@article {pmid42763585,
year = {2026},
author = {Himani, H and Jain, A and Agarwal, S and Gangwani, A},
title = {Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Profile of Malignant Breast Lesions in a Tertiary Care Center of Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {8},
pages = {e114826},
pmid = {42763585},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Breast carcinoma is a heterogeneous malignancy with variable histomorphological patterns and immunohistochemical profiles. Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) expression provides important prognostic and predictive information for treatment planning. Ki-67 was not evaluated in the present study; therefore, the reported immunohistochemical subgroups were based only on ER, PR, and HER2/neu expression. This study aimed to assess the histomorphological and immunohistochemical profile of malignant breast lesions in a tertiary care center in Central India.

METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 84 patients with histopathologically confirmed malignant breast lesions. Tumors were classified according to standard histopathological criteria and graded using the Nottingham modification of the Bloom-Richardson system. Immunohistochemistry was performed for ER, PR, and HER2/neu. Molecular subtypes were assigned based on ER, PR, and HER2/neu expression.

RESULTS:  The most common age group was 41-50 years (n = 39, 46.4%). Invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, accounted for 95.2% (80/84) of cases. Grade III tumors were observed in 58.3% (49/84), and lymph node metastasis was present in 58.3% (49/84). ER, PR, and HER2/neu positivity were observed in 59.5%, 53.6%, and 29.8% of cases, respectively. The hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative subgroup was the most common (59.5%), followed by HR-positive/HER2-positive (17.9%), HR-negative/HER2-positive (11.9%), and triple-negative (10.7%) subgroups. On descriptive analysis, HR positivity decreased with increasing tumor grade and nodal positivity, whereas HER2/neu positivity increased.

CONCLUSION: Histopathological evaluation combined with ER, PR, and HER2/neu immunohistochemistry provides important information for tumor classification, prognostic assessment, and therapeutic decision-making in breast carcinoma. Routine integrated reporting is essential for individualized management of malignant breast lesions.},
}

@article {pmid42766234,
year = {2026},
author = {Abunasser, S and Al-Taweel, R and Elnatsheh, S and Baraka, A and Al-Ismail, M and Aldosari, WR and Alquran, BA and Abdallah, AM and Al-Haidose, A},
title = {Male breast cancer in Arab populations: a systematic review of molecular, genetic, and clinicopathologic characteristics.},
journal = {Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute},
volume = {38},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42766234},
issn = {2589-0409},
support = {QUCG-CHS-25/26-716//Qatar University/ ; QUCG-CHS-25/26-736//Qatar University/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Male ; *Breast Neoplasms, Male/genetics/pathology/epidemiology ; *Arabs/genetics/statistics & numerical data ; Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; BRCA2 Protein/genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases, yet its incidence is increasing worldwide. Research on MBC remains limited, particularly in Arab populations, where molecular and genetic characteristics are poorly characterized. Improved understanding of MBC biology is essential to support region-specific, biology-driven management strategies.

METHODS: This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024607019) and conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to 28 December 2025. Eligible studies reported MBC cases from Arab countries and included data on molecular subtypes, receptor status, genetic alterations, and/or clinicopathologic characteristics. Data were extracted independently by four reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool, and findings were synthesized narratively with harmonization of tumor grade and stage where applicable.

RESULTS: From 9,337 records, 54 studies comprising 1,534 MBC patients met the inclusion criteria. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant histological subtype (92.6%). Among patients with reported intrinsic subtypes (n = 335), luminal A (45.7%) and luminal B (40.9%) accounted for over 86% of cases, whereas HER2-positive (4.8%) and triple-negative (8.4%) tumors were uncommon and triple-positive disease was rare (0.3%). Receptor status was reported for 1,031 patients, with high ER (71.5%) and PR (71.6%) positivity and low HER2 positivity (12.6%), alongside substantial heterogeneity in testing and reporting. Genetic data were available for 59 patients, most frequently identifying pathogenic truncating BRCA2 variants, although BRCA-negative cases were also reported. Surgery was the most reported treatment modality (n = 856), predominantly mastectomy-based, while endocrine therapy was frequently used and HER2-targeted therapy was infrequently reported.

CONCLUSION: MBC in Arab populations is predominantly hormone receptor-driven, characterized by luminal subtypes, high ER/PR positivity, and low HER2 expression. Genetic evidence, though limited, implicates BRCA2 as the most frequently reported susceptibility gene. These findings highlight the need for standardized molecular reporting and broader access to receptor profiling and genetic testing to support personalized, region-specific MBC management.},
}

Humans
Male
*Breast Neoplasms, Male/genetics/pathology/epidemiology
*Arabs/genetics/statistics & numerical data
Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
BRCA2 Protein/genetics
Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism

@article {pmid42762384,
year = {2026},
author = {Ogo, E and Arimura, T and Ogino, T and Toh, U and Murotani, K and Isomoto, I and Kubo, M and Nishimura, R and Miyata, Y and Suzuki, G and Hishikawa, Y and Mitsuyama, S and Nagata, R},
title = {Five-year outcomes of partial breast proton beam therapy without lumpectomy for early-stage breast cancer: an interventional prospective study.},
journal = {Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42762384},
issn = {1880-4233},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: We report on our initial clinical experience with partial breast proton beam therapy (PB-PBT) without tumor resection as an alternative to partial mastectomy for low-risk early-stage breast cancer.

METHODS: This trial commenced in 2015, and eligibility criteria included women with cT1N0M0 invasive ductal carcinoma, estrogen receptor positivity, human epidermal growth factor receptor type-2 negativity, age of 40-70 years, and a performance status of 0 or 1. In Phase I, PB-PBT was administered at 62.4 Gy (RBE) in 26 fractions using the field-in-field technique. After confirming that no serious adverse events occurred, Phase II was conducted using the same dose. Follow-up evaluations were conducted every 3 months for the first year after irradiation and every 6 months thereafter.

RESULTS: As of December 2025, 11 patients had completed a follow-up of ≥ 5 years. The median follow-up time was 82 months. Tumors exhibited immediate shrinkage post-PB-PBT, with morphological changes on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging observed within 3-6 months. No recurrence was observed within the irradiated field in patients with > 5 years of follow-up. Dermatitis was Grade 1 in 55% of cases and Grade 2 in 45%; there were no cases of Grade ≥ 3. Grade 1 telangiectasia was observed in 36% of patients after 2 years, although most patients tolerated the treatment well.

CONCLUSION: Preliminary clinical observations suggest that PB-PBT without lumpectomy achieves results within specific criteria and that it could be an option for breast cancer treatment using radiation therapy alone.},
}

@article {pmid42758755,
year = {2026},
author = {Xavier, SP and Victor, A and Gotine, AREM and de Albuquerque Maia, FH and Mahoche, M and Neves, MABD and Filho, ADPC and Galvão, ND and Cândido da Silva, AM},
title = {Machine learning for predicting mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil using linked population-based cancer registry and mortality data.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {21},
number = {9},
pages = {e0356621},
pmid = {42758755},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; Brazil/epidemiology ; *Breast Neoplasms/mortality/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Registries ; *Machine Learning ; Middle Aged ; Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms ; Predictive Learning Models ; Random Forest ; Aged ; Adult ; ROC Curve ; Logistic Models ; Classification Algorithms ; Prediction Algorithms ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. In Brazil, pronounced regional inequalities persist in access to timely diagnosis and treatment, particularly in large and socioeconomically heterogeneous states such as Mato Grosso. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models to predict 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality among women diagnosed with breast cancer in Mato Grosso, Brazil.

METHODS: A retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted, including 7,815 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2001 and 2018. The dataset was randomly split into training (75%) and testing (25%) sets. Logistic regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, CatBoost, and LightGBM models were developed to predict all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years. Model performance was primarily evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Calibration was assessed using calibration plots and the Brier score (BS), with 95% confidence intervals estimated via bootstrap resampling. Model interpretability was evaluated using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP).

RESULTS: Gradient boosting models consistently demonstrated superior performance across prediction horizons. For all-cause mortality, CatBoost achieved the highest discrimination at 1 year (AUROC 83.18%, 95% CI 80.01-86.33), while LightGBM showed higher discrimination at 3 and 5 years (AUROC 81.01%, 95% CI 78.63-83.42; and AUROC 78.39%, 95% CI 75.99-80.64, respectively). For breast cancer-specific mortality, logistic regression achieved the highest AUROC at 1 year (84.44%, 95% CI 81.04-87.35), whereas LightGBM achieved the highest at 3 years (AUROC 79.82%, 95% CI 77.15-82.34), XGBoost at 5 years (AUROC 80.79%, 95% CI 78.54-83.23). SHAP analyses consistently identified age at diagnosis, metastatic stage, histological diagnosis, invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and marital status as the most influential predictors.

CONCLUSIONS: ML models demonstrated good and stable discriminative performance in predicting breast cancer mortality using routine population-based data. These models may support the early identification of high-risk patients and help guide risk stratification and follow-up planning in resource-constrained health systems. However, the models have not yet been externally validated, and their generalizability to populations beyond Mato Grosso remains uncertain. External validation in independent populations is therefore warranted before broader implementation in other regions of Brazil.},
}

Humans
Female
Brazil/epidemiology
*Breast Neoplasms/mortality/diagnosis
Retrospective Studies
Registries
*Machine Learning
Middle Aged
Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms
Predictive Learning Models
Random Forest
Aged
Adult
ROC Curve
Logistic Models
Classification Algorithms
Prediction Algorithms

@article {pmid42755547,
year = {2026},
author = {Li, T and Tong, Y and Luo, M},
title = {Case Report: Ulcerative breast cancer occurring 20 years after breast augmentation with Amazingel injection.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1952422},
pmid = {42755547},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Polyacrylamide hydrogels (PAAG), commercially known as Amazingel, have been widely used for injectable breast augmentation in China since the early 2000s. Because PAAG is non-degradable, long-term retention in the body may lead to complications, including infection, granuloma formation, and induration. Concerns regarding its potential long-term carcinogenicity have also emerged. However, breast cancer developing after PAAG injection has rarely been reported, and cases occurring more than 20 years after injection are exceptionally rare. Previous reports have not described ulcerative presentations or detailed molecular subtypes.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of unilateral ulcerative breast cancer that developed 20 years after PAAG injection for breast augmentation. Following removal of the injected PAAG material and surgical debridement, the infection was controlled, and histopathological examination confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated ER (3+), PR (3+), HER2 (2+), whereas Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing suggested a HER2-negative status. Endocrine therapy was subsequently initiated.

CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ulcerative breast cancer occurring 20 years after PAAG injection for breast augmentation. The tumor exhibited a molecular profile of particular interest, characterized by robust hormone-receptor positivity and low HER2 expression. Ultra-long-term retention of PAAG may show a temporal association with breast cancer development, highlighting the need for long-term clinical surveillance decades after injection.},
}

@article {pmid42746957,
year = {2026},
author = {Nuseir, M and Ismatov, F and Abdulqader, AF and Kadhim, AA and Hanumanthayya, M and Singhal, D and Bainsal, N and Polatova, D},
title = {Oncostatin M as a Multifunctional Regulator of Breast Cancer Progression: Current Insights and Future Therapeutic Avenues.},
journal = {IUBMB life},
volume = {78},
number = {9},
pages = {e70131},
pmid = {42746957},
issn = {1521-6551},
mesh = {Humans ; *Oncostatin M/metabolism/genetics ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism/genetics/drug therapy ; Disease Progression ; Signal Transduction ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; },
abstract = {Breast cancer (BC) constitutes the most prevalent malignancy globally, with an incidence of approximately 80%-85% for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 10%-15% for invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and a persistently high mortality and morbidity rate. Although IDC and ILC originate from distinct cellular lineages (ductal and lobular epithelial cells, respectively), they frequently develop in the context of hormonal dysregulation and chronic proliferative stimuli. Recent evidence accumulated over the past decade has demonstrated a role for cytokines belonging to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family in the pathogenesis and progression of BC. These cytokines exert their effects via the activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways, activating downstream Janus kinase/signal transducer, and gp130 receptor subunit activation. As a member of the IL-6 family, Oncostatin M (OSM.) is critically involved in the processes of autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and oncogenesis, particularly in BC. It has been demonstrated that the overexpression of OSM and OSM receptor (OSMR) plays a pivotal role in cancer cell remodeling and promotes cell proliferation, angiogenesis, survival, invasion, and other hallmark features of BC. However, owing to the involvement of multiple signaling pathways, OSM can exert context-dependent and even contradictory effects in certain cancer types. This review aims to examine the emerging roles of OSM in BC, elucidate its multifunctional role in tumor regulation and progression, and ultimately explore therapeutic strategies developed to modulate this cytokine in the context of BC.},
}

Humans
*Oncostatin M/metabolism/genetics
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism/genetics/drug therapy
Disease Progression
Signal Transduction
Animals
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

@article {pmid42747628,
year = {2026},
author = {Zeytunlu, MB and Duzdag, FEI and Esin, H and Aktan, C and Kaymaz, BT},
title = {Identification of a circulating miR-6838-5p/miR-195-5p signature in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.},
journal = {Molecular biology reports},
volume = {53},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42747628},
issn = {1573-4978},
support = {Project No: 29979//Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *MicroRNAs/genetics/blood ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/blood ; *Breast Neoplasms/genetics/blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/blood ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Case-Control Studies ; *Circulating MicroRNA/genetics/blood ; Adult ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) are promising non-invasive biomarkers for breast cancer detection, but reproducible signatures remain limited. This study aimed to identify a circulating miRNA signature for invasive ductal breast carcinoma, evaluate its discriminatory performance in an independent serum cohort, and explore the biological context of the selected c-miRNAs.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Serum expression of 21 candidate c-miRNAs was analyzed by RT-qPCR in 46 treatment-naive invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients and 46 healthy controls. Whole-blood expression of immune checkpoint-related genes (PDCD1, CD274, CTLA4, and LAG3) was also assessed in 50 patients and 46 controls. Among the 21 candidates, 12 c-miRNAs were significantly dysregulated after FDR correction. miR-6838-5p and miR-195-5p showed the strongest discriminatory performance and were combined into a two-miRNA logistic regression model. This model achieved an AUC of 0.923 (95% CI: 0.873-0.974) in the discovery cohort and an optimism-corrected AUC of 0.917 after 1,000 bootstrap iterations. In the independent GSE73002 serum cohort, including 1,280 breast cancer patients and 2,684 non-cancer controls, the same two-miRNA combination retained strong ROC-derived discriminatory performance with an AUC of 0.939 (95% CI: 0.930-0.948). Exploratory downstream analyses provided additional biological context.

CONCLUSIONS: The miR-6838-5p/miR-195-5p combination represents a promising circulating miRNA signature for invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Its consistent discriminatory performance in the discovery cohort and an independent serum cohort supports further evaluation in larger prospective studies. Additional work in clinically diverse cohorts, including benign breast disease and early-stage populations, as well as paired serum-tissue and functional validation studies, is needed to define its clinical applicability and biological origin.},
}

Humans
Female
*MicroRNAs/genetics/blood
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/blood
*Breast Neoplasms/genetics/blood
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/blood
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
Middle Aged
Gene Expression Profiling/methods
Case-Control Studies
*Circulating MicroRNA/genetics/blood
Adult

@article {pmid42743112,
year = {2026},
author = {Malherbe, K and Benn, CA and Botha, G},
title = {Multi-site observational evaluation of Breast AI™-supported ultrasound risk stratification in breast cancer assessment pathways.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {21},
number = {9},
pages = {e0357975},
pmid = {42743112},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology/diagnosis ; Prospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Risk Assessment ; *Ultrasonography, Mammary/methods ; South Africa ; Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance metrics, referral patterns, and real-world implementation characteristics associated with a Breast AI™-supported ultrasound assessment pathway across multiple heterogeneous healthcare settings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective multi-site observational study included 1,129 women undergoing routine or symptom-driven breast assessment across five healthcare facilities in South Africa between April 2023 and April 2025. Breast AI™ was used as an adjunctive ultrasound-based clinical decision-support tool alongside standard clinical assessment and breast ultrasound imaging. Referral outcomes and histopathological diagnoses were recorded where clinically indicated. Diagnostic performance metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), were calculated using predefined dichotomised Breast AI™ risk categories. Site-level comparisons were assessed using chi-square analysis.

RESULTS: Among 1,129 clinical assessments, 417 patients underwent referral for further diagnostic evaluation, with 405 histopathologically confirmed malignancies identified. Referral-associated malignancy rates remained relatively consistent across participating healthcare sites, with no statistically significant site-level differences observed (χ² = 1.67, p = 0.795). Diagnostic performance analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 99.3% (95% CI: 97.8-99.8), specificity of 69.8% (95% CI: 66.3-73.1), PPV of 64.7% (95% CI: 61.2-68.0), and NPV of 99.4% (95% CI: 98.3-99.8). Higher Breast AI™ risk classifications were more frequently associated with invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma, whereas approximately 30% of ductal carcinoma in situ cases were classified within the low-risk category. The median interval between Breast AI™ assessment and histopathological confirmation was 18 days (IQR: 10-32 days).

CONCLUSION: In this prospective observational multi-site cohort, Breast AI™-supported ultrasound assessment demonstrated high observed negative predictive value and reproducible risk stratification across heterogeneous healthcare environments. However, interpretation of diagnostic accuracy metrics is limited by differential histopathological verification and the absence of long-term interval cancer follow-up among low-risk patients. The findings support the feasibility of integrating AI-supported ultrasound assessment into resource-variable clinical settings, while highlighting the need for future comparative, longitudinal, and health-economic evaluation studies.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/pathology/diagnosis
Prospective Studies
Middle Aged
Adult
Risk Assessment
*Ultrasonography, Mammary/methods
South Africa
Aged
Sensitivity and Specificity

@article {pmid42744606,
year = {2026},
author = {Kumar Ojha, A and Agrawal, V and Verma, R and Nigam, N and Jain, M and Misra, P},
title = {Quantifying Ki67 for characterising molecular subtypes in breast cancer: a comparative study of visual assessment and digital image analysis.},
journal = {Journal of clinical pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1136/jcp-2026-210651},
pmid = {42744606},
issn = {1472-4146},
abstract = {AIMS: Ki67 index assessment is crucial for breast cancer classification and prognosis. We compared Ki67 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using visual counting-eyeballing (VA-E), manual counting on images (VA-M) and digital image analysis (DIA) to evaluate agreement levels and the impact when using IHC as a surrogate for molecular classification.

METHODS: The study included needle biopsies of invasive breast cancers. The Ki67 index was re-estimated by DIA and VA-M. The re-estimated values were compared with previously reported VA-E values. Agreement was assessed by the kappa (κ) coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots were used to analyse the mean difference in the index and its impact on molecular classification.

RESULTS: The study included 389 invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type. The majority were grade 2 (n=205, 52.7%) and 44% (n=171) were hormone receptor-positive (HR+). Grade 1 and 2 tumours with a Ki67 index of <20% showed significantly lower estimates by VA-E than DIA. Bland-Altman analysis revealed mean differences of 1.8 (95% CI -0.24 to 3.4) for all IDC and 4.2 (95% CI -1.91 to 6.49) for HR+ luminal cancers. Re-evaluation of the Ki67 index by DIA reclassified 28/62 luminal-A-like tumours to luminal-B-like and 16/109 luminal-B-like tumours to luminal-A-like, with an absolute discordance of 25.7%. VA-M estimates correlated more closely with DIA than VA-E.

CONCLUSIONS: Lower Ki67 was observed with VA-E compared with DIA. There was discordance in the classification of luminal-like tumours, highlighting potential clinical implications when applying Ki67 cut-offs. VA-M demonstrated greater concordance with DIA than VA-E. For facilities lacking DIA, VA-M may be performed for Ki67, particularly in low-grade HR+ tumours.},
}

@article {pmid42746365,
year = {2026},
author = {Jain, D and Abbott, S and Zaiem, F and Wahidi, M and Kazziha, Z and Salem, NE and Al-Nuaimi, M and Jang, H and Kim, S and Bandyopadhyay, S and Fehmi, RA},
title = {Impact of Cavity Shaving on Margin Status and Re-excision Rates in Breast-Conserving Surgery: Experience from a Single Institute.},
journal = {Archives of breast cancer},
volume = {13},
number = {2},
pages = {200-208},
pmid = {42746365},
issn = {2383-0433},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The comparative outcomes of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with and without cavity shave margins (CSM) are not well established, despite prior randomized and observational studies, due to heterogeneity in patient populations and margin definitions. We aim to evaluate the impact of each procedure on final margin status and subsequent re-excision rates.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study comprising 529 women who underwent either BCS with CSM or BCS without CSM between 2013 and 2015 for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), or both at Detroit Medical Center, Michigan. Data, including final margin status (inked and close margin) and re-excision status, were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: Our analysis revealed no significant reduction in the incidence of positive margins (involved and tumor within 2 mm) among patients who underwent either procedure. In the univariable analysis, patients without lymph node (LN) metastases, those who underwent BCS with CSM, and those with pure IDC had a decreased risk of re-excision compared with those without LN sampling and those with only DCIS (all P < 0.001), respectively. These factors also remained significant in multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSION: Although no significant difference was observed between the 2 procedures in reducing the incidence of positive margins among patients with only IDC, only DCIS, and both IDC and DCIS, CSM showed a lower need for re-excision, particularly in cases with pure IDC.},
}

@article {pmid42734164,
year = {2026},
author = {Chevalley, K and Taxbro, K and Mernelius, S and Sigfridsson, P and Sandström, G},
title = {Contingency Methods for Cleaning Single-Use Medical Equipment in Crisis, Disaster, or War.},
journal = {Prehospital and disaster medicine},
volume = {41},
number = {1},
pages = {e21},
doi = {10.1017/S1049023X26109066},
pmid = {42734164},
issn = {1945-1938},
mesh = {Humans ; *Warfare ; *Disasters ; *Equipment Contamination/prevention & control ; *Disposable Equipment ; Equipment Reuse ; *Decontamination/methods ; Disinfectants ; Peracetic Acid ; *Disinfection/methods ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Shortages of disposable medical equipment can critically impair health care delivery during disasters or armed conflict. Although reprocessing single-use medical devices (SUDs) may represent the only feasible option under such conditions, evidence supporting simple, field-adapted cleaning methods is limited.

METHODS: In this exploratory study, 90 clinically used SUDs - endotracheal tubes (ETT), laryngeal mask airway (LMA), intravenous administration sets (IVS), syringes (SYR), indwelling urinary catheters (IDC), and nasogastric tubes (NGT) - were collected after surgery in a regional hospital. Devices were randomly allocated to cleaning with peracetic acid (PAA), 70% ethanol, or dishwashing detergent. Each item was brushed, immersed for ten minutes, and then air-dried. Microbiological sampling included pre-cleaning and post-cleaning cultures, and airway devices underwent Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing for 28 respiratory pathogens. Functional integrity was assessed after cleaning.

RESULTS: All three cleaning agents achieved statistically significant reductions in bacterial load (P < 0.05) with no difference between methods. The PCR testing detected Hemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) among other pathogens in 47% of airway devices before cleaning; all post-cleaning samples were negative. No structural or functional damage was observed.

CONCLUSION: Basic cleaning procedures with commonly available agents substantially reduced microbial contamination without impairing device function. These methods cannot replace validated sterilization but may serve as the only viable option when medical supply is critically constrained, such as in disasters or in armed conflict. Preparedness planning should encompass strategic stockpiling, surge production capacity, and resilient supply chains, together with rationing and substitution strategies, and - only as a last resort - protocols for cleaning and reusing single-use medical equipment.},
}

Humans
*Warfare
*Disasters
*Equipment Contamination/prevention & control
*Disposable Equipment
Equipment Reuse
*Decontamination/methods
Disinfectants
Peracetic Acid
*Disinfection/methods

@article {pmid42735289,
year = {2026},
author = {Takada, M and Takasawa, A and Akimoto, T and Takasawa, K and Murakami, T and Tada, A and Ono, Y and Nakahashi, N and Emori, M and Kyuno, D and Magara, K and Shima, H and Goto, M and Murata, M and Sugita, S and Saito, T and Osanai, M},
title = {Estrogen-dependent regulation of lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor via G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 in breast cancer malignancy.},
journal = {Tissue barriers},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {2731724},
doi = {10.1080/21688370.2026.2731724},
pmid = {42735289},
issn = {2168-8370},
abstract = {The lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is a tight junction protein implicated in tumor progression, yet its regulatory mechanisms in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. We found that high LSR expression correlates with poor overall survival in BC patients. RNA interference-mediated LSR knockdown significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, indicating its contribution to malignant phenotypes. Our investigation into its regulation revealed that estrogen increases LSR expression in both ERα-positive and ERα-negative BC cells. This upregulation is mediated predominantly by the membrane-type G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER1 and requires activation of the ERK and PI3K-Akt pathways. Immunohistochemical analysis of surgical specimens confirmed that LSR and GPER1 are overexpressed in ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma compared with normal epithelium, with their expression levels showing a significant positive correlation. These findings identify an E2-GPER1-LSR signaling axis that promotes BC malignancy independently of nuclear ER status. Thus, LSR represents a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target, and targeting the GPER1-mediated pathway may provide new insights into tumor progression and endocrine therapy response.},
}

@article {pmid42739249,
year = {2026},
author = {Zafrakas, M and Argyriou, T and Papasozomenou, P and Emmanouilides, C},
title = {Diagnosis of Extensive DCIS with Progressive Microcalcifications over a Period of 11 Years.},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {16},
number = {17},
pages = {},
pmid = {42739249},
issn = {2075-4418},
abstract = {A 53-year-old woman presented complaining of enlargement of her right breast; 12 years earlier she was treated elsewhere for an invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast with breast-conserving surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, anti-HER2 therapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. One year postoperatively, a group of microcalcifications was seen in the ipsilateral breast on mammography. In the following years, the area of microcalcifications progressively increased, but instead of vacuum-assisted biopsy, the treating physicians performed core needle biopsies that were negative for malignancy. Twelve years after initial diagnosis, when we first examined the patient, the right breast was diffusely hard on palpation and larger than the left. On ultrasound, a large area of architectural distortion was seen in the lower-inner quadrant; after core needle biopsy, histology showed extensive fibrosis with almost complete absence of cells. Due to the progressive enlargement of the area of microcalcifications, simple mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed. Final histology showed extensive areas of high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), pTis, pN0. This case highlights the long period of time that DCIS may exist without progression to invasive disease and possible caveats that may delay diagnosis of DCIS with potentially serious medicolegal implications.},
}

@article {pmid42739803,
year = {2026},
author = {Tepetam, H and Dursun, CU and Hanilce, MM and Nasifoglu, S and Ciflik, N and Gedik, D and Kokten, S and Karabulut Gul, S},
title = {Male Breast Cancer: An Analysis of Clinicopathological Features, Treatment Patterns, and Survival Outcomes over 10 Years from a Tertiary Center.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {15},
number = {17},
pages = {},
pmid = {42739803},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {Background/Objectives: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare malignancy accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancers, and current treatment recommendations are largely extrapolated from studies in women. We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors of male breast cancer patients treated at a tertiary referral center. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 45 patients with histopathologically confirmed MBC treated between January 2015 and July 2025. Demographic, clinicopathological, treatment, and follow-up data were collected from institutional records. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and potential prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 60 years, and invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant histological subtype (95.6%). Estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity were observed in 93.0% and 95.2% of patients, respectively, while HER2 positivity was identified in 26.8%. Modified radical mastectomy was performed in 95.6% of patients, adjuvant endocrine therapy in 88.9%, chemotherapy in 73.3%, and radiotherapy in 64.4%. After a median follow-up of 84 months (range, 1-125 months), the estimated 5-year OS and DFS rates were 85.3% and 68.4%, respectively. No locoregional recurrence was observed in the entire cohort; all recurrences were distant metastases. None of the evaluated clinicopathological variables demonstrated a statistically significant association with OS or DFS. Conclusions: This single-center experience demonstrates favorable long-term survival and no observed locoregional recurrence in a contemporary cohort of patients with male breast cancer. These real-world findings are consistent with current treatment strategies and provide additional evidence regarding the management of this rare disease. Larger multicenter collaborative studies are needed to establish robust prognostic models and generate male-specific evidence to further optimize clinical management.},
}

@article {pmid42741082,
year = {2026},
author = {Iriyama, H and Iwase, M and Takano, Y and Takeuchi, D and Ichikawa, T and Ohata, R and Ozaki, Y and Yamamoto, M and Inaguma, G and Torii, N and Toyoda, C and Kawabe, K and Kikumori, T and Masuda, N},
title = {Combining Pembrolizumab and Ofatumumab in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report.},
journal = {Surgical case reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42741082},
issn = {2198-7793},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Pembrolizumab has been widely used since its approval as perioperative therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. While the emergence of diverse antibody drugs has expanded therapeutic options in recent years, reports on the combined use of immune-related antibodies in patients with other diseases remain limited.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old woman presented with a 5-cm mass in her right breast. Needle biopsy confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (cT2N0M0, cStage IIB, triple-negative breast cancer). Pembrolizumab-based therapy was considered, but the patient was already receiving ofatumumab, an anti-CD20 antibody, for multiple sclerosis (MS). After consultation with a neurologist, she underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and pembrolizumab, followed by epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and pembrolizumab. Preoperative imaging indicated a clinical complete response. She underwent right partial mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy, and postoperative pathology confirmed a pathologic complete response. No exacerbation of MS has been observed to date.

CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates that pembrolizumab can be safely administered for triple-negative breast cancer in a patient receiving ofatumumab for MS, achieving a pathologic complete response.},
}

@article {pmid42727582,
year = {2026},
author = {Taifour, T and Gu, Y and Massé, A and Meng, X and Echavez, CD and Zuo, D and Sanguin-Gendreau, V and Blouin, A and Graham-Paquin, AL and Addie, M and Solymoss, E and Xiao, B and Proud, H and Attalla, SS and Nam, AJ and Papavasiliou, V and Kuasne, H and Siegel, PM and Keyomarsi, K and McCaffrey, L and Park, M and Muller, WJ},
title = {Neutrophil elastase-mediated myoepithelial loss is a therapeutic vulnerability in ductal carcinoma in situ progression.},
journal = {Cell reports. Medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {103050},
doi = {10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.103050},
pmid = {42727582},
issn = {2666-3791},
abstract = {Progression from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) marks a critical step in breast cancer progression, yet the mechanisms governing this transition remain poorly defined. Here, we identify neutrophils as a key immunological driver of DCIS progression. Across two independent breast cancer mouse models, neutrophil depletion or genetic deletion of their tumor-derived chemoattractant chitinase-3 like 1 (Chi3l1) preserves the myoepithelial barrier, halts DCIS-to-IDC transition, and suppresses lung metastasis. Mechanistically, tumor-infiltrating neutrophils release neutrophil elastase (NE) that degrades the basement membrane extracellular matrix, leading to erosion of the myoepithelial layer by anoikis. Pharmacological NE inhibition restores myoepithelial integrity and blocks DCIS progression and metastasis. Consistently, elevated NE levels in human breast cancer samples are associated with myoepithelial disruption, DCIS progression, and metastasis. Together, these findings identify neutrophils as key mediators of myoepithelial barrier disruption and highlight NE as a potential therapeutic target for high-risk DCIS.},
}

@article {pmid42730839,
year = {2026},
author = {Kim, M and Park, JO and Sun, DI and Lee, YS},
title = {Invasive carcinoma ex intraductal carcinoma of the salivary gland showing extensive infiltrative growth despite deceptively low-grade cribriform morphology.},
journal = {Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42730839},
issn = {1432-2307},
abstract = {Intraductal carcinoma (IDC) of the salivary gland is an uncommon neoplasm frequently associated with RET rearrangements, particularly in the intercalated duct subtype. Although invasive carcinoma ex IDC has increasingly been recognized, most reported cases have demonstrated overtly invasive or high-grade morphology distinct from the associated intraductal component. Herein, we report a case of NCOA4::RET fusion-positive IDC of the parotid gland showing extensive infiltrative growth into adjacent soft tissue despite deceptively low-grade cribriform histomorphology. Tumor cells showed diffuse SOX10 and S100 expression, supporting intercalated duct differentiation, while cribriform nests demonstrated heterogeneous myoepithelial cell preservation, ranging from an intact peripheral layer to its complete absence. Targeted next-generation sequencing identified an in-frame NCOA4::RET fusion. This case expands the morphologic spectrum of invasive carcinoma ex IDC and highlights that unequivocal infiltrative growth may occur despite retention of a deceptively low-grade feature.},
}

@article {pmid42733520,
year = {2026},
author = {Fornazari, V and Adler, GA and Hall, N and Alzoubi, Y and Abu Hana, R},
title = {HydroMark Clip-Guided Cryoablation of a <3-mm Breast Cancer at the Lower Limit of Sonographic Conspicuity in a High-Risk Surgical Patient.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {8},
pages = {e114521},
pmid = {42733520},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Breast cryoablation is emerging as a minimally invasive local treatment for carefully selected patients with low-risk, early-stage breast cancer. We report the case of a 73-year-old woman with a 3-mm, Nottingham grade 1, estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative invasive ductal carcinoma (cT1a cN0, stage IA) who was considered a poor surgical candidate because of severe pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, active tobacco and alcohol use, peripheral arterial disease, and ongoing antiplatelet therapy. Following ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, the tumor became poorly conspicuous, while the sonographically visible HydroMark clip (Devicor Medical Products, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) remained centered within the biopsy site. The clip was therefore used as the primary landmark for probe positioning during percutaneous ultrasound-guided cryoablation. Real-time ultrasonography confirmed complete ice-ball coverage of the clip-centered target, and hydrodissection maintained a protective plane between the ablation zone and the skin. The procedure was completed without complication. At the two-month follow-up, contrast-enhanced breast MRI and targeted ultrasound demonstrated expected post-ablation changes without suspicious residual enhancement or a residual mass. This case demonstrates that a HydroMark clip can serve as a reliable sonographic landmark for target localization and probe positioning when a small tumor becomes poorly conspicuous after biopsy. Although early imaging findings were favorable, longer-term follow-up is needed to confirm durable local tumor control.},
}

@article {pmid42724879,
year = {2026},
author = {Liu, M and Chong, Y and Sun, Q and Mao, F},
title = {Late breast cancer recurrence concurrent with silicone breast implant rupture 17 years after mastectomy and immediate implant-based reconstruction in a 53-year-old woman: a case report.},
journal = {Gland surgery},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {240},
pmid = {42724879},
issn = {2227-684X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Late locoregional breast cancer recurrence and silicone implant rupture can produce similar cutaneous and periprosthetic abnormalities. However, positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) may mask the true malignant tumor due to implant-related inflammation, resulting in false-negative results. Cases where breast cancer recurrence and silicone implant rupture coexist have rarely been reported. We report histologically confirmed recurrence with silicone implant rupture 17 years after mastectomy and immediate implant-based reconstruction for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 53-year-old woman presented a 4-month history of progressive peri-areolar skin lesions 17 years after right mastectomy and immediate implant-based reconstruction. The lesions initially appeared in the medial peri-areolar region and subsequently extended toward the nipple, with erythema, ulceration, and crusting. Ultrasonography demonstrated skin and subcutaneous oedema, increased vascularity, multiple hypoechoic periprosthetic lesions, and implant capsule discontinuity. PET/CT showed mildly increased peri-areolar uptake [maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), 5.2] but no discrete hypermetabolic mass or regional nodal involvement; the findings were interpreted as implant rupture-related inflammation. No pre-operative biopsy or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The patient underwent excision of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) and involved peri-areolar skin, partial capsulectomy, and implant removal. Intraoperative frozen section confirmed malignancy; implant rupture was identified after capsulotomy. Final histopathological examination revealed a 3.4 cm × 2.5 cm × 2.0 cm, histologic grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma with multifocal epidermal and subdermal invasion, Paget disease of the nipple, and carcinoma involving the fibrous capsule wall. The tumour was estrogen receptor (ER) positive, progesterone receptor (PR) negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and had a Ki-67 index of 10%. All peri-areolar lesions represented malignant infiltration, with no silicone granuloma identified. Postoperative treatment would comprise four cycles of anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy, locoregional radiotherapy, and long-term endocrine therapy. The wound healed without complication until the last follow-up in May 2026.

CONCLUSIONS: In implant-reconstructed breasts, late-onset skin changes, capsular abnormalities, or new periprosthetic masses warrant timely tissue diagnosis, even when PET/CT does not demonstrate a discrete malignant focus or suggests implant-related inflammation. Imaging findings alone may not reliably distinguish implant rupture-associated changes from locoregional breast cancer recurrence.},
}

@article {pmid42727046,
year = {2026},
author = {Quintero, HI and Garcia-Robledo, JE and Ospina, JA and Martínez-Cordero, H and Martinez-Correa, LM and Torres Viera, MA and Beltran, BE and Villela, L and Oliver, AC and von Glasenap, A and Roa, M and Stemmelin, G and Macias, J and Colunga-Pedraza, PR and Candelaria, M and Zamora, M and Ríos-Jiménez, RO and Pichardo-Rodriguez, R and Perini, GF and Abdo, A and Cordeiro de Farias, DL and Uriol, DC and Paredes-Noguni, S and Frutos, CA and Avila-Rueda, JA and Cantillo Garcia, AM and Chinchia, IM and Niño-Galvis, J and Gómez-Calcetero, CF and De la Hoz, CA and Hernández-Ruiz, E and Ramírez, F and Fonseca, JA and Muñio-Perurena, JE and Quintero-Sierra, Y and Vela-Ruiz, JM and Barrios, LF and Manrique-Hernández, EF and Ferrigno, R and Orozco, S and Sandoval-Sus, J and Chiattone, C and Castillo, J and Valcarcel, B and Malpica, L},
title = {Latin American Consensus for the Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified.},
journal = {JCO global oncology},
volume = {12},
number = {9},
pages = {e2600265},
doi = {10.1200/GO-26-00265},
pmid = {42727046},
issn = {2687-8941},
mesh = {Humans ; Latin America ; Neoplasm Staging ; *Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/diagnosis/therapy/pathology ; Consensus ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is an aggressive, heterogeneous subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. In Latin America (LATAM), management is challenged by restricted access to advanced diagnostics, higher prevalence of oncogenic viruses (Epstein-Barr virus, HTLV-1), and variable health care resources. This international consensus provides evidence-based, regionally adapted recommendations for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification, treatment, and follow-up of adult patients with PTCL-NOS.

METHODS: A multidisciplinary panel of hematologists and oncologists from multiple LATAM countries, who are members of the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos, used a modified Delphi process (February-July 2025). An initial questionnaire of 11 items addressed diagnostic evaluation, staging, risk stratification, first-line therapy, response assessment, consolidation with stem-cell transplantation, salvage therapy, and supportive care. Consensus was defined as ≥80% agreement on a five-point Likert scale using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method. Two rounds of anonymous voting and discussion incorporated cost-effectiveness and local resource constraints.

RESULTS: Key recommendations include (1) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) as preferred staging modality (with total metabolic tumor volume for prognostication) plus mandatory bone-marrow biopsy; (2) Prognostic Index for PTCL-U as primary risk-stratification tool; (3) cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone for fit patients ≤60 years with planned autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT), versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone-21 otherwise; (4) brentuximab vedotin + cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone for CD30[+] cases (≥10% expression); (5) interim and end-of-treatment PET/CT for response assessment; (6) ASCT in first complete remission; (7) early allogeneic transplantation referral for relapsed/refractory disease; and (8) standardized immunohistochemistry/flow cytometry panels. Resource-limited adaptations prioritize accessible strategies and encourage clinical trial participation.

CONCLUSION: This LATAM-specific consensus integrates global evidence with regional realities to optimize outcomes for PTCL-NOS. Implementation should standardize care, reduce diagnostic delays, and improve equitable access to effective therapies across LATAM.},
}

Humans
Latin America
Neoplasm Staging
*Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/diagnosis/therapy/pathology
Consensus

@article {pmid42718642,
year = {2026},
author = {Samusieva, A and Gorodetska, I and Socha, O and Lytovchenko, Y and Kisielov, R and Dons Koi, B and Kozeretska, D and Lukiyanchuk, V and Dubrovska, A and Cheshuk, V and Ponomarova, O and Kozeretska, I},
title = {Case Report: Synergistic potential of RANKL and ACLY inhibition in a breast cancer patient with acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1911207},
pmid = {42718642},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The development of acquired resistance to cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) represents a major clinical challenge in the management of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer. Overcoming this resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies that target the underlying molecular escape pathways.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a patient initially diagnosed in 2011 with pT2N0M0, ER+/HER2- invasive ductal carcinoma. Following multimodality treatment, she experienced disease progression with bone metastases after five years, followed by lymph node metastases at the ten-year mark. Subsequent treatment with the CDK4/6i ribociclib in combination with fulvestrant resulted in disease progression approximately one year later, indicating acquired resistance. Due to progressive bone loss, denosumab was initiated for skeletal support, and bempedoic acid was later added for dyslipidemia.

DISCUSSION: This case provides a clinical basis for exploring two innovative therapeutic concepts to overcome resistance. First, we discuss the complex role of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibition. Given that leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) functions as a decoy receptor for RANKL, we hypothesize that a patient's LGR4 expression status may dictate the efficacy and safety of denosumab, potentially serving as a predictive biomarker to personalize its use. Second, we propose that bempedoic acid, a supportive care medication, may exert a direct anti-neoplastic effect. Its dual mechanism, inhibiting ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) to disrupt lipid synthesis and activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to suppress mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, positions it as a potential agent to counteract the metabolic reprogramming associated with therapeutic resistance.

CONCLUSION: This case report illustrates the sequential development of acquired therapeutic resistance in the long-term management of metastatic breast cancer. Although a single clinical observation cannot establish definitive efficacy, this scenario generates compelling hypotheses for future studies. It highlights the potential need to explore biomarker-driven approaches-such as evaluating LGR4 expression to guide RANKL inhibition-to personalize treatment. Additionally, it raises the possibility that repurposed supportive care medications, such as bempedoic acid, might offer hypothetical anti-neoplastic benefits, warranting broader clinical validation to overcome complex resistance mechanisms.},
}

@article {pmid42722231,
year = {2026},
author = {Melotek, JM and Moshe, AB and Gerber, NK and Shiran, I and Shua, TE and Glasel, MS and Berger, Y and Yavetz, D and Gutfeld, O and Sonnenblick, A},
title = {Severe Acute Radiation Dermatitis Following Ultra-Hypofractionated Whole Breast Radiation Therapy in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.},
journal = {Practical radiation oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.prro.2026.08.013},
pmid = {42722231},
issn = {1879-8519},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Whole-breast ultra-hypofractionated radiation therapy is an accepted adjuvant option for early-stage breast cancer, but evidence remains limited for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly those receiving chronic disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy.

CLINICAL SCENARIO: A 76-year-old woman with clinically quiescent SLE/Sjögren syndrome on mycophenolate mofetil was diagnosed with left breast invasive ductal carcinoma, ER/PR-positive and HER2-negative. After breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy, pathology showed a 13-mm grade 3 tumor with lymphovascular invasion, negative margins, and 0/5 sentinel nodes, pT1cN0(sn), stage IA. Radiation omission was considered because of age, node-negative disease, and planned endocrine therapy; however, grade 3 histology, lymphovascular invasion, and Ki-67 of 43% placed her outside the lowest-risk populations supporting omission. During a period of active regional conflict with daily missile threats, an expedited regimen was selected. She received 26 Gy in 5 fractions to the left whole breast using supine field in-field 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, without regional nodal irradiation or tumor-bed boost. Dosimetry was acceptable, with PTV V95% 95%, maximum dose 104.9%, mean heart dose 0.8 Gy, and ipsilateral lung V8 Gy 15%.

OUTCOME: Approximately 2 weeks after treatment, she developed progressive erythema, diffuse breast edema, pain, and extensive confluent moist desquamation beyond skin folds, without evidence of infection, consistent with RTOG grade 3 acute radiation dermatitis. Management included topical corticosteroids, silver sulfadiazine, enzyme alginogel, polymeric membrane dressings, analgesics, close nursing follow-up, and subsequent lymphedema-directed physiotherapy. Recovery was prolonged, and later rheumatologic reassessment documented recurrent systemic symptoms requiring belimumab.

CONCLUSION: Although causality cannot be proven, the severity of acute dermatitis was atypical for FAST-Forward whole-breast irradiation and suggests that SLE-associated radiosensitivity may have contributed. Modern data indicate that connective tissue disease is not an absolute contraindication to breast radiation, and hypofractionation can be feasible. However, evidence is sparse for whole-breast ultra-hypofractionation in patients with SLE on chronic DMARD therapy. Multidisciplinary assessment, explicit counseling, consideration of moderate hypofractionation or reduced-volume treatment when oncologically acceptable, and systematic reporting of severe toxicity are warranted.},
}

@article {pmid42711181,
year = {2026},
author = {Guo, W and Ma, Y and Yin, L and Wang, Y and Liu, A and Lyu, B and Zhu, Y and Bian, K and Wu, J and Jiang, J and Ye, Z},
title = {Contrast-Enhanced Cone-Beam Breast CT Features for Differentiation of Breast Lesions with a Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Component.},
journal = {Academic radiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2026.08.099},
pmid = {42711181},
issn = {1878-4046},
abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: Preoperative differentiation among ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), DCIS with microinvasion (DCISM), and DCIS with invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS-IDC) remains challenging. We explored clinicopathological and contrast-enhanced cone-beam breast CT (CE-CBBCT) features associated with invasive status and developed exploratory stepwise models.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with DCIS, DCISM, or DCIS-IDC undergoing preoperative CE-CBBCT from August 2018 to January 2026 were retrospectively included in the training cohort, whereas patients meeting the same inclusion criteria at the same institution from February 2026 to June 2026 comprised a temporally separated validation cohort. Clinicopathological and CE-CBBCT features were compared among groups. Logistic regression models were developed to distinguish DCIS from invasive lesions and DCISM from DCIS-IDC using CE-CBBCT features.

RESULTS: 164 women were included in the training cohort and 58 in the validation cohort. In the training cohort, sentinel lymph node metastasis, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, Ki-67 expression, and nuclear grade differed among groups (all P < 0.05). DCIS and DCISM differed in the maximum extent perpendicular to the ductal orientation (P = 0.014) and adjacent vessel sign (P = 0.005), whereas DCISM and DCIS-IDC differed in the degree of lesion enhancement and lesion type (both P < 0.001). The two models achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.815 and 0.810 in the training cohort and 0.785 and 0.817, respectively, in the temporally separated validation cohort.

CONCLUSION: CE-CBBCT features varied with invasive status, and the exploratory models showed preliminary discriminatory value. However, prospective multicenter external validation is needed before clinical implementation.},
}

@article {pmid42713085,
year = {2026},
author = {Tluli, O and Abujbara, MM and Almaraghi, EA and Tluli, D and Babu, GR and Vranic, S},
title = {A clinicopathologic and survival analysis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the breast.},
journal = {Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland)},
volume = {30},
number = {2},
pages = {157-169},
pmid = {42713085},
issn = {1428-2526},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is an exceptionally rare salivary gland-type malignancy with uncertain prognostic behaviour. This study compared the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of MEC and invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS) using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis of SEER data (1975-2022) identified cases with MEC (n = 42) and IDC-NOS (n = 50,881). Demographic, clinicopathologic, and treatment variables were compared using χ[2] and one-way analysis of variance tests. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analysed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases were older (≥ 70 years: 91.0% vs. 31.1%; p < 0.001) and predominantly White. Compared with IDC-NOS, MEC exhibited lower HER2 positivity (0.0% vs. 31.4%), oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor expression (31.0% and 0.0% vs. 60.1% and 52.3%), and distant metastasis (0.0% vs. 20.1%) (all p < 0.001). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases were less likely to undergo surgery (85.7%) or receive systemic therapy (40.5%, p < 0.05). Only five deaths (OS) and three (DSS) occurred among MEC cases. Kaplan-Meier curves showed similar early survival, but MEC survival plateaued after 120 months, whereas IDC-NOS declined steadily. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed higher all-cause mortality for IDC-NOS (adjusted hazard ratios [HR] = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.18-12.22), with no significant difference in cancer-specific mortality (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 0.71-7.58).

CONCLUSIONS: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma exhibits distinct clinicopathologic features, limited metastatic potential, and favourable long-term survival despite frequent triple negativity. Its indolent course supports conservative management for low-grade cases, warranting further molecular and prognostic studies.},
}

@article {pmid42710390,
year = {2026},
author = {Tokan Özkiliçaslan, F and Geçkil, E},
title = {Development and pilot study of an evidence-based clustered care practice guide within the framework of individualized developmental care in NICUs.},
journal = {Journal of pediatric nursing},
volume = {91},
number = {},
pages = {713-722},
doi = {10.1016/j.pedn.2026.08.071},
pmid = {42710390},
issn = {1532-8449},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Clustered care is a core component of individualized developmental care (IDC) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). However, the absence of standardized, evidence-based guidance results in variability in nursing practices, potentially compromising developmental stability and care quality. This study aimed to develop, validate, and pilot an evidence-based Clustered Care Practice Guide to support standardized nursing care in NICUs.

METHODS: This methodological study followed a de novo guideline development approach (April 2022-June 2025). Multiple data sources were integrated, including a PRISMA-guided and PROSPERO-registered systematic review, a descriptive survey with 122 NICU nurses, clinical observations in two university hospitals, and five focus group interviews with 35 nurses. Synthesized evidence was translated into structured recommendations. Content validity was evaluated by 33 multidisciplinary experts using the Davis technique, and methodological quality was assessed according to AGREE II criteria. A pilot implementation was conducted to evaluate feasibility and clinical applicability.

RESULTS: The final guide comprised 55 items across five sections. All items demonstrated acceptable content validity (I-CVI ≥ 0.78), with excellent overall validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.96). The guide met AGREE II standards. Pilot testing with five nurses and subsequent evaluation by 25 nurses indicated high acceptability, with 95.8% rating the guide as effective and useful. Thematic analysis revealed improved clinical decision-making, workflow organization, professional confidence, and standardization of care practices.

CONCLUSION: The Clustered Care Practice Guide demonstrates strong methodological rigor and high clinical applicability. It offers a structured, evidence-based framework to standardize clustered care and enhance developmentally supportive practices in NICUs.},
}

@article {pmid42699919,
year = {2026},
author = {Rezaei, O and Mousavi, SZ and Omranipour, R and Karkeabadi, N and Nozheh, A and Jalaeefar, A},
title = {Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: report of the diagnosis and management of two cases.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {138},
number = {9},
pages = {3735-3742},
pmid = {42699919},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Clinical data on breast adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) remain limited, and management strategies are not well defined. In this article, we present two cases of breast ACC that were managed at a tertiary care hospital.

PRESENTATION OF CASE: The first patient, a 42-year-old woman, was referred to our clinic due to cyclical left breast pain and a palpable mass in the left breast. Mammography did not reveal any masses; however, bilateral breast MRI with and without contrast identified a suspicious mass in the left breast, raising concern for malignancy. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of the specimen showed triple-negative status for ER, PR, and HER2. The patient underwent a partial mastectomy without axillary lymph node dissection, followed by Grisotti flap reconstruction. Histopathological examination of the excised mass confirmed the diagnosis of ACC. The second patient, a 49-year-old woman, was initially diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma on the basis of a core needle biopsy and had undergone eight cycles of chemotherapy without any improvement. Mammography revealed a spiculated 17 mm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Breast ultrasound detected a hypoechoic mass with irregular borders on the lateral side of the right breast, categorized as BI-RADS 4. IHC confirmed that the mass was triple-negative. She underwent a lumpectomy, and histopathological examination of the excised mass confirmed the diagnosis of ACC.

DISCUSSION: ACC can be misdiagnosed as other types of breast cancer when clinical awareness is insufficient, potentially leading to unnecessary chemotherapy and inappropriate treatment. Using a combination of imaging modalities may improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate earlier detection.

CONCLUSION: Our study contributes to the existing literature by offering additional insights into the clinical characteristics and management strategies of breast ACC.},
}

@article {pmid42703986,
year = {2026},
author = {Meșină, R and Pascu, AM and Câmpeanu, R and Popa, DG and Dicianu, AM and Vasile, I and Obleaga, CV},
title = {Multidisciplinary Management of Fungating Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer: Report of Two Cases.},
journal = {Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)},
volume = {121},
number = {4},
pages = {472-481},
doi = {10.21614/chirurgia.3377},
pmid = {42703986},
issn = {1221-9118},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/therapy/complications ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy/pathology/complications/secondary ; Palliative Care/methods ; Mastectomy/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Combined Modality Therapy ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The therapeutic management of breast cancer is continuously evolving, leading to improved cure and survival rates. However, despite these advances, the management of fungating breast cancer has remained largely unchanged and is frequently regarded as a condition requiring palliative treatment rather than a potentially curative approach. Furthermore, metastatic and locally advanced fungating breast cancers, particularly in younger patients, remain challenging to manage due to the lack of clear therapeutic recommendations in international guidelines (NCCN, ESMO), while published reports on this topic are scarce. This report presents two clinical cases of locally advanced, metastatic fungating breast cancer managed through individualized multidisciplinary strategies. The cases illustrate the complexity of therapeutic decision-making in these challenging scenarios and highlight the role of adaptive, multidisciplinary management.

METHODS: The first case involved a 38-year-old woman diagnosed with stage IV triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma complicated by sepsis, severe anemia, and left subclavian vein thrombosis. Initial systemic therapy, radiotherapy, antibiotic treatment, and correction of anemia achieved temporary local and systemic disease control. However, subsequent tumor necrosis and recurrent sepsis necessitated palliative (toilet) mastectomy. The second case involved a 58-year-old woman diagnosed with locally advanced Luminal B invasive ductal carcinoma complicated by infection and bleeding, who refused neoadjuvant systemic treatment and subsequently underwent modified radical mastectomy with reconstruction of the chest wall defect using a split-thickness skin graft, followed by systemic oncological treatment.

RESULTS: These cases illustrate the potential role of individualized treatment sequencing adapted to disease evolution and patient condition. Case 1 demonstrated that aggressive multidisciplinary management, including systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy for brain metastases, and surgical control of local complications may achieve sustained disease control in carefully selected triple-negative patients. Case 2 demonstrated that in patients refusing neoadjuvant treatment, surgical resection with reconstructive techniques may achieve local control, followed by effective systemic management of subsequent metastatic disease.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a personalized treatment plan, close monitoring by a multidisciplinary tumor board, and continuous reassessment of the therapeutic strategy in response to newly emerging clinical challenges are key elements in the management of locally advanced fungating breast cancer. These observations should be regarded as hypothesis-generating examples of adaptive multidisciplinary care rather than evidence supporting generalized therapeutic recommendations. Future studies are needed to better define optimal management strategies for fungating metastatic breast cancer.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/therapy/complications
Middle Aged
Adult
Treatment Outcome
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy/pathology/complications/secondary
Palliative Care/methods
Mastectomy/methods
Neoplasm Staging
Combined Modality Therapy

@article {pmid42706267,
year = {2026},
author = {Dussot, M and Le Parc, L and Sabbane, S and Zedda, A and Chafik, A and Gallerand, A and Dumas, K and Bonnafous, S and Kwon, Y and Lacas-Gervais, S and Hinault Boyer, C and Chinetti, G and Giorgetti-Peraldi, S and Gual, P and Ivanov, S and Zeigerer, A and Tanti, JF and Cormont, M and Gilleron, J},
title = {Rab4b controls hepatic glucose production during fasting through glycophagy.},
journal = {Nature communications},
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42706267},
issn = {2041-1723},
support = {ANR18-CE14-0035-01-GILLERON//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; ANR-23-CE14-0048-01//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; ANR-20-CE13-0021//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; ANR-25-CE14-3253-01//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; ANR-11-LABX-0028-01//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; ANR-15-IDEX-01//Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Humans ; *Fasting/metabolism ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Mice, Knockout ; *Glucose/metabolism/biosynthesis ; Mice ; *rab4 GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism/genetics ; Gluconeogenesis ; Endocytosis ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/metabolism/genetics ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; },
abstract = {Hepatic glucose production, essential for maintaining glycemia, is often altered in metabolic-associated fatty liver and glycogen storage diseases. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate the glucose production by hepatocyte is pivotal. Recent studies have identified endocytic trafficking as a key modulator of liver glucose production. Particularly, its role in directing protein trafficking toward lysosomal degradation influences gluconeogenesis. However, the contribution of endocytic recycling to liver glucose production remains yet poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that hepatocyte-specific disruption of endocytic recycling, achieved through Rab4b knockout in male, leads to fasting hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, hepatocytes lacking Rab4b exhibit an increased capacity to produce glucose independently of gluconeogenesis by depleting their glycogen stores. This is driven by enhanced glycophagy, leading to excessive glucose release and fasting hyperglycemia. Notably, liver Rab4b expression also correlates with glycemia in both mice and human, highlighting a critical role of Rab4b-dependent endocytic recycling in regulating blood glucose homeostasis during fasting.},
}

Animals
*Liver/metabolism
Male
Humans
*Fasting/metabolism
Hepatocytes/metabolism
Mice, Knockout
*Glucose/metabolism/biosynthesis
Mice
*rab4 GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism/genetics
Gluconeogenesis
Endocytosis
Glycogen/metabolism
Hyperglycemia/metabolism/genetics
Blood Glucose/metabolism
Mice, Inbred C57BL

@article {pmid42697858,
year = {2026},
author = {Ikeda, J and Taniguchi, H and Inoue, M and Masuo, Y and Nakamoto, T and Taguchi, M and Shimada, S and Mishima, T and Yanishi, M and Uchida, K and Kinoshita, H},
title = {Distinct Prognostic Roles of Grade Group and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated With Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors.},
journal = {International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association},
volume = {33},
number = {9},
pages = {e70630},
pmid = {42697858},
issn = {1442-2042},
mesh = {Humans ; Male ; *Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/mortality/blood ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Nitriles/therapeutic use ; Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Benzamides/therapeutic use ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood ; *Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use/pharmacology ; Aged, 80 and over ; Middle Aged ; Progression-Free Survival ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Prostate/pathology ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Phenylthiohydantoin/therapeutic use/analogs & derivatives ; Abiraterone Acetate/therapeutic use ; Thiohydantoins ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of grade group (GG) and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), as established prognostic factors, on clinical endpoints in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients treated with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs).

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 147 patients with mHSPC treated with androgen deprivation therapy and ARSIs (abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, or apalutamide). Associations between clinicopathological factors, including GG 5 and IDC-P, and prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival (PSA-PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS: GG 5 was identified in 66% of patients, and IDC-P was present in 51% of patients. GG 5 was an independent predictor of PSA-PFS, whereas IDC-P was not. In contrast, IDC-P was independently associated with poorer CSS, while GG was not. Neither IDC-P nor GG was significantly associated with OS. The combined evaluation of GG 5 and IDC-P showed the best prognostic predictive ability for PSA-PFS, CSS, and OS.

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ARSI-treated mHSPC, both GG 5 and IDC-P are important prognostic factors, although they play distinct roles in predicting clinical outcomes.},
}

Humans
Male
*Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/mortality/blood
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Nitriles/therapeutic use
Aged
Neoplasm Grading
Benzamides/therapeutic use
Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood
*Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use/pharmacology
Aged, 80 and over
Middle Aged
Progression-Free Survival
Signal Transduction/drug effects
Prostate/pathology
Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
Phenylthiohydantoin/therapeutic use/analogs & derivatives
Abiraterone Acetate/therapeutic use
Thiohydantoins

@article {pmid42694664,
year = {2026},
author = {Cabrera-Salcedo, SC and Parra-Lara, LG and Fernandes-Pineda, M and Toro-Pedroza, A and Hincapie, JSV and Rios-Serna, LJ and Loukanov, A and Ortiz-Guzman, J and Garcia-Robledo, JE and Cañas, CA and Cruz-Suarez, GA and Osorio, FO and Gustafson, MP and Restrepo, JG and Mosquera, A and Hoyos, V and Baena, JC},
title = {A proposal of good manufacturing practices (GMP) laboratory for CAR T-cell therapy in Latin America and the Caribbean: challenges and opportunities.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1875553},
pmid = {42694664},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {Humans ; Caribbean Region ; Latin America ; *Immunotherapy, Adoptive/standards ; *Laboratories/standards ; },
abstract = {Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a transformative modality for refractory hematologic malignancies; however, its adoption in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is severely constrained by prohibitive manufacturing costs, limited specialized infrastructure, and fragmented regulatory frameworks. To address this translational gap, we propose a pragmatic, cost-adapted model for establishing Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) laboratories tailored to the socioeconomic realities of LAC. This model advocates for decentralized, modular cleanroom facilities that integrate fully closed automated manufacturing platforms with risk-based quality management systems. Furthermore, we emphasize the strategic implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital health tools-such as electronic batch records and predictive analytics-to optimize resource utilization and ensure stringent regulatory compliance. Essential to this framework is the cultivation of a specialized local workforce and the promotion of regional regulatory harmonization through initiatives like PAHO's Red PARF. Ultimately, this scalable approach provides a realistic roadmap to democratize CAR T-cell therapy in LAC, fostering regional biomanufacturing autonomy and promoting equitable patient access.},
}

Humans
Caribbean Region
Latin America
*Immunotherapy, Adoptive/standards
*Laboratories/standards

@article {pmid42689557,
year = {2026},
author = {Ling, XX and Tang, GQ and Liu, Y and Xu, JJ and Li, XG and Zhang, D and Li, J and Ma, HX and Liu, C and Li, QL and Li, XH},
title = {Mitigating Crystallographic Orientation Effect in SIMS: In-Depth Characterization of Rutile (TiO2) Oxygen Isotopes.},
journal = {Analytical chemistry},
volume = {98},
number = {34},
pages = {25031-25041},
doi = {10.1021/acs.analchem.6c02869},
pmid = {42689557},
issn = {1520-6882},
support = {2023H1001//Baotou Science and Technology Bureau/ ; 2018YFA0702600//National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)/ ; 42173037//National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)/ ; 42225301//National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)/ ; 92262303//National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)/ ; },
abstract = {Rutile (TiO2) is a multifunctional material of interest in both materials science and geoscience due to its applications in electrochemical energy storage and its uses as a geochemical indicator. However, accurate in situ oxygen isotope analysis in rutile has been limited due to methodological challenges, particularly the crystallographic orientation effect (COE). This study presents an in-depth characterization (IDC) strategy to mitigate the COE and retrieve reliable δ18O values from rutile. Three rutile samples were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Bulk oxygen isotopes and in situ oxygen isotope distributions from the surface phase to the bulk phase were analyzed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), respectively. The results demonstrate that oxygen isotope precision improves to ∼0.5‰ (2SD) in the bulk phase, where the COE diminishes via SIMS. This technique enables high-precision in situ isotopic analysis of rutile and potentially other oxide minerals, such as magnetite and hematite. The approach is reproducible, correction-free, and applicable for studies in geothermometry, provenance, and defect-related processes in functional materials.},
}

@article {pmid42690185,
year = {2026},
author = {Chen, YH and Li, CL and Yang, PF and Hsiao, HH and Chen, FM and Moi, SH},
title = {Development of a Nomogram-Based Clinical Estimation Model for Pathological Upstaging in Patients With Preoperative Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.},
journal = {The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e70282},
pmid = {42690185},
issn = {2410-8650},
support = {KMU-DK(B)115004-1//Kaohsiung Medical University/ ; NSTC115-2221-E-037-006//National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan)/ ; NSTC113-2221-E-037-007-MY2//National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan)/ ; },
abstract = {Preoperative diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may be followed by pathological upstaging to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) upon surgical excision, a discrepancy that significantly impacts surgical planning and decisions regarding sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate clinical indicators associated with such upstaging and develop a nomogram-based clinical estimation model for risk stratification. We reviewed medical records of all consecutively diagnosed patients (n = 445) initially diagnosed with DCIS via core needle biopsy (CNB) or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) between 2013 and 2022 at a single institution. Demographic, imaging, clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and blood-based biomarkers were categorized and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors, from which a visual risk estimation tool was constructed. Among the 445 patients, 137 (30.8%) were upstaged to IDC. In the multivariable analysis, clinical tumor size > 1.5 cm, biopsy modality, and high histologic grade at biopsy emerged as independent predictors of pathological upstaging. Notably, VAB was associated with a lower rate of underestimation than CNB. Subgroup analyses revealed that age > 50 years, larger lesion size, and high grade were associated with upstaging in the CNB group, whereas histologic grade was the primary predictor in the VAB group. The nomogram demonstrated modest discriminative performance (AUC = 0.690) for individualized preoperative assessment. In conclusion, clinical tumor size, biopsy method, and histologic grade provide valuable information for estimating the likelihood of occult invasive disease in patients with preoperative DCIS.},
}

@article {pmid42684176,
year = {2026},
author = {Scortichini, L and Battelli, N},
title = {[Sacituzumab govitecan in ER+/HER2- breast cancer: a necessary treatment option for patients who have undergone multiple prior treatments.].},
journal = {Recenti progressi in medicina},
volume = {117},
number = {9},
pages = {e108-e111},
doi = {10.1701/4764.47851},
pmid = {42684176},
issn = {2038-1840},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/drug therapy ; Aged ; Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/drug therapy ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage ; Mastectomy/methods ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Disease Progression ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; },
abstract = {A 65-years-old woman underwent right mastectomy in 2010 for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (HR=95% PgR=18% ki67= 25% HER2= 0). Stage pT2(30mm)pN1(2/10)M0. She started adjuvant chemotherapy then endocrine therapy. In March 2021 a CT scan showed suspected right breast and axillary lymph node recurrence; a biopsy confirmed the luminal B, HER2- phenotype. Surgery was excluded, so she started CDK4/6 inhibitor and letrozole. One year later she started palliative radiotherapy. Because of further skin and lymph node progression, the patient began everolimus and exemestane in July 2023. The patient continued this treatment for only three months, because a new CT scan showed skin, subcutaneous and axillary lymph nodes progression. The patient started capecitabine and vinorelbine. Subsequent CT scans showed further disease progressions especially in the right axilla, leading to obstructed lymphatic drainage and consequently to upper right limb elephantiasis. Several skin nodules involving the right hemithorax were associated. The patient wore a cuff to limit oedema and started further chemotherapies, without any clinical improvement. Subsequent CT scans otherwise revealed radiological liver and bones lesions. In March 2025 she began sacituzumab govitecan (SG): after the first month, clinical examination revealed partial remission of subcutaneous nodules and pathological lymph nodes in the right axilla, gradually leading to cuff removal. The possibility to use SG in luminal breast cancer patients gave this woman a chance, in a scenario poor in exciting options.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/drug therapy
Aged
Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/drug therapy
*Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
Mastectomy/methods
Lymphatic Metastasis
Disease Progression
Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
Neoplasm Staging

@article {pmid42686468,
year = {2026},
author = {Polat, AV and Koç, İC and Özçağlayan, A and Süllü, Y and Uzunkaya, F and Polat, AK},
title = {Radiologically detectable microcalcifications in histopathologically confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ: The impact of cohort composition on reported prevalence.},
journal = {Current problems in diagnostic radiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1067/j.cpradiol.2026.08.009},
pmid = {42686468},
issn = {1535-6302},
abstract = {PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of radiologically detectable microcalcifications in histopathologically confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using specimen radiography and to evaluate clinicopathologic factors associated with their presence.

METHODS: A total of 1201 consecutive patients who underwent wire-guided localization for non-palpable breast lesions were retrospectively identified. Patients without histopathologically confirmed DCIS, those without specimen radiographs, and those who had received neoadjuvant systemic therapy were excluded. The final cohort included 100 patients with histopathologically confirmed DCIS. Specimen radiographs were retrospectively reviewed for radiologically detectable microcalcifications, and associations with clinicopathologic variables were analyzed using univariate and multivariable analyses.

RESULTS: Radiologically detectable microcalcifications were identified in 48% of DCIS cases. Subgroup analysis demonstrated marked differences according to cohort composition, with microcalcifications present in 95.8% of pure DCIS cases compared with 32.9% of non-pure cases (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, cohort composition and high-grade DCIS remained independently associated with radiologically detectable microcalcifications, whereas necrosis, ER status, and PR status were not independently significant after adjustment. Seventy percent of the cohort had coexisting invasive ductal carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: A substantial proportion of histopathologically confirmed DCIS cases may lack radiologically detectable microcalcifications. These findings suggest that reported calcification prevalence in DCIS may be strongly influenced by cohort composition and study design, particularly differences between screening-enriched and surgically treated populations. Accordingly, the absence of calcifications does not exclude DCIS, and DCIS should remain a diagnostic consideration when suspicious imaging findings other than microcalcifications are present. Complementary multimodality imaging may be helpful in selected patients with suspicious non-calcified imaging findings, reflecting the broader imaging spectrum of DCIS. Further prospective multicenter studies are needed to validate these observations.},
}

@article {pmid42676446,
year = {2026},
author = {Liu, Y and Duan, X and Liu, J and Lian, P and Li, Y and Wu, Y and He, Z and Zhang, X and Zhao, J},
title = {Clinicopathological features and diagnostic intervals of second primary breast cancer following a prior malignancy: a single-center retrospective study.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1897767},
pmid = {42676446},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As cancer survival improves, the number of patients at risk of a second primary malignancy (SPM) is increasing. Previous research has focused mainly on SPMs after breast cancer, whereas clinicopathological data on breast cancer arising after another malignancy remain limited, particularly in Chinese populations.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the demographic, clinicopathological, molecular, and temporal features of second primary breast cancer (SPBC) after a prior malignancy and to conduct an exploratory comparison according to whether the first primary cancer was breast cancer.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 918 patients diagnosed with malignant tumors after prior malignant tumor treatment in Hebei General Hospital from May 2019 to March 2025, among whom 41 patients with SPBC were enrolled. Evaluations were carried out in accordance with the SEER definition of multiple primary tumors, the 8th edition of AJCC TNM staging system and the 2017 St. Gallen consensus on breast cancer molecular typing. Synchronous and metachronous SPBC were defined by intervals of ≤6 months and >6 months, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and normality was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test.

RESULTS: A total of 41 patients were included (40 females and 1 male), with a mean age of 60.3 ± 12.1 years (range, 35-86 years) at SPBC diagnosis. There were 21 cases (51.2%) of left-sided SPBC and 20 cases (48.8%) of right-sided SPBC, and the upper outer quadrant was the most common lesion site accounting for 53.7%. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant pathological type (80.5%). Most cases were in early clinical stages, including stage I (39.0%) and stage II (31.7%). Luminal B was the most prevalent molecular subtype (43.9%), followed by triple-negative breast cancer (22.0%). Breast cancer (namely bilateral breast cancer) was the most common primary tumor (20 cases, 48.8%), followed by gynecological tumors (14.6%, including 5 cases of cervical cancer and 1 case of ovarian cancer), urinary system tumors (12.2%), thoracic tumors (9.8%, all lung cancers) and gastrointestinal tumors (9.8%). The median interval from primary tumor onset to SPBC diagnosis was 60 months (IQR, 46-142 months). Patients with an interval longer than 5 years accounted for 48.8%, those with an interval of 3 to 5 years accounted for 29.3%, and only 2 cases (4.9%) had synchronous tumors with an interval no more than 6 months. The median interval of the prior-breast-cancer subgroup(PBC) was 67 months (IQR, 54.3-153.8 months), and its triple-negative subtype proportion (30.0%) was higher than that of other primary tumor subgroups (14.3%). All patients received surgical treatment for their primary tumors (100%), with chemotherapy exposure rate of 51.2% and radiotherapy exposure rate of 34.1%.

CONCLUSION: In this selected single-center cohort, 20 of 41 patients had a prior breast cancer, and almost half of SPBC diagnoses occurred more than 5 years after the first malignancy. Luminal B was the most frequent subtype. TNBC was numerically more common in the prior-breast-cancer subgroup, but this difference was not statistically significant. These descriptive findings support risk-adapted long-term surveillance and require validation in larger cohorts with appropriate comparators.},
}

@article {pmid42678278,
year = {2026},
author = {Machado, J and Karthikaisamy, V and Mohr, H and Kaltenecker, D and Benedikt, P and Morigny, P and Mhamane, A and Geppert, J and Fumo, AR and Haase, K and Simoes, E and Lima, JDCC and Georgiadi, A and Krüger, A and Otoch, JP and Martignoni, ME and Baracos, VE and Jamal-Hanjani, M and Seelaender, MCL and Prokopchuk, O and Szendrödi, J and Rohm, M and Herzig, S and Berriel Diaz, M},
title = {Tumor-Secreted ADAMTSL4 Activates Latent TGFβ1 to Drive Cancer Cachexia.},
journal = {Cancer discovery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {OF1-OF25},
doi = {10.1158/2159-8290.CD-26-0045},
pmid = {42678278},
issn = {2159-8290},
support = {329628492//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/ ; EKSE.23//Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (EKFS)/ ; Horizon 2020 #949017//European Commission (EC)/ ; C11496/A17786//Cancer Research UK (CRUK)/ ; CGCATF-2021/100035//Cancer Research UK (CRUK)/ ; OT2CA278701-01S2//National Cancer Institute (NCI)/ ; //Edith-Haberland-Wagner Foundation/ ; //Helmholtz Research School for Diabetes/ ; //Helmholtz Association - Initiative and Networking Fund/ ; C444/A15953//Cancer Research UK (CRUK)/ ; },
abstract = {UNLABELLED: Cancer cachexia is a devastating wasting syndrome with no approved therapies. In this study, we identify the tumor-derived glycoprotein ADAMTSL4 as a circulating factor associated with body weight loss in preclinical cachexia models and patients with colorectal and lung cancers. In mice, Adamtsl4 overexpression converted non-cachexia-inducing tumors into cachexia-inducing tumors, whereas its deletion in cachexia-inducing tumors spared fat and muscle, blunted muscle atrophy signatures, and reduced cachexia severity. ADAMTSL4 engages the latency-associated peptide (LAP) of TGFβ1, promoting local activation of TGFβ1 at muscle cell membranes. Genetic blockade of proTGFβ1 or pharmacologic inhibition of TGFβ signaling reduced ADAMTSL4-dependent wasting in adipocytes and muscle cells. Suppression of tumor-derived ADAMTSL4 attenuated skeletal muscle fibrosis in mice. Together, the association between increased circulating ADAMTSL4 levels and TGFβ-driven muscle atrophy and fibrosis gene signatures in patients with cachectic cancer identifies ADAMTSL4 as an upstream regulator of TGFβ1 and a potential therapeutic target in cancer cachexia.

SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer cachexia lacks effective therapies and remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. We identify tumor-derived ADAMTSL4 as an upstream regulator of latent TGFβ activation via LAP engagement that promotes multiorgan wasting and fibrosis-related remodeling. Targeting ADAMTSL4 may provide a selective therapeutic strategy without systemic TGFβ pathway blockade.},
}

@article {pmid42670490,
year = {2026},
author = {Brown, AC and McLaughlin, A and Lazuka, KM and Jaishankar, D and Scott, NR},
title = {Pathologic Complete Response Following Frailty-Adjusted Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel in an 88-Year-Old Patient With Radiation-Associated Breast Angiosarcoma.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {7},
pages = {e113741},
pmid = {42670490},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma is a rare but highly aggressive malignancy with limited evidence to guide optimal management in elderly patients. We present the case of an 88-year-old woman with a history of stage IIIA estrogen receptor-positive invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast treated with breast-conserving surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and endocrine therapy in 2014. Approximately 11 years after completing radiation therapy, she developed progressive right breast firmness, violaceous skin discoloration, and persistent ecchymotic changes concerning for vascular malignancy. Imaging demonstrated diffuse skin thickening without a discrete mass, and punch biopsy of skin changes confirmed high-grade angiosarcoma with MYC amplification. Staging studies showed no distant metastatic disease. Given her advanced age, frailty, and comorbidities, she underwent neoadjuvant weekly paclitaxel with initial dose reduction followed by response- and tolerance-guided dose escalation. Despite treatment interruptions related to frailty and fall-related injuries, she completed 12 cycles and subsequently underwent right simple mastectomy. Final pathology demonstrated no residual angiosarcoma, consistent with a pathologic complete response. This case highlights the potential efficacy of frailty-adjusted neoadjuvant paclitaxel in elderly patients with radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma and supports individualized neoadjuvant strategies for patients who are not candidates for standard multi-agent chemotherapy.},
}

@article {pmid42674682,
year = {2026},
author = {Wang, Y and Jingu, K and Takahashi, N and Yamamoto, T and Umezawa, R},
title = {Is Tumor Bed Boost Necessary in Young Patients With Margin-negative Invasive Ductal Carcinoma in the Modern Radiotherapy Era?.},
journal = {Anticancer research},
volume = {46},
number = {9},
pages = {5229-5238},
doi = {10.21873/anticanres.18367},
pmid = {42674682},
issn = {1791-7530},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery ; *Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Margins of Excision ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Adult ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: To evaluate whether tumor-bed boost irradiation improves local control outcomes in women aged 50 years or younger with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and widely negative margins after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), and to clarify its clinical value within a modern, risk-adapted radiotherapy strategy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 318 female patients aged ≤50 years with IDC and negative surgical margins (>5 mm) who underwent BCS followed by whole-breast irradiation (WBI) at Tohoku University Hospital between 2008 and 2022. Patients treated before 2016 did not receive boost irradiation, whereas those treated thereafter received a 10 Gy tumor-bed boost. Survival estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method from the first date of radiotherapy.

RESULTS: Among the 318 eligible patients, 110 received boost irradiation and 208 did not. Luminal disease was the predominant subtype in both groups (87/110 in the boost group and 159/208 in the non-boost group), whereas triple-negative disease was uncommon (11/110 and 18/208, respectively). After a median follow-up of 95.5 months, the 7-year ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) rates were 1.2% and 0% (log-rank p=0.859), while the 7-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.9% in the non-boost group and 96.6% in the boost group (log-rank p=0.616), respectively. There were no significant differences in IBTR or OS between groups.

CONCLUSION: In female patients aged ≤50 years with IDC and widely negative surgical margins following BCS, the addition of a 10 Gy tumor-bed boost did not demonstrate a significant improvement in IBTR or OS. These findings suggest that routine boost irradiation may not be necessary in carefully selected low-risk patients and support a risk-adapted approach to postoperative radiotherapy.},
}

Humans
Female
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery
*Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy/pathology/surgery
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Margins of Excision
Mastectomy, Segmental
Adult
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant

@article {pmid42675104,
year = {2026},
author = {Hao, Y and Bai, H and Siya, A and Zhang, J and Fu, X and Li, H},
title = {MOO-IDS: multi-objective optimization-based lightweight intrusion detection system for in-vehicle networks.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42675104},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {No.U25A20528//the National Natural Science Foundation Project/ ; 2025ZD012//Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Key Project/ ; 2025KJTW0026//Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Challenge-Based Project/ ; 2025KYPT0076//Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory Project/ ; No. 2024MS06002//the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project/ ; No. NMGIRT2313//the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region universities innovative research team project/ ; },
abstract = {With the proliferation of intelligent connected vehicles, the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, as the backbone of in-vehicle communication, is vulnerable to cyberattacks due to lack of authentication and encryption. Existing Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) exhibit limitations in addressing data imbalance, complex attack recognition, and resource-constrained deployment. This paper proposes a lightweight intrusion detection system based on multi-objective optimization, termed MOO-IDS. The system integrates a Hybrid Deep Restricted Boltzmann Machine Generator (HyDRBM-Gen) to mitigate attack sample scarcity and class imbalance in vehicular network data. To address targeted ID fabrication and masquerade attacks, two novel features, ID Frequency (IDF) and ID-Data Correlation (IDC), are introduced. An Adaptive-Enhanced Non-Dominated Sorting Dung Beetle Optimizer (AE-NSDBO) optimizes XGBoost hyperparameters to achieve an optimal balance among F1-score, model size, and inference latency, enabling the optimized XGBoost to accomplish intrusion detection. Experimental results on the real-world dataset Real ORNL Automotive Dynamometer (ROAD) demonstrate that MOO-IDS achieves outstanding performance, with a weighted-average F1-score of 0.9907, a model size of only 0.199 MB, and substantially reduced inference latency. The model also performs excellently on the Car Hacking and Survival Analysis datasets. This study provides a high-precision, lightweight, and strongly generalizable multi-class intrusion detection model for resource-constrained vehicular environments.},
}

@article {pmid42667440,
year = {2026},
author = {Khattak, A and Khan, S and Nauman, F and Ali, I},
title = {Association of EBV EBNA1 C-terminal variations with severity of Invasive ductal carcinoma.},
journal = {Molecular biology reports},
volume = {53},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42667440},
issn = {1573-4978},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/genetics/metabolism ; *Breast Neoplasms/genetics/virology/pathology ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/virology/pathology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics ; Adult ; Phylogeny ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics/virology/complications ; Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Mutation ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is considered a potential contributor to cancer development. EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) plays a vital role in viral persistence. This study aimed to investigate the association among EBNA1 C-terminal variations and severity of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

METHOD: A total of 60 female participants, were included in this study. EBV positive biopsy samples (N = 30) were obtained from the breast cancer patients while 30 healthy females served as control. The C-terminal region of EBNA1 gene was amplified and sequenced. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v25.

RESULT: Among the breast cancer patients, 97% had IDC and 3% had ductal carcinoma in situ. Regarding tumor grade, 3% of the patients had grade I, 63% had grade II and 33% had grade III tumors. The P-Thr (70%) and its co-infection with V-leu (30%) were observed predominantly in patients with higher grade; however, no significant association was observed. A total of 15 consensus single-nucleotide polymorphisms were observed along with six random mutations. No significant association was reported among random SNPs with breast cancer severity. Phylogenetic analysis shows that our sequences of P-Thr exhibited high similarity with reference sequence NC_009334. All control samples were EBV negative.

CONCLUSION: P-Thr was the predominant EBNA1 prototype in study population. However, no significant association was found between EBNA1 variations with breast cancer severity.},
}

Humans
Female
*Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/genetics/metabolism
*Breast Neoplasms/genetics/virology/pathology
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/virology/pathology
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
Middle Aged
Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
Adult
Phylogeny
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics/virology/complications
Aged
Neoplasm Grading
Mutation

@article {pmid42668584,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhang, CM and Chau, K and Banerjee, S and Swigris, JJ and Krishnan, JK and Kaner, RJ and Martinez, FJ and Tobin, JN and Safford, MM and Aronson, KI},
title = {Pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer coach-led behavioral and educational intervention to enhance quality of life in patients living with hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Protocol for the RISE-HP study.},
journal = {Contemporary clinical trials communications},
volume = {53},
number = {},
pages = {101678},
pmid = {42668584},
issn = {2451-8654},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by an inhalational environmental exposure. Patients living with HP experience significant stress, uncertainty, and hypervigilance about the management of their disease and prognosis. These factors lead to reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL), an important outcome that no interventions currently target.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this behavioral and educational intervention, RISE-HP, is to improve HRQOL in people who have HP. The objective of this pilot study is to assess feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the RISE-HP intervention.

METHODS: This pilot randomized controlled trial will be conducted in patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of HP. Forty participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the RISE-HP intervention (meetings with a peer coach focused on living well with their HP using cognitive behavioral techniques and motivational interviewing) or an attention control (general health education sessions with a research assistant) for 10 weeks. Participants will complete four additional study visits (enrollment, 5 weeks, 10 weeks, and 14 weeks after intervention start) for patient reported outcome measure completion. Primary implementation outcomes will be feasibility and acceptability. Secondary patient-centered effectiveness clinical outcomes will be improvement in HRQOL as measured by the Kings Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (KBILD) questionnaire. Additional secondary patient-reported clinical outcomes include fatigue, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy.

CONCLUSION: Overall, this study addresses an important gap in HP care by targeting HRQOL and offers a novel non-pharmacologic patient-centered approach to therapy in patients with HP.},
}

@article {pmid42666323,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhang, T and Guo, Y and Li, X and Xie, L},
title = {Clinical and pathological indicators for predicting disease-free survival after radical surgery in elderly patients with early-stage triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1922118},
pmid = {42666323},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Elderly patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer are underrepresented in clinical trials, and recurrence prediction models tailored to this population are lacking. We aimed to develop a prediction tool using routinely available clinicopathological indicators.

METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 215 women aged ≥60 years with stage IA-IIB triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma who underwent radical or modified radical mastectomy. Candidate predictors were screened by univariate Cox regression and entered into a multivariable Cox model with backward elimination. A nomogram was constructed and internally validated using bootstrap resampling. Discrimination was assessed by Harrell's C-index and time-dependent area under the curve (AUC). Risk groups were defined using tertiles of the model-derived risk score. Decision curve analysis compared the net benefit with TNM stage alone.

RESULTS: Four variables were retained: TNM stage, Ki-67 percentage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and postoperative chemotherapy. The bootstrap-corrected C-index was 0.793. Time-dependent AUCs were 0.934, 0.866, and 0.796 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The three risk groups showed clearly separated disease-free survival curves. The nomogram yielded a higher net benefit than TNM stage alone across threshold probabilities of 5% to 40%.

CONCLUSIONS: All model inputs were derived from standard preoperative evaluations and postoperative treatment records. For an older population with uneven access to molecular biomarkers, this nomogram can inform adjuvant treatment decisions using data already available. External validation in an independent cohort is needed before clinical adoption.},
}

@article {pmid42664124,
year = {2026},
author = {Prakash K, P and Athiyamaan, MS and Banerjee, S and Krishna, A and Sunny, J and Simon, P and Rai, S and Srinivas, C and Lobo, D},
title = {Imaging the invisibility: Predicting histopathology through mammographic clues in invasive breast cancer.},
journal = {La Clinica terapeutica},
volume = {177},
number = {5},
pages = {1049-1057},
doi = {10.7417/CT.2026.2104},
pmid = {42664124},
issn = {1972-6007},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/diagnostic imaging/chemistry ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; *Mammography ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnostic imaging/pathology ; Prognosis ; Ki-67 Antigen/analysis ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Mammographic screening reduces BC mortality across populations, although tumors show intratumoral heterogeneity and diverse imaging patterns. Different clinical and pathological characteristics yield variable mammographic appearances, influencing patient prognosis. Key biomarkers-ER, PR, HER2/neu, and Ki67-are linked to tumor behavior, treatment outcomes, and response to targeted therapies. This study aimed to assess the correlation between mammographic appearance and histopathological features in invasive breast carcinoma.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review (2019-2023) analysed the records of breast cancer patients. The data included demographics (age, menopausal status), mammographic findings (patterns, morphology, margins, mass, calcifications, focal asymmetric density), and pathological features (histology, grade, ER/PR/HER2, Ki-67, LVSI, PNI, tumor size, nodal status). Statistical analysis was performed via chi-square tests and Student's t tests.

RESULTS: Retrospective data from 122 patients were collected. The majority of patients were postmenopausal, with a mean age of 51 years. In the mammograms, 77% had fibroglandular to heterogeneous density with irregular morphological patterns and spiculated margins. Histologically, 82% of patients were proven to have invasive ductal carcinoma. Seventy percent of patients with spiculated masses had increased expression of ER and PR and low ki67%. There was a positive correlation between size on mammogram and tumor grade. Calcification is significant in Her 2-positive patients.

CONCLUSION: Understanding the correlation between mammographic findings and histopathological reports can help in deciding the course of neoadjuvant therapy in the management of breast cancer, which may help improve outcomes.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/diagnostic imaging/chemistry
Retrospective Studies
Middle Aged
*Mammography
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Adult
Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnostic imaging/pathology
Prognosis
Ki-67 Antigen/analysis

@article {pmid42664924,
year = {2026},
author = {McGinlay, D and Toner, P and Sakellariou, S and Litherland, J and Sinclair, K},
title = {Mammography for mastalgia - Worth the pain and the price? A large centre retrospective review and cost-benefit analysis.},
journal = {Clinical imaging},
volume = {139},
number = {},
pages = {110935},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinimag.2026.110935},
pmid = {42664924},
issn = {1873-4499},
abstract = {UNLABELLED: Aim To determine the cancer detection rate (CDR) of mammography in women presenting with isolated mastalgia and a normal clinical breast examination.

METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all mammograms performed for "pain," "breast pain" or "mastalgia" across a large health board over 5 years from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2024. Cases with additional symptoms or clinical findings graded E2 benign or above were excluded. Imaging, histopathology, patient demographics and patient outcomes were analysed.

RESULTS: Of 9795 mammograms performed, 6670 met inclusion criteria. Among these,70 mammograms had final mammographic grading of M3 or above and proceeded to further assessment. 69 patients underwent biopsy, yielding 44 malignancies (38 invasive and 6 DCIS), representing an overall CDR of 6 per 1000 (0.6%). Most invasive cancers were invasive ductal carcinoma (68%), grade 2 (51%), and strongly ERpositive (72%).

CONCLUSION: The diagnostic yield of mammography in detecting invasive malignancy in women presenting solely with mastalgia and a normal examination was 0.6%, comparable to but slightly lower than the UK National Breast Screening Programme Cancer Detection Rate (0.7%) and comparable to similar studies. This review supports the position that imaging is not required for patients presenting with isolated mastalgia and a normal clinical examination.},
}

@article {pmid42650105,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhunussova, G and Omarbayeva, N and Zhunussova, A and Abdullayeva, D and Skvortsova, L and Nurdinov, N and Oshibayeva, A},
title = {Germline PALB2 Genetic Variant Associated with Rapid Metastatic Progression and Poor Survival in Two Kazakh Women with Breast Cancer: A Case Study.},
journal = {Genes},
volume = {17},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {42650105},
issn = {2073-4425},
support = {BR24992814//Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein/genetics ; Adult ; *Breast Neoplasms/genetics/pathology ; *Germ-Line Mutation ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology ; Disease Progression ; Pregnancy ; Kazakhstan ; },
abstract = {Background: Germline PALB2 variants are associated with hereditary breast cancer risk, but their clinical impact in Central Asian populations remains largely uncharacterized. This case study aims to evaluate the clinical significance of PALB2 variants in two Kazakh women with early-onset breast cancer. Methods: Molecular genetic testing identified germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (NM_024675.4:c.18_22delGAAGC and NM_024675.4:c.1034T>G) in two Kazakh women with early-onset invasive ductal carcinoma. Clinical courses, treatment responses, and outcomes were followed. Results: Neither patient had a reported family history of breast or other malignancies. Patient 1, a 26-year-old pregnant woman, was diagnosed with stage IIIB luminal B, HER2-negative invasive ductal carcinoma and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radical surgery, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and subsequent treatment for metastatic disease. Despite an initial response, she developed extensive skeletal metastases and died from metastatic breast cancer. Patient 2, a 33-year-old woman, presented with de novo stage IV luminal B, HER2-negative invasive ductal carcinoma with hepatic metastases. Following multimodal treatment, including chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, endocrine suppression, and systemic therapy for disease progression, she experienced further metastatic spread and ultimately died from breast cancer-related complications. Conclusions: Both patients exhibited aggressive clinical courses characterized by early disease onset, metastatic progression, and poor outcomes despite comprehensive treatment. These cases highlight the potential clinical significance of germline PALB2 variants in apparently sporadic breast cancer and underscore the importance of genetic testing, risk assessment, and genetic counselling in young breast cancer patients, particularly in underrepresented.},
}

Humans
Female
*Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein/genetics
Adult
*Breast Neoplasms/genetics/pathology
*Germ-Line Mutation
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics/pathology
Disease Progression
Pregnancy
Kazakhstan

@article {pmid42651837,
year = {2026},
author = {Yang, X and Zhang, L and Li, X and Song, H and Zhang, F and Jiang, L and Song, W},
title = {Inorganic Phosphate Is Associated with RB1-E2F-Related Transcriptional and DNA Repair-Associated Changes Under Cisplatin Exposure in MDA-MB-231 Cells.},
journal = {Current issues in molecular biology},
volume = {48},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {42651837},
issn = {1467-3045},
abstract = {Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks effective targeted therapeutic strategies, and cisplatin resistance remains a major challenge in clinical treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether inorganic phosphate (Pi) influences cellular responses to cisplatin and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms involving RB1-E2F signaling, DNA repair regulation, and oxidative stress. Clinical associations between serum biochemical parameters and tumor histologic grade were evaluated in 246 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. Triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), and non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) were treated with control, Pi, cisplatin, or Pi combined with cisplatin.. Cellular proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory responses, and transcriptomic alterations were assessed using functional assays and RNA sequencing-based analyses. Pi levels showed an inverse association with tumor grade. In MDA-MB-231 cells, Pi combined with cisplatin resulted in enhanced growth inhibition, increased DNA damage accumulation, elevated cellular ROS production, and activation of inflammatory responses compared with cisplatin alone. Transcriptomic analyses revealed alterations in RB1-E2F-related transcriptional programs and reduced expression of DNA repair-associated gene sets. TCGA-BRCA analysis further indicated that elevated DNA repair pathway activity was associated with unfavorable survival outcomes. These findings suggest that Pi may modulate cisplatin responses through coordinated regulation of RB1-E2F signaling, DNA repair capacity, and oxidative stress responses, providing a potential mechanistic basis for further investigation of phosphate-associated therapeutic strategies in TNBC.},
}

@article {pmid42660995,
year = {2026},
author = {Takadate, M and Aizawa, R and Numata, Y and Marugame, A and Iwazaki, J and Ueki, M and Takahashi, T and Ono, K and Tsutsumi, K and Takeda, H and Akatsuka, J and Endo, Y and Toyama, Y and Ohashi, R and Shimizu, A and Kimura, G and Haga, H and Kobayashi, T and Kondo, Y and Mizowaki, T and Yamamoto, Y and Tsuzuki, T},
title = {Deep learning augmented pathological grading and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate signatures improve recurrence prediction after intensity-modulated radiation therapy.},
journal = {Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42660995},
issn = {1432-2307},
support = {AGIS//RIKEN TRIP initiative/ ; JPMJMS2022-9//Moonshot Research and Development Program/ ; 24K10131//japan society for the promotion of science KAKENHI/ ; 21K06933//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI/ ; },
abstract = {Locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with a high recurrence rate even after curative treatment. We aimed to develop a precise risk model by integrating the status of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) and the International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group (ISUP GG) with deep learning (DL)-based grading to predict clinical recurrence after intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Furthermore, we identified key pathological features associated with IDC-P. We retrospectively analyzed 165 patients treated with high-dose IMRT for high- and very high-risk PCa at two institutions. Pathological features were extracted from hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens from 100 cases using a DL-based model, from which an expert pathologist selected 10 cancer-related features. The area under the curve (AUC) values derived from split-sample validation for predicting clinical recurrence using ISUP GG and IDC-P status were 0.732 and 0.735, respectively, and 0.789 for their combination. Integrating 10 key features further improved the AUC to 0.850, with robust performance in external validation (AUC = 0.833). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in clinical recurrence between high- and low-risk prediction groups. Additionally, we identified four DL-derived pathological features that are significantly associated with IDC-P (p < 0.05). Incorporation of ISUP GG, IDC-P status, and DL-derived pathological features improves the prediction of clinical recurrence after high-dose IMRT in high- and very high-risk PCa. Our findings underscore the clinical significance of IDC-P and support optimized treatment strategies.},
}

@article {pmid42663252,
year = {2026},
author = {Virumbrales-Muñoz, M and Fertal, SA and Lugo-Cintrón, KM and Loken, JR and Numan-Vazquez, Y and Burkel, BM and Zhang, J and Franck, C and Ayuso, JM and Beebe, DJ and Ponik, SM},
title = {Laminin - myCAF interplay promotes α6-integrin-mediated breast cancer cell invasion.},
journal = {Lab on a chip},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1039/d5lc00711a},
pmid = {42663252},
issn = {1473-0189},
abstract = {It is well established that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a dynamic role in breast cancer progression. Stromal components of the TME, including fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix (ECM), provide biophysical and biochemical cues to drive tumor cell proliferation and invasion. However, how the interplay between activated fibroblast (CAF) subtypes and ECM composition impinges on breast cancer cell behavior is still not well understood. To address this gap, we leveraged microfluidic technologies to engineer a model of the breast TME that incorporates tumor cells, CAFs, and ECM components. Our model consists of a tubular duct filled with MDA-MB-231 or MCF-7 cells surrounded by a 3D collagen type I matrix with or without two human fibroblasts/CAFs. To further investigate how ECM composition affects the stromal compartment, we altered the matrix to include laminin-111 (LN) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), which we previously found to be dysregulated in invasive ductal carcinoma compared to normal breast tissue. By incorporating LN or TSP-1 into the collagen matrix, we identified significant differences in collagen fiber metrics (fiber length, density, and width), matrix stiffness, and alterations in matrix remodeling by CAFs. Specifically, remodeling was more pronounced in LN- vs. TSP-1-enriched microenvironments populated by myofibroblast-like (myCAF-like) cells compared to inflammatory CAFs (iCAF-like). Notably, MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and invasion were significantly enhanced under these same conditions, and invasion was dependent on the LN-binding receptor, α6-integrin.},
}

@article {pmid42641685,
year = {2026},
author = {Oshi, M and Kurozumi, S and Hizume, M and Yamada, A and Shah, Z and Endo, I and Takabe, K},
title = {A transcriptional ILCness score reveals lobular-like biology and clinical behavior beyond CDH1 mutation status.},
journal = {Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {101072},
doi = {10.1016/j.modpat.2026.101072},
pmid = {42641685},
issn = {1530-0285},
abstract = {Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a distinct histological subtype of breast cancer. However, its molecular basis remains unclear. Although loss-of-function alterations in CDH1 are considered a defining genetic event, substantial biological heterogeneity persists, which cannot be explained by mutation status or histology alone. To address this limitation, we developed continuous transcriptional framework called the ILCness score to quantitatively capture lobular-like tumor biology. Using a rigorously constrained principal component-based approach trained in the METABRIC cohort and fixed without retraining, we enabled the reproducible application of the model across independent datasets and expression platforms. Global transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and ILC did not form discrete expression clusters but were distributed along a continuous molecular spectrum. ILCness faithfully captured this continuum, with tumors of mixed histology occupying intermediate positions. Importantly, lobular-like transcriptional programs quantified by ILCness were not redundant with CDH1 mutation status. Across cohorts, higher ILCness was associated with coordinated biological programs, including reduced DNA repair and E2F target activity, as well as context-dependent modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Within histologically defined IDC, ILCness delineated biologically and clinically distinct subgroups independently of CDH1 mutation status, with divergent survival outcomes and therapeutic response patterns. These findings establish lobular-like breast cancer as a continuous transcriptional state rather than as a discrete entity defined by histology or single-gene alterations. The ILCness score provides a scalable RNA-based framework for integrating molecular heterogeneity with tumor biology and clinical behavior.},
}

@article {pmid42647299,
year = {2026},
author = {Arduini, A and Polati, R and Bonisoli, GL and Sina, S},
title = {Germline BRCA2 Pathogenic Variant in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma with Heterologous Mesenchymal Differentiation: A Case Report and Literature Review.},
journal = {Reports (MDPI)},
volume = {9},
number = {3},
pages = {},
pmid = {42647299},
issn = {2571-841X},
abstract = {Background and Clinical Significance: Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast tumor with various subtypes. MBCs are typically high-grade and exhibit a particularly aggressive behavior, with a significant propensity for recurrence and specific chemoresistance, especially in neoadjuvant settings. One of its high-grade variants is the metaplastic carcinoma with heterologous mesenchymal differentiation (MCHMD). At present, the literature regarding the genetic predisposition of MBC and its connection with BRCA2 is limited. Hence, we present a rare case of a 51-year-old patient with a germline BRCA2 pathogenic variant affected by MCHMD. Case presentation: A 51-year-old Caucasian woman with a family history of breast cancer noticed a lump in her right breast. A needle biopsy of the mass resulted in a diagnosis of poorly differentiated (G3) invasive ductal carcinoma, associated with a dominant component of pleomorphic carcinoma with osteoclast-like cells. After surgery, the pathological report diagnosed a metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with heterologous mesenchymal differentiation (MCHMD) according to the WHO 2019 classification. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the pathogenic variant c.9676del of the BRCA2 gene. Conclusions: We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a BRCA2 mutation in a woman with metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with heterologous mesenchymal differentiation.},
}

@article {pmid42639226,
year = {2026},
author = {Terakawa, H and Kurokawa, Y and Mohri, R and Hirata, M and Inaki, N},
title = {Impact of the 21-Gene Oncotype DX Recurrence Score on Adjuvant Chemotherapy Decision-Making in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: A Real-World Analysis From a Single Japanese Institution.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {7},
pages = {e113358},
pmid = {42639226},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Background The 21-gene Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) assay (Exact Sciences Corporation, Madison, WI) is a genomic test used to inform adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer. In Japan, the assay has been reimbursed under national health insurance since September 2023, yet institution-level real-world data restricted to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) remain sparse. We therefore characterized the impact of the RS on adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in patients with IDC at our institution. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective, observational study of consecutive patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative IDC who underwent Oncotype DX testing at Kanazawa University Hospital between April 2022 and April 2026. Patients who received neoadjuvant systemic therapy were excluded a priori. Pathology was assessed locally rather than through external central review; estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), HER2, and Ki-67 were evaluated in accordance with the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines and the recommendations of the International Ki-67 in Breast Cancer Working Group. Clinical risk was dichotomized using the Adjuvant! Online version 8.0 simplified criteria (developed by Peter M. Ravdin, MD, PhD, at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX) adopted in the MINDACT trial, and genomic risk was dichotomized at the TAILORx-defined threshold (RS ≤ 25 vs. RS ≥ 26). The primary endpoints were the clinico-genomic discordance rate and the actual rate of adjuvant chemotherapy administration or omission. Ninety-five percent Wilson score confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the principal proportions. Results Of 140 consecutive patients tested, 102 were eligible for analysis after exclusion of non-IDC histology (n = 24), missing histological grade (n = 12), an unevaluable RS result (n = 1), and incomplete clinical staging (n = 1). The median age was 55 years (range, 37-78); 59.8% of patients were postmenopausal, and 62.7% were node-negative. The median RS was 16 (range, 0-51); 17 patients (16.7%; 95% CI, 10.6-25.2) had an RS ≥ 26. Sixty-six patients (64.7%) were classified as clinical high risk and 36 (35.3%) as clinical low risk. The overall clinico-genomic discordance rate was 57.8% (59 of 102; 95% CI, 48.1-67.0) and was driven predominantly by the clinical high/RS low-intermediate combination (52.9%, 54 of 102; 95% CI, 43.3-62.4); the opposite, clinical low/RS high pattern accounted for only 4.9% (five of 102; 95% CI, 2.1-11.0). Adjuvant chemotherapy was withheld in 51 of 66 clinical high-risk patients (77.3%; 95% CI, 65.7-85.7) and in 50 of 54 clinical high/RS low-intermediate patients (92.6%; 95% CI, 82.4-97.1). Overall, 17 of 102 patients (16.7%; 95% CI, 10.6-25.2) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions In this Japanese single-institution IDC cohort, approximately three in five patients showed discordance between clinical and genomic risk, with reclassification overwhelmingly directed toward de-escalation. Oncotype DX testing was associated with the omission of adjuvant chemotherapy in more than three-quarters of clinically high-risk IDC patients, supporting its substantial influence on adjuvant treatment decision-making in routine Japanese clinical practice.},
}

@article {pmid42634935,
year = {2026},
author = {Huang, S and Bellamkonda, A and Chaudhry, MR and Wu, R and Wang, JC},
title = {Occult Breast Carcinoma Presenting with Extensive Bone Involvement in the Absence of an Identifiable Primary Breast Lesion: A Case Report.},
journal = {Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {23247096261481669},
doi = {10.1177/23247096261481669},
pmid = {42634935},
issn = {2324-7096},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/diagnosis ; *Bone Neoplasms/secondary/diagnosis ; *Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Biopsy ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; },
abstract = {Occult breast cancer (OBC) is a rare and diagnostically challenging subtype of breast carcinoma characterized by axillary or distant metastases without an identifiable primary breast lesion. We report an unusual presentation of OBC in a patient with diffuse osteolytic bone metastases and axillary lymphadenopathy in the absence of clinically palpable, mammographically, or sonographically detectable breast lesions. The diagnosis was established through bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis. Review of the literature identified only four previously reported cases of OBC initially presenting with diffuse osseous metastases, three of which were hormone receptor-positive. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for OBC in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin with diffuse skeletal involvement. Furthermore, it underscores the distinct biologic behavior of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, which preferentially metastasizes to bone and may achieve durable disease control with endocrine-based therapy, allowing selected patients to avoid cytotoxic chemotherapy.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/diagnosis
*Bone Neoplasms/secondary/diagnosis
*Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology
Middle Aged
Biopsy
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
Bone Marrow/pathology

@article {pmid42637650,
year = {2026},
author = {Siddiky, S and Nayeem, SR and McLean, NR and Youssef, M and Humphreys, A},
title = {Metaplastic breast cancer: A single-centre retrospective experience.},
journal = {The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.surge.2026.08.005},
pmid = {42637650},
issn = {1479-666X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Metaplastic Breast Cancer (MpBC) is a rare disease entity accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancers. There is limited data focusing on this aggressive disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of MpBC at a UK centre and describe the demographic variables, clinical characteristics and treatment.

METHODS: Between 2017-2024, we have reviewed 23 patients diagnosed with histologically proven MpBC from the hospital cancer database.

RESULTS: A total of 2097 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer in our centre between 2017-2024, of which 23 patients were diagnosed with MpBC. The incidence was 1.1%. The median age at diagnosis was 71 years, the median tumour size at presentation was 5.2 cm and twenty (87%) patients had a Grade III tumour, while three (13%) patients were Grade II. Seventeen (74%) patients were triple negative. Histologically, the most common component of MpBC was purely squamous cell metaplasia found in eight patients. With regards to treatment, twenty-one patients had surgery whereas three patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eight patients had axillary lymph nodal involvement. Eight patients passed away due to various causes.

CONCLUSION: Our incidence of MpBC is consistent with literature. MpBC is an infrequently encountered pathology where the current protocols are still under evaluation. Most patients have early disease progression and poor prognosis in comparison to other breast cancer subtypes. Further research and randomised control trials are needed to determine a gold standard treatment for this disease.},
}

@article {pmid42614260,
year = {2026},
author = {Metser, U and Mirshahvalad, SA and Murad, V and Veit-Haibach, P and Han, E},
title = {Predictors and prevalence of lateral supraclavicular lymph node metastases on [[18]F]FDG PET/CT in patients with locally advanced, or multifocal invasive ductal carcinoma of breast: potential impact on adjuvant radiotherapy targets.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1916551},
pmid = {42614260},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {PURPOSE: There is variability in the coverage of the lateral supraclavicular fossa in adjuvant radiotherapy targets in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of lateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis (LSCLNM) in patients with advanced or multifocal breast cancer on [[18]F]FDG-PET/CT.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients who were referred for [[18]F]FDG-PET/CT were included. Primary tumor location, [[18]F]FDG-PET parameters, extent of regional nodal disease (including presence or absence of LSCLNM), and distant metastasis status were recorded. Associations between these parameters and presence of LSCLNM were tested.

RESULTS: There were 243 patients evaluated, of whom 23 had bilateral disease. Of the 266 primary breast tumors evaluated, 19 (7.1%) cases had ipsilateral LSCLNM. None of the patients with locoregional nodal metastasis limited to axillary levels 1-2 had LSCLNM, whereas 8.7%, 12.8% and 52.2% of cases with axillary nodal metastasis up to level III, axillary nodal plus internal mammary nodal metastases, and medial supraclavicular lymph node metastasis (MSCLNM) showed LSCLNM, respectively. Further associations with LSCLNM included metabolic tumor volume (MTV), tumor location in the upper outer quadrant and presence of distant metastasis. Following multivariate analysis, only MTV and the presence of axillary level III nodal metastasis and MSCLNM remained statistically significant (p of 0.043, 0.011 and <0.001, respectively), suggesting their independence.

CONCLUSIONS: LSCLNM was identified in a minority of patients with breast cancer undergoing staging with [[18]F]FDG-PET/CT, but its likelihood increased substantially with more extensive regional nodal disease. Specialists reporting PET scans should be aware of the clinical implications of this finding and ensure to report the nodal spread in detail. Our data suggest that in patients with PET-positive high-level nodal disease, inclusion of the LSCLN should be considered, based on individual risk features including tumor location and primary tumor burden.},
}

@article {pmid42619866,
year = {2026},
author = {Savariau, L and Qin, Y and Shah, O and Basudan, AM and Merkel, C and Sisoudiya, SD and Sivakumar, S and Sokol, ES and McGinn, O and Li, Z and Liu, T and Tasdemir, N and Tallapaneni, P and Coffman, L and Elishaev, E and Atkinson, JM and Lucas, PC and Lee, AV and Oesterreich, S},
title = {Breast cancer ovarian metastases show increased activity of GPCR pathways.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.64898/2026.07.30.741805},
pmid = {42619866},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Treatment resistance and metastases occur in 10-20% of patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), the most common special histological subtype of breast cancer. ILC metastasizes to the ovary more frequently than no special type (NST) tumors, also known as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). To characterize the genomic landscape of breast cancer ovarian metastases, we analyzed 15,613 local breast cancers, 22,010 non-ovarian metastases, and 246 ovarian metastases sequenced using FoundationOne®CDx or FoundationOne® assays. Ovarian metastases had enriched CDH1 , PIK3CA , and TBX3 mutations and depleted TP53 and MYC alterations relative to local breast cancers, with additional depletion of ESR1 mutations compared to non-ovarian metastases. CDH1 mutations were less frequent in ovarian metastases (47%) than local ILC (81.3%), with reduced 16q loss (64% vs 84%), indicating that ovarian metastases also arise from non-ILC tumors. We extended these findings to a UPMC cohort of 27 ovarian metastases (13 ILC, 8 IDC, 6 mixed ductal-lobular carcinoma) with patient-matched primary tumors in most cases. In both cohorts, patients with ovarian metastases were significantly younger than those with other metastatic sites. In the UPMC cohort, the most frequent mutations were in PIK3CA , CDH1 , KMT2C , FOXA1 , and RUNX1 . Transcriptomic analysis identified upregulated G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways, including metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling. Functional studies showed that calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a GPCR overexpressed in ovarian metastases, drives MEK/ERK-dependent migration and F-actin reorganization in ILC cell lines, enhanced by estrogen and blocked by calcilytic, MEK, or anti- estrogen treatment. Our findings inform future therapeutic targeting of ovarian metastasis.},
}

@article {pmid42634657,
year = {2026},
author = {Chu, EC and Ng, L},
title = {Breast Cancer Metastases Presenting as Musculoskeletal Complaints.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {7},
pages = {e113298},
pmid = {42634657},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Breast cancer often metastasizes to the bone, leading to musculoskeletal symptoms that may mimic benign conditions. Patients with undiagnosed or recurrent malignancies may initially present to first-contact providers, including chiropractors, with non-specific spinal or musculoskeletal pain. Here, we extend the series with two additional cases, highlighting risks of delayed diagnosis, the role of imaging, and chiropractic care. In Case 1, a 62-year-old woman with a history of breast carcinoma presented with progressive left-sided sciatica-like symptoms (pain radiating from the sacroiliac region to the lower extremity), revealing progressive metastases on MRI (e.g., L5 vertebral collapse with retropulsion and severe stenosis) and PET/CT (e.g., new intraspinal extensions at C2, T2, and T4). Multidisciplinary intervention, including radiotherapy, targeted therapy (letrozole, palbociclib, denosumab), and conservative chiropractic management, reduced Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores from 7/10 to 3/10 and improved quality of life from 58/100 to 86/100. In Case 2, a 44-year-old woman presented with constant lumbar pain (7/10 intensity), leading to the discovery of multilevel vertebral collapses (e.g., C7, T3, T5, T8, and L2) and abnormal marrow signals on MRI, confirmed as invasive ductal carcinoma via biopsy and PET/CT. These cases underscore the need for vigilance in patients with an oncologic history presenting with musculoskeletal pain. These clinical outcomes highlight the synergy of an interdisciplinary management model, where primary oncology therapies (radiotherapy and systemic targeted agents) successfully achieve metabolic and structural stabilization of the metastatic lesions, while concurrent, low-force supportive chiropractic care safely focuses on mechanical symptom mitigation and preserving the patient's quality of life.},
}

@article {pmid42610097,
year = {2026},
author = {Chang, ACC and Hale, E and Foldi, J},
title = {Abemaciclib-Associated Psychosis: A Case Report of a Rare Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effect during Breast Cancer Treatment.},
journal = {Case reports in oncology},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {1231-1238},
pmid = {42610097},
issn = {1662-6575},
support = {F30 CA294839/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; KL2 TR001856/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Abemaciclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor widely used in combination with endocrine therapy for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced and early breast cancer. While generally well-tolerated, neuropsychiatric adverse effects are uncommon but may be clinically significant.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian female with stage I endometrial cancer and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who developed severe psychotic symptoms approximately 2 weeks after initiating abemaciclib, as part of her adjuvant breast cancer treatment. Her prior treatment had included adjuvant carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy with brachytherapy, and her endocrine therapy was switched from anastrozole to letrozole at the time abemaciclib was added. Despite having a history of anxiety and obsessive-compulsive tendencies, she had no prior psychotic episodes. Her symptoms ultimately required two emergency department visits and a 9-day psychiatric hospitalization. Treatment with mirtazapine, olanzapine, and clonazepam resulted in the complete resolution of psychotic symptoms, and abemaciclib was permanently discontinued. After approximately 9 months, she was able to discontinue psychiatric medications without relapse of her psychotic symptoms.

CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare but serious neuropsychiatric adverse effects of abemaciclib and emphasizes the need for careful monitoring and multidisciplinary management.},
}

@article {pmid42609907,
year = {2026},
author = {Coutu, FA and Hagh-Doust, H and Maedler-Kron, CR and Asselah, J and Bessissow, T},
title = {Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Review of Literature.},
journal = {Case reports in gastroenterology},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {311-328},
pmid = {42609907},
issn = {1662-0631},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Metastatic spread of breast cancer to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is very uncommon (<1% of all metastases), but it is disproportionately higher in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. Its presentation can mimic primary rectal malignancy, often leading to delayed diagnosis.

CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 40-year-old woman with metastatic, hormone receptor-positive classic ILC who developed rectal obstruction 2 years after her breast cancer diagnosis. Initial colonoscopy with superficial biopsies was negative. One year later, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated smooth, concentric thickening of the rectal wall; repeat biopsies confirmed metastatic lobular carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal metastasis from ILC, especially negative superficial rectal biopsies. Endoscopic and radiologic features often mimic primary rectal pathology, underscoring the importance of deep biopsy and imaging in establishing the diagnosis. New lower-GI symptoms in any breast-cancer survivor, especially one with ILC, should prompt pelvic MRI and deep tissue sampling to exclude metastatic disease if superficial biopsies are negative.},
}

@article {pmid42605446,
year = {2026},
author = {P, CK and Ramasamy, J and Moorthi, V and Prabhu, and Kaliyamoorthy, S and Radhakrishnan, V},
title = {Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Correlation of Stromal CD10 Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinoma: A Prospective Observational Study.},
journal = {Iranian journal of pathology},
volume = {21},
number = {4},
pages = {543-551},
pmid = {42605446},
issn = {1735-5303},
abstract = {BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is a major global health concern, with tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment (TME) dynamics limiting the predictive value of conventional prognostic markers such as age, tumor size, grade, nodal status, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and ER/PR/HER2 status. Stromal CD10, a zinc-dependent metalloproteinase expressed by fibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, promotes tumor invasion through extracellular matrix remodeling and is associated with aggressive tumor features. This study evaluates stromal CD10 expression in invasive breast carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical parameters.

METHODS: A prospective study of 73 modified radical mastectomy specimens of invasive ductal carcinoma was conducted between April 2024 and December 2025. Histopathological diagnosis and grading were confirmed using H&E staining. Immunohistochemistry assessed ER, PR, HER2, stromal CD10 expression, and molecular subtypes. Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) was calculated for risk stratification.

RESULTS: Most patients were female, with predominance of T2 tumors (61.6%), IDC-NST (86.3%), and grade 2 tumors (79.5%). ER, PR, and HER2 positivity were observed in 52.1%, 37%, and 30.1% of cases. Basal-like and luminal B subtypes were most common (30.1% each). Stromal CD10 showed strong positivity in 49.3%, weak positivity in 30.1%, and negativity in 20.5%. CD10 expression showed a higher frequency among cases with T2 tumors, grade 2 histology, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node involvement, ER/PR negativity, HER2 positivity, and basal-like/HER2-enriched subtypes; however, these associations did not reach statistical significance.

CONCLUSION: In low-resource settings, Stromal CD10 may have potential as an adjunct marker of tumor aggressiveness; however, in the present study, its associations with adverse clinicopathological parameters were not statistically significant. Larger multicentric studies with survival data are required for validation. Validation requires larger multicentric investigations with survival data.},
}

@article {pmid42607428,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhang, Y and Wang, Y and Ma, F and Tzachor, A and Wang, H},
title = {Criticality and scale effects in China's power lithium-ion battery system.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {415},
number = {},
pages = {130595},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130595},
pmid = {42607428},
issn = {1095-8630},
abstract = {The rapid electrification of transport has made power lithium-ion batteries (PLIBs) a central resource system for low-carbon mobility. In China, the world's largest PLIB producer and consumer, the key sustainability challenge is not only battery expansion but also whether raw material demand can be secured and managed. However, most assessments of battery resource risks focus on material or technology criticality alone, rather than on how criticality interacts with material demand and technology deployment. This study assesses resource pressure in China's PLIB system from 2010 to 2024 by combining raw material demand with material-level criticality and installed capacity with technology-level criticality. The results show that China's PLIB installed capacity in new energy passenger vehicles increased from 46.7 GWh in 2020 to 486.5 GWh in 2024, substantially increasing the raw material demand. Cobalt, nickel and manganese showed relatively higher criticality, while lowest-criticality graphite exhibited substantial resource pressure because its demand reached 434.3 kt in 2024, over three times that of nickel. At the technology level, NMC chemistries showed higher criticality than NCA and LFP. The transition toward high-nickel NMC reduced cobalt-related pressure but increased exposure to nickel-related resource pressure. Despite its lowest criticality among NMC chemistries, NMC811 exhibited the highest resource pressure after 2021 due to rapid capacity expansion. Although LFP maintained the lowest criticality, its large-scale deployment (320.12 GWh in 2024) still generated non-negligible resource pressure, highlighting the amplifying effect of deployment scale on low-criticality technologies. These findings show that battery technology planning should consider both material criticality and deployment scale.},
}

@article {pmid42609660,
year = {2026},
author = {Lapeikis, I and Baranauskytė, V and Jančiauskas, D and Pužauskienė, L and Korobeinikova, E},
title = {When Local Beats Systemic: Durable Control of Metastatic Undifferentiated Uterine Sarcoma and Surveillance Uncovering a Second Primary.},
journal = {Acta medica Lituanica},
volume = {33},
number = {1},
pages = {204-213},
pmid = {42609660},
issn = {1392-0138},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS) is a rare, aggressive uterine mesenchymal malignancy with poor prognosis, for which, evidence supporting metastasis-directed treatment strategies is limited.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (R0) for stage IB UUS in 2016, followed by adjuvant doxorubicin-ifosfamide. Three years later, surveillance CT identified bilateral pulmonary metastases. Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection confirmed metastatic UUS, and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was delivered to residual and subsequent lung lesions, achieving sustained local control without systemic therapy. The patient remained progression-free for almost three years. In 2024, follow-up imaging showed no active sarcoma but incidentally detected a left breast lesion; biopsy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma with mucinous features. She underwent breast-conserving surgery with sentinel lymph node biopsy (pT1N0(sn)), followed by adjuvant whole-breast radiotherapy and endocrine therapy with tamoxifen.

OUTCOMES: At 8.5 years from UUS diagnosis and one year after breast cancer treatment, the patient remains alive with no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease and with excellent performance status (ECOG 0).

CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates prolonged, chemotherapy-free control of metastatic UUS using a metastasis-directed strategy combining surgery and SBRT, and highlights the importance of continued surveillance for secondary primary malignancies. It supports considering an oligometastatic treatment paradigm and multidisciplinary management in selected UUS patients despite the absence of prospective data.},
}

@article {pmid42601757,
year = {2026},
author = {Aliyev, A and Adilli, A and Ismayilsoy, A and Aghayarli, F and Babazade, I and Ibrahimli, A and Isayev, C and Karn, T and Gasimli, B and Gasimli, K},
title = {Prognostic significance of androgen receptor expression in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A retrospective cohort study.},
journal = {Medicine},
volume = {105},
number = {33},
pages = {e50131},
doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000050131},
pmid = {42601757},
issn = {1536-5964},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Receptors, Androgen/metabolism/genetics ; *Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/metabolism/genetics ; *Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Disease-Free Survival ; Pathologic Complete Response ; Adult ; Aged ; },
abstract = {The androgen receptor (AR) is an emerging biomarker in breast cancer (BC), yet its prognostic relevance in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) remains inconclusive. While most studies focus on Western populations, data from the Caucasus are scarce. Given regional differences in tumor biology and treatment access, evaluating AR's clinical significance in these populations is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the association between AR expression, pathological response, and disease-free survival (DFS) in stage II to III BC patients receiving NACT. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 132 female BC patients treated with NACT at Bonadea Hospital. AR expression patterns were categorized as negative, weak, moderate, or strong. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and univariate Cox regression to evaluate associations between AR expression and clinicopathological features, pathological complete response (pCR), and DFS. The median age at diagnosis was 47 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 91.1% of cases, with 50.0% of tumors graded as II or III. pCR was achieved in 28.6% of patients. Moderate-to-strong AR expression was observed in 15% of cases and was associated with a significantly lower Ki-67 index (P = .047). Although dichotomized AR expression did not significantly predict DFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08-1.47, P = .151), Cox regression using all 4 AR categories revealed a significant reduction in recurrence risk (HR = 0.384, 95% CI: 0.160-0.918, P = .031). In multivariable model adjusting for estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and Ki-67 expression, moderate-to-strong AR expression remained the most influential prognostic factor, although the association did not reach statistical significance (adjusted HR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.07-1.41, P = .129; concordance index = 0.83). Among patients with residual disease (non-pCR), moderate-to-strong AR expression was associated with a higher 2-year DFS rate (90.9% vs 46.4%, P = .089). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated no evidence of selection bias related to AR data availability, as 2-year DFS was comparable between patients with and without available AR assessment (76.1% vs 71.6%, log-rank P = .975). Moderate-to-strong AR expression may be associated with improved DFS in patients treated with NACT, especially in those with incomplete pathological response. These findings highlight the potential of AR as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target, warranting validation in prospective studies.},
}

Humans
Female
*Receptors, Androgen/metabolism/genetics
*Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/metabolism/genetics
*Neoadjuvant Therapy
Retrospective Studies
Prognosis
Middle Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
Disease-Free Survival
Pathologic Complete Response
Adult
Aged

@article {pmid42601855,
year = {2026},
author = {Chen, P and Lv, X and Su, H and Wu, H and Zhang, Z and Zhang, B and Zhang, F},
title = {Correlation study between inflammatory, nutritional and metabolic indicators and the risk of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1752259},
pmid = {42601855},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare clinical data between women with invasive breast cancer (IBC) and those with benign breast tumors, identify risk factors influencing IBC development, and provide evidence for early clinical identification and intervention.

METHODS: Clinical records of 1, 049 female patients with breast masses who underwent surgical treatment at Hebei Provincial People's Hospital between October 1, 2018, and October 1, 2020, were retrospectively collected. The cohort comprised 738 cases in the benign breast mass group and 311 cases in the invasive breast cancer group. Chi-square (χ²), Z-tests, and T-tests were used to compare the two groups regarding age, menopausal status, marital status, parity, family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast surgery, presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), and related inflammatory and nutritional indicators [prognostic nutritional index (PNI), albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR). Independent risk factors for female IBC development were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: Logistic Regression Analysis: Univariate analysis revealed that age, postmenopausal status, marital history, parity, coexisting multiple sclerosis, PNI, AGR, SIRI, and history of benign breast surgery were associated with inflammatory breast cancer in women. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, postmenopausal status, coexisting multiple sclerosis, decreased PNI, elevated SIRI, and history of benign breast surgery were independent risk factors for inflammatory breast cancer in women.

CONCLUSIONS: Advanced age, postmenopausal status, concomitant metabolic syndrome, decreased PNI, and elevated SIRI are independent risk factors for invasive breast cancer in women. A history of benign breast surgery may serve as a protective factor. Clinicians should enhance screening and intervention for high-risk populations based on these factors.},
}

@article {pmid42605413,
year = {2026},
author = {Nugrohowati, N and Ratri, LA and Kusuma, T and Widodo, I},
title = {Metachronous Double Primary Malignancies of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast and Primary Ovarian Angiosarcoma.},
journal = {Iranian journal of pathology},
volume = {21},
number = {4},
pages = {608-615},
pmid = {42605413},
issn = {1735-5303},
abstract = {BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Primary ovarian angiosarcoma (POA) is an exceptionally rare and aggressive endothelial malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of all ovarian cancers. Its diagnosis is often challenging due to nonspecific clinical features and histologic overlap with other ovarian tumors.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old woman presented with progressive abdominal distension, intermittent vaginal bleeding, and constipation, four months after completing chemoradiotherapy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Imaging revealed a 14.6 cm solid-cystic pelvic mass, and histopathological examination demonstrated CD31 and ERG positivity, confirming a rare diagnosis of primary ovarian angiosarcoma. BRCA2 immunohistochemistry was negative.

CONCLUSION: The metachronous occurrence of triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma and primary ovarian angiosarcoma represents an extremely rare clinical scenario. Although angiosarcomas have occasionally been reported in individuals with BRCA mutations, the relationship between BRCA alterations and ovarian angiosarcoma remains unclear. In the present case, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated negative BRCA2 expression. Further molecular characterization of ovarian angiosarcomas is needed to better understand their biology and potential relationship with hereditary cancer syndromes.},
}

@article {pmid42594098,
year = {2026},
author = {Sharma, S and Suryavanshi, T and Agarwal, P and Singh, A and Gupta, S and Singh, AK and Singh, K and Solanki, V and Bhalla, S},
title = {Clinicopathological and Prognostic Implications of Circulating MicroRNA-429 in Breast Cancer Patients.},
journal = {Annals of African medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4103/aam.aam_560_26},
pmid = {42594098},
issn = {0975-5764},
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIMS: MicroRNA-429 (miR-429), a member of the miR-200 family, has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor progression, yet its clinicopathological significance in breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate serum miR-429 expression in treatment-naïve breast cancer patients and correlate its levels with detailed histopathological variables, molecular subtype, treatment response, and outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, serum samples from 49 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC- no special type [NST]) patients and 49 age-matched healthy controls were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clinicopathological data (tumor grade, receptor status, lymphovascular invasion [LVI], nodal status, mitosis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, necrosis, and subtype) and treatment response (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] v1.1) were recorded. Resection specimens were evaluated for residual cancer burden (RCB).

RESULTS: Mean serum miR-429 levels were significantly lower in cases than controls (0.92 ± 0.53 vs. 1.24 ± 0.55; t = 2.892, P = 0.005). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.649 (95% confidence interval: 0.540-0.758; P = 0.011) with 67.3% sensitivity and specificity at a cut-off of <1.005. Higher miR-429 expression was significantly associated with LVI (37.5% vs. 0%, P = 0.021). Trends toward higher mitotic activity (≥6 mitoses/10 hpf: 62.5% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.094) and greater nodal involvement (50.0% vs. 20.0%, P = 0.096) were noted in the high-expression group. No significant associations were observed with grade (P = 0.190), receptor status (estrogen receptor P = 0.354; progesterone receptor P = 0.614; HER2 P = 0.579), molecular subtype (P = 0.852), RCB (P = 0.418), or RECIST response (P = 0.627). At follow-up, 42 patients (85.7%) were doing well, 5 (10.2%) had died, and outcomes were not significantly related to miR-429 (P = 0.351).

CONCLUSION: Serum miR-429 is downregulated in breast cancer and correlates significantly with LVI, suggesting a role in invasive biology. While diagnostic utility is modest, its integration into multi-microRNA panels may enhance predictive accuracy. Larger, multi-institutional, subtype-stratified studies are needed for validation.},
}

@article {pmid42598285,
year = {2026},
author = {Juma, FM and Msellem, AS and Mwita, S and Omar, M and Omar, K and Joshua, D and Amour, A and Hassan, H and Hashoul, S and Mahmoud, MA and Kühnert, S and Ally, MS and Said, A and Joshi, J and Maza, F and Ingelbeen, B and Konje, ET and Poulsen, A and Lund, S and Seni, J},
title = {Drivers influencing antibiotics use in pediatric wards across five public hospitals in Zanzibar: a WHO multiple point prevalence survey.},
journal = {Frontiers in antibiotics},
volume = {5},
number = {},
pages = {1874316},
pmid = {42598285},
issn = {2813-2467},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs is a major public health strategy to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use (AMU) and averting antibiotic resistance (AMR). Evidence on AMU and AMS program implementation is widely documented in Tanzania mainland, consistent with previous studies done and other low-and middle-income countries. However, there is limited information on AMU and AMS programs to guide the implementation of the Zanzibar Action Plan on AMR. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of AMU, identify factors associated with AMU, and to assess the performance of AMS programs in pediatric wards across hospitals in Zanzibar.

METHODS: This repeated cross-sectional study employed the World Health Organization Point Prevalence Survey (WHO-PPS) tool at two time points (February to April 2024 and December 2024 to May 2025), complemented by a one-time WHO-Health Care Facility Core Element Indicators Tool conducted in April 2024 to assess AMS performance. The WHO-PPS study population was children ≤13 years admitted to pediatric wards in five public hospitals in Zanzibar. Healthcare providers and AMS team members reported on Core Element Indicators. The WHO-PPS data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate modified Poisson regression, while AMS performance was computed as percentage scores per hospital.

RESULTS: Of 943 paediatric patients, 826 (87.6%) received at least one antibiotic. Gentamicin, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Watch-category antibiotics accounted for the majority of prescriptions (53.8%), followed by Access (45.8%) and Reserve (0.4%). Community-acquired infections were the predominant indication for antibiotic use, 60.4%, with pneumonia and sepsis being the most common diagnoses. Bacteriological culture testing was performed in only 10.9% of patients, while adherence to national treatment guidelines was 77.8%. Significant predictors of AMU included hospital tier (regional: aPR 1.39, 95%CI 1.30-1.50; and district level: aPR 1.35, 95%CI 1.26-1.46); and higher disease severity shown by ultimately fatal McCabe score, aPR 1.20, 95%CI: 1.07-1.33). The AMS program performance was below the 50% functionality threshold, with low scores observed in leadership, accountability, monitoring and surveillance, and reporting and feedback, alongside limited progress in the establishment of DTC/IPC/AMC committees and implementation of AMS actions.

CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic use among admitted children was markedly prevalent, notably by the Watch category of antibiotics, and limited reliance on bacteriological culture and suboptimal AMS program performance across hospitals in Zanzibar. These findings highlight important opportunities to strengthen AMS programs and diagnostic practices. Future research should evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing and explore barriers to effective AMS implementation across hospitals in Zanzibar.},
}

@article {pmid42592441,
year = {2026},
author = {Patel, NK and Henderson, J and Uygur, HS},
title = {Lateral Intercostal Artery Perforator Flap for Axillary Breast Reconstruction in a Previously Irradiated and Dissected Field.},
journal = {Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India},
volume = {59},
number = {3},
pages = {232-236},
pmid = {42592441},
issn = {0970-0358},
abstract = {Reconstruction of axillary defects after oncologic resection is particularly challenging in patients with prior axillary dissection and radiation, as traditional thoracodorsal-based flaps may be unreliable. We present a case of a 59-year-old woman with recurrent left axillary invasive ductal carcinoma, 18 years after lumpectomy, axillary dissection, chemotherapy, and radiation. En bloc resection involving the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior created a 6 × 5 × 2 cm defect with exposed rib. A lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) flap was used for reconstruction, based on a dominant perforator at the sixth intercostal space identified by Doppler and confirmed intraoperatively with indocyanine green angiography. The flap was de-epithelialized, tunneled to the axilla, and the donor site closed primarily. The patient achieved complete healing without necrosis or contracture and maintained full shoulder mobility after adjuvant chemoradiation. The LICAP flap offers a safe, reliable option for axillary reconstruction in previously treated fields.},
}

@article {pmid42578231,
year = {2026},
author = {Alessa, H and Yacoubi, T and Alshayeb, A and Alraihan, J and Alqurashi, T},
title = {Recurrent radiogenic angiosarcoma of the breast: a rare case report.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {138},
number = {8},
pages = {3010-3014},
pmid = {42578231},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Post-radiation angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare but aggressive vascular malignancy that can develop as a late complication of radiotherapy for breast cancer. It is associated with a risk of local recurrence and a poor prognosis.

CASE PRESENTATION: Herein, we describe a case of an 80-year-old postmenopausal woman with a prior history of stage IIIC left breast invasive ductal carcinoma, treated with lumpectomy, axillary dissection, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Several years after treatment, she presented with a painless, superficial brown skin lesion over the irradiated breast. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed high-grade angiosarcoma with epithelioid features. Staging investigations showed no distant metastatic disease, and the patient underwent a left simple mastectomy. During follow-up, she developed recurrent disease, presenting as cutaneous and chest wall lesions, both confirmed histologically as recurrent angiosarcoma. The patient subsequently underwent wide local excision with rotational flap reconstruction for local recurrence. The patient is currently under regular follow-up with no further recurrence or active complaints.

DISCUSSION: Radiogenic breast angiosarcoma is an uncommon cancer, and while various studies have documented its clinical features and treatment, few have specifically addressed recurrent instances. Our case demonstrates the clinical course of recurrent post-radiation angiosarcoma and the difficulty in achieving local disease control following several surgical treatments.

CONCLUSIONS: This report highlights the prognosis, treatment, and clinical presentation of recurrent breast radiogenic angiosarcoma. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion in previously irradiated patients presenting with new or progressive skin changes.},
}

@article {pmid42578236,
year = {2026},
author = {Rostamzadeh, S and Shahrahmani, F and Rasoulighasemlouei, S and Mahmodlou, R},
title = {A rare case of synchronous bilateral breast cancer with distinct histological subtypes.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {138},
number = {8},
pages = {2872-2875},
pmid = {42578236},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC) is rare, and the occurrence of distinct histological subtypes in each breast is particularly uncommon, presenting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This report describes a case of SBBC with discordant histology in an elderly woman to highlight the diagnostic challenges.

CASE PRESENTATION: An 80-year-old woman with no prior breast cancer screening presented with a palpable right breast mass. Imaging revealed bilateral lesions, and core needle biopsy (CNB) confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in the right breast with axillary lymph node involvement. While the initial biopsy of the left breast suggested benign changes, an excisional biopsy was performed due to imaging-pathology discordance, confirming invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated ER and PR positivity, HER2 negativity, and discordant E-cadherin expression, confirming two separate primary tumors. Given the patient's advanced age and comorbidities, she underwent bilateral mastectomy without chemotherapy. Final pathology confirmed IDC (T2N1M0, grade II) in the right breast and multifocal ILC (T2N0M0, grade II) in the left breast.

DISCUSSION: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of SBBC with different histologic types. The limited sensitivity of CNB for ILC underscores the need for close imaging-pathology correlation and excisional biopsy when discordance exists. Management should follow the principles of unilateral disease but be tailored to patient comorbidities and tumor biology.

CONCLUSION: SBBC with distinct histological subtypes is rare but clinically significant. Bilateral evaluation and accurate histopathological assessment are essential for optimal outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid42591679,
year = {2026},
author = {Li, M and Jin, L and Shao, J and Wang, T and Wu, X},
title = {Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation: a propensity score-matched analysis of the SEER database.},
journal = {Translational cancer research},
volume = {15},
number = {7},
pages = {546},
pmid = {42591679},
issn = {2219-6803},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation (APO) is a rare invasive cancer with unclear prognostic significance. This study compared clinicopathological features and survival outcomes between APO and invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (IDC-NST).

METHODS: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce bias. Overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and Cox regression. Subgroup analyses were performed by molecular subtypes based on receptor status.

RESULTS: APO was associated with older age, higher grade, larger tumors, more lymph node involvement, higher rates of estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) negativity and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity, and more frequent chemotherapy use (all P<0.001). Before PSM, APO exhibited worse 5-year OS (P<0.001) but similar BCSS. After PSM, APO patients demonstrated significantly better BCSS compared to IDC-NST but similar OS. Multivariate analysis identified APO as an independent favorable factor for BCSS [hazard ratio (HR) =0.672; P<0.001] and OS (HR =0.861; P=0.04). In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), APO independently predicted better BCSS (HR =0.72; P<0.001). No survival difference was found in HER2 positive and luminal subtypes.

CONCLUSIONS: Although APO is associated with aggressive pathological features, it confers a more favorable prognosis than IDC-NST, particularly in TNBC subtype. These findings underscore the importance of molecular subtype-specific treatment strategies in the management of APO.},
}

@article {pmid42592430,
year = {2026},
author = {Duan, JF and Li, T and Zhang, QJ and Lu, JH},
title = {Concurrent human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer with axillary nodal metastasis in a patient with pituitary prolactinoma: a case report.},
journal = {AME case reports},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {141},
pmid = {42592430},
issn = {2523-1995},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Managing high-risk human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) concurrent with a functioning pituitary adenoma is clinically challenging. Current oncological guidelines lack specific clinical consensus protocols regarding the simultaneous administration of intensive dual-HER2 targeted therapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and continuous dopamine agonists.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman with a 5-year history of pituitary prolactinoma presented with a painless left breast mass over a 2-year duration. Her serum prolactin (PRL) was strictly pharmacologically controlled within the normal physiological range (8-15 ng/mL). Diagnostic breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a suspicious 3 mm × 5 mm spiculated nodule [Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4a]. She initially underwent an excisional biopsy which confirmed invasive carcinoma. Due to intraoperative sentinel lymph node positivity, the tumor's proximity to the nipple, and the patient's explicit refusal of breast conservation, she underwent a left modified radical mastectomy. Definitive surgery demonstrated a pathologically paradoxical finding: a minute 0.8 cm (pT1b) invasive ductal carcinoma accompanied by early axillary lymph node metastasis (pN1a, 2/27 positive nodes). The tumor exhibited high proliferative potential (Ki-67 40%) and parallel HER2 amplification (3+) in both the invasive and the high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) components. Adhering to a multidisciplinary plan while maintaining her cabergoline regimen uninterrupted, she received adjuvant chemotherapy, dual anti-HER2 blockade (trastuzumab and pertuzumab), and radiotherapy. She declined extended adjuvant neratinib due to gastrointestinal toxicity concerns. She remains completely disease-free at 36 months post-surgery with stable pituitary function.

CONCLUSIONS: This case underscores the ongoing safety, feasibility, and practical compatibility of integrating dopamine agonists with intensive BC therapies. Furthermore, the paradoxical early lymphatic dissemination of a sub-centimeter primary tumor under physiological PRL levels suggests profound local crosstalk between HER2 and PRL receptor (PRLR) signaling. This necessitates vigilant management of even small, highly proliferative lesions in patients with concurrent endocrine comorbidities.},
}

@article {pmid42571762,
year = {2026},
author = {Malhaire, C and Lecouvet, F and Bereby-Kahane, M and Eddine, CA and Fourchotte, V and Buecher, B and Baelen, KV and Seban, RD and Bonneau, C and Mechta-Grigoriou, F and Djerroudi, L and Desmedt, C and Vincent-Salomon, A and Dresen, R and Huchet, V},
title = {Imaging patterns and diagnostic challenges in metastatic invasive lobular carcinoma.},
journal = {European journal of radiology},
volume = {204},
number = {},
pages = {113152},
doi = {10.1016/j.ejrad.2026.113152},
pmid = {42571762},
issn = {1872-7727},
abstract = {Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common subtype of breast cancer after invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST), previously referred to as invasive ductal carcinoma. Loss of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion drives its characteristic diffuse infiltration, producing subtle or ill-defined lesions on imaging and contributing to underdiagnosis. ILC is heterogeneous, comprising a classical form and several variants-some of which, such as pleomorphic ILC, are considered more aggressive and carry distinct prognostic implications. ILC demonstrates a distinctive metastatic tropism, with a higher prevalence of peritoneal, gastrointestinal, ovarian, and leptomeningeal involvement than NST, whereas pulmonary metastases are reported less often. ILC Metastases are frequently low-volume or infiltrative and may mimic benign or inflammatory conditions, complicating staging and follow-up. This didactic review provides a head-to-toe survey of metastatic ILC, combining radiology and nuclear medicine perspectives. It highlights diagnostic pitfalls and key imaging hallmarks, with emphasis on whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-DWI) and PET/CT strategies beyond^18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ({\,}^
18F-FDG), given the often low or heterogeneous FDG avidity of ILC, including^18F-fluoroestradiol (FES) and fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) imaging. By integrating biological insights with state-of-the-art imaging, this review emphasises how the distinctive metastatic behaviour of ILC can lead to delayed detection. Increased awareness of these patterns and need for dedicated imaging approach among radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians is necessary to reduce missed or late diagnoses.},
}

@article {pmid42572745,
year = {2026},
author = {Hirata, M and Morisaki, T and Asaka, Y and Matsuda, H and Henmi, S and Kikukawa, Y and Kochi, A and Watanabe, C and Takada, K and Tauchi, Y and Ogisawa, K and Kinoshita, H and Kohashi, K and Kashiwagi, S},
title = {Early Distant Metastasis in Synchronous Bilateral Breast Cancer including a Small Low-Grade Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: A Case Report.},
journal = {Surgical case reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42572745},
issn = {2198-7793},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Breast carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs) is an uncommon morphological finding, and its clinical significance remains unclear. We report a case of synchronous bilateral hormone receptor-positive breast cancer including a small, low-grade carcinoma with OGCs, followed by early distant recurrence after surgery.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass in the left breast. Imaging revealed synchronous bilateral breast tumors without evidence of nodal or distant metastasis. She underwent bilateral mastectomy and bilateral sentinel lymph node biopsy. The right breast tumor was a carcinoma with OGCs measuring 6 mm in diameter; it was estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, had a Ki-67 labeling index of 10%, was nuclear grade 1/histological grade 1, and showed no lymphovascular invasion or nodal metastasis. The left breast tumor was an invasive ductal carcinoma (so-called scirrhous type), measuring 25 mm in diameter; it was ER-positive, PgR-positive, HER2-negative, had a Ki-67 labeling index of 10%, was nuclear grade 2/histological grade 2, showed lymphatic invasion, and had an Oncotype DX recurrence score of 16. Tamoxifen was initiated. CT performed 6 months after surgery as postoperative imaging follow-up for this patient revealed multiple pulmonary nodules, and PET-CT showed pulmonary and lumbar vertebral lesions. Pathological confirmation was not performed; therefore, the precise origin could not be determined. Fulvestrant plus abemaciclib was started for clinically suspected recurrent breast cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates that early distant recurrence can occur in synchronous bilateral hormone receptor-positive breast cancer even when available clinicopathological and genomic findings appear relatively favorable. However, because the left conventional invasive ductal carcinoma had more plausible recurrence-risk features than the small right-sided carcinoma with OGCs, and because the metastatic lesions were not pathologically confirmed, this case should not be interpreted as evidence that the OGC-containing carcinoma caused the recurrence. Rather, it highlights the diagnostic and risk-assessment complexity of synchronous bilateral breast cancer that includes a rare stromal-rich morphological pattern.},
}

@article {pmid42578077,
year = {2026},
author = {Sarkardeh, M and Alipour, S and Omranipour, R and Asadi Kani, ZF and Khalaj, E},
title = {Dermatomyositis as a paraneoplastic sign of breast cancer: a case report and literature review.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {138},
number = {8},
pages = {2839-2844},
pmid = {42578077},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by skin and muscle involvement and is well known for its association with malignancy. Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) is a distinct subtype that presents with characteristic cutaneous manifestations in the absence of clinically significant muscle weakness, which may delay diagnosis. ADM can occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome and warrants thorough evaluation for underlying malignancy.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 39-year-old Iranian premenopausal woman presented with a one-year history of a neglected right breast mass and progressive pruritic erythematous skin lesions involving the trunk and upper extremities. Physical examination revealed no muscle weakness. Imaging demonstrated a large right breast mass with bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy. Core needle biopsy confirmed grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma (ER-positive, PR-positive, HER2-negative). Laboratory tests showed mild elevated inflammatory markers and muscle enzymes. Skin biopsy findings were consistent with dermatomyositis. Corticosteroid therapy was ineffective. A diagnosis of paraneoplastic clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis was established. Following initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, cutaneous lesions resolved completely after the first treatment cycle. The patient subsequently underwent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy, with no recurrence during follow-up.

DISCUSSION: DM may represent a paraneoplastic manifestation of breast cancer and poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in the absence of muscle involvement. Steroid resistance and rapid resolution following chemotherapy support a tumor-driven immune mechanism.

CONCLUSION: Early recognition of paraneoplastic ADM and prompt cancer-directed therapy are essential for optimal outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid42578102,
year = {2026},
author = {Subedi, S and Ghimire, S and Regmi, S and Sherchan, R and Lakhanpal, L},
title = {Male breast carcinoma in a 45-year-old without known risk factors: case report and literature review.},
journal = {International journal of surgery case reports},
volume = {138},
number = {8},
pages = {2781-2785},
pmid = {42578102},
issn = {2210-2612},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Male breast carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy, accounting for approximately 1% of all breast neoplasms. Most cases usually occur after the age of 60 and often present in advanced stages.

CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case report of a 45-year-old male who presented with a lump in his left breast along with left axillary lymphadenopathy, without any known risk factors. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the lesion showed malignant epithelial cells consistent with ductal carcinoma. Core needle biopsy was advised; however, the patient underwent a left modified radical mastectomy at another center. Histopathological examination confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma. He received adjuvant chemotherapy and is currently undergoing adjuvant endocrine therapy. He is now clinically stable, with no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis 11 months after chemotherapy, and continues regular oncological follow-up.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Male breast carcinoma usually occurs in the elderly population and is frequently associated with genetic and hormonal risk factors. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, imaging, and histopathological confirmation. A brief review of previously reported cases demonstrates invasive ductal carcinoma as the most common histological subtype.

CONCLUSION: Breast carcinoma should always be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for a male breast lump. Prompt evaluation with appropriate imaging and tissue diagnosis is essential for timely management and improved outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid42568384,
year = {2026},
author = {Liu, H and Zeng, H and Yang, B and Ji, Y and Li, Z and Zhou, L},
title = {Spontaneous rupture of a clinically recurrent intracranial dermoid cyst: a case report and narrative review.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1776634},
pmid = {42568384},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, pathological, and therapeutic features of spontaneous rupture of a recurrent intracranial dermoid cyst (IDC), and to summarize relevant dermoid-specific literature.

METHODS: We report a 38-year-old woman with a clinical history of resection of a left middle and posterior cranial fossa dermoid cyst more than 10 years earlier. She presented with headache and vomiting, and imaging suggested rupture of a recurrent lesion with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination. Emergency microsurgical resection assisted by neuroendoscopy was performed. Six months postoperatively, she developed delayed obstructive hydrocephalus, requiring neuroendoscopic fenestration and lesion debridement. A narrative literature review of ruptured intracranial dermoid cysts (IDCs) was performed, with emphasis on lesions, dissemination patterns, hydrocephalus, treatment, and reported outcomes.

RESULTS: During the initial emergency surgery, the cyst exhibited paste-like consistency with a thickened capsule. Postoperative pathology confirmed a dermoid cyst. However, disseminated foci remained within the cerebral sulci and ventricles. The second surgery revealed multiple pearl-like lesions within the ventricular system with associated lipid leakage. Following clearance of these lesions, the hydrocephalus resolved.

CONCLUSION: Spontaneous rupture of a recurrent IDC is exceptional and may be followed by extensive ventricular dissemination and delayed hydrocephalus. This necessitates a profound understanding of the associated risks, enhanced follow-up protocols, and timely intervention.},
}

@article {pmid42566016,
year = {2026},
author = {Nagasaki, Y and Shiomi, T and Sanuki, F and Mikami, Y and Nishimura, H and Akiyama, T and Nomura, T and Taira, N and Moriya, T},
title = {Association of zinc transporter expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with breast cancer.},
journal = {Medical molecular morphology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42566016},
issn = {1860-1499},
support = {R07G002//Kawasaki Medical School/ ; },
abstract = {Zinc transporters, including ZIP6 (SLC39A6, also known as LIV-1) and ZIP10 (SLC39A10), are reportedly involved in breast cancer progression and metastasis. We aimed to clarify the association of the expression of zinc transporters with clinicopathological features and prognosis in breast cancer. We retrospectively included 200 patients who underwent surgery for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (invasive diameter ≥ 10 mm) at our institution between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2023. Immunohistochemical staining for ZIP6 and ZIP10 was performed, and their expression levels were evaluated. Survival analyses were performed by stratifying patients into four groups based on combined ZIP6 and ZIP10 expression (high/low). We found that the expression levels of ZIP6 and ZIP10 showed a statistically significant positive correlation. Low ZIP6 expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathological features, including a higher Ki-67 labeling index, higher histological grade, and larger tumor size. Although survival differences did not reach statistical significance, combined evaluation of ZIP6 and ZIP10 expression revealed distinct survival tendencies among the expression groups. These findings suggest that combined assessment of ZIP6 and ZIP10 expression may provide additional prognostic information beyond ZIP6 expression alone. Future studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up are warranted to validate these findings.},
}

@article {pmid41025403,
year = {2025},
author = {Holloway, BM and Harding, CD and DeYoung, P and Kwan, CG and Avetisyan, L and Lui, KK and Ancoli-Israel, S and Banks, SJ and Djonlagic, I and Malhotra, A},
title = {Comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea is associated with worse verbal episodic memory in older females.},
journal = {Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine},
volume = {21},
number = {12},
pages = {2129-2138},
pmid = {41025403},
issn = {1550-9397},
support = {R01 HL157985/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; T32 HL166127/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; R01 HL166485/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; R01 AG063925/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States ; R01 HL154926/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; R01 HL148436/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Comorbidity ; *Memory Disorders ; *Memory, Episodic ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Polysomnography ; Sex Factors ; *Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications ; *Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; *Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/complications/epidemiology/psychology ; },
abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) is associated with poor verbal memory in older adults, and whether this relationship is moderated by sex.

METHODS: A total of 110 older adults aged (65-83), all diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea, completed overnight polysomnography and cognitive testing. COMISA was defined as obstructive sleep apnea plus an Insomnia Severity Index score ≥ 11. Verbal memory was assessed via the delayed recall component of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite. Moderation analysis examined the interaction between COMISA and sex on verbal memory performance, adjusting for age, body mass index, APOE4 status, and education. Post hoc sleep architecture differences between males and females with COMISA and females with COMISA compared to obstructive sleep apnea only were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

RESULTS: COMISA was associated with significantly worse verbal memory performance, with this effect driven by females (b = -2.82, standard error = 0.94, t = -3.01, P = .003) and absent in males (b = 0.62, standard error = 0.97, t = 0.63, P = .528). Post hoc analyses revealed that females with COMISA showed reduced rapid eye movement sleep and increased slow wave sleep compared to males with COMISA.

CONCLUSIONS: COMISA is linked to sex-specific cognitive vulnerability, with older females showing worse verbal memory than males. Post hoc analyses revealed differences in sleep architecture by sex within COMISA, warranting further investigation into stage-specific sleep contributions to cognitive risk. These findings highlight the importance of sex-informed approaches to assessing and managing cognitive risk in aging populations.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Important in the Development of Alzheimer's Disease?; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05094271; Identifier: NCT05094271.

CITATION: Holloway BM, Harding CD, DeYoung P, et al. Comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea is associated with worse verbal episodic memory in older females. J Clin Sleep Med. 2025;21(12):2129-2138.},
}

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Female
Humans
Male
Comorbidity
*Memory Disorders
*Memory, Episodic
Neuropsychological Tests
Polysomnography
Sex Factors
*Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications
*Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications
*Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/complications/epidemiology/psychology

@article {pmid42558245,
year = {2026},
author = {Yu, Q and Zhang, J and Li, H and He, K},
title = {Case Report: From standard therapy refusal to rare metastases: a case of untreated HER2-positive breast cancer progressing to brain and thyroid metastases after seven years of follow-up during which the patient received only Chinese herbal medicine.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1861088},
pmid = {42558245},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: HER2-positive breast cancer is an aggressive subtype associated with high rates of early recurrence and brain metastasis. Standard adjuvant therapy, including anti-HER2 targeted agents, significantly improves outcomes. This case illustrates the natural history of untreated HER2-positive breast cancer and documents an exceptionally rare metastatic site.

METHODS: We report a case of a 63-year-old woman with HER2-positive (3+, FISH amplified), ER-positive (80-90%), PR-negative, Ki-67 15% invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast (pT1cN2aM0, 7/12 axillary lymph nodes positive).

RESULTS: The patient refused all standard adjuvant therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and anti-HER2 therapy) and opted for sole Chinese herbal medicine. After seven years of follow-up (with a disease-free interval of approximately four years, she developed a right cerebellar hemisphere metastasis (2.3×2.7 cm with extensive edema), widespread lymphadenopathy, and a pathologically confirmed thyroid metastasis-an extremely rare event in breast cancer. Fine-needle aspiration of the thyroid nodule demonstrated atypical cells, and subsequent immunohistochemistry confirmed breast cancer origin (GATA3+, GCDFP-15+, HER2 3+, ER+, TTF-1-, TG-).

CONCLUSIONS: This case provides compelling in vivo evidence of the aggressive natural history of untreated HER2-positive breast cancer. The development of brain metastasis underscores the critical importance of anti-HER2 agents that penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The rare thyroid metastasis adds to the literature on unusual metastatic patterns. This report serves as a powerful warning of the consequences of abandoning evidence-based adjuvant therapy in high-risk breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid42552976,
year = {2026},
author = {Hong, DK and Jeon, S and Jo, MY and Park, SD and Choi, ID and Shim, JJ and Lee, DY and Lee, JH},
title = {Effect of HY7602-Fermented Deer Antler Extract on Selected Muscle-Related Outcomes and Fermentation-Associated Metabolomic Profiles.},
journal = {Journal of microbiology and biotechnology},
volume = {36},
number = {},
pages = {e2604018},
pmid = {42552976},
issn = {1738-8872},
mesh = {Animals ; *Antlers/chemistry ; *Deer ; Fermentation ; Metabolomics ; Male ; Double-Blind Method ; Metabolome ; Humans ; *Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Female ; Dietary Supplements ; },
abstract = {Age-related loss of muscle strength is closely associated with frailty, reduced mobility, and loss of independence. In this study, we investigated the clinical and metabolomic features of deer antler extract fermented with Latilactobacillus curvatus HY7602. A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in adults with reduced muscle function to evaluate the effects of daily intake of the fermented extract on muscle-related outcomes and functional performance. In parallel, exploratory untargeted LC-MS/MS-based metabolomic profiling was performed to examine biochemical changes during fermentation at three stages: extract (E), HY7602-supplemented extract (L), and fermented extract (F). After 12 weeks, the fermented deer antler extract group showed improvements in selected muscle-related outcomes compared with the placebo group, including bilateral and unilateral hand grip strength, right quadriceps strength, and Short Physical Performance Battery chair-stand performance. Metabolomic profiling revealed stage-dependent differences among the three preparation stages. Principal component analysis showed distinct clustering of E, L, and F, with the largest separation observed between E and F. Trajectory analysis suggested progressive changes in polyamine-related metabolites, amino acid derivatives, and γ-glutamyl peptides. Pathway analysis further indicated coordinated differences in nitrogen and amine metabolism, polyamine metabolism, glutathione-related metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and central carbon metabolism. HY7602-fermented deer antler extract may support selected strength-related outcomes in adults with reduced muscle function. Metabolomic profiling characterized the fermented product and provides a foundation for future mechanistic studies.},
}

Animals
*Antlers/chemistry
*Deer
Fermentation
Metabolomics
Male
Double-Blind Method
Metabolome
Humans
*Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Female
Dietary Supplements

@article {pmid42553962,
year = {2026},
author = {Gbenga, AS and Yunusa, R and Hamza, A and Shuaibu, LG and Muazu, J and Akinfenwa, TA and Ibrahim, Y and Ahmad, AA and Uchenna, SE and Abdulrazaq, AJ and Oluranti, MO and Adeyemi, VS},
title = {Comparative Evaluation of HER2 Overexpression in Breast Carcinoma Using Cell Blocks and Corresponding Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Blocks: A Prospective Study.},
journal = {Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association},
volume = {67},
number = {2},
pages = {509-522},
pmid = {42553962},
issn = {0300-1652},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in Nigeria. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important prognostic and predictive biomarker that guides targeted therapy. The tumour grade is an important prognostic factor and is also important in the treatment of patients. In a resource-limited setting, cell block cytology may serve as an alternative for initial biomarker assessment and also as an initial diagnostic tool for planning definitive management. The study aims to compare HER2 overexpression of breast carcinoma using cell blocks and corresponding paraffin wax-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks and to evaluate the concordance between both methods.

METHODOLOGY: This was a one-year prospective study involving 83 cases of breast carcinoma patients with both cell block and corresponding FFPE tissue specimens. HER2 immunohistochemistry was performed using the ASCO/CAP 2018 guideline. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Concordance was assessed using Cohen's kappa statistic. McNemar's test was used for paired comparisons.

RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 43.1 ±13.1 years, with a peak age group of 40-49 years. IHC HER2 overexpression was done on both cell blocks and histological blocks. In cell blocks, HER2 expression showed 15 cases (18.1%), 65 cases (78.3%), 3 cases (3.6%) were positive, negative, and equivocal, respectively while from histologic tissues, 15 cases (18.1%), 63 cases (75.9%), 5 cases (6.0%) were also positive, negative and equivocal respectively. The overall concordance rate between the two methods was 93.5%, with concordance rates of 100% for HER2-positive cases, 96.9% for HER2-negative cases, and 60% for equivocal cases. Sensitivity and specificity of cell block HER2 assessment were 96.9% (95% CI: 82.9-99.9) and 100% (95% CI: 94.3-100.0), respectively. The PPV of HER2 assessment on cell block was 100.0% (95% CI: 78.2-100.0), and the NPV was 97.1% (95% CI: 89.9-99.6). The kappa coefficient for agreement was 0.935, indicating excellent agreement. McNemar's test showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.480). Equivocal (2+) cases were included without FISH confirmation. Most of the cases were invasive ductal carcinoma (NST), accounting for 97.6% (81 cases).

CONCLUSION: Cell block cytology demonstrates strong concordance with FFPE tissue for HER2 assessment and may serve as a reliable alternative for initial triaging in resource-limited settings, particularly where tissue is not readily feasible. However, confirmatory testing on tissue biopsy remains essential, particularly for equivocal cases.},
}

@article {pmid42556743,
year = {2026},
author = {Jordan, T and Liang, Y and Colón Cartagena, L and Buza, N and Krishnamurti, U and Zhan, H},
title = {Pathologic Characterization of Non-Mass Enhancement Lesions of the Breast in MRI-guided Biopsy.},
journal = {Human pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {106220},
doi = {10.1016/j.humpath.2026.106220},
pmid = {42556743},
issn = {1532-8392},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Breast MRI is widely used for screening high-risk patients and for assessing the extent of disease in patients with breast cancer. The goal of this study was to determine the pathologic findings associated with MRI-guided core needle biopsies performed for non-mass enhancement (NME) lesions of the breast.

METHODS: We retrospectively identified 270 MRI-guided core needle biopsies from 225 women performed at our institution between January 1, 2024, and Dec 30, 2025. All included cases demonstrated non-mass enhancement on MRI. Radiologic and pathologic findings were reviewed. Cases were divided into two groups: those with a recent diagnosis of ipsilateral malignancy (n = 74) and those without a recent diagnosis of malignancy (n =196).

RESULTS: Biopsies from patients with a known ipsilateral malignancy demonstrated a higher frequency of invasive carcinoma (20% vs. 7%, p = 0.003) and in situ carcinoma (27% vs. 9%, p =0.0002) compared with those without ipsilateral malignancy, and a lower frequency of benign findings (46% vs. 77%, p = 0.0001). NME-associated invasive carcinomas were predominantly well- to moderately-differentiated carcinomas (96%) and were ER-positive/HER2-negative (>90%). NME-associated DCIS were 57% high grade, 43% intermediate grade, with 36% showing an ER-negative staining.

CONCLUSION: MRI-guided biopsies for NME lesions demonstrate a significant rate of malignancy, particularly in patients with known ipsilateral breast cancer. Most NME-associated malignancies are well- to moderately-differentiated, hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative carcinomas, while a subset of high-grade, ER-negative DCIS highlights the heterogeneous nature of these lesions.},
}

@article {pmid42557754,
year = {2026},
author = {Byun, D and Yoo, JW and Lee, J and Kim, KB and Kim, KJ and Lee, S and Woen, D and Lee, SM and Oh, K and Lee, CE and Park, WK and Ryu, JM and Lee, SK and Chae, BJ and Yu, J and Kim, SW and Nam, SJ and Lee, JE},
title = {Long-term Outcomes of Slowly Proliferating Luminal A-like Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Versus Invasive Carcinoma of No Special Type.},
journal = {Journal of breast cancer},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.4048/jbc.2026.0018},
pmid = {42557754},
issn = {1738-6756},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Long-term outcome comparisons between invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST, historically referred to as invasive ductal carcinoma) remain inconsistent, particularly in patients with low-proliferative hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-) disease. This study evaluated the long-term outcomes of ILC and NST in a pathologically defined, low-proliferative, HR+/HER2- (luminal A-like) cohort.

METHODS: This retrospective, single-institution study included patients with HR+/HER2- breast cancer and Ki-67 ≤ 20% who underwent surgery between 2008 and 2015. Patients with mixed histopathology, those who underwent palliative surgery, or those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox regression. A secondary 24-month landmark analysis included patients who were alive, disease-free, under observation, and receiving endocrine therapy 24 months after surgery.

RESULTS: Among 3,439 patients, 3,156 had NST and 283 had ILC. Compared with NST, ILC was associated with a higher rate of synchronous bilateral breast cancer, a more advanced pathological stage, and a lower nuclear grade. In the comprehensive cohort, breast cancer-specific survival did not differ significantly (log-rank p = 0.081), whereas disease-free survival (DFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were worse in patients with ILC (log-rank p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). After adjustment for measured clinicopathological factors, these differences were no longer statistically significant (DFS: adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.79; p = 0.164; DMFS: adjusted HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.83-2.30; p = 0.210). Detailed biomarker analyses showed similarly high estrogen receptor expression in both groups and lower exact Ki-67 values in ILC. The 24-month landmark analysis revealed the same overall pattern.

CONCLUSION: In this low-proliferative HR+/HER2- cohort, ILC showed less favorable unadjusted long-term DFS and DMFS than NST, but these differences were attenuated and were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for measured clinicopathological characteristics.},
}

@article {pmid42551191,
year = {2026},
author = {Moiola, CP and Lopez-Gil, C and Rebull, M and Sotoca, A and De la Calle, I and García, Á and Denizli, M and Salazar, L and van der Vleuten, M and Bebia, V and Tubita, V and Groothuis, P and Gil-Moreno, A and Colas, E},
title = {A mouse PDX clinical trial reveals broad efficacy of niraparib and vc-seco-DUBA anti-HER2 ADC SYD985 in HER2/neu expressing endometrial cancer.},
journal = {Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie},
volume = {202},
number = {},
pages = {119830},
doi = {10.1016/j.biopha.2026.119830},
pmid = {42551191},
issn = {1950-6007},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Advanced and recurrent high-risk endometrial cancer (EC) frequently develops resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, leaving patients with limited therapeutic options. Recent studies have shown that HER2 expression spans a broad spectrum of endometrial cancers, extending beyond HER2-amplified tumors, while functional homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) represents an additional therapeutic vulnerability in a substantial subset of cases. We hypothesized that combining the PARP inhibitor niraparib with the HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate SYD985 (trastuzumab duocarmazine) could simultaneously exploit both therapeutic vulnerabilities and improve antitumor activity across molecularly diverse high-risk EC.

METHODS: A Mouse Clinical Trial (MCT) was conducted using a panel of 15 genomically and molecularly characterized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models representing all TCGA molecular subtypes of high-risk EC. Animals were randomized to receive vehicle, SYD985 (1 mg/kg, intravenous), niraparib (40-50 mg/kg, oral), the combination, or a control antibody-drug conjugate (SYD989). Antitumor efficacy was assessed by tumor growth, objective response rate, and overall survival. Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were integrated to identify molecular determinants of treatment response.

RESULTS: Genomic profiling confirmed faithful representation of all TCGA molecular subtypes and identified Mutational Signature 3 in HCN tumors, supporting the presence of functional HRD independently of canonical BRCA1/2 alterations. The combination of niraparib and SYD985 achieved a 60% complete response rate and an 87% overall objective response rate, outperforming both monotherapies across the entire panel, including HER2-low (IHC 1 +) tumors (83.3% objective response rate). Baseline transcriptomic profiling identified reduced Wnt signaling activity as a molecular feature associated with response to niraparib, whereas activation of the HER2/PI3K/AKT, RAS/MAPK, and JAK-STAT pathways characterized tumors responsive to SYD985 irrespective of HER2 amplification status. Tumors responding to the combination therapy exhibited convergence of these transcriptomic features, supporting complementary mechanisms underlying the enhanced therapeutic efficacy.

CONCLUSION: The combination of niraparib and SYD985 demonstrated broad antitumor activity across the molecular landscape of high-risk EC, including the clinically prevalent HER2-low population. These findings provide a strong preclinical rationale for the clinical evaluation of this chemotherapy-free targeted strategy.},
}

@article {pmid42547539,
year = {2026},
author = {Ditonno, F and Veccia, A and Bernardino, RM and Brunelli, M and Cindolo, L and Ferrari, G and Falagario, U and Nguyen, JK and Autorino, R and Bertolo, R and Antonelli, A},
title = {Prognostic value of cribriform pattern and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate after radical prostatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis using contemporary consensus recommendations.},
journal = {Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42547539},
issn = {1476-5608},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cribriform pattern (CP) and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) are recognised as adverse histopathological markers. However, their precise prognostic weight in the post-radical prostatectomy (RP) setting remains poorly standardised. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between CP/IDC-P and biochemical recurrence (BCR).

METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted for studies published from 2016 onwards, coinciding with the 2016 WHO and subsequent ISUP consensus recommendations. The primary endpoint was BCR. Hazard ratios (HR) were synthesised using random-effects models with restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation.

RESULTS: Eight retrospective studies were eligible for quantitative synthesis. The cumulative prevalence of CP/IDC-P was 27%. On univariable analysis, CP/IDC-P was significantly associated with BCR (HR: 2.76; 95% CI: 2.23-3.41). This association remained robust in multivariable models adjusting for pathological stage and Grade Group (HR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.44-4.67) and CAPRA-based preoperative frameworks (HR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.03-3.08). Isolated CP demonstrated a more stable prognostic signal (HR: 3.16) compared to IDC-P (HR: 4.24), the latter being characterised by wider prediction intervals. The main limitations include the retrospective nature of primary studies and the inherent risk of confounding.

CONCLUSIONS: CP and IDC-P are potent, independent predictors of BCR following RP. These findings support the mandatory reporting of such architectures according to ISUP standards and their integration into contemporary post-surgical risk-stratification algorithms to optimise follow-up and adjuvant therapy selection.},
}

@article {pmid42548369,
year = {2026},
author = {Bennji, SM and Allwood, B and Jayakrishnan, B and Al-Riyami, AB and Yahya, I and Al-Baimani, K and Basuoni, A},
title = {A 48-Year-Old Woman With Shortness of Breath and a Recent Diagnosis of Breast Cancer.},
journal = {CHEST pulmonary},
volume = {4},
number = {1},
pages = {100226},
pmid = {42548369},
issn = {2949-7892},
abstract = {A 48-year-old perimenopausal woman presented to our hospital in May 2024 with New York Heart Association functional class III dyspnea and a dry cough. Her symptoms had been ongoing for several months but worsened significantly in the weeks before admission. She reported fatigue but denied other constitutional symptoms such as fever, weight loss, or night sweats. There was no orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and she was not taking any medications at the time. She had recently been diagnosed with treatment naïve de novo metastatic left breast cancer, stage cT4bN3cM1, with metastasis to the lungs, liver, bilateral ovaries, and bones. The pathology confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma, grade 1, with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor positivity and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative status. On presentation, she had not yet received any cancer treatment.},
}

@article {pmid42540619,
year = {2026},
author = {Valls-Chiva, A and Hornos, F and Hueso, JL and Martín-Pardillos, A and Santamaria, J},
title = {Immobilization of glucose oxidase and catalase on magnetite nanoparticles as functional catalyst supports.},
journal = {Journal of materials chemistry. C},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42540619},
issn = {2050-7526},
abstract = {In this work, we have prepared magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) to obtain a positively charged surface and showed their suitability as functional supports to successfully immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. We have compared two immobilization strategies, namely electrostatic binding and covalent attachment mediated by glutaraldehyde cross-linking. To quantify the amount of immobilized enzyme (q max), we have developed a methodological approach that minimizes the dependence of the q max value on the equilibrium constant of the adsorption process (K). Catalytic studies showed high retention of enzymatic activity (100% for covalent binding and 75% for electrostatic binding), indicating that the immobilization protocol preserves the native conformation of the enzyme. Furthermore, the covalent strategy demonstrated stable binding even when the nanohybrid was subjected to extreme conditions (pH 3), retaining 91% of the enzyme on the surface, compared to 6% when immobilized electrostatically. These results highlight the importance of surface engineering in the design of magnetic biocatalysts for potential application in starvation or oxygen generation therapies.},
}

@article {pmid42538174,
year = {2026},
author = {Antar, RM and Xu, VE and Azar, WS and Mendhiratta, N and Whalen, MJ},
title = {Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate does not independently predict adverse outcomes after radical prostatectomy: A National Cancer Database analysis.},
journal = {Urologic oncology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.urolonc.2026.07.012},
pmid = {42538174},
issn = {1873-2496},
abstract = {PURPOSE: Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is associated with adverse features, yet whether it independently predicts poor outcomes or merely co-segregates with high-grade disease remains unresolved. We evaluated IDC-P's independent prognostic contribution to adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy (RP).

METHODS: We utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate patients with cT1-4N0M0 prostate cancer (CaP) that underwent RP (n = 551,304 adenocarcinoma; n = 1,353 IDC-P). Temporal trends in IDC-P incidence were assessed by logistic regression. A restricted analytic cohort (n = 98 IDC-P, n = 14,628 adenocarcinoma) with complete Gleason Grade Group and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) data was used for multivariable logistic regression evaluating predictors of adverse pathology (≥pT3, ≥pN1, or positive surgical margins). Model discrimination was compared using C-statistics and likelihood ratio testing. Unadjusted overall survival (OS) was performed by an exploratory Kaplan-Meier analysis.

RESULTS: IDC-P incidence increased 6% annually (OR 1.060; P < 0.001). IDC-P patients more frequently harbored Gleason Grade Group 4 to 5 disease (66.4% vs. 26.5%), ≥pT3 pathology (75.5% vs. 55.3%), and positive surgical margins (44.9% vs. 35.4%; all P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, IDC-P histology did not independently predict adverse pathology (aOR 1.066; P = 0.801). Adding IDC-P did not improve model discrimination (C-statistic 0.705 vs. 0.705; likelihood ratio P = 0.800). IDC-P patients had worse unadjusted median OS (183.0 vs. 197.6 months; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: IDC-P is rising in incidence and strongly associated with high-grade, advanced-stage disease, but does not independently predict adverse pathologic outcomes at RP after adjustment for Gleason Grade Group, clinical stage, and PSA. These findings suggest IDC-P may function primarily as a as a surrogate marker of aggressive disease biology.},
}

@article {pmid42539508,
year = {2026},
author = {Brugés, R and Ramos, P and Lombana, M and Osma, A and Llinás, N and Cuello, J and Yepes, A and Manneh, R and Coronel, A and Granadillo, R and López, C and Osorio, Á and Santa, D and Arango, N and Mantilla, W and Gómez, D},
title = {Molecular testing, first-line treatment patterns, and survival in metastatic Colombian non-small cell lung cancer: the RECAPC multicenter registry.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1863940},
doi = {10.3389/fonc.2026.1863940},
pmid = {42539508},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Molecular profiling and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status guide first-line treatment selection in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, yet real-world testing, treatment delivery, and documentation vary across health systems. We described molecular testing documentation, first-line treatment patterns, safety capture, and survival outcomes in a Colombian multicenter registry cohort.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective registry-based cohort study using the RECAPC central repository. Data extraction was finalized on October 10, 2025 (registry cutoff). The analytic cohort included patients with metastatic-at-diagnosis disease. Driver status was summarized using a prespecified mutually exclusive cascade (EGFR/ALK altered; Other actionable altered; no driver detected; not tested/unknown). First-line treatment was classified into five categories. Overall survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier methods and modeled using Cox regression. Safety variables were obtained as binary indicators by treatment line.

RESULTS: The cohort included 585 patients; mean age was 72.0 years and 52.0% were female. Driver groups were EGFR/ALK altered (32.8%), Other actionable altered (4.6%), no driver detected (15.0%), and not tested/unknown (47.5%). First-line therapy was chemotherapy alone (34.4%), chemo-immunotherapy (21.0%), immunotherapy alone (3.9%), targeted therapy (26.7%), and not reported (14.0%). PD-L1 expression was <1% in 149 patients (25.5%), 1-49% in 119 (20.3%), and ≥50% in 74 (12.6%); testing was not performed in 156 (26.7%), and data were missing in 87 (14.9%). Among 342 patients with an interpretable PD-L1 result, 193 (56.4%) had PD-L1 ≥1% and 74 (21.6%) had PD-L1 ≥50%. Overall survival was evaluable in 490 patients with 229 deaths; median follow-up was 34.99 months. Survival differed by driver group (log-rank P < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, not tested/unknown remained associated with higher mortality versus EGFR/ALK altered (hazard ratio 2.26; 95% CI, 1.62-3.16; P < 0.001). Age, expressed per 10-year increase, was also associated with mortality (hazard ratio 1.28; 95% CI, 1.10-1.48; P < 0.001), as was ECOG performance status 2 (hazard ratio 1.76; 95% CI, 1.10-2.81; P = 0.02). No PD-L1 category was independently associated with overall survival relative to <1%. A single cutaneous adverse event was recorded in one patient receiving targeted therapy.

CONCLUSIONS: In this Colombian registry cohort, incomplete molecular characterization and missing first-line regimen documentation were common. In this setting, missing regimen data likely reflect both incomplete capture and discontinuities across care pathways. Findings should be interpreted as observational associations rather than causal effects.},
}

@article {pmid42528631,
year = {2026},
author = {Lv, L and Wang, X and Zhu, X},
title = {Case Report: Colonic metastasis from mixed breast carcinoma masquerading as abemaciclib-associated diarrhea.},
journal = {Frontiers in oncology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1802301},
pmid = {42528631},
issn = {2234-943X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) demonstrates a distinctive propensity for gastrointestinal metastasis that differs from invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). In mixed breast carcinomas, intratumoral heterogeneity poses challenges for disease surveillance and treatment assessment. Moreover, gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors, such as abemaciclib, may lead to diagnostic overshadowing, potentially delaying recognition of metastatic disease.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 68-year-old woman with mixed IDC and ILC underwent mastectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Histopathological evaluation revealed significant heterogeneity, with a luminal A IDC component and a triple-negative ILC component, the latter involving axillary lymph node metastases. During treatment with letrozole and abemaciclib, the patient developed progressive abdominal pain accompanied by rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, which were initially attributed to treatment-related toxicity. While bone metastases with a luminal phenotype remained radiographically stable, colonoscopy revealed an obstructing lesion in the descending colon. Biopsy confirmed metastatic carcinoma with a triple-negative profile (GATA3-positive, CDX2-negative), consistent with the primary ILC component and distinct from the bone metastases.

CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights that persistent or evolving gastrointestinal symptoms during CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy warrant thorough evaluation for metastatic disease, particularly in patients with ILC. It also suggests that aggressive minor components in mixed tumors may have important clinical and prognostic implications. It emphasizes the importance of re-biopsy to identify phenotypic discordance and current therapeutic targets, informing timely and appropriate modifications to the treatment strategy.},
}

@article {pmid42534711,
year = {2026},
author = {Tsilingiris, D and Schmalzridt, D and Eldesouky, O and Kalb, F and Flegka, V and von Rauchhaupt, E and Hoefer, T and Kopf, S and Fleming, T and Herzig, S and Hohneck, A and Szendroedi, J and Kender, Z},
title = {Reduced heart rate variability predicts incident diabetic polyneuropathy.},
journal = {Frontiers in endocrinology},
volume = {17},
number = {},
pages = {1880532},
pmid = {42534711},
issn = {1664-2392},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Diabetic Neuropathies/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis/etiology ; *Heart Rate/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Male ; *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/physiopathology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Aged ; Incidence ; Prognosis ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) predict the development of distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN) in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM).

METHODS: A total of 288 individuals with DM (mean age 58.1 ± 13.4 years, 41.3% women, 78.5% with type 2 diabetes) underwent baseline assessment of CAN using cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests and HRV indices (CVRR, rMSSD, high- and low-frequency power). DSPN was characterized using three definitions: (i) clinical criteria based on symptoms and signs, (ii) the sensory-loss phenotype derived from quantitative sensory testing, and (iii) the Toronto consensus definition requiring abnormal nerve conduction plus symptoms or signs. A total of 194 participants without DSPN at baseline were followed for 3.0 ± 1.3 years to assess incident DSPN.

RESULTS: At baseline, CAN prevalence was 16.3%, and low HRV indices were present in 18.6-40.2% of participants. DSPN prevalence was 27.7%, 17.6%, and 20.8% for definitions (i), (ii), and (iii), respectively. Cross-sectionally, CAN and reduced HRV were associated with DSPN (unadjusted ORs 1.8-4.0), with associations largely persisting after adjustment. Incident DSPN occurred at 8.4, 5.7, and 3.3 per 100 person-years. Baseline CAN independently predicted incident DSPN (adjusted HRs 6.20, 3.30, and 7.33 across definitions). Lower rMSSD, HF power, and LF power predicted incident DSPN according to definitions (i) and (iii), whereas reduced CVRR predicted DSPN defined by criteria (ii).

CONCLUSIONS: Established CAN is a strong predictor of future DSPN. Reduced HRV provides a practical, accessible alternative marker for identifying individuals at elevated neuropathy risk.},
}

Humans
Female
*Diabetic Neuropathies/epidemiology/physiopathology/diagnosis/etiology
*Heart Rate/physiology
Middle Aged
Male
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/physiopathology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Aged
Incidence
Prognosis

@article {pmid42535126,
year = {2026},
author = {Asaka, Y and Kinoshita, H and Matsuda, H and Henmi, S and Kikukawa, Y and Gose, A and Nishimoto, M and Kochi, A and Watanabe, C and Takada, K and Tauchi, Y and Ogisawa, K and Morisaki, T and Kohashi, K and Kashiwagi, S},
title = {Improvement of Suspected Paraneoplastic Large-Vessel Vasculitis after Breast Cancer Resection: A Case Report.},
journal = {Surgical case reports},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42535126},
issn = {2198-7793},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Paraneoplastic vasculitis is an uncommon manifestation of malignancy and has been reported mainly in association with lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and hematologic malignancies. Breast cancer-associated vasculitis is rare, and presentation as large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) is particularly uncommon. We report a rare case of suspected paraneoplastic LVV occurring concurrently with breast cancer, in which inflammatory activity stabilized after surgical resection of the primary tumor.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 54-year-old woman presented with pain in the left upper limb and left thigh. CT suggested left breast cancer with ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis. PET/CT showed fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the left breast lesion and left axillary lymph node, as well as in multiple large vessels, including the carotid arteries, subclavian arteries, aorta, iliac arteries, and femoral arteries. Laboratory testing revealed an elevated C-reactive protein level of 10.93 mg/dL, whereas immunoglobulin A and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies were within the normal ranges. There was no evidence of infection, autoimmune disease, or drug-induced vasculitis. Because breast cancer-associated paraneoplastic LVV was suspected, prednisolone was initiated at 30 mg/day, resulting in rapid improvement in symptoms and inflammatory response. The patient subsequently underwent breast-conserving surgery with axillary lymph node dissection while receiving prednisolone at 15 mg/day. Pathological examination revealed invasive ductal carcinoma, pT1c pN1 cM0, stage IIA, luminal A subtype. After surgery, prednisolone was tapered to 5 mg/day without recurrence of vasculitis, and inflammatory activity remained controlled during follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: LVV occurring concurrently with newly diagnosed breast cancer may represent a paraneoplastic manifestation after exclusion of autoimmune, infectious, and drug-induced causes. This case suggests that tumor resection may contribute to stabilization of inflammatory activity by reducing tumor-related antigenic or cytokine-mediated stimulation. Surgical treatment may therefore have a potential role not only in local oncological control but also in the management of paraneoplastic immune dysregulation in selected patients with resectable breast cancer.},
}

@article {pmid42537042,
year = {2026},
author = {Morais, JE and Barbosa, TM},
title = {Why Swimmers Go Faster: Discriminating Swimming Velocity Using Propulsive Force and Arms Coordination.},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000005634},
pmid = {42537042},
issn = {1533-4287},
support = {UID/06157/2025//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; },
abstract = {Morais, JE and Barbosa, TM. Why swimmers go faster: Discriminating swimming velocity using propulsive force and arms coordination. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2026-The aim of this study was to determine whether propulsive force (PF) was associated with changes in the index of coordination (IdC) and whether both metrics were associated with swimming velocity in the front crawl stroke. The sample comprised 12 swimmers (9 males and 3 females) with an average age of 17.5 ± 1.2 years. Two swimming paces were considered: 200- and 50-m (all-out) paces. A univariate general linear model was used to examine the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variables, and effect sizes (Cohen's d and eta square-η2) were also calculated. Swimming velocity (p < 0.001, d = 2.02) and PF (p < 0.001, d = 1.71) increased between 200- and 50-m pace. The IdC changed between paces (p < 0.001, d = 3.16), shifting from a catch-up to superposition mode. The IdC model retained the PF as a predictor (p = 0.026, η2 = 0.21). The swimming velocity model retained the PF (p = 0.004, η2 = 0.35) and IdC (p = 0.050, η2 = 0.18) as predictors. Altogether, these findings indicate that greater PF and a superposition IdC were responsible for the fastest velocities. Coaches and researchers should be aware that increasing PF will promote a change in the swimmers' IdC (less time between propulsive phases), ultimately allowing swimmers to achieve the fastest velocities.},
}

@article {pmid42537354,
year = {2026},
author = {Yan, X and Zhang, X and Ye, X and Chen, J and Wang, T and Du, M and Bai, H},
title = {Prioritizing harm reduction in instant delivery crashes: Predictors of pedestrian injury severity and targeted interventions.},
journal = {Injury},
volume = {57},
number = {10},
pages = {113533},
doi = {10.1016/j.injury.2026.113533},
pmid = {42537354},
issn = {1879-0267},
abstract = {Instant delivery crashes (IDCs) pose a growing public health challenge. Standard crash databases rarely capture the fine-grained variables necessary to model severe pedestrian disability. To address this gap, we analyzed a sample of 732 adjudicated court verdicts involving pedestrian-IDC collisions. This specific data source captures a highly selected subset of litigated, severe events rather than the broader crash population. We applied a Hierarchical Generalized Ordered Probit (HGOP) model. This framework accommodates the ordinal nature of disability grades and unobserved age-related heterogeneity. To achieve model convergence, we consolidated fatalities and severe disabilities into a single highest-severity category. Our modeling reveals that older pedestrian age (65-74 years) and motorbike involvement strongly predict higher-grade disability. Conversely, female pedestrians and winter conditions correlate with lower injury severity. We also identified a negative monotonic association between rider liability and pedestrian injury grade. As legal rider responsibility increased, the predicted severity of pedestrian injuries systematically decreased. Lacking direct kinematic data, we hypothesize this liability association reflects distinct conflict typologies rather than direct physical causation. Translating these findings into effective harm reduction requires a two-tiered approach. Our statistical estimates directly support physical interventions, including age-proofed infrastructure and targeted motorbike regulations. Simultaneously, our descriptive behavioral data align with existing literature to advocate for platform governance reforms addressing algorithmic deadlines. Ultimately, these observational findings carry strict inferential boundaries. They apply exclusively to litigated crash populations and highlight the critical need for integrated clinical and kinetic data in future research.},
}

@article {pmid42527787,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhang, B},
title = {A Bounded Public DICOM Metadata Audit for UDI-DICOM Evidence Readiness in Medical Imaging Workflows.},
journal = {Journal of imaging informatics in medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42527787},
issn = {2948-2933},
abstract = {The objective of this study is to assess whether selected public Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) archive series contain archive-observable equipment-identity and Unique Device Identification (UDI)-related metadata needed for a bounded UDI-DICOM evidence-readiness workflow. We performed a metadata-only audit of DICOM headers without loading Pixel Data. The inferential unit was the selected public series, not each instance. The primary Imaging Data Commons (IDC) sample used one selected public series per successful collection, yielding 442 readable instances across 12 selected series. A supplementary sample from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) added one selected TCGA-BRCA MR series with 49 readable instances. Synthetic controls, local Orthanc/DICOMweb metadata retrieval, and a Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) publication view tested covered software routes. At the selected-series level, a covered standard UDI-related signal was observed in 0/12 IDC series and 0/1 TCIA series. Within scanned records, manufacturer/model appeared in 442/442 IDC and 49/49 TCIA records; serial number appeared in 246/442 IDC and 0/49 TCIA records. Unique Device Identifier, UDI Sequence, and contributing-equipment UDI signal were 0/442 in IDC and 0/49 in TCIA. Synthetic controls detected covered UDI patterns; Orthanc/FHIR local round-trips passed. Basic equipment descriptors were available in selected public archive series, but no covered standard UDI-related signal was observed in the covered standard fields and sequence paths. The result is descriptive and may reflect de-identification, export, curation, or acquisition-era effects; it is not clinical, regulatory, real-device, or deployment validation.},
}

@article {pmid42528050,
year = {2026},
author = {Vazquez de Santos, M and Weber, T and Rand, F and Montgomery, A and Dale, P},
title = {Longitudinal Patient-Reported Outcomes and Early Provider-Rated Cosmetic Associations Following Intraoperative Radiation Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.},
journal = {The American surgeon},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {31348261472846},
doi = {10.1177/00031348261472846},
pmid = {42528050},
issn = {1555-9823},
abstract = {BackgroundIntraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is an accepted alternative to whole-breast irradiation for select patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery. While oncologic and cosmetic outcomes have been well described, longitudinal psychosocial outcomes and their relationship to cosmetic recovery remain incompletely characterized.MethodsWe conducted a prospective single-center cohort study of women with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma undergoing lumpectomy with IORT between 2019 and 2025. Participants completed the externally validated Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B version 4) questionnaire preoperatively and at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Cosmetic outcomes were independently assessed by both patients and surgeons. Associations between scar appearance and well-being domains were evaluated using non-parametric correlation analysis.Results94 patients underwent IORT, with 88 (92.6%) completing at least one postoperative survey. Overall quality of life scores remained stable over time, with a modest improvement in emotional well-being at 12 months (mean change +1.68, 95% CI 0.45-2.91). No statistically significant changes were observed in physical, social, or functional domains. Patient-reported scar scores demonstrated transient worsening at 6 months with return toward baseline by 12 months, while provider-rated scar scores improved over time. At 6 months, worse provider-rated scar appearance was associated with lower physical (r = -0.403, P = 0.050) and social well-being (r = -0.441, P = 0.033).ConclusionsPatient-reported quality of life remained stable following IORT, with modest improvement in emotional well-being. Early provider-rated cosmetic appearance demonstrated meaningful associations with physical and social well-being during survivorship, suggesting clinician-assessed cosmetic recovery may provide additional insights into postoperative recovery beyond self-assessment. These findings are descriptive and hypothesis-generating and warrant confirmation in comparative studies.},
}

@article {pmid42521593,
year = {2026},
author = {Gendler, S and Sarfaty, E and Talmy, T and , and Givon, A and Schrier, I},
title = {Abdominal trauma and laparotomy in wartime civilian and military casualties: A National Registry Study.},
journal = {Injury},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {113535},
doi = {10.1016/j.injury.2026.113535},
pmid = {42521593},
issn = {1879-0267},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Combat-related abdominal trauma remains a major challenge in modern warfare, typically resulting from high-energy penetrating injuries. Studying injury patterns provides insight into surgical decision-making. This study aimed to characterize abdominal trauma sustained during the conflict and identify predictors for laparotomy.

METHODS: Retrospective nationwide cohort study was conducted using the Israeli National Trauma Registry. Patients with abdominal trauma between October 7, 2023, and May 31, 2024, during the Swords of Iron War were included and classified into laparotomy and non-laparotomy groups. Military and civilian casualties were compared. The primary outcome was mortality; secondary outcomes included ICU admission and rehabilitation discharge. A multivariable regression model was constructed to identify variables associated with the need for laparotomy.

RESULTS: Of 2422 trauma patients, 561 (23%) sustained abdominal injuries, and 140 (25%) underwent laparotomy. Compared with non-laparotomy patients, laparotomy patients had higher rates of penetrating trauma (92.1% vs 84.6%, p = 0.030), hypotension (16.2% vs 1.5%, p < 0.001), and Injury Severity Score >25 (46.4% vs 13%, p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in the laparotomy group (7.9% vs 2.4%, p = 0.007). Multivariable regression identified increasing injury severity, small bowel injury (OR 7.08, 95% CI 3.66-14.05), colon injury (OR 6.10, 95% CI 3.00-12.92), liver injury (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.69-7.66), and retroperitoneal hemorrhage (OR 5.26, 95% CI 2.11-14.26) as independent variables associated with undergoing laparotomy. In univariable analyses among laparotomy patients, abdominal vascular injury was associated with mortality (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.22-18.07), while ISS >=16 (OR 7.54, 95% CI 2.75-20.68), abdominal vascular injury (OR 11.81, 95% CI 1.52-91.59) and colonic injury (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.17-5.31) were associated with ICU admission.

CONCLUSION: In this cohort of modern warfare casualties, abdominal trauma was common, and one-quarter of these patients required laparotomy. Despite high injury severity, in-hospital mortality remained relatively low. Small bowel, colonic, liver, and retroperitoneal injuries, together with increasing injury severity, were independently associated with the need for laparotomy. These findings underscore the surgical burden of abdominal trauma in conflict and may help guide triage and management in both military and civilian trauma systems.},
}

@article {pmid42526270,
year = {2026},
author = {Mohakud, S and Pavithra, S and Naik, S and Mishra, P and Muduly, DK and Kumar, P and Majumdar, SKD and Bhaduri, S and Swain, PK and Korrapati, B},
title = {Evaluating the utility of qualitative and quantitative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in distinguishing luminal and nonluminal breast cancer subtypes.},
journal = {Clinical radiology},
volume = {100},
number = {},
pages = {107426},
doi = {10.1016/j.crad.2026.107426},
pmid = {42526270},
issn = {1365-229X},
abstract = {AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of multiparametric breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters to noninvasively distinguish luminal and nonluminal subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective single-centre study included 102 newly diagnosed cases of breast IDC who underwent 3T multiparametric MRI. They were categorised into luminal (A and B subtypes) and nonluminal (HER2-enriched and triple-negative subtypes) groups based on immunohistochemistry. MRI included T1WI, T2WI, subtraction images, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and MR spectroscopy (MRS). Morphological, semiquantitative, and quantitative DCE parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, and the MRS choline peak were studied. Statistical comparisons were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and logistic regression.

RESULTS: Forty-eight (47.1%) patients had luminal and 54 (52.9%) had nonluminal tumours. Luminal tumours were usually irregular with spiculated margins and heterogeneous enhancement, while nonluminal tumours showed circumscribed margins, rim enhancement, perilesional oedema, and axillary lymphadenopathy. Nonluminal tumours demonstrated higher Ktrans, signal enhancement ratio (SER), and maximum slope of increase values, lower Ve and ADC values, and a more frequent choline peak. On multivariate regression, perilesional oedema (odds ratio [OR]: 6.7), low Ve (OR: 0.032), and high SER (OR: 1.046) were independent predictors of the nonluminal subtype, and together they achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 (confidence interval 95%), with a sensitivity of 87%, and a specificity of 86%.

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the potential utility of multiparametric MRI in providing noninvasive markers for distinguishing luminal from nonluminal breast cancers, supporting its role as an adjunct to histopathology for personalised treatment and prognostication.; however, external validation is required before clinical implementation.},
}

@article {pmid42527070,
year = {2026},
author = {Chung, Y and Kim, HS and DO, SI},
title = {Aberrant E-cadherin Expression in Invasive Ductal and Mixed Ductal-Lobular Breast Carcinomas.},
journal = {Anticancer research},
volume = {46},
number = {8},
pages = {4345-4356},
doi = {10.21873/anticanres.18292},
pmid = {42527070},
issn = {1791-7530},
mesh = {Humans ; *Cadherins/metabolism ; Female ; *Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/metabolism ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism ; *Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Aged ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Adult ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND/AIM: Loss of E-cadherin expression is a hallmark of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, whereas invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and mixed ductal-lobular carcinoma (MDLC) show heterogeneous expression patterns. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate aberrant E-cadherin expression in IDC and MDLC and to assess its clinicopathological significance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin was performed in 47 IDC and 32 MDLC cases. Aberrant expression was defined as any of the following: non-classical membranous patterns (fragmented, focal, beaded, or weak), complete loss of membranous staining, or ectopic cytoplasmic/nuclear localization. For each case, the proportion of tumor area showing aberrant E-cadherin expression was quantified and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.

RESULTS: In IDC and MDLC, the optimal cutoff value for high aberrant E-cadherin expression was 30%, yielding the highest Youden index (0.264), with a sensitivity of 0.500 and specificity of 0.764. High aberrant E-cadherin expression was observed in 25 tumors (31.6%) and was significantly associated with larger tumor size (p=0.005) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.040).

CONCLUSION: A high proportion of aberrant E-cadherin expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological features - including increased tumor size and lymph node metastasis - in IDC and MDLC. However, as it did not remain an independent predictor in multivariate analysis, its quantitative assessment may serve as a supplementary indicator of tumor aggressiveness rather than an independent prognostic marker, and further large-scale studies are required for validation.},
}

Humans
*Cadherins/metabolism
Female
*Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology/metabolism
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism
*Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology/metabolism
Middle Aged
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
Aged
Lymphatic Metastasis
Immunohistochemistry
Adult
Neoplasm Invasiveness

@article {pmid42507028,
year = {2026},
author = {Schwartz, AM and Loving, VA},
title = {Paget Disease of the Breast: MR Imaging Findings with Clinical and Pathologic Correlation.},
journal = {Journal of breast imaging},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jbi/wbag044},
pmid = {42507028},
issn = {2631-6129},
}