabolism
Energy Metabolism/physiology
Humans
*Metabolic Diseases/genetics/metabolism
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics/metabolism

@article {pmid36101863,
year = {2022},
author = {Yu, T and Cheng, W and Wang, T and Chen, Z and Ding, Y and Feng, J and Duan, Y and Hu, A and Li, M and Zhang, H and Li, Y and Ma, F and Guo, B},
title = {Survival Outcomes of Breast-Conserving Therapy versus Mastectomy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Including Centrally Located Breast Cancer: A SEER-Based Study.},
journal = {The breast journal},
volume = {2022},
number = {},
pages = {5325556},
pmid = {36101863},
issn = {1524-4741},
mesh = {*Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; *Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; },
abstract = {Purpose: This study aims to analyze the survival outcomes of breast cancer (BC) patients, especially centrally located breast cancer (CLBC) patients undergoing breast-conserving therapy (BCT) or mastectomy.

Methods: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) data of patients with T1-T2 invasive ductal or lobular breast cancer receiving BCT or mastectomy were reviewed. We used X-tile software to convert continuous variables to categorical variables. Chi-square tests were utilized to compare baseline information. The multivariate logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the relationship between predictive variables and treatment choice. Survival outcomes were visualized by Kaplan-Meier curves and cumulative incidence function curves and compared using multivariate analyses, including the Cox proportional hazards model and competing risks model. Propensity score matching was performed to alleviate the effects of baseline differences on survival outcomes.

Result: A total of 180,495 patients were enrolled in this study. The breast preservation rates fluctuated around 60% from 2000 to 2015. Clinical features including invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), lower histologic grade, smaller tumor size, fewer lymph node metastases, positive ER and PR status, and chemotherapy use were independently correlated with BCT in both BC and CLBC cohorts. In all the classic Cox models and competing risks models, BCT was an independent favorable prognostic factor for BC, including CLBC patients in most subgroups. In addition, despite the low breast-conserving rate compared with tumors located in the other areas, CLBC did not impair the prognosis of BCT patients.

Conclusion: BCT is optional and preferable for most early-stage BC, including CLBC patients.},
}

*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
*Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
Female
Humans
Lymphatic Metastasis
Mastectomy
Mastectomy, Segmental

@article {pmid36098873,
year = {2022},
author = {Hiraoka, E and Masumoto, N and Furukawa, T and Kuraoka, N and Nagamine, I and Kido, A and Sentani, K and Ootagaki, S},
title = {Follicular lymphoma without lymphadenopathy incidentally diagnosed by sentinel lymph node biopsy during breast cancer surgery: a case report.},
journal = {Surgical case reports},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {167},
pmid = {36098873},
issn = {2198-7793},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Concurrent breast cancer and malignant lymphoma is a rare phenomenon. This report describes malignant lymphoma that was incidentally diagnosed from a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) during breast cancer surgery.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old woman with a history of ovarian cancer and diabetes presented with right focal asymmetric density on a mammogram acquired during routine breast cancer screening. Ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 13.5-mm tumor in the upper lateral region of the right breast. A US-guided Mammotome biopsy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Preoperative assessments including positron emission tomography-computerized tomography, found no evidence of axillary lymphadenopathy or distant metastasis. Because the breast cancer was stage I, the patient underwent a right mastectomy and a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) at our hospital. Pathological assessment of the biopsy revealed follicular lymphoma (FL), but no metastatic breast cancer. The patient was referred to hematology to stage the FL. Bone marrow findings were negative and stage I FL was diagnosed. After the mastectomy, she was monitored and given adjuvant therapy with an aromatase inhibitor.

CONCLUSIONS: Follicular lymphoma was incidentally diagnosed from an SLNB obtained to determine the dissemination of early-stage breast cancer. Collaboration with hematologists is important to determine optimal treatment plans for such patients regardless of the rarity of such events.},
}

@article {pmid36098816,
year = {2022},
author = {Patil, A and Swerdlow, SH and Lossos, IS and Chapman, JR},
title = {Atypical follicular hyperplasia with light chain-restricted germinal centers after COVID-19 booster: a diagnostic pitfall.},
journal = {Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {36098816},
issn = {1432-2307},
abstract = {There has been a surge in COVID-19 vaccine-associated lymphadenopathy (LAD), including after the booster dose of vaccine. This can create diagnostic dilemmas in oncology patients as the relatively sudden LAD can mimic metastasis or cancer recurrence, at a risk of leading to additional but unnecessary anti-neoplastic therapy. Here we report the histopathologic features in a case of persistent LAD occurring in a patient with history of breast invasive ductal carcinoma which followed a COVID-19 vaccine booster. A needle core and then excisional biopsy showed atypical follicular hyperplasia with features that histologically and phenotypically could mimic follicular lymphoma, but the findings were ultimately interpreted to be reactive in nature and related temporally to COVID-19 vaccine. To our knowledge, this is the first case of an atypical lymphoproliferative lesion with features potentially mimicking lymphoma associated with COVID-19 vaccine.},
}

@article {pmid36097900,
year = {2022},
author = {Gao, BB and Zheng, Q and Yu, L and Luo, DJ and Nie, X and Xu, X},
title = {[Clinicopathological features and HER2 expression of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of the breast].},
journal = {Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology},
volume = {51},
number = {9},
pages = {843-849},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220430-00356},
pmid = {36097900},
issn = {0529-5807},
mesh = {*Carcinoma, Ductal ; *Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and HER2 expression of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma (MSCC) of the breast. Methods: A total of 47 MSCC cases diagnosed in the Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China from January 2010 to December 2021 were reviewed. The clinical information (including the follow-up data of HER2 positive patients) and pathological features were collected and analyzed. Results: All of the patients were female. Among the 47 cases, 25 were pure squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) and 22 were mixed metaplastic carcinoma with squamous cell component (MMSC). The median age of the patients was 54 years (range, 29-84 years). The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 0.8 to 10.0 cm, with a mean value of 3.3 cm, 85.7% (24/28) of the cases were smaller than 5 cm, and only 4 cases were larger than or equal to 5 cm. 89.5% of the MMSC presented with a solid mass. Cystic changes were more commonly found in the PSCC group (50%, P<0.05) than the MMSC group. 36.7% (11/30) of the patients had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The squamous cell carcinoma component in all cases showed diffuse or patchy expression of p63, p40 and CK5/6. 55.3% (26/47) of the cases showed triple-negative phenotype. Among the 7 HER2-positive patients, 6 were MMSC group, which had a significantly higher rate of HER2-positivity than that in the PSCC group (1 case). In 1 MMSC case, immunohistochemistry showed HER2 2+in the invasive ductal carcinoma component and HER2 negativity (0) in the squamous cell carcinoma component, but HER2 FISH was negative in invasive ductal carcinoma and positive in squamous cell carcinoma component. Six HER2-positive MSCC patients received anti-HER2-targeted therapy, including two patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with anti-HER2-targeted therapy before surgery. One patient achieved pathological complete remission, while the other achieved partial remission (the residual tumors were squamous cell carcinoma components). After 9-26 months of follow-up, four patients had no disease progression, two patients developed pulmonary metastases, and one patient showed local recurrence. Conclusions: MSCC is a group of heterogeneous diseases. PSCC and MMSC may be two different entities. Most of the MSCC are triple-negative and HER2 positivity is more commonly seen in MMSC with invasive ductal carcinoma component. Some HER2-positive MSCC patients can achieve complete remission or long-term progression-free survival after receiving anti-HER2 targeted therapy, but the squamous cell carcinoma component may be less sensitive to targeted therapy than the invasive ductal carcinoma component.},
}

*Carcinoma, Ductal
*Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Lymphatic Metastasis
Male
Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism

@article {pmid36097899,
year = {2022},
author = {Pan, XY and Wu, JK and Lang, ZQ and Qu, L and Jiang, L},
title = {[The value of immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and CD34 in differentiating ductal carcinoma in situ from ductal carcinoma in situ-like invasive breast cancer].},
journal = {Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology},
volume = {51},
number = {9},
pages = {838-842},
doi = {10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220428-00339},
pmid = {36097899},
issn = {0529-5807},
mesh = {Antigens, CD34 ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; *Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; *Neuroblastoma ; },
abstract = {Objective: To investigate the expression of Ki-67 and CD34 in the differential diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and DCIS-like invasive breast cancer (DLIBC). Methods: A total of 100 cases of DCIS and 150 cases of DLIBC diagnosed pathologically in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from January 2019 to March 2022 were collected. The expression of p63, CK5/6, Ki-67 and CD34 in both groups were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and evaluated. Results: The 100 cases of DCIS included 11 cases of low-grade DCIS, 28 cases of intermediate-grade DCIS and 61 cases of high-grade DCIS. IHC staining of p63 and CK5/6 showed the myoepithelial cells around cancerous duct were complete or partial absence. Ki-67 expression showed two patterns: high expression in the basal layers and scattered expression within the tumor. Most cases showed mainly high basal expression (77/100, 77%), and the proportion of this pattern was significantly different between low grade and high grade DCIS (P<0.05). All cases showed complete CD34 expression surrounding the cancerous duct with different proportion (vascular necklace) suggested small vessels proliferation. The 150 cases of DLIBC included 142 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (three cases of basal-like breast cancer was included), two cases of secretory carcinoma, three cases of solid papillary carcinoma, two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma and one case of acinar cell carcinoma. Among 142 cases of IDC, 13 cases were grade Ⅰ, 77 were grade Ⅱ and 52 were grade Ⅲ. IHC staining of p63 showed complete absence of myoepithelium. CK5/6 was negative in most cases and only positively expressed within the tumor in 3 cases of basal-like breast cancer. Ki-67 indicated a scattered expression pattern within the tumor. In most cases, CD34 immunostaining showed scattered positive blood vessels within the tumor while only two cases showed incomplete expression of CD34 around the tumor (2/150, 1.3%). The different expression patterns of Ki-67 and CD34 in DCIS and DLIBC was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The different expression patterns of Ki-67 and CD34 are helpful to distinguish DLIBC from DCIS. The appearance of "vascular necklace" with CD34 and the high expression of Ki-67 around the cancerous duct highly support the diagnosis of DCIS, and the scattered expression pattern of CD34 supports DLIBC.},
}

Antigens, CD34
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
*Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Female
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Ki-67 Antigen
*Neuroblastoma

@article {pmid36096439,
year = {2022},
author = {Li, H and Wang, S and Zeng, Q and Chen, C and Lv, X and Ma, M and Su, H and Ma, B and Chen, C and Fang, J},
title = {Serum Raman spectroscopy combined with multiple classification models for rapid diagnosis of breast cancer.},
journal = {Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {103115},
doi = {10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103115},
pmid = {36096439},
issn = {1873-1597},
abstract = {Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate in women. Current diagnostic methods are time-consuming, costly, and dependent on physician experience. In this study, we used serum Raman spectroscopy combined with multiple classification algorithms to implement an auxiliary diagnosis method for breast cancer, which will help in the early diagnosis of breast cancer patients. We analyzed the serum Raman spectra of 171 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 100 healthy volunteers; The analysis showed differences in nucleic acids, carotenoids, amino acids, and lipid concentrations in their blood. These differences provide a theoretical basis for this experiment. First, we used adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares (airPLS) and Savitzky-Golay (SG) for baseline correction and smoothing denoising to remove the effect of noise on the experiment. Then, the Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to extract features. Finally, we built four classification models: support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Neural Network Language Model (NNLM). The LDA, SVM, and NNLM achieve 100% accuracy. As supplementary, we added the classification experiment of the raw data. By comparing the experimental results of the two groups, We concluded that the NNLM was the best model. The results show the reliability of the combination of serum Raman spectroscopy and classification models under large sample conditions.},
}