@article {pmid40840011,
year = {2025},
author = {Thomas, KA and Jackman, RP},
title = {Potential immune consequences of cold-stored platelet transfusion.},
journal = {Current opinion in immunology},
volume = {96},
number = {},
pages = {102645},
doi = {10.1016/j.coi.2025.102645},
pmid = {40840011},
issn = {1879-0372},
abstract = {The rising interest in using cold-stored platelets (CSP) for improving outcomes in patients with active bleeding has led to multiple clinical trials with the goal of determining the in vivo hemostatic efficacy of CSP compared to standard-of-care room temperature-stored platelets. These trials are concentrated predominantly on safety and hemostatic efficacy measurements in response to therapeutic transfusion with CSP, with safety focused on the usual immune-mediated adverse reactions associated with transfusion, such as allergic and alloimmune reactions. However, given the established relationship between thrombosis and inflammation/immune activation as seen in atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease, and infection (to include the recent COVID-19 pandemic), the goal of this review is to highlight additional mechanisms by which CSP may potentiate or dampen immune activity in the context of therapeutic CSP transfusion in actively bleeding patients, thus highlighting areas of future research.},
}

@article {pmid40839983,
year = {2025},
author = {Ramacciati, N and Morales Palomares, S},
title = {Violence towards emergency nurses: an update of a narrative review of theories and frameworks.},
journal = {International emergency nursing},
volume = {82},
number = {},
pages = {101661},
doi = {10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101661},
pmid = {40839983},
issn = {1878-013X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Workplace violence (WPV) in emergency departments (EDs) remains a growing concern worldwide, necessitating updated theoretical perspectives. A 2018 review identified 24 frameworks, but ongoing healthcare challenges, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, warrant a re-examination and expansion of these models.

METHODS: A narrative review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and ProQuest databases for studies published from 2017 onward, focusing on theoretical frameworks explaining WPV in EDs.

RESULTS: The 18 included studies in this review introduce novel or refined theories addressing psychosocial, organizational, and environmental factors that trigger or mitigate WPV. Frameworks range from physiological deterioration and psychosocial moderation to architectural design and resilience-based models. These comprehensive approaches reflect a growing consensus on the need for integrated, multilevel interventions.

CONCLUSIONS: Contemporary theories underscore WPV as a multifactorial issue requiring solutions that go beyond single-factor models. By examining the broader interplay among patients, staff, organizational, and environmental determinants, these frameworks offer valuable insights for more effective, holistic WPV prevention and management strategies in EDs.},
}

@article {pmid40839011,
year = {2025},
author = {Gamus, A and Chodick, G and Blachar, Y and Shalom, T},
title = {Triadic Model of Assisted Telemedicine: Review of Adoption Challenges Globally and in Israel.},
journal = {Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1177/15305627251370936},
pmid = {40839011},
issn = {1556-3669},
abstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the global adoption of telemedicine; however, the triadic model of assisted remote care, where nursing assistants or caregivers facilitate patient interaction with remote physicians, remains underutilized. This narrative review examines the challenges and opportunities associated with assisted telemedicine globally, with a particular focus on the Israeli health care system. Emphasis is placed on health care providers' attitudes, as well as the competencies and training required for effective care delivery within this model. Methods: The review of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar publications was conducted from 2015 to 2025. Results: Evidence suggests that assisted telemedicine contributes to improved patient outcomes, including reduced hospitalizations and mortality among those with chronic conditions. In Israel, despite a robust digital infrastructure, the health care system faces professional shortages, particularly in nursing and secondary care. While current remote services are mostly phone-based, studies indicate that the triadic model of assisted care can enhance diagnostic accuracy, streamline physician workflows, and improve continuity of care. Conclusions: The triadic model of assisted telemedicine holds considerable potential for equitable, efficient, and high-quality care. Its success relies on the establishment of clear protocols, robust technological platforms, ethical safeguards, and comprehensive training initiatives for all participants involved.},
}

@article {pmid40838527,
year = {2025},
author = {Chiu, CSL and Gerrits, W and Guglielmo, M and Cramer, MJ and van der Harst, P and van Es, R and Meine, M},
title = {From Clinic to Cloud: Efficacy of AI-Assisted Remote Monitoring of Patients With Implantable Cardiac Devices.},
journal = {Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/pace.70036},
pmid = {40838527},
issn = {1540-8159},
abstract = {The integration of telehealth, particularly remote monitoring (RM), has profoundly improved the care of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). The recent COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the adoption of RM systems. The implementation of RM to standard clinical care has been accompanied by a surge of device transmissions. Especially unscheduled transmissions have resulted in an overwhelming workload for clinicians. As the number of device transmissions is expected to increase further while clinical resources remain limited, workflow optimization is crucial. Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising solution. This review outlines recent advances in RM and AI applications for CIEDs. It explores the potential of AI to streamline RM workflows, reduce clinician workload, and enhance heart failure care by enabling early detection of clinical deterioration and timely intervention. In addition, key barriers to implementation are addressed, including data standardization and regulatory considerations. Beyond improving monitoring efficiency and patient outcomes, AI-supported RM may also help expand access to care through more effective resource allocation and contribute to a more sustainable, future-proof healthcare system.},
}

@article {pmid40838034,
year = {2025},
author = {Gunawan, VJ and Siregar, FR and Vidiasratri, AR and Hanindriyo, L},
title = {The Role of Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone Iodine (PVP-I) in Preventing Cross-Infection during Dental Procedures: A Systematic Review in the COVID-19 Context.},
journal = {Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry},
volume = {15},
number = {3},
pages = {197-210},
pmid = {40838034},
issn = {2231-0762},
abstract = {AIM: As the dental community navigates the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, mitigating the risk of viral cross-transmission among dentists and dental clinic operators remains paramount. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine (PVP-I) has emerged as a promising agent in reducing the chance of cross-transmission, primarily through its broad-spectrum antiseptic properties and ability to kill viruses rapidly. This study aimed to explore the role of PVP-I in preventing cross-infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and assess its effectiveness as a prophylaxis before dental treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search of multiple databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Sage Journal, Cochrane, and Wiley Online Library, was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study selection process utilized the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design framework (P: SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals, I: PVP-I mouthwash, C: various PVP-I concentrations, O: virucidal effect, S: randomized-controlled trials and clinical trials). Titles and abstracts were screened for relevance, and full-text articles were assessed for eligibility based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2 for randomized controlled trials and Toxicological Data Reliability Assessment Tool for in vitro studies. A total of 11 articles (seven in vitro and four in vivo) were included in the systematic review.

RESULTS: Our findings suggest that PVP-I exhibits superior antiseptic properties compared to other agents, with gargling using PVP-I solutions of 0.2% and 0.5% demonstrating significant efficacy in reducing viral load in saliva. Notably, PVP-I showed rapid virucidal action, effectively reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral particles and potentially lowering the risk of cross-infection during dental procedures. However, despite these promising results in viral reduction, the evidence remains insufficient to definitively recommend PVP-I as a routine clinical prophylaxis for preventing cross-infection in dental care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further large-scale clinical trials are necessary to establish its widespread use.

CONCLUSION: This systematic review highlights the potential of PVP-I as a critical antiseptic in dental settings to mitigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The rapid and significant reduction in viral load suggests that PVP-I could play a pivotal role in infection control protocols. Nonetheless, further robust clinical trials are essential to confirm its efficacy and guide its adoption in routine dental care practices.},
}

@article {pmid40838007,
year = {2025},
author = {Arioua, A and Shaw, D},
title = {The burden of thalassemia disorder: Past and present: The feedback of patients experience in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.},
journal = {Asian journal of transfusion science},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {125-129},
pmid = {40838007},
issn = {0973-6247},
abstract = {Thalassemia is a genetic blood condition and one of the emerging global public health concerns in the world, with an estimated prevalence of 300,000,000. The genes controlling hemoglobin production are affected, leading to an anemia of variable severity. Carriers of this hereditary anemia are found globally, but a high frequency is observed around the Mediterranean basin, in the Middle East, in the Indian subcontinent, and in Southeast Asia, so called the thalassemia belt. This article aims to review the history and factors of spreading of thalassemia, to identify the burden of the disease on individuals, population, and public health, and the issues that thalassemia patients have experienced during the pandemic of COVID-19. Online literature and previous studies on the disease are used to prepare this article. We identified various factors that have contributed to the spread of thalassemia in the last decades and affected the health condition of individuals and population. The recent worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 worsened the situation and made it more complicated for most patients, especially in the emerging countries.},
}

@article {pmid40837898,
year = {2025},
author = {Khanani, MI and Khan, MR and Farooqi, MF and Fazal, J and Aabideen, Z and Alkuwaiti, NS},
title = {Digital Media Use and Screen Time Exposure Among Youths: A Lifestyle-Based Public Health Concern.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {17},
number = {7},
pages = {e88373},
pmid = {40837898},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The pervasive rise of digital media and screen-based entertainment has transformed the developmental landscape for children and adolescents. The COVID-19 pandemic further amplified screen exposure, exacerbating public health concerns. While digital media offers educational, social, and recreational benefits, growing concerns have emerged regarding its adverse health outcomes. Several international guidelines recommend limited screen time particularly for children under five; however, adherence remains inconsistent. This review combines recent global data and research findings to examine the physical, mental, cognitive, developmental, and emotional health consequences of digital media use and excessive screen time among youth. Physical effects include increased risks of obesity, sleep disturbances, visual impairments, and musculoskeletal pain, particularly with prolonged sedentary behaviors. Mental health outcomes are equally concerning, with excessive screen exposure associated with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and, alarmingly, self-harm and suicidal tendencies. Screen time exceeding 2-4 hours per day is consistently linked with increased cognitive and developmental health risks, though the threshold for harm remains debated. Despite some potential benefits of high-quality, interactive content, the evidence highlights the need for balanced media use, age-appropriate limits, and active parental guidance. By integrating findings from international studies and public health recommendations, this review provides a comprehensive foundation for clinicians, educators, and policymakers to develop targeted strategies that promote healthier digital behaviors in children and adolescents.},
}

@article {pmid40837807,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, CQ and Woo, BKP},
title = {Mental health of older Asian Americans: Current issues, updates, and future directions.},
journal = {World journal of psychiatry},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {106806},
pmid = {40837807},
issn = {2220-3206},
abstract = {As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly, understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical. This literature review summarizes current issues, developments, and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years. We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups. Additionally, we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019, racism, social support, cultural stigma, and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population. We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans. We conclude with thoughts for future research, emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies, consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups, and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.},
}

@article {pmid40837720,
year = {2025},
author = {Sabetrohani, H and Koohpayehzadeh, J and Sheikhtaheri, A and Goli, S and Abhari, MB and Keramat, A},
title = {Virtual-Based Prenatal Care Methods and Their Reported Outcomes-A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Health science reports},
volume = {8},
number = {8},
pages = {e71150},
pmid = {40837720},
issn = {2398-8835},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of virtual technologies in prenatal care has significantly increased, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the implications of this approach remain a topic of discussion. This review aimed to categorize virtual-based prenatal care methods and their reported clinical and nonclinical outcomes.

METHODS: This scoping review was conducted by searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, SID, Irandoc, Magiran databases, and Google Scholar search engine from January 2005 to February 2021 and completed until December 2023. Our included studies were quantitative and review studies in English that mentioned virtual prenatal care and related outcomes. We followed the narrative approach for presenting and synthesizing results and PRISMA-ScR guidelines for the accompanying explanation.

RESULTS: After retrieving 1324 studies and removing duplicates, 35 articles were reviewed. We divided virtual-based prenatal care into two main categories: only using virtual methods and modified care models by virtual methods. Mhealth was the most widely used virtual care method due to its accessibility to most mothers, low cost, and use of dedicated apps. The reported outcomes were also classified into seven subcategories. Maternal and neonatal outcomes, maternal and provider satisfaction, and change in patient knowledge, attitude, and practice were the three most commonly reported outcomes.

CONCLUSION: Improvement of a variety of clinical and nonclinical outcomes is anticipated to facilitate the effective implementation of tailored virtual interventions for mothers, ultimately improving health outcomes for both mothers and fetuses.},
}

@article {pmid40837287,
year = {2025},
author = {Farooq, M and Al-Qudah, AM and Khan, AM and Muthana, A and Shahnoor, S and Ahmad, H and Hoz, SS},
title = {Global trends and hotspots in recent neurotrauma-related research in war-stricken countries: A bibliometric and visualization analysis.},
journal = {Surgical neurology international},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {293},
pmid = {40837287},
issn = {2229-5097},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The increase of interest in neurotrauma is growing worldwide due to the increase in military conflicts in war-stricken countries around the globe. There is an increasing trend of publishing about it worldwide. We aim to sort out the topic trends in the field of neurotrauma in countries experiencing military conflicts from the perspective of bibliometrics in the last 3 years, from 2020 to 2023. This will provide a status update on the current situation of publication productivity on the related topic, while simultaneously studying the potential effect of COVID-19 pandemic on it.

METHODS: We looked into articles and reviews published between 2020 and 2023 in Scopus based on predefined inclusion criteria which included neurotrauma-related publications sourced or co-authored by authors from war-stricken countries. 80 articles were included in the final analysis. The global research publication output, contributions of countries, institutions, journals, authors, average citation index (ACI), and keywords were analyzed.

RESULTS: There was a rise in publication productivity in 2020, which declined in 2021 and then again increased in 2022 onward. The United States published the largest number of articles either sourced or co-authored with authors from war-stricken countries (32/80, 40%) while Russia had the highest total citations (70). The order of countries with the highest ACI was Azerbaijan (18.5) followed by Spain and Egypt (14.7). The American University of Beirut was the most prolific institution. It had the highest number of publications (8) and citations (41). Gardner R.C. was the author with the most publications (3), followed by F. Anwar, M. N. Kravtsov, and R. Darwazeh. (2). World Neurosurgery had the most publications (6), but Frontiers in Surgery was the most impactful journal (ACI = 4.5). The most recent keywords predominantly revolve around topics such as "traumatic brain injury" (occurred 22 times) followed by rehabilitation' (6), veterans (4) and humanitarian activities (3). There were significant collaborations among developed countries and war-stricken countries for publications related to the topic.

CONCLUSION: An increasing trend in publications regarding neurotrauma in war-stricken countries was seen. Enhanced collaborations tell us about the combined interest of countries, irrespective of being at peace or at war. Our findings could provide useful information to identify potential research fronts in the coming years.},
}

@article {pmid40836846,
year = {2025},
author = {Srinivasan, G and Anaikutti, P and Mohan, S and Arukkani, M},
title = {Versatile Application of Calixarenes and Their Derivatives: From Drug Delivery to Industrial Catalysis and Environmental Remediation.},
journal = {Critical reviews in analytical chemistry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-58},
doi = {10.1080/10408347.2025.2538731},
pmid = {40836846},
issn = {1547-6510},
abstract = {Calixarenes are a structurally versatile class of macrocyclic compounds that exhibit broad functionality across pharmaceutical, analytical, industrial, and environmental domains. Their conformational flexibility and functionalize upper and lower rims facilitate selective host-guest interactions, enabling their use in targeted drug delivery systems with demonstrated antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer efficacy. In analytical chemistry, calixarene-based sensors have been integrated into colorimetric, fluorometric, potentiometric, and voltammetric platforms, offering high selectivity and low detection limits for analytes such as metal ions, nucleotides, and neurotransmitters. Advances in medical imaging have leveraged calixarene derivatives to enhance MRI contrast and specificity. Their strong chelating capabilities and environmental stability support their application in water purification and soil remediation. Commercial developments, including green leather tanning agents, anti-corrosion coatings, and COVID-19-era antiviral coatings, highlight their real-world potential. Furthermore, computational and AI-driven molecular modeling approaches have facilitated rational calixarene design by predicting binding affinities, dynamic conformations, and interaction energies. While promising, considerations such as low intrinsic solubility, scale-up limitations, and dose-dependent cytotoxicity require further exploration for clinical translation. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of calixarenes, emphasizing their evolving role as supramolecular platforms in next-generation scientific and industrial innovations.},
}

@article {pmid40836727,
year = {2025},
author = {Ghosh, S and Khanra, D and Kala, C and Krishna, V and Thakur, AK},
title = {Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis in South Asia: Need for a Collaborative Approach from Researchers and Clinicians.},
journal = {The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India},
volume = {73},
number = {7},
pages = {79-87},
doi = {10.59556/japi.73.1050},
pmid = {40836727},
issn = {0004-5772},
mesh = {Humans ; *Amyloidosis/diagnosis/therapy/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; India/epidemiology ; *Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Asia, Southern ; },
abstract = {Recent developments in diagnostic approaches for cardiac amyloidosis (CA) have augmented the possibility of its accurate diagnosis. Rising cardiovascular diseases in South Asian countries along with many undiagnosed cases make it important for cardiologists to screen patients for CA. Besides, the increasing susceptibility of amyloidosis patients to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection needs prompt diagnosis and management of CA in the COVID-19 era. With this focus in mind, a review of recent diagnostic approaches and treatment options adapted for CA is outlined in this article. In addition, a layout of different initiatives to diagnose such patients in the future has also been depicted. These approaches, if collaboratively adopted by the researchers and clinicians, would aid in the accurate diagnosis of CA patients in the South Asian population including India.},
}

Humans
*Amyloidosis/diagnosis/therapy/epidemiology
COVID-19/epidemiology
India/epidemiology
*Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis/therapy
SARS-CoV-2
Asia, Southern

@article {pmid40836603,
year = {2025},
author = {Gupta, A and Srivastava, S and Golmei, P and Yadav, L and Kumar, S},
title = {Signal Amplification to Improve Electrochemical Biosensing for Infectious Diseases.},
journal = {Biotechnology and applied biochemistry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/bab.70044},
pmid = {40836603},
issn = {1470-8744},
abstract = {Infectious disease detection and monitoring are critical for public health management. Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as promising tools for rapid and sensitive detection of infectious diseases. This review explores signal amplification approaches to improve the sensitivity and limit of detection of electrochemical biosensors for infectious diseases. Enzymatic signal amplification methods, utilizing enzymes such as endonuclease, nucleotidyl transferase, DT-diaphorase, and alkaline phosphatase, are discussed along with examples of their application in detecting tuberculosis, HIV, and COVID-19. Nanoparticle-based amplification approaches, including gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, and magnetic nanoparticles, are explored, highlighting their utility in detecting hepatitis B, Zika virus, and Ebola virus. Additionally, label-free amplification techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance are examined, with examples demonstrating their efficacy in detecting dengue virus and influenza virus. Hybrid signal amplification methods combining enzymatic, nanoparticle-based, and label-free approaches are also discussed, showcasing their potential in detecting malaria and bacterial infections. Challenges such as the need for point-of-care testing and overcoming interferences are addressed, along with future research directions, including multiplexed assays and integration with smartphones for data analysis. This review provides insights into the diverse signal amplification strategies for electrochemical biosensors and their impact on infectious disease diagnosis and control.},
}

@article {pmid40349734,
year = {2025},
author = {Massonnaud, CR and Schönenberger, CM and Chiaborelli, M and Ehrenzeller, S and Griessbach, A and Gillibert, A and Briel, M and Laouénan, C},
title = {Characteristics, design, and statistical methods in platform trials: a systematic review.},
journal = {Journal of clinical epidemiology},
volume = {184},
number = {},
pages = {111827},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111827},
pmid = {40349734},
issn = {1878-5921},
mesh = {Humans ; *Research Design ; *Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods/statistics & numerical data ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Bayes Theorem ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Platform trials (PTs) are gaining popularity in clinical research due to their innovative and flexible methodologies. The objective was to determine the characteristics, methodological, and statistical practices in PTs.

METHODS: We identified PTs from trial registries and bibliographic databases up to August 2024. Eligible PTs were randomized controlled trials studying multiple interventions within a single population, with flexibility to add or drop arms. Data were extracted on trial status, design, statistical methods, and reporting practices.

RESULTS: We identified 189 PTs. Most focused on infectious diseases (77, including 57 for COVID-19) and oncology (68). PT initiation peaked during the COVID-19 pandemic but has since stabilized at 84 active PTs, with 25 in planning. A complete master protocol was available for 47% (89/189) of PTs. Bayesian designs featured in 58/189 PTs vs. 56/189 frequentist trials, 20/189 trials utilizing both (unclear in 55/189 PTs). Overall, 25/111 trials (23%) were designed without a predetermined target sample size, all of which were Bayesian. Among these, 16 were explicitly reported as "perpetual" trials. The number of interim analyses was predetermined in 18% (10/57) of Bayesian trials vs. 58% (28/48) of frequentist trials. Simulations to evaluate operating characteristics were used in 93% (39/42) of Bayesian trials. Simulation reports were available in 67% (26/39) of cases, and the procedures were detailed for 62% (24/39) of trials. Only two trials shared the simulation code.

CONCLUSION: PTs remain popular and increasingly diverse. Efforts to enhance transparency and reporting, especially in complex Bayesian PTs, are essential to ensure reliability and broader acceptance.},
}

Humans
*Research Design
*Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods/statistics & numerical data
COVID-19/epidemiology
SARS-CoV-2
Bayes Theorem

@article {pmid38503453,
year = {2025},
author = {Bialy, L and Elliott, SA and Melton, A and Ali, S and Scott, SD and Knisley, L and Hartling, L},
title = {Consequences of the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on child and adolescent mental, psychosocial, and physical health: A scoping review and interactive evidence map.},
journal = {Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community},
volume = {29},
number = {3},
pages = {589-603},
pmid = {38503453},
issn = {1741-2889},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Child ; *Mental Health ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics ; },
abstract = {Effects of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on children stem beyond immediate infectious and post-infectious risks. Our aim was to conduct a scoping review and produce an online Interactive Evidence Map (IEM) highlighting available literature around unintended effects of the pandemic on children's and adolescents' mental, psychosocial, and physical health. A search was run monthly in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register from May 1[st] 2021 through April 30[th] 2022. All articles involving children and adolescents under 18 years of age relating to any unintended mental, psychosocial, and physical health consequences of the pandemic and resultant restrictions were included. Data were extracted and topics categorized, with corresponding data uploaded into EPPI-Reviewer and transferred to EPPI-Mapper for visualization. A total of 14,555 citations were screened and 826 (6%) articles included. Most articles reported on mental health outcomes, particularly anxiety (n = 309, 37%) and depression (n = 294, 36%). Psychosocial outcomes related to lockdowns such as loneliness (n = 120, 15%) and impact on adolescent relationships with others (n = 149, 18%) were also reported. Fewer articles examined physical consequences, but those that did mostly focused on child abuse (n = 73, 9%). Overall, currently mapped literature focuses on consequences related to mental health outcomes such as anxiety and depression.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology
Adolescent
Child
*Mental Health
SARS-CoV-2
Pandemics

@article {pmid35272262,
year = {2022},
author = {Soril, LJJ and Damant, RW and Lam, GY and Smith, MP and Weatherald, J and Bourbeau, J and Hernandez, P and Stickland, MK},
title = {The effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation for Post-COVID symptoms: A rapid review of the literature.},
journal = {Respiratory medicine},
volume = {195},
number = {},
pages = {106782},
pmid = {35272262},
issn = {1532-3064},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/rehabilitation/complications/physiopathology ; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ; Quality of Life ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Outcome ; Exercise Tolerance ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation is recommended for individuals with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection (i.e., symptoms 3-4 weeks after acute infection). There are emerging reports of use of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in the post-acute stages of COVID-19, however the appropriateness of PR for managing post-COVID symptoms remains unclear. To offer practical guidance with regards to post-COVID PR, a greater understanding of the clinical effectiveness literature is required.

METHODS: A rapid review of the published literature was completed. An electronic database search of the literature published between July 1, 2020 and June 1, 2021 was performed in MEDLINE, Pubmed, and EMBASE. Primary studies evaluating the clinical effectiveness of PR for individuals with post-COVID symptoms were included.

RESULTS: Nine studies evaluating the effectiveness of PR were identified; most were small, experimental or quasi-experimental studies, including 1 RCT, and were primarily of low quality. After attending PR, all studies reported improvements in exercise capacity, pulmonary function, and/or quality of life for individuals with post-COVID symptoms who had been hospitalized for their acute COVID-19 infection. Few studies evaluated changes in post-COVID symptom severity or frequency and, of these, improvements in dyspnea, fatigue, anxiety and depression were observed following PR. Further, no studies evaluated non-hospitalized patients or long-term outcomes beyond 3 months after initiating PR.

CONCLUSIONS: With limited high-quality evidence, any recommendations or practical guidance for PR programmes for those with post-COVID symptoms should consider factors such as feasibility, current PR capacity, and resource constraints.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/rehabilitation/complications/physiopathology
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Quality of Life
SARS-CoV-2
Treatment Outcome
Exercise Tolerance

@article {pmid40835908,
year = {2025},
author = {Morillon, GF and Guillon, M and Laberge, M and Sowanou, A and Poder, TG},
title = {Patients' perspective about synchronous teleconsultation with a general practitioner: a mixed-method systematic literature review.},
journal = {BMC primary care},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {259},
pmid = {40835908},
issn = {2731-4553},
support = {Project PJT 186075/CAPMC/CIHR/Canada ; Project PJT 186075/CAPMC/CIHR/Canada ; Project PJT 186075/CAPMC/CIHR/Canada ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Remote Consultation ; *Patient Satisfaction ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; *General Practitioners ; Primary Health Care ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Patient Preference ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Synchronous teleconsultations using video or phone have become an increasingly popular method for delivering healthcare, especially in primary care. This modality enhances access to care, particularly for individuals in remote or underserved areas, and was especially significant during disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these benefits, patient perspectives on teleconsultations with general practitioners (GPs) remain underexplored. Factors such as consultation type, convenience, and technology influence patient satisfaction and acceptance, but concerns persist about the effectiveness of remote consultations for complex cases. This systematic review explores patients' use, attitudes, experiences, satisfaction, and preferences regarding synchronous teleconsultations with GPs, aiming to identify factors influencing the choice of teleconsultation over face-to-face consultations.

METHODS: The review included 46 studies published until March 2023, sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library, following PRISMA guidelines. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies were analyzed, representing diverse contexts.

RESULTS: Findings reveal that patient satisfaction with teleconsultation is influenced by consultation purpose, convenience, technological capabilities, and continuity of care. Video consultations are preferred over phone consultations, particularly for follow-ups and routine issues. Teleconsultation is seen as less effective for complex consultations requiring physical exams. Patient characteristics, including age, socioeconomic status, and technology familiarity, impact acceptance. Privacy concerns, data security, and diagnostic accuracy remain significant barriers. Continuity of care is better maintained when teleconsultation involves established patient-GP relationships.

CONCLUSIONS: The review emphasizes the need for hybrid care models and policies aligned with patient preferences, focusing on accessibility, technology, and privacy safeguards. Future research should address barriers for vulnerable populations and equitable access.},
}

Humans
*Remote Consultation
*Patient Satisfaction
COVID-19/epidemiology
*General Practitioners
Primary Health Care
SARS-CoV-2
Patient Preference

@article {pmid40835394,
year = {2025},
author = {Iversen, KK and Roldgaard, MS and Konstantinidis, I and Lindhardt, MS and Ahlström, MG and Morris, A and Ronit, A and Benfield, T},
title = {Recovery of lung function during the first year after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society},
volume = {34},
number = {177},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1183/16000617.0029-2025},
pmid = {40835394},
issn = {1600-0617},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/physiopathology/diagnosis ; Recovery of Function ; *Lung/physiopathology/virology ; Vital Capacity ; Time Factors ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity ; Respiratory Function Tests ; SARS-CoV-2 ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported lung function impairment following COVID-19. Less is known about the subsequent recovery.

RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the recovery in lung function after COVID-19 during the first year after infection?

METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that monitored individuals' lung function from the time of infection to at least 1 year after infection. Primary outcomes were change in percent predicted forced expiratory volumes in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (D LCO). Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a random effects model.

RESULTS: We included 23 studies (n=3347 participants). 20 (86.9%) studies had their first follow-up 3 months after infection and 21 (91.3%) had their second follow-up 12 months after infection. The MDs between the second and first follow-up visits of FEV1, FVC and D LCO were 3.1% (95% CI 1.8-4.5; p<0.01), 4.4% (95% CI 2.7-6.0; p<0.01) and 6.6% (95% CI 4.4-8.9; p<0.01), respectively. Recovery of FEV1, FVC and D LCO was greater in mechanically ventilated patients compared to individuals with less severe disease. Current smoking status, pre-existing chronic lung disease and age did not impact recovery during the first year after infection.

INTERPRETATION: Recovery in lung function was evident during the first year after COVID-19, with the largest improvement in patients with the most severe infection. Further follow-up and large-scale studies are warranted to establish recovery trajectories of COVID-19 and other respiratory infections to identify patient subgroups needing additional follow-up to ascertain modifiable factors influencing pulmonary recovery.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/physiopathology/diagnosis
Recovery of Function
*Lung/physiopathology/virology
Vital Capacity
Time Factors
Forced Expiratory Volume
Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity
Respiratory Function Tests
SARS-CoV-2

@article {pmid40834399,
year = {2025},
author = {Hollinrake, G and Stevenson, L and Wilkinson, LL and Komninou, S and Brown, A},
title = {How Does Household Food Insecurity Impact Complementary Feeding, in High Income Countries, in a Cost-of-Living Crisis? A Systematic Scoping Review.},
journal = {Maternal & child nutrition},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e70082},
doi = {10.1111/mcn.70082},
pmid = {40834399},
issn = {1740-8709},
abstract = {Complementary feeding, when infants are introduced to solid foods, is an important stage of learning new tastes, textures and eating behaviours. Austerity, post-BREXIT (in the UK) and the COVID-19 pandemic have created a cost-of-living crisis, exacerbating prevalence of food insecurity in high-income countries. Understanding how this may impact upon parents' experience of complementary feeding is important. This systematic scoping review therefore examined how food insecurity impacts diet and feeding practices during the complementary feeding period for infants aged 6-18 months. Four electronic databases were searched, identifying 5822 articles. 3293 titles and abstracts, from which 30 full texts were screened by two independent reviewers. The final review included five articles (two qualitative and three quantitative). Three articles were conducted in Australia, one in America, one in New Zealand with 1044 parent/child dyads in total. Strategies such as encouraging children to finish their food, avoiding foods that might not be accepted and reducing food variety were common. These strategies may ensure children are fed but may reduce elements of complementary feeding that we know are important such as exposing infants to wide varieties of tastes, textures and nutrients and adopting a responsive feeding style. The sparsity of evidence in this review, particularly for research based in the UK, highlights the need for further research in high-income countries to explore the impact of household food insecurity on complementary feeding. This will help to identify priorities for those working in policy and practice to support families with complementary feeding during the cost-of-living crisis and beyond.},
}

@article {pmid40834285,
year = {2025},
author = {Viviana Cortiana Ms, and Maduri Balasubramanian Md, and Jade Gambill Bs, and Diksha Mahendru Md, and Kennedy Itodo Md, and Chandler H Park Md Ms Facp, and Yan Leyfman Md, },
title = {Safeguarding Vulnerability: COVID-19's Impact on Immunocompromised Patients With Cancer.},
journal = {Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)},
volume = {null},
number = {7},
pages = {280-282},
doi = {10.46883/2025.25921049},
pmid = {40834285},
issn = {0890-9091},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/virology/epidemiology ; *Immunocompromised Host ; *Neoplasms/immunology/therapy ; *SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; },
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed significant vulnerabilities among patients who are immunocompromised, who remain at increased risk for severe disease despite widespread vaccination in the general population. This commentary reviews insights from Dorry L. Segev's, MD, PhD, keynote lecture at MedNews Week, highlighting reduced vaccine efficacy, prolonged viral shedding, and increased severity of COVID-19 in this population. Emerging strategies such as monoclonal antibody prophylaxis, oral antivirals, personalized vaccine approaches, and T cell-based therapies show promise in mitigating these risks. Additionally, the commentary discusses the implications of hybrid immunity and the potential for within-host viral evolution to generate resistant variants, underscoring the need for targeted genomic surveillance. Ethical considerations are raised regarding the use of advanced oncologic treatments with marginal survival benefits but substantial toxicity in the context of COVID-19 vulnerability. To effectively protect immunocompromised patients, tailored public health measures, dedicated vaccination programs, and integrative lifestyle interventions are required. Synergistic efforts among clinicians, researchers, and policy makers are essential to ensure equitable access to preventive and therapeutic strategies, strengthening health care resilience for vulnerable populations during the ongoing pandemic and beyond.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/prevention & control/immunology/virology/epidemiology
*Immunocompromised Host
*Neoplasms/immunology/therapy
*SARS-CoV-2/immunology
COVID-19 Vaccines

@article {pmid40834236,
year = {2025},
author = {Kara, B and Scharf, N and McCormack, K and Bhreathnach, L and Currie, C and Symonds, J},
title = {Adolescent Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors.},
journal = {Journal of adolescence},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jad.70038},
pmid = {40834236},
issn = {1095-9254},
support = {//This work was funded by the European Association for Research on Adolescence (EARA)./ ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted adolescents' lives, leading to increased stress and anxiety rates globally. Although existing research highlights the necessity of understanding the increased rates of anxiety in adolescents during and after the pandemic, it offers little insight into the risk and protective factors for the development of adolescent anxiety at this time. To more deeply understand how the pandemic impacted anxiety in adolescents around the world, the current study adopted a qualitative approach to synthesising the global evidence on adolescents' lived experiences of anxiety during the pandemic.

METHODS: Five databases (Academic Search Complete, British Education Index, Education Research Information Centre, APA PsycINFO, and Scopus) were searched for studies that included qualitative data reported by adolescents on their lived experiences of anxiety during the pandemic. After duplicate records were removed, 348 records were title and abstract screened, a shortlist of 117 publications for full text screening, resulting in 34 papers to be included in the review.

RESULTS: Thematic analysis of data uncovered adolescents' experiences of anxiety during the pandemic in relation to a wide range of risk factors (i.e., academic stressors, family and economic stressors, social isolation, online dangers, uncertainties and health-related concerns) and protective factors (e.g., social support, personal coping, accurate information and clear guidelines, digital tools) in different developmental contexts.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings can guide the development of effective practices and policies for young people navigating the complexities of the post-pandemic world.},
}

@article {pmid40833114,
year = {2025},
author = {Abney, SE and Bloomfield, SF and Boone, SA and Cutts, T and Gerba, CP and Ijaz, MK and Lyons, AK and Maillard, J-Y and Mena, KD and McKinney, J and Park, GW and Scott, E and Reynolds, KA and Rutala, WA and Sattar, SA and Weber, DJ and Verhougstraete, MP and Williams, MM and Furin, WA and Wilson, AM and Whitworth, JC and Zargar, B},
title = {Fomite workshop recommendations addressing the role of surfaces in virus transmission in the built environment.},
journal = {mSphere},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e0092724},
doi = {10.1128/msphere.00927-24},
pmid = {40833114},
issn = {2379-5042},
abstract = {The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has led to a need to assess the role of fomites in viral transmission within the built environment. Assessing the role of fomites is necessary for developing intervention strategies for controlling emerging pathogens. A fomite workshop with experts was convened in November 2024 by academia, several government agencies, and public health officials to evaluate existing data and discuss how to mitigate risks. Fomite transmission is influenced by the nature of the built environment, population density and proximity, environmental factors (humidity, heat, etc.), virus survival, surface type, engineering controls (ventilation, physical barriers, etc.), and human behaviors. Based on our current data, direct contact with a contaminated surface/fomite, even for respiratory viruses, presents a risk of viral exposure and transmission by both contact with the fomite and resuspension in the air. Even respiratory viruses can be resuspended from fomites following human and pet movement, activities (e.g., vacuuming, toilet flushing, etc.), or changes in ventilation/indoor airflow. After resuspension from surfaces, microbes can be potentially inhaled (contributing to droplet and/or aerosol exposure) and/or re-deposited from primary to secondary fomites. Development of standard methods (molecular, chemical/physical, and infectivity assays) for detecting the presence of viruses on fomites and human behavior modeling would help to determine the most effective infection prevention strategies.},
}

@article {pmid40832038,
year = {2025},
author = {Sardinha, DM and Silva, MJA and Bispo, SKS and da Silva, APO and Lima, KVB and Ferreira, IP and Lima, LNGC},
title = {Prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1622247},
pmid = {40832038},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {Humans ; Brazil/epidemiology ; *Vaccination Hesitancy/statistics & numerical data ; *COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; *COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Female ; Male ; },
}

Humans
Brazil/epidemiology
*Vaccination Hesitancy/statistics & numerical data
*COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
*COVID-19/prevention & control/epidemiology
Prevalence
SARS-CoV-2
Female
Male

@article {pmid40831635,
year = {2025},
author = {Tao, X and Ma, Z and Yuan, H and Zhao, W and Liu, J and Tian, J},
title = {Research hotspots and global trends in respiratory syncytial virus over past five years.},
journal = {Frontiers in microbiology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1599093},
pmid = {40831635},
issn = {1664-302X},
abstract = {Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children under 2 years old. This bibliometric analysis is used to determine the characteristics, hotspots, and frontiers of RSV global scientific output over the past 5 years. In this study, the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) version from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for publications and record information published from 2020 to 2024 was retrieved. Bibliometric software package was used to analyze the bibliometric indicators, and the research trends and hotspots of RSV were visualized by VOSviewer and Citespace. We assessed paper influence with the Global Citation Score (GCS). A total of 7,238 articles and comments were searched. The USA is the most productive country in the field of RSV research and also the country with the closest cooperation with other countries and institutions. The most influential journal in this field is "VIRUSES BASEL" with 246 publications. The co-citation analysis of references showed that the RSV-related topics with the highest focus are "covid-19 pandemic," "respiratory syncytial virus prefusion," "American academy," and "protein vaccine." From 2020 to 2024, keyword cluster and keyword burst analyses showed that "Respiratory Syncytial Virus," "Infection," and "Children." "Viral co-infection," "anti-virus," and "vaccines" are currently research hotspots. The research area in this field is mainly distributed among "Immunology," "Pediatrics," "Pharmacology Pharmacy," and "Biochemistry Molecular Biology." Our study highlights the trends and hotspots in the field of RSV research over the past 5 years. Identifying the most critical indicators in the field of RSV research would be able to help researchers in this field better understand RSV and make decisions.},
}

@article {pmid40830785,
year = {2025},
author = {Liang, Y and Peng, H and Luo, X and Wang, M and Zhang, Y and Huang, H and Zhu, J and Chen, M and Tian, W and Mo, J and Nong, Y and Wang, Y and Huang, Y and Tan, S and Jiang, L and Pan, W and Ning, C},
title = {The impact of health emergencies on nurses' burnout: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {BMC public health},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {2847},
pmid = {40830785},
issn = {1471-2458},
support = {GKLKP-KF-202202//Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response/ ; 2023GXNSFFA026007//Outstanding Youth Fund of The Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi in China/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Burnout, Professional/epidemiology/psychology ; *COVID-19/epidemiology ; *Emergencies/psychology ; *Nurses/psychology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Personnel Turnover ; *Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Burnout is a prevalent occupational phenomenon among healthcare workers. To evaluate the current evidence on nurses' burnout and the impact of turnover intention during the pandemic is imperative.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to comprehensively synthesize and quantify the impact of health emergencies caused by the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on nurses' burnout and identify factors associated with the negative impact.

METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO (ASP), Cochrane Library, and supplemented by a manual search, for publications from December 2019 to February 2023.

RESULTS: A total of 176 articles involving 110,316 nurses were identified. The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of burnout was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI] 42-55%). The mean score for overall burnout on the 22-item (7-point) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was 59.83 (95% CI 49.33 to 70.34). In the work environment, nurses who were exposed to COVID-19 (SMD 0.19, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.33) or worked in emergency departments and ICUs (SMD 0.10, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.14) scored higher for burnout compared to those in general wards. In the presence of increased burnout, overall burnout in nurses was associated with a sevenfold increase in depression (OR 7.40, 95% CI 3.82 to 14.35), a fourfold increase in anxiety (OR 4.14, 95% CI 2.15 to 7.98) and stress (OR 4.60, 95% CI 2.31 to 9.17), and a fourfold increase in low resilience (OR 4.06, 95% CI 2.13 to 7.76) in mental health outcomes. As burnout increased, turnover intention was nearly four times as likely compared with retention (OR 3.55, 95% CI 1.73 to 7.28), and it was related to the quality of care.

CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that half of the nurses experienced burnout during the COVID-19. Nurses' burnout is associated with the sustainability of healthcare organizations. Healthcare organizations and societies should invest more time and effort in implementing evidence-based strategies to mitigate nurses' burnout across specialties, especially in emergency medicine and for younger nurses in specialized departments, to better prepare for future public health emergencies.},
}

Humans
*Burnout, Professional/epidemiology/psychology
*COVID-19/epidemiology
*Emergencies/psychology
*Nurses/psychology
SARS-CoV-2
Personnel Turnover
*Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology

@article {pmid34043899,
year = {2021},
author = {Marchi, NC and Fara, L and Gross, L and Ornell, F and Diehl, A and Kessler, FHP},
title = {Problematic consumption of online pornography during the COVID-19 pandemic: clinical recommendations.},
journal = {Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy},
volume = {43},
number = {3},
pages = {159-166},
pmid = {34043899},
issn = {2238-0019},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/psychology ; *Erotica/psychology ; Pandemics ; Quarantine/psychology ; Fear/psychology ; },
abstract = {The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the greatest contemporary challenges. Feelings of fear and uncertainty triggered by this pandemic have had noxious effects on people's mental health. This seems to have increased during quarantine and there is evidence of an intensification of reward-directed behavior. Nevertheless, there are few studies dealing with pornography consumption during this period. The aim of this manuscript is to contextualize this phenomenon during the pandemic and suggest some clinical recommendations on the matter.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/psychology
*Erotica/psychology
Pandemics
Quarantine/psychology
Fear/psychology

@article {pmid40829499,
year = {2025},
author = {Olivier, G and Luigia, E},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 and chronic kidney disease: challenges and future directions.},
journal = {Current opinion in immunology},
volume = {96},
number = {},
pages = {102642},
doi = {10.1016/j.coi.2025.102642},
pmid = {40829499},
issn = {1879-0372},
abstract = {Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis or kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), are highly susceptible to infections, including the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected this vulnerable population, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Immune dysfunction in CKD patients contributes to a suboptimal defense against infections and a reduced response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. Although vaccination has significantly reduced severe outcomes, dialysis patients and KTRs exhibit lower seroconversion rates and faster antibody waning compared to the general population. Recent evidence suggests that booster doses improve immune responses, but vaccine efficacy remains lower in immunosuppressed individuals. This review highlights the epidemiology of COVID-19 in nephropathic patients, the mechanisms underlying their immune dysregulation, and the effectiveness of vaccination strategies. Future directions include optimizing booster regimens, integrating serological and avidity testing to tailor vaccination strategies, and exploring novel immunotherapeutic approaches. A multidisciplinary effort involving nephrologists, immunologists, and public health experts is essential to improve pandemic preparedness and develop targeted strategies to protect nephropathic patients from future viral threats.},
}

@article {pmid40829362,
year = {2025},
author = {Anwar, S and Khan, S and Azmi, I and Islam, KU and Ahmad, T and Iqbal, J},
title = {CRISPR-based molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2, its emerging variants, and diverse pathogens.},
journal = {Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease},
volume = {113},
number = {4},
pages = {117062},
doi = {10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117062},
pmid = {40829362},
issn = {1879-0070},
abstract = {Pathogenic viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV-2), continue to pose a significant threat to human civilization. The lessons learnt from SCoV-2 infections have highlighted the requirement for robust and readily available diagnostic tools in order to limit the virus transmission and prevent future pandemics such as COVID-19. RT-qPCR-based detection is routinely used for sensitive and accurate diagnosis, which requires a sophisticated instrument, laboratory setup, and technical expertise. Though RT-qPCR is highly reliable and considered the gold standard for pathogen detection, it is costly, time-consuming, and unaffordable for the masses. Therefore, other reliable methods for nucleic acid-based detection with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy on-par with RT-qPCR are required. Recent advancement in CRISPR technology promises its development as a POC testing device, providing a high-end, instrument-free, portable, and cost-effective workflow. Further, COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged the development of next-generation CRISPR-based diagnostics with a provision for home-testing which has resulted in the development of portable and smart-phone integrated hand-held devices which can detect various pathogenic infections in a shorter time frame than RT-qPCR. For diagnosing the presence of SCoV-2, CRISPR-based diagnostics (SHERLOCK/DETECTR) are quicker (30-60 min), less expensive ($5-15/test), and portable than RT-qPCR (90-180 min; $10-50/test) demonstrating equivalent specificity (100%) and near-equivalent sensitivity (93-100% for CRISPR-based diagnostics vs 95-100% for RT-qPCR). For high-sensitivity centralized testing, RT-qPCR is still the gold standard, but CRISPR works well in point-of-care settings because it requires little equipment (like lateral flow strips or heating blocks) and allows multiplexing. CRISPR-based diagnostics breakthrough platform like CARMEN leverages microfluidic technology to test 5,000 plus samples in a single run, unlike RT-qPCR, which requires separate reactions for each target.In this review, the advancement in CRISPR technology such as SHERLOCK, DETECTR, and other Cas-9-based diagnostics are highlighted which exclusively focuses on the CRISPR-based diagnostics to detect SCoV-2 and its emerging VOCs, highlighting their advantages and limitations compared to the gold-standard RT-qPCR.},
}

@article {pmid40828459,
year = {2025},
author = {Asadi, Z and Vaisi-Raygani, A and Safari-Faramani, R and Ghasemi, M and Aghaz, F},
title = {Association Between SARS-COV-2 Infection and Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)},
volume = {94},
number = {2},
pages = {e70143},
doi = {10.1111/aji.70143},
pmid = {40828459},
issn = {1600-0897},
support = {//Student Research Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences/ ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 infection affects various sperm quality parameters. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 infection on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).

METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed across four databases for studies published between January 1, 2019, and January 1, 2025. The inclusion criteria focused on studies evaluating sperm DNA fragmentation in healthy men infected with the virus. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model based on the tests employed in the studies to measure SDF. Data were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 105 identified citations, seven articles were included in this analysis. The NOS results indicated that all studies were of high quality. Subgroup analysis revealed that all testing methods, including TUNEL, flow cytometry, and the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test, demonstrated high heterogeneity, with the lowest heterogeneity found in the TUNEL test.

RESULTS: The pooled analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in SDF (random effects model, WMD = 12.558, 95% CI: 4.482 to 20.635, I[2] = 99%, Z = 3.05, p < 0.0001). This meta-analysis suggests a statistically significant reduction in sperm DNA integrity 2-3 months following COVID-19 infection.

CONCLUSION: However, caution is warranted when interpreting these results due to the high heterogeneity, which may affect the outcomes. A thorough analysis considering participant characteristics and infection status is recommended.},
}

@article {pmid40827836,
year = {2025},
author = {Pérez-Gisbert, L and Brea-Gómez, B and Valenza, MC and Calvache-Mateo, A and Ortiz-Rubio, A and Torres-Sánchez, I},
title = {Does pulmonary rehabilitation improve fatigue in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome? A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.},
journal = {Disability and rehabilitation},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-21},
doi = {10.1080/09638288.2025.2546553},
pmid = {40827836},
issn = {1464-5165},
abstract = {PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on fatigue in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS).

METHODS: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed until 21 October 2024 in 4 databases (CINAHL, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science). Inclusion criteria: Population: patients (≥18 years) with PCS; Intervention: PR; Comparison: control group (CG) vs. placebo; Outcome: fatigue assessed before and after the intervention; Study: randomized clinical trials. Methodological quality was assessed with Downs and Black scale and risk of bias with Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.4.

RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review and 10 in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed a moderate effect size (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI = -0.89, -0.28; p = 0.0002, n = 973) in favor of PR compared to CG for fatigue, with significant differences. Compared to CG, fatigue in patients with PCS was reduced to a greater extent in PR group (both center-based PR and home-based PR, and both <12 weeks of PR and ≥12 weeks of PR), with significant differences.

CONCLUSION: This review demonstrates the efficacy of PR as a promising intervention for alleviating fatigue in patients with PCS, revealing a significantly greater reduction in fatigue in PR group compared to CG.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022310791.},
}

@article {pmid40788370,
year = {2025},
author = {Wissmann, IB and Coelho, RCD and Baseggio, L and Cardoso, AM},
title = {Adenosine receptors and acute kidney injury: perspectives for future therapy.},
journal = {Purinergic signalling},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40788370},
issn = {1573-9546},
support = {154/GR/UFFS/2024 and 73/GR/UFFS/2023//Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul/ ; },
abstract = {Adenosine is a key modulator in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly through its influence on inflammatory pathways and renal hemodynamics. This nucleoside exerts its effects via four G protein-coupled receptors-A1, A2A, A2B, and A3-each displaying distinct roles during renal injury. The A1 receptor primarily protects renal tissue under ischemic conditions by reducing metabolic demand, while the A2A receptor promotes anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effects, improving renal perfusion and attenuating leukocyte infiltration. The A2B receptor, upregulated under hypoxic or injury conditions, is involved in anti-inflammatory actions and vascular integrity, especially in renal tubular and endothelial cells. Conversely, activation of the A3 receptor is generally linked to adverse outcomes, including increased apoptosis and greater tissue damage. Therapeutic strategies targeting adenosine receptors are being actively explored: selective A1 and A2A agonists show potential for promoting renal recovery, while A3 antagonists helped counteract the harmful effects of A3 activation. The review also discusses advances from recent studies (2022-2024), including insights on COVID-19-associated AKI and the nuanced roles of A1 and A3 receptors in different pathological contexts. Additionally, the therapeutic promise of inhibiting adenosine-degrading enzymes, such as ADA and adenosine kinase (ADK), is highlighted. Novel mechanistic insights and recent literature are integrated, providing a comprehensive overview that expands upon previous reviews. Although adenosine receptor modulation holds significant promise as a therapeutic strategy for AKI, further clinical research is necessary to validate efficacy and safety in human populations.},
}

@article {pmid40786362,
year = {2025},
author = {Chowdhury, A and Bhasin, G and Ganti, L},
title = {Bibliometric Analysis of the Epidemiological Research on Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {17},
number = {7},
pages = {e87484},
pmid = {40786362},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Alzheimer's disease presents a complex global health issue. It is characterized by a decline in cognitive function, starting with memory impairment, and extending to impact reasoning, language abilities, and spatial awareness. Despite decades of research, Alzheimer's disease remains a global challenge lacking long-term treatments. Institutions like the Karolinska Institutet, Columbia University, the University of California San Francisco (UCSF), and the University of Pittsburgh contribute significantly to Alzheimer's research, with a growth in publications in 2022 post-COVID-19. While current treatments offer symptomatic relief, there's a need for disease-modifying therapies targeting its mechanisms. This analysis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the available research and medical literature on Alzheimer's disease by employing bibliometric methods to identify publication trends, leading research institutions, and the evolving focus from symptomatic treatments to disease-modifying therapies. This paper seeks to analyze the research papers on Alzheimer's disease and catalog the metadata associated with each paper.},
}

@article {pmid40780723,
year = {2025},
author = {Sultani, K and Smeulers, M and de Vries, R and Zonderhuis, BM and Nanayakkara, PWB},
title = {Transforming acute care: a scoping review on the effectiveness, safety and implementation challenges of Hospital-at-Home models.},
journal = {BMJ open},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {e098411},
pmid = {40780723},
issn = {2044-6055},
mesh = {Humans ; *Home Care Services, Hospital-Based/organization & administration/standards ; Patient Discharge ; Patient Safety ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The hospital-at-home (HaH) model has gained traction as a viable alternative to traditional inpatient care, allowing patients to receive care in their own homes. Despite its growing popularity, there is a lack of comprehensive research addressing effectiveness, safety and factors critical to the successful implementation of HaH programmes. We conducted a scoping review to comprehensively map and summarise the evidence on both admission avoidance and early-supported discharge up until now.

DESIGN: A scoping review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.

DATA SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science were systematically searched up to July 2024 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We included English-language RCTs published from 2005 onwards, involving adults (≥18 years) receiving acute care at home who would otherwise require hospital admission. Eligible studies evaluated admission avoidance or early supported discharge within HaH settings for acutely ill patients. Studies focusing on outpatient care, non-acute conditions or interventions not aligning with the widely accepted HaH definition were excluded. COVID-19-related studies were also excluded to avoid context-specific bias.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, interventions and outcomes including mortality, length of stay, escalation rates, costs and patient and caregiver satisfaction. Implementation facilitators and barriers were also collected. Discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. Results were synthesised descriptively in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

RESULTS: Nine RCTs were identified. The review shows that the HaH model is at least as safe as usual care, with lower or comparable mortality rates. Length of stay varied, with some studies reporting longer stays in the HaH group due to cautious clinical practices. Cost analyses often indicate lower healthcare costs with staffing as the largest expense. Patient and caregiver satisfaction was high, but essential implementation factors were not clearly addressed.

CONCLUSION: The HaH model represents a promising alternative to acute inpatient care for suitable patients. Future research should focus on conducting larger RCTs, expanding the range of conditions suitable for HaH. Despite favourable clinical outcomes, substantial implementation barriers remain underexplored in current RCTs. This underscores the need to identify strategies for successful implementation, including the integration of technological advancements and qualitative insights into patient and caregiver experiences.},
}

Humans
*Home Care Services, Hospital-Based/organization & administration/standards
Patient Discharge
Patient Safety
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

@article {pmid40543860,
year = {2025},
author = {Cabral-Marques, O and Schimke, LF and Moll, G and Filgueiras, IS and Nóbile, AL and Adri, AS and do Vale, FYN and Usuda, JN and Corrêa, YLG and Albuquerque, D and Nava, RG and Santos, RS and Dias, HD and Silva, HF and Marconi, PB and Catar, R and Adu-Gyamfi, M and Wang, P and Khan, TA and Hackel, AM and Leheis, A and Stähle, A and Müller, A and Schmidt, C and Radunovic, C and Adjailia, EB and Grasshoff, H and Humrich, JY and Menz, J and Fourlakis, K and Winziers, M and Jäpel, M and Wegner, MV and Lamprecht, P and Nieberding, R and Akbarzadeh, R and Arnold, S and Jendrek, S and Klapa, S and Augustin, S and Biedermann, S and Schinke, S and Scheerer, P and Endres, M and Schulze-Forster, K and Paul, F and Yu, X and Sotzny, F and Sakmar, TP and Banasik, M and Haghikia, A and Hoffmann, MH and Veprintsev, D and Witte, T and Dalmolin, RJS and Ochs, HD and Heidecke, H and Scheibenbogen, C and Shoenfeld, Y and Riemekasten, G},
title = {Advancing research on regulatory autoantibodies targeting GPCRs: Insights from the 5th international symposium.},
journal = {Autoimmunity reviews},
volume = {24},
number = {9},
pages = {103855},
doi = {10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103855},
pmid = {40543860},
issn = {1873-0183},
abstract = {The 5th International Symposium on Regulatory Autoantibodies Targeting GPCR (RAB-GPCRs) advanced the understanding of the significant role played by autoantibodies targeting G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in various human diseases. Once considered passive markers, RAB-GPCRs are now recognized as active modulators of cellular signaling, immune regulation, and inflammation. The symposium highlighted their involvement in multiple prominent pathologies, including autoimmune diseases, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, and neuroimmunologic disorders such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and post-COVID-19 syndrome (ME/CFS/PCS), as well as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SOT/HSCT). Experts from rheumatology, immunology, and neurology presented interdisciplinary discussions on the potential of RAB-GPCRs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Advances in screening methods, biomarker identification, and therapeutic strategies were shared, emphasizing their diagnostic potential and application in novel therapeutic interventions. This report summarizes key insights from the symposium, particularly focusing on the modulatory properties of RAB-GPCRs and their relevance in both immune-mediated diseases and other pathologies (e.g., vascular, degenerative) that are traditionally not considered primarily immune-mediated. Ongoing research is expected to further establish these autoantibodies as crucial components in disease modulation and systems biology contexts, offering new opportunities for precision medicine and improved clinical outcomes in immune-related disorders.},
}

@article {pmid39606511,
year = {2024},
author = {Nelakuditi, B and Dandamudi, BJ and Dimaano, KAM and Shah, N and AlQassab, O and Al-Sulaitti, Z and Khan, S},
title = {Efficacy of Melatonin as a Promising Intervention for Migraine Prevention: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {16},
number = {10},
pages = {e72559},
pmid = {39606511},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The availability and use of melatonin as an over-the-counter supplement have surged significantly in recent years due to the increased prevalence of sleep-wake disorders, notably in the post-COVID-19 era. While melatonin is known for managing insomnia, its applications extend beyond that. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic properties, along with increased usage, have garnered significant interest from researchers, particularly regarding its use in migraine prophylaxis and treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the role of melatonin as prophylactic therapy for migraine, focusing on the efficacy and side effect profile of melatonin compared to standard therapy and placebo. Six databases were searched through June 2024, identifying 735 relevant articles. Only full-text randomized control trials involving humans, written or translated into English, were included in the study. Data were extracted, screened, sought for retrieval, and assessed for quality appraisal using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). A total of seven randomized control trials involving 1,283 participants who met the eligibility criteria and passed the quality appraisal have been included in the study. All seven trials included patients diagnosed with migraine who were treated with either melatonin or agomelatine and were compared to those treated with conventional prophylactic therapy or placebo. The findings of this review suggest that melatonin significantly reduces the frequency and severity of migraines, but its dose-dependent action and benefits remain debatable. Melatonin may also have a role in weight control, warranting additional research in this direction.},
}

@article {pmid33021102,
year = {2020},
author = {Kirkby, KJ and Kirkby, NF and Burnet, NG and Owen, H and Mackay, RI and Crellin, A and Green, S},
title = {Heavy charged particle beam therapy and related new radiotherapy technologies: The clinical potential, physics and technical developments required to deliver benefit for patients with cancer.},
journal = {The British journal of radiology},
volume = {93},
number = {1116},
pages = {20200247},
pmid = {33021102},
issn = {1748-880X},
support = {28701/CRUK_/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom ; },
mesh = {*Dose Fractionation, Radiation ; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy/*methods ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*radiotherapy ; United Kingdom ; },
abstract = {In the UK, one in two people will develop cancer during their lifetimes and radiotherapy (RT) plays a key role in effective treatment. High energy proton beam therapy commenced in the UK National Health Service in 2018. Heavier charged particles have potential advantages over protons by delivering more dose in the Bragg peak, with a sharper penumbra, lower oxygen dependence and increased biological effectiveness. However, they also require more costly equipment including larger gantries to deliver the treatment. There are significant uncertainties in the modelling of relative biological effectiveness and the effects of the fragmentation tail which can deliver dose beyond the Bragg peak. These effects need to be carefully considered especially in relation to long-term outcomes.In 2019, a group of clinicians, clinical scientists, engineers, physical and life scientists from academia and industry, together with funding agency stakeholders, met to consider how the UK should address new technologies for RT, especially the use of heavier charged particles such as helium and carbon and new modes of delivery such as FLASH and spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT).There was unanimous agreement that the UK should develop a facility for heavier charged particle therapy, perhaps constituting a new National Ion Research Centre to enable research using protons and heavier charged particles. Discussion followed on the scale and features, including which ions should be included, from protons through helium, boron, and lithium to carbon, and even oxygen. The consensus view was that any facility intended to treat patients must be located in a hospital setting while providing dedicated research space for physics, preclinical biology and clinical research with beam lines designed for both in vitro and in vivo research. The facility should to be able to investigate and deliver both ultra-high dose rate FLASH RT and SFRT (GRID, minibeams etc.). Discussion included a number of accelerator design options and whether gantries were required. Other potential collaborations might be exploited, including with space agencies, electronics and global communications industries and the nuclear industry.In preparation for clinical delivery, there may be opportunities to send patients overseas (for [12]C or [4]He ion therapy) using the model of the National Health Service (NHS) Proton Overseas Programme and to look at potential national clinical trials which include heavier ions, FLASH or SFRT. This could be accomplished under the auspices of NCRI CTRad (National Cancer Research Institute, Clinical and Translational Radiotherapy Research Working Group).The initiative should be a community approach, involving all interested parties with a vision that combines discovery science, a translational research capability and a clinical treatment facility. Barriers to the project and ways to overcome them were discussed. Finally, a set of different scenarios of features with different costs and timelines was constructed, with consideration given to the funding environment (prer-Covid-19) and need for cross-funder collaboration.},
}

*Dose Fractionation, Radiation
Heavy Ion Radiotherapy/*methods
Humans
Neoplasms/*radiotherapy
United Kingdom

@article {pmid40826253,
year = {2025},
author = {Qin, Y and Li, C and Yuan, X and Li, Z},
title = {Immunological orchestration and dysregulation in COVID-19 pneumonia: from viral pathogenesis to precision therapeutics in the post-pandemic era.},
journal = {Folia microbiologica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40826253},
issn = {1874-9356},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic revolutionized our understanding and treatment of pneumonia, particularly highlighting its complex immunological aspects. In this review, we synthesized recent research on COVID-19 clinical management, shedding light on the immune-related landscape of pneumonia in the post-pandemic era. We explored key features of SARS-CoV-2, such as transmission dynamics, emerging variants, and infection mechanisms, before delving into the host immune response following viral exposure. Our discussion emphasized the critical role of immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and cytokine storms in pneumonia development, alongside immune-mediated lung damage and thrombotic complications. Clinically, we summarized evolving diagnostic methods, treatment approaches, and intensive care protocols, all with a focus on the pivotal role of immunology in pneumonia management. Looking forward, we advocated for a comprehensive approach to addressing ongoing pneumonia challenges, including strengthening epidemic surveillance and advancing immunotherapy research to target abnormal immune responses. Additionally, refining vaccine strategies for durable immunity against evolving viral strains was deemed essential. Overall, this review underscored the central role of immunology in shaping pneumonia management post-COVID-19, aiming to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and immunological responses in the post-pandemic era.},
}

@article {pmid40823416,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, X and Xiao, L and Lan, Y and Xue, J and He, Y},
title = {A meta-analysis of the meaning in life and suicidal ideation based on Chinese samples.},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1610351},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1610351},
pmid = {40823416},
issn = {1664-1078},
abstract = {Previous research has examined the link between meaning in life and suicidal ideation across cultures, highlighting cultural background as a moderator. However, few studies focus on single cultural contexts. To address this gap within China, this meta-analysis investigates the association between meaning in life and suicidal ideation, specifically examining moderators including regional economic differences, measurement tools for suicidal ideation, and the impact of public health emergency (e.g., COVID-19). Results show a negative correlation between meaning in life and suicidal ideation [r = -0.387, 95% CI (-0.425, -0.344)]. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger effects in undeveloped regions, when using specific measurement tools, and during public health emergency. Unlike previous studies, gender did not significantly moderate this relationship. These findings confirm that enhancing meaning in life may be a key protective factor against suicidal ideation in China, especially in undeveloped regions and during crises. Future interventions should develop tailored strategies to strengthen meaning in life, prioritizing economic inequality and crisis resilience.},
}

@article {pmid40823261,
year = {2025},
author = {Hong, Y and Zhu, S and Liu, Y and Tian, C and Xu, H and Chen, G and Tao, L and Xie, T},
title = {The integration of machine learning into traditional Chinese medicine.},
journal = {Journal of pharmaceutical analysis},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {101157},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101157},
pmid = {40823261},
issn = {2214-0883},
abstract = {Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an ancient medical system distinctive and effective in treating cancer, depression, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and other diseases. However, the relatively abstract diagnostic methods of TCM lack objective measurement, and the complex mechanisms of action are difficult to comprehend, which hinders the application and internationalization of TCM. Recently, while breakthroughs have been made in utilizing methods such as network pharmacology and virtual screening for TCM research, the rise of machine learning (ML) has significantly enhanced their integration with TCM. This article introduces representative methodological cases in quality control, mechanism research, diagnosis, and treatment processes of TCM, revealing the potential applications of ML technology in TCM. Furthermore, the challenges faced by ML in TCM applications are summarized, and future directions are discussed.},
}

@article {pmid40823235,
year = {2025},
author = {Rani, R and Bajos, N and Counil, É},
title = {Social inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection in high income countries: highlighting the need for an intersectional perspective in quantitative research.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1642407},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2025.1642407},
pmid = {40823235},
issn = {2296-2565},
}

@article {pmid40823166,
year = {2025},
author = {Weichselbaum, L and Kupferman, J and Kwong, AJ and Moreno, C},
title = {"The alcohol-harm paradox": Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in liver disease.},
journal = {JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology},
volume = {7},
number = {9},
pages = {101480},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhepr.2025.101480},
pmid = {40823166},
issn = {2589-5559},
abstract = {The alcohol-harm paradox (AHP) refers to the fact that people from lower socioeconomic groups experience higher rates of alcohol-related illness despite consuming the same or even lower amounts of alcohol than their more affluent counterparts. While differences in drinking patterns and associations with other risky behaviours partially explain the paradox, they do not fully account for the disparities in morbidity and mortality across socioeconomic groups. The existence of an alcohol-harm paradox in liver disease has been demonstrated in many countries worldwide. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these differences and led to an increase in alcohol intake and alcohol-related mortality among racial and ethnic minorities in the United States. Approaches to limit alcohol sales, through introduction of minimum unit pricing or taxation, have led to reductions in alcohol-related liver disease, particularly in socioeconomically deprived areas. Disparities in access to treatment of alcohol use disorder, liver disease and liver transplantation further contribute to the AHP. This review focuses on the AHP, its impact on liver disease and the multi-level strategy that will be required to curb this phenomenon.},
}

@article {pmid40822692,
year = {2025},
author = {Starshinova, A and Kudryavtsev, I and Rubinstein, A and Dovgalyuk, I and Kulpina, A and Churilov, LP and Kudlay, D},
title = {BCG vaccination: historical role, modern applications, and future perspectives in tuberculosis and beyond.},
journal = {Frontiers in pediatrics},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1603732},
doi = {10.3389/fped.2025.1603732},
pmid = {40822692},
issn = {2296-2360},
abstract = {Tuberculosis (TB) remains a fatal disease primarily transmitted through airborne droplets, with children who are the most susceptible, particularly in the areas with poor tuberculosis control. The BCG vaccine, developed by Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin, has a history spanning a century. This vaccine has been implemented in numerous countries, significantly reducing child mortality in regions heavily affected by TB. In this review, we aim to revisit the vaccine's development and rollout, while also highlighting its current attributes and the successful application in the Russian Federation, where 90% of newborns receive the anti-tuberculosis vaccination. Due to that practice, only a few isolated cases of young children with generalized tuberculosis (about five to seven annually) are observed in Russia. Research on the BCG vaccine is ongoing, revealing significant genetic alterations in BCG strains that have evolved from the original variant. These genetic differences may contribute to variations in vaccine efficacy, making screening important to predict effectiveness. The BCG vaccine can initiate a localized mucosal immune response, offering, besides the anti-TB effect, some protection against infections involving mucous membranes, including salmonellosis, HIV, and acute viral respiratory infections. It is essential to investigate the role of BCG in various applications; however, this exploration should not detract from its main protective benefits against tuberculosis (TB). Future studies may provide evidence of the vaccine's safety and efficacy to support its use beyond TB prevention. While BCG vaccination does not lower the risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it does prevent the progression to the most severe clinical manifestations (such as miliary TB and tuberculous meningitis) caused by hematogenous spread of M.tuberculosis. The challenge of protecting HIV-infected children from TB remains urgent, especially in regions burdened with drug-resistant TB, highlighting the need for robust protective measures.},
}

@article {pmid40822451,
year = {2025},
author = {Prabhakornritta, P and Waranuch, N and Fuangchan, A and Srikham, K and Boonpattharatthiti, K and Barnig, C and Boonyasuppayakorn, S and Pitaksuteepong, T and Bhattarakosol, P and Moulari, B and Pellequer, Y and Dhippayom, T},
title = {Exploring the clinical effects of Andrographis paniculata-derived compounds, its extract, or derivatives for the treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Frontiers in pharmacology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1598255},
doi = {10.3389/fphar.2025.1598255},
pmid = {40822451},
issn = {1663-9812},
abstract = {UNLABELLED: The COVID-19 pandemic created a global health crisis, with limited effective treatments. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (AP), with known anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, has been explored as adjunctive therapy for COVID-19, but its clinical evidence remains inconclusive. We hypothesized that AP-derived compounds may improve symptoms and inflammatory responses in mild-to-moderate COVID-19. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical and biological effects of AP-derived compounds, its extract (APE), or its derivatives in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and EBSCO Open Dissertations from January 2020 to October 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of single-herb AP products compared to antivirals or supportive care (SC) in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 were included if they reported clinical recovery, fever or cough resolution, C-reactive protein (CRP), or interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled effects of included trials, expressed as relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Six RCTs involving 660 adults aged 18 to 60 were included. Compared to antivirals or SC, single-herb AP products showed no significant improvements in fever resolution (RR 1.12; 95%CI 0.90 to 1.38; I[2] = 0.0%) or cough resolution (RR 0.98; 95%CI 0.74 to 1.31; I[2] = 47.0%). No significant differences were observed in serum CRP (MD -0.04; 95%CI -0.26 to 0.18; I[2] = 0.0%) and IL-6 levels (MD -0.07; 95%CI -0.17 to 0.03; I[2] = 0.0%). While some studies not included in the meta-analysis suggested early reductions in CRP and IL-6, the findings were inconsistent. RoB was high for fever resolution but low for biomarkers. Mild adverse events, primarily liver enzyme elevations, resolved without severe complications. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest a potential role for AP extract and its derivatives as adjunctive therapy for COVID-19, with trends indicating possible benefits in symptom improvement and inflammation reduction. These findings highlight the need for further research to explore AP as a complementary therapeutic strategy in COVID-19 management.

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024608858, identifier CRD42024608858.},
}

@article {pmid40822319,
year = {2025},
author = {Correia, G and Calheiros, D and Rosa, N and Rodrigues, L and Cunha, S and Santiago, LM and Costa, J and Gameiro da Silva, M and Gonçalves, T},
title = {Indoor air quality and airborne transmission under the One Health lens: A scoping review.},
journal = {One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
volume = {21},
number = {},
pages = {101160},
doi = {10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101160},
pmid = {40822319},
issn = {2352-7714},
abstract = {Humans spend around 90 % of their time indoors, making Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) of utmost importance. Its importance has been recently highlighted by COVID-19. However, IAQ significantly impacts public health, concerning not only respiratory, but also cardiovascular diseases. The World Health Organization defines One Health as "an approach to designing and implementing programmes, policies, legislation and research in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes". This scoping review fills a gap in the literature by exploring the One Health approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health, applied to the study of airborne transmission. We searched various databases for articles that assessed microbiological IAQ using the One Health approach. Eligible documents assessed air contamination, with a focus on infectious threats and antimicrobial resistance. Our work maps the topics covered, the methodologies employed, and the evidence gaps identified. Our literature search yielded 8471 articles, from which 18 studies were selected for detailed analysis. Findings indicate that the One Health approach effectively addresses the complex challenge of airborne microbiological contamination. This approach comprises a comprehensive view of topics, contexts, agents and methodologies employed to study airborne transmission in indoor spaces. The agents included range from influenza, legionella and others, to the dispersal of mycotoxins and antibiotic resistance genes. The role of animals in diverse human-animal interaction settings was highlighted as a significant factor influencing IAQ, particularly in relation to zoonotic spillover risks, and the airborne transmission of antimicrobial resistance. The review also identified evidence gaps in research and highlighted the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. Incorporating One Health principles into IAQ research is essential for developing comprehensive health strategies that can address both current and emerging infectious threats. Future research should prioritise settings involving animal-human indoor interactions, focusing on workplace contamination, zoonotic spillover, emergent threats, and the airborne transmission of antimicrobial resistance, to ensure a robust framework for safeguarding global health.},
}

@article {pmid40821797,
year = {2025},
author = {Yin, Q and Huang, Y and Wang, H and Wang, Y and Huang, X and Song, Y and Wang, Y and Han, L and Yuan, B},
title = {COVID-19: a vascular nightmare unfolding.},
journal = {Frontiers in immunology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1593885},
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2025.1593885},
pmid = {40821797},
issn = {1664-3224},
abstract = {The emergence of COVID-19 has been associated with an increased risk of arteriovenous thrombosis, with immune inflammation playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Numerous drug-related clinical trials have been undertaken to prevent thrombosis, and guidelines for its prevention and treatment are continuously evolving as our understanding of the disease progresses. This article provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms underlying thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, as well as the advancements in clinical trials and guidelines for thrombosis prevention with pharmacological interventions.},
}

@article {pmid40821146,
year = {2025},
author = {Kikuchi, K},
title = {Restructuring Physical Therapy Education After COVID-19: A Narrative Review on the Global Perspectives and the Emerging Role of Hybrid Learning Models.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {17},
number = {7},
pages = {e88034},
doi = {10.7759/cureus.88034},
pmid = {40821146},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly transformed physical therapy (PT) education from traditional face-to-face instruction to online and hybrid models worldwide. While online education effectively supports theoretical knowledge acquisition, it falls short in developing hands-on clinical skills, highlighting the necessity of integrating in-person training. Various countries reported benefits and challenges of online learning, including issues with learning environments, faculty ICT skills, and student motivation. Hybrid education models combining online lectures with practical face-to-face sessions emerged as optimal solutions. Future PT education requires flexible, sustainable, and learner-centered approaches grounded in educational technology and human-centered design. Key priorities include standardizing hybrid models, enhancing faculty support, reforming assessment methods, and ensuring equitable access to digital resources. Overall, PT education faces a pivotal opportunity to evolve into a resilient system balancing educational quality with accessibility and adaptability, guided by comprehensive, evidence-based strategies.},
}

@article {pmid40820807,
year = {2025},
author = {Wullimann, D and Ljunggren, HG},
title = {Human T Cell Responses to Flavivirus Vaccines.},
journal = {European journal of immunology},
volume = {55},
number = {8},
pages = {e70027},
doi = {10.1002/eji.70027},
pmid = {40820807},
issn = {1521-4141},
abstract = {Flaviviruses are major human pathogens that continue to pose a global health threat, and vaccination is an effective strategy to protect against disease from several flaviviruses. Flavivirus vaccines are believed to confer protection primarily through antibody responses; however, the role of T cells in vaccine immunity remains less explored despite demonstrated contribution in the response to natural infection. This review examines T cell responses induced by licensed or developing flavivirus vaccines, their contribution to protection, and key findings highlighting the importance of cellular immunity. We discuss the role of memory T cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, in flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity and compare the immunogenicity of live attenuated versus inactivated vaccines. We also discuss the significance of T cell immunity, cross-reactivity, and vaccine platform design in shaping durable and broad protection. Additionally, we broaden the discussion toward other human RNA viruses, including the influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A better understanding of the role of T cell immunity will be essential for optimizing the use of current flavivirus vaccines and developing next-generation approaches capable of providing long-lasting immunity against emerging and re-emerging flavivirus threats.},
}

@article {pmid40820583,
year = {2025},
author = {Chen, L and Kita, S and Fukuhara, H and Maenaka, K},
title = {Understanding the structure of measles virus and its implications for novel drug discovery.},
journal = {Expert opinion on drug discovery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-10},
doi = {10.1080/17460441.2025.2546888},
pmid = {40820583},
issn = {1746-045X},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Despite having a stably effectively vaccine for decades, the Measles virus (MV) still causes periodic outbreaks given its highly contagious nature and a consistent decline in immunization coverage, which was further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to reduced immunization rates. Equally concerning, there are also no approved treatments for measles.

AREAS COVERED: Herein, the authors explore the current challenges of MV therapy discovery. Firstly, the article will provide an overview of the potential drug-targeted steps in the MV infection process, followed by discussion on the characteristics of existing drugs as well as the feasibility of structure-based drug discovery. Finally, the authors highlight the current progress in the field and the future opportunities for antiviral development. This article is based on a literature review including original publications, standard sources, the Protein Data Bank and clinical trials.

EXPERT OPINION: First and foremost, a comprehensive structural analysis of neutralizing antibodies and RdRp inhibitors is required for efficient antiviral development. Moreover, the therapeutic prospects and current limitations for acute MV and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) treatments should be considered. Due to various factors including mutations, the development of broad-spectrum antivirals may minimize many of the existing barriers.},
}

@article {pmid40819607,
year = {2025},
author = {Bakhshaei, K and Rezaei, Z and Ahmadi, M and Banad, YM},
title = {Pandemic transition: A review of social media text mining for pandemic transition in the post-vaccination era.},
journal = {Artificial intelligence in medicine},
volume = {169},
number = {},
pages = {103242},
doi = {10.1016/j.artmed.2025.103242},
pmid = {40819607},
issn = {1873-2860},
abstract = {In the post-vaccination phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, surveillance have become critical for sustaining disease control, identifying new variants, and preserving vaccine efficacy. This study explores how social media text mining can support these priorities by providing valuable insights into public sentiment, vaccine hesitancy, and the emergence of novel viral strains. By analyzing online conversations, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of questions and concerns surrounding booster shots, enabling the development of targeted public health initiatives to address vaccine reluctance and promote booster uptake. Moreover, social media data can assist governments in identifying areas with high vaccine hesitancy or low vaccination rates, allowing for the strategic allocation of resources and interventions. Importantly, this study also highlights the potential of social media text mining to serve as an early warning system for new viral variants. By monitoring discussions related to symptoms and outbreaks, researchers can detect risks before they become widespread, informing timely public health responses and mitigation strategies. Complementing these surveillance efforts, the study emphasizes the significance of pattern prediction, which leverages historical data and models to forecast disease dynamics and guide resource allocation. By integrating social media data with epidemiological and clinical information, more accurate and responsive pandemic management strategies can be implemented. Ultimately, this research underscores the critical role of continuous pandemic monitoring and pattern prediction in the post-vaccination phase, enabling evidence-based decision-making and the effective control of infectious diseases. The insights gained from this study can inform the development of robust, data-driven frameworks for pandemic preparedness and response in the aftermath of widespread vaccination campaigns.},
}

@article {pmid40819231,
year = {2025},
author = {Levin, J and Bradshaw, M},
title = {The Challenge of Long COVID: Is the Pandemic Really Over?.},
journal = {Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {333549251358665},
doi = {10.1177/00333549251358665},
pmid = {40819231},
issn = {1468-2877},
abstract = {Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection began appearing among patients who had COVID-19 within months of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. This phenomenon, termed post-COVID-19 condition and also known as long COVID, has been a source of controversy among physicians, as presentation of long COVID has been a somewhat mysterious constellation of signs and symptoms that seem mostly impervious to efficacious treatment. Although a considerable amount has been learned about the pathophysiology and other biomedical features of long COVID, the epidemiologic parameters of long COVID, including incidence and prevalence, are uncertain in the United States and globally. The best estimates are that millions of people have long COVID. Despite the declining incidence of COVID-19, the low case fatality of long COVID suggests that its prevalence is poised to continue to grow. This increasing prevalence of long COVID presents a challenge for the public health sector. Here, we examine the public health implications of long COVID. We offer policy recommendations, including ending congratulatory talk that the pandemic is over, encouraging more focused attention from the United States and global nongovernmental organizations, and establishing a multinational research initiative to better understand and respond to long COVID and other postviral and postinfectious chronic conditions. Although COVID-19 may not be as widespread and disruptive as in the early months of the pandemic, it would be a mistake to presume that, because the acute crisis is behind us, the pandemic is past. Long COVID is an ongoing public health threat and merits our concern.},
}

@article {pmid40819227,
year = {2025},
author = {Karacuschansky, A and Organick-Lee, P and Horton, K and Seiler, N},
title = {Telehealth Use in Medicaid: Implications for Quality Care for Individuals With ADHD and Tourette Syndrome.},
journal = {Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {333549251357825},
doi = {10.1177/00333549251357825},
pmid = {40819227},
issn = {1468-2877},
abstract = {The expansion of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic transformed behavioral health care delivery, including for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette syndrome (TS), conditions that require ongoing treatment and monitoring. We explored the implications of telehealth on the quality of care for Medicaid beneficiaries with ADHD and TS, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and policy considerations. Telehealth has increased access to behavioral health services, including for ADHD and TS, by reducing geographic and financial barriers to care. The expanded use of telehealth has allowed patients to more easily interact with health care providers, and it particularly benefits those with limited access to specialized care. However, challenges remain, such as concerns about stimulant misuse in online ADHD treatments and the limited privacy offered in home telehealth settings. Furthermore, disparities in broadband access may exacerbate existing inequalities in care. Despite telehealth's potential to increase access to specialized care, the quality of telehealth provided is not guaranteed. Current quality measures for Medicaid telehealth services, especially for ADHD and TS, are insufficient. While some Medicaid programs have integrated telehealth into quality reporting, a need exists for more tailored measures that assess the unique needs of people with ADHD and TS. We recommend the development of quality measures for ADHD and TS, performance improvement projects for these conditions, better alignment of Medicaid managed care oversight, and research into the long-term outcomes of telehealth for care of people with ADHD and TS. Such efforts would support continued Medicaid telehealth expansion while ensuring high-quality care.},
}

@article {pmid40819047,
year = {2025},
author = {Nourani, A and Hosseini, SM and Rassoulian, M and Joudivand, L and Samimi, T and Rahimi, B},
title = {A systematic review of methods used for COVID-19 telehealth systems evaluation: lessons from past experiences for future use.},
journal = {BMC health services research},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {1089},
pmid = {40819047},
issn = {1472-6963},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 emergency, telehealth systems were rapidly designed and integrated into healthcare delivery frameworks. The main question is whether these systems have been adequately evaluated and whether they are worthy of entering the health service cycle. Thus, this study's objective was to critically analyze the literature on remote health systems developed in response to COVID-19, focusing specifically on the evaluation approaches used.

METHODS: The present investigation was executed in 2024, focusing on literature published over five years following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, extending until January 2024. Comprehensive searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. A team of four researchers systematically evaluated and critically appraised relevant articles. Subsequently, the extracted data underwent rigorous analysis, comparison, and reporting to distill key findings.

RESULTS: Overall, 26 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that the predominant objective of evaluations was to examine system performance (n = 8, 30.77%). Also, the methodology used in most evaluations was Qualitative and quantitative (non-integrated) (n = 18, 69.23%). In terms of evaluation period, most evaluations were summative (n = 12,46.15%), and the evaluator population in most systems was the healthcare team (n = 14, 53.85%).

CONCLUSIONS: Given the COVID-19 emergency conditions, evaluations of telehealth systems have not been conducted systematically and with adequate methods, tools, and populations. Therefore, appropriate systems should be designed and adequately evaluated for future epidemics. Ultimately, the proactive and comprehensive design and evaluation of telehealth systems will create infrastructures that can respond effectively and sustainably to future outbreaks.},
}

@article {pmid40818824,
year = {2025},
author = {da Silva Chaar Neta, R and Silva Batista, CD and Machado Palmerim, ÉM and Costa Dias, HM and Costa Nóbrega, KC and de Oliveira, CA and Visco, DB},
title = {The impact of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on functional performance, fall risk, and gait in individuals with Parkinson's Disease: a systematic review.},
journal = {Neuroscience},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.08.014},
pmid = {40818824},
issn = {1873-7544},
abstract = {Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor impairments such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Regular physical activity plays a key role in managing these symptoms, yet the COVID-19 pandemic imposed social isolation measures that significantly curtailed physical activity, potentially accelerating motor decline. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the impact of pandemic-related social isolation on motor symptom deterioration in individuals with PD. The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369245) and conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Systematic searches were performed in Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators related to Parkinson's Disease and the COVID-19 pandemic. Eligible studies included those addressing individuals with PD, exposure to social isolation, and outcomes related to motor performance. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. From 1534 identified records, 34 studies met inclusion criteria: 23 cross-sectional, 7 prospective longitudinal, 3 retrospective longitudinal, and 1 qualitative study. Findings consistently indicated a reduction in physical activity and a consequent worsening of motor symptoms, such as tremors, bradykinesia, and postural instability, leading to impaired functional performance, increased fall risk, and gait disturbances. Most studies demonstrated moderate to high methodological quality. These results underscore the potential detrimental impact of prolonged isolation and highlight the importance of interventions that help preserve motor function in individuals with PD during periods of restricted mobility.},
}

@article {pmid40817668,
year = {2025},
author = {Abdollahpour, S and Khadivzadeh, T and Shafeei, M and Arian, M},
title = {Prevalence of global preterm labor in pregnant women infected with coronavirus: A systematic review and meta-meta-analysis.},
journal = {Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {19345798251365165},
doi = {10.1177/19345798251365165},
pmid = {40817668},
issn = {1878-4429},
abstract = {BackgroundPreterm labor is a key factor in neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. Therefore, in the crisis of the coronavirus pandemic, it is important to investigate the prevalence of preterm labor in mothers with COVID-19 infection.Materials and methodsWe performed, according to the PRISMA guideline, a search of the PubMed and Web of Science database on September 1, 2022, to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have summarized studies that report the prevalence of preterm labor in pregnant women with COVID-19. Based on the focused search strategy and eligibility criteria, finally, 66 studies were included in this review. After critical appraisal, using Comprehensive Meta Analysis V3 software, data analysis was done. A random-effects model was employed to account for heterogeneity among studies, and publication bias was assessed. Pooled estimates and their 95% confidence intervals were reported using forest plots.ResultsSixty-six meta-analysis studies, involving a total of 335,964 preterm labors among a sample of 2,260,032 women pregnant with coronavirus infection, were analyzed. Prevalence of preterm delivery in women infected with COVID-19 is 18.8% (lower limit = 0.148; upper limit = 0.235; CI = 95%' df = 65; I-Squared = 99.87; Egger test = 0.40).ConclusionsThe pooled global prevalence of preterm delivery in women infected with COVID-19 is higher than the global estimate in the era before the coronavirus pandemic. Given the global burden of preterm birth, efforts should be intensified to improve the quality of care for all COVID-infected pregnant women.},
}

@article {pmid40816539,
year = {2025},
author = {Zhang, L and Tian, S and Shi, Y and Liu, L and Yang, S},
title = {Heterogeneity in the incidence and mortality of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis among ICU patients without hematological disorders: A systematic review, subgroup meta-analysis, and meta-regression.},
journal = {Respiratory medicine},
volume = {247},
number = {},
pages = {108306},
doi = {10.1016/j.rmed.2025.108306},
pmid = {40816539},
issn = {1532-3064},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The heterogeneity in the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) across studies is striking. However, the implications of this heterogeneity for patients without hematological disorders have been inadequately explored.

OBJECTIVES: This subgroup meta-analysis and meta-regression aimed to examine the clinical characteristics, incidence and mortality rates of CAPA patients without hematological disorders in intensive care units (ICU), and sought to explore the impact of and potential reasons for the observed variability in CAPA incidence and mortality rates.

DATA SOURCES: Data from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for articles published between November 1, 2019 and March 31, 2024.

STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: This study included cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies published in English with full texts, which examined COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU and assessed both the incidence and mortality of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, were included.

PARTICIPANTS: COVID-19 patients without hematological disorders admitted in ICU and who were evaluated for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis by any specific published definitions.

INTERVENTIONS: No.

METHODS: The incidence and mortality rates of CAPA patients were calculated using Der Simonian-Laird random effects meta-analyses. The impact and sources of heterogeneity were assessed through meta-regression and subgroup analyses, conducted with Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17 software. The review protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42024569801).

RESULTS: A total of 46 studies were included in the analysis. Among 18,487 enrolled ICU patients without hematological disorders, 1608 CAPA cases were reported, resulting in a pooled incidence rate of 0.13 (95 % CI: 0.11-0.14, I[2] = 96.11 %, p-value<0.001). The incidence of CAPA varied significantly based on diagnostic definitions (p-value = 0.009), Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) (p-value<0.001), and publication time (p-value<0.001). Factors such as diagnostic criteria, NOS, chronic respiratory diseases, solid organ transplantation, smoking history, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), mechanical ventilation, corticosteroid use and anti-interleukin therapies were significantly associated with CAPA incidence. The pooled CAPA mortality rate was found to be 0.58 (95 % CI: 0.52-0.64, I[2] = 83.31 %, p-value<0.001) and varied by NOS (p-value = 0.047). Furthermore, NOS and chronic liver diseases were positively associated with CAPA mortality.

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and mortality of CAPA in ICU patients without hematological disorders varied significantly across different studies. There is a pressing need for more high-quality research focused on screening for Aspergillus in COVID-19 ICU patients without hematological disorders, particularly those with chronic liver diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40815775,
year = {2025},
author = {Bhundoo, AK and Pillay, JD and Wilke, J},
title = {The Effectiveness of Online Exercise on Physical Activity, Motor Function, and Mental Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {27},
number = {},
pages = {e64856},
doi = {10.2196/64856},
pmid = {40815775},
issn = {1438-8871},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Regular engagement in physical activity and exercise is associated with a multitude of physical and mental health benefits. Hence, it has been widely encouraged as a measure by which to combat somatic and psychological ailments. In view of the technical progress, the aging society and the public life restrictions issued during the COVID-19 pandemic, the delivery of interventions using digital devices has become highly popular.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of online exercise programs on physical activity (PA), motor performance, and mental health.

METHODS: Two independent investigators performed a systematic literature search, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of online exercise (OE) versus no exercise or face-to-face exercise (FFE) in healthy adults were included. Effect sizes (standardized mean difference [SMD]) were pooled using robust variance estimation. The quality of the included studies was assessed by 2 independent reviewers applying the PEDro scale, and publication bias was checked by means of funnel plots. To determine the certainty about the evidence, the results were rated by means of the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) criteria.

RESULTS: A total of 18 articles with moderate to high methodological quality (7/10 points on the PEDro scale), including a total of 3571 participants, were identified. Visual inspection of funnel plots provided indications of a publication bias for 2 out of 16 outcomes. According to the meta-analysis, OE was superior to no exercise regarding strength (SMD=0.61, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.15, n=5 studies), balance (SMD=0.52, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.99, n=4 studies), endurance (SMD=0.85, 95% CI -0.01 to 1.70, n=5 studies), PA (SMD=0.46, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.87, n=5 studies), depression (SMD=1.08, 95% CI -0.01 to 2.16, n=4 studies), mood or emotion (SMD=0.47, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.90, n=5 studies), mental well-being (SMD=0.79, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.52, n=4 studies), and self-efficacy (SMD=1.1, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.17, n=3 studies). Compared to FFE, OE was noninferior (P>.05) except for gait speed which improved more following FFE (SMD=0.25, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.26, n=2 studies). The certainty about the evidence (GRADE criteria) was low to moderate for all comparisons.

CONCLUSIONS: OE represents an effective strategy to improve PA, physical function, and mental health in healthy adults and may hence help combat physical inactivity. However, despite the encouraging findings, some limitations need to be tackled before drawing definitive conclusions. These, inter alia, include a small total number of studies and substantial between-trial heterogeneity for some outcomes. Furthermore, as this review focused on healthy adults, future research examining other populations (eg, children and adolescents) is needed.},
}

@article {pmid40815485,
year = {2025},
author = {Sugarman, OK},
title = {Leveraging Electronic Health Records and Claims Data to Improve HIV and Comorbidity Care Trajectories: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Current HIV/AIDS reports},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {43},
pmid = {40815485},
issn = {1548-3576},
abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Big Data sources, specifically electronic health records (EHR) and insurance claims data, are key in advancing HIV research. This scoping review summarizes recent research using EHR/claims to understand the evolving relationship between HIV and comorbidities.

RECENT FINDINGS: Data sources ranged from individual health system EHR to multi-system integrated datasets. Datasets that linked insurance claims or EHR with external sources (e.g. public health HIV surveillance, social systems) had the richest findings. PLWH who maintained care for HIV and comorbidities, including COVID-19, had similar health outcomes to peers living without HIV. Mental health, substance use disorders, and HPV-related cancers remain prevalent in PLWH. HIV stigma and racial disparities in non-HIV comorbidity care were detected. These findings reinforce evidence of improving general health for PLWH as research and evidence-based treatment progress, and the utility of Big Data for PLWH in public health emergencies like COVID-19. There is continued need for tailored interventions for co-morbid mental health and some cancers. Linking EHR/claims data to external sources are critical to research and practice innovations in approaching whole-person care on the path to HIV elimination.},
}

@article {pmid40814331,
year = {2025},
author = {Dawood, I and Alhussein, ST and Wadi, WYA and Abdalgadir, RAY and Mohammed, SSI and Ahmed, EHM},
title = {Viral myocarditis in pediatrics: A review of current diagnostic methods and future directions.},
journal = {Annals of pediatric cardiology},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {42-48},
pmid = {40814331},
issn = {0974-2069},
abstract = {Viral myocarditis is the inflammation of heart myocytes resulting from viral infection. Incidence in the pediatric population could reach 2 per 100,000 per year, and COVID-19 infection is a significant risk factor, which increases the possibility of having an infection by 40 times. Early detection results in catching the disease early and consequently improves outcomes. Clinical presentation of viral myocarditis in children could vary from mild prodromal symptoms to severe heart failure. Clinical examination, electrocardiogram, and chest X-ray may give clues for physiological and structural signs usually associated with the disease. However, they are inconclusive as they lack both accuracy and specificity. Biomarkers used to track the disease usually lack sensitivity and specificity. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the imaging of choice to diagnose viral myocarditis by showing edema and late gadolinium enhancement. Point-of-care ultrasound has been approved as a good imaging method for early detection. It can be used as an effective screening tool for high-risk patients. Positron emission tomography scan is very sensitive in detecting disease early in its acute phase, especially if combined with CMR. All imaging studies are prone to interpretation bias, leading to a misdiagnosis. Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard method for diagnosis. However, it is time-consuming and ineffective as an early detection tool. Artificial intelligence (AI) helps with interpretation, decreasing bias, improving accuracy, and saving time and manpower. With more research and evidence, adopting AI-based methods to diagnose myocarditis in pediatrics could offer early detection, reduce costs, and save time for early intervention. Genetics helps identify inflammatory pathways involved in vulnerable patients, and genetic therapy may suppress disease progression by mitigating these pathways. Research focused on children is highly encouraged, and collaboration between healthcare institutions to develop telemedicine-based programs is influential.},
}

@article {pmid40813101,
year = {2025},
author = {Li, S and Yu, X and Yao, Y and Yao, T and Xu, M},
title = {Accelerating the approval of mpox vaccines based on lessons learnt from COVID-19 vaccines through the lens of regulatory science.},
journal = {BMJ global health},
volume = {10},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {40813101},
issn = {2059-7908},
abstract = {The expedited approval of mpox vaccines is critical to addressing this public health emergency. Building on the practice in approving COVID-19 vaccines, this analysis investigates the regulatory pathways used to accelerate vaccine approvals and their implications for mpox vaccine development. The study highlights the regulatory frameworks of the WHO Emergency Use Listing, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorisation, the European Medicines Agency Conditional Marketing Authorisation and Japan's Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency Emergency Approval. A comparative analysis of these pathways reveals differences in application conditions, data requirements, review timelines and post-approval obligations. The study also draws key lessons from the case analysis of COVID-19 vaccine approvals, providing additional insights for the approval of mpox vaccines. Our study underscores the importance of maintaining rigorous regulatory standards while expediting vaccine development and identifies fit-for-purpose strategies to enhance global preparedness for future public health crises, ensuring the availability of safe, effective and high-quality vaccines.},
}

@article {pmid40812337,
year = {2025},
author = {Liu, C and Rosen, EA and Stohs, EJ and Imlay, H and Nigo, M and Gottesdiener, LS and So, M and Tverdek, F and Dadwal, S and Gudiol, C and Satlin, MJ and Seo, SK and Trubiano, JA and Banerjee, R and Hanson, KE and Abbo, LM},
title = {Tackling antimicrobial resistance in people who are immunocompromised: leveraging diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship.},
journal = {The Lancet. Infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00311-1},
pmid = {40812337},
issn = {1474-4457},
abstract = {Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) disproportionately affects people who are immunocompromised due to their frequent encounters with the health-care system and repeated, prolonged exposure to antibiotics. AMR threatens to undermine continued advances in cancer care, haematopoietic cell transplantation, and solid organ transplantation by severely restricting therapeutic options. The convergence of several factors in the diagnostic evaluation of infection among individuals with immunocompromising conditions contributes to excess and inappropriate antibiotic use. Diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship are key complementary strategies to address these challenges with shared goals of improving patient outcomes, reducing harm, and mitigating the risk of AMR. In this Series paper, we discuss opportunities to enhance use of existing diagnostic tools (eg, culture-based diagnostics, molecular diagnostics, and other tools such as antibiotic allergy delabelling), emerging diagnostic tools (eg, metagenomic sequencing and host response profiling), and digital innovation, to optimise antibiotic use, and the potential for precision medicine approaches to combat AMR in people who are immunocompromised.},
}

@article {pmid40810963,
year = {2025},
author = {Fassmer, AM and Wandscher, K and Bedri, A and Jobski, K and Poustka, L and Bachmann, CJ and Hoffmann, F},
title = {Change of antidepressant utilization in children, adolescents and young adults in Europe before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.},
journal = {European child & adolescent psychiatry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40810963},
issn = {1435-165X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In recent decades, antidepressant utilization among young persons in Western countries has increased, raising concerns about overprescribing and safety. The COVID-19 pandemic and respective restrictions might have impacted not only youth's mental health but also antidepressant prescribing. Our aim was to systematically investigate changes in antidepressant utilization during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic periods in European young persons.

METHODS: This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024559951). Observational studies with ≥ 100 European young persons (0-24 years) reporting prevalence or incidence data in antidepressant utilization before and during the pandemic (2018/2019 vs. 2021/2022) were included and percentage changes between two time periods calculated. MEDLINE (via PubMed), PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched from January 1, 2021 to July 3, 2024 and supplemented by citation searching. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's tool.

FINDINGS: We screened 4,416 records for eligibility and included eight studies covering data from Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Spain, and Sweden (n = 4 from Nordic countries). The number of included young persons ranged from 1071 to 3,455,521 and all studies used secondary data, mostly from registries. All studies showed a relative increase in overall antidepressant use during the COVID-19 pandemic, with variability between countries ranging from 23 to 52%. Antidepressant utilization showed higher increases in adolescents (n = 3 studies) and females (n = 3 studies). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were more common (73.9-90.9%; n = 3 studies) than other antidepressant classes.

INTERPRETATION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, antidepressant utilization in young persons increased modestly in all studied European countries. This increase may mirror the surge in mental health problems in young persons during the pandemic, but may also reflect altered patterns of mental health services availability.},
}

@article {pmid40810099,
year = {2025},
author = {Hartwell-Kinnear, F},
title = {Food insecurity among older persons in the Southern African Development Community: a scoping review.},
journal = {JAR life},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {100021},
pmid = {40810099},
issn = {2534-773X},
abstract = {Despite the heterogenous challenges of growing older in low- and middle-income settings, there is a deficiency of research explicating food insecurity among older persons. Given rapid population ageing in Sub-Saharan Africa, alongside worsening deprivation, this paper offers an interrogation of existing evidence and exposes concomitant shortfalls in the knowledgebase. Scoping review methodology was employed using PRISMA Guidelines which systematically searched and screened three academic databases. At the global level, climate shifts and natural disasters, pandemics and epidemics such as Coronavirus-2019 and HIV/AIDS affect food insecurity. At a national level, food and welfare systems play a comparatively well-researched role in food insecurity among older persons. Community factors; levels of self-mobilisation or actions of civil society, and intrahousehold dynamics of kinship and associated resource distribution also proved important variables in determining food insecurity. Finally, demographic characteristics; age, marital status, gender, physical and cognitive abilities and coping mechanisms are discussed. In critical review, the work identifies two salient shortcomings in the understanding of food insecurity among older persons. One, extant research fails to account for path dependency, either within the lives of older persons, or socio-economic and political structures surrounding them. The findings, therefore, call for greater impetus upon the adoption of a life-course perspective. Two, scholars have failed to acknowledge older persons' role in shaping these structures and the food/welfare matrix at large. The work concludes by advocating for further theoretical development toward a comprehensive political economy of food insecurity, accounting for changes in the life-course of the individual, and the food, family and welfare systems in which they find themselves.},
}

@article {pmid40809776,
year = {2025},
author = {Vivas-Colmenares, GV and Ramírez-Iglesias, JR and Martínez-Pérez, AM},
title = {Telemedicine for educating parents or caregivers for postoperative care of pediatric patients: a systematic review.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1606211},
pmid = {40809776},
issn = {2296-2565},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine reduces in-person appointments and extends healthcare services to rural areas. Despite its extended use after the COVID-19 pandemic, further analysis of educational applications and strategies is needed to better prepare parents and caregivers for postoperative pediatric care beyond routine clinical follow-up. Therefore, this review systematically evaluates the effectiveness of telemedicine interventions in educating parents or caregivers after pediatric surgery, with respect to caregiver knowledge and self-efficacy in postoperative care, caregiver satisfaction, and postoperative clinical outcomes.

METHODS: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS, for articles published between 2013 and 2023 that involved patients aged 0-18 years who underwent surgery and caregivers who received some form of education through telemedicine. We evaluated the effectiveness of telemedicine for educational purposes by assessing caregiver knowledge, satisfaction, and patient morbidities. Bias was analyzed using the RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. The certainty of the presented evidence was assessed using the GRADE guidelines. The SWiM guideline was employed to report a structured narrative synthesis from the combined results. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024545858).

RESULTS: Four studies were included from 2,163 records initially registered: two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two uncontrolled before-after (UCBAs) studies. In the RCTs, caregiver knowledge was significantly higher in the telemedicine intervention group (p < 0.05); in one UCBA, caregiver knowledge increased over time. All studies reported high satisfaction with telemedicine, with the RCTs showing significantly higher satisfaction levels than control groups (p < 0.05). One UCBA also reported a significant improvement in patient continence. Bias was assessed as moderate in the RCTs and high in the UCBAs. The GRADE criteria indicate a certainty of evidence moderate for satisfaction and caregiver knowledge, and very low for morbidity and rate of complications or adverse events.

DISCUSSION: Telemedicine-based educational tools show promise as a strategy for healthcare systems, achieving high acceptance levels. However, further research is required to refine the methodological approaches for implementing telemedicine in caregiver education within the postoperative setting.

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024545858, identifier [CRD42024545858].},
}

@article {pmid40809451,
year = {2025},
author = {Havercamp, SM and Krahn, GL and Murray, AJ and Akobirshoev, I and Bellamy, CD and Bonardi, A and Breslin, ML and Zhǎngsūn Brown, LX and Costa, M and Dembo, RS and Ellsworth, D and Hall, JP and Horner-Johnson, W and Hughes, D and McGee, M and Mudrick, NR and Otstot, E and Parodi, G and Sluzalis, S and Yee, S},
title = {A call to action to include disability in intersectional health equity research and policy.},
journal = {Lancet regional health. Americas},
volume = {49},
number = {},
pages = {101199},
pmid = {40809451},
issn = {2667-193X},
abstract = {Disability status is rarely included in health research and policy, including intersectional research, perpetuating health inequities for this population. This paper calls on researchers and policymakers to take concrete steps to advance health equity for disabled people, including those at the intersections of disability, race, ethnicity, poverty, and other marginalized identities. We propose four strategies with recommendations to promote: a) meaningful engagement of disabled and multiply marginalized people in research and policy planning; b) cohesive, systemic disability data collection and analyses; c) use of intersectional approaches to examine structural drivers of health inequities; and d) leveraging of administrative data to improve disability healthcare policies and practices.},
}

@article {pmid40809128,
year = {2024},
author = {Sun, J and Aikawa, M and Ashktorab, H and Beckmann, ND and Enger, ML and Espinosa, JM and Gai, X and Horne, BD and Keim, P and Lasky-Su, J and Letts, R and Maier, CL and Mandal, M and Nichols, L and Roan, NR and Russell, MW and Rutter, J and Saade, GR and Sharma, K and Shiau, S and Thibodeau, SN and Yang, S and Miele, L and , },
title = {A multi-omics strategy to understand PASC through the RECOVER cohorts: a paradigm for a systems biology approach to the study of chronic conditions.},
journal = {Frontiers in systems biology},
volume = {4},
number = {},
pages = {1422384},
pmid = {40809128},
issn = {2674-0702},
abstract = {Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or "Long COVID"), includes numerous chronic conditions associated with widespread morbidity and rising healthcare costs. PASC has highly variable clinical presentations, and likely includes multiple molecular subtypes, but it remains poorly understood from a molecular and mechanistic standpoint. This hampers the development of rationally targeted therapeutic strategies. The NIH-sponsored "Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery" (RECOVER) initiative includes several retrospective/prospective observational cohort studies enrolling adult, pregnant adult and pediatric patients respectively. RECOVER formed an "OMICS" multidisciplinary task force, including clinicians, pathologists, laboratory scientists and data scientists, charged with developing recommendations to apply cutting-edge system biology technologies to achieve the goals of RECOVER. The task force met biweekly over 14 months, to evaluate published evidence, examine the possible contribution of each "omics" technique to the study of PASC and develop study design recommendations. The OMICS task force recommended an integrated, longitudinal, simultaneous systems biology study of participant biospecimens on the entire RECOVER cohorts through centralized laboratories, as opposed to multiple smaller studies using one or few analytical techniques. The resulting multi-dimensional molecular dataset should be correlated with the deep clinical phenotyping performed through RECOVER, as well as with information on demographics, comorbidities, social determinants of health, the exposome and lifestyle factors that may contribute to the clinical presentations of PASC. This approach will minimize lab-to-lab technical variability, maximize sample size for class discovery, and enable the incorporation of as many relevant variables as possible into statistical models. Many of our recommendations have already been considered by the NIH through the peer-review process, resulting in the creation of a systems biology panel that is currently designing the studies we proposed. This system biology strategy, coupled with modern data science approaches, will dramatically improve our prospects for accurate disease subtype identification, biomarker discovery and therapeutic target identification for precision treatment. The resulting dataset should be made available to the scientific community for secondary analyses. Analogous system biology approaches should be built into the study designs of large observational studies whenever possible.},
}

@article {pmid40809065,
year = {2025},
author = {Patel, JC and Shukla, M and Shukla, M},
title = {From bench to bedside: translating mesenchymal stem cell therapies through preclinical and clinical evidence.},
journal = {Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1639439},
pmid = {40809065},
issn = {2296-4185},
abstract = {Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as a powerful tool in regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, such as bone, cartilage, and fat, along with their low immunogenicity and strong immunomodulatory properties. Unlike traditional cell therapies that rely on engraftment, MSCs primarily function through paracrine signaling-secreting bioactive molecules like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and exosomes. These factors contribute to tissue repair, promote angiogenesis, and modulate immune responses in damaged or inflamed tissues. Recent studies have identified mitochondrial transfer as a novel therapeutic mechanism, where MSCs donate mitochondria to injured cells, restoring their bioenergetic function. This has expanded the therapeutic potential of MSCs to include conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and myocardial ischemia. Clinically, MSCs have shown efficacy in diseases like graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), Crohn's disease, and COVID-19. Trials such as REMODEL and REMEDY have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes, further validating MSC-based interventions. However, several challenges remain, including variability in cell potency, poor engraftment, and inconsistent results across clinical trials. Advances in genetic engineering such as CRISPR-modified MSCs and biomaterial scaffolds are being developed to enhance therapeutic efficacy and cell survival. Additionally, AI-driven platforms are being utilized to personalize MSC therapy and optimize cell selection. Innovative approaches like 3D bioprinting and scalable manufacturing are paving the way for more consistent and precise therapies. Moving forward, the integration of mechanistic insights with robust quality control and regulatory frameworks essential to translating MSC therapies from bench to bedside and ensuring their reliable application in clinical practice.},
}

@article {pmid40808732,
year = {2025},
author = {Lyn, NLW and Yeo, HY and Startup, CC and Koh, JMY and Tran-Chi, VL and Ho, CSH and Chee, TT},
title = {Stock and cryptocurrency trading and problem gambling behavior during early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative literature review.},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1585094},
pmid = {40808732},
issn = {1664-1078},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in a global shift in gambling and trading behaviors. At present, a gap exists in understanding the relationship between excessive trading behavior and problem gambling, especially during the COVID-19 period. This narrative review analyzed (1) the changes in trading and gambling activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) whether the pattern of trading activity resembles problem gambling, and (3) whether excessive trading and problem gambling share similar consequences.

METHODS: We searched databases such as Medline, PsychINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords, and included 60 reports for narrative synthesis.

RESULTS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were major changes to trading behavior, possibly due to market sentiments and psychology, personal financial needs, social media influence, and the behavior of other investors. The progression of the pandemic led to an increase in brokerage account openings and an increase in trading activities among existing investors, likely due to the development of digital trading platforms that enhanced accessibility for technology-adept investors. There was also a shift from gambling at physical destinations to online gambling, with an increase in frequency and spending among individuals who continued gambling. Feelings of boredom, stress, and the need for relaxation may motivate people to engage in gambling.

CONCLUSION: Individuals who engaged in excessive trading and problem gambling shared similar traits and may thus face similar psychiatric consequences. The findings indicate that we can apply the diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling and gambling disorders to excessive trading, given that many of these individuals meet the criteria for an addictive disorder.},
}

@article {pmid40806930,
year = {2025},
author = {Rosset, F and Celoria, V and Delmonte, S and Mastorino, L and Sciamarrelli, N and Boskovic, S and Ribero, S and Quaglino, P},
title = {The Epidemiology of Syphilis Worldwide in the Last Decade.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {14},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40806930},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {Background/Objectives: Syphilis, a re-emerging global public health issue, has shown increasing incidence over the past decade, particularly among key populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM), people living with HIV, and pregnant women. This narrative review aimed to synthesize global epidemiological trends of syphilis from 2015 to 2025, with a focus on surveillance gaps, regional disparities, and structural determinants. Methods: A broad narrative approach was used to collect and analyze epidemiological data from 2015 to 2025. The literature was retrieved from databases (PubMed, Scopus) and official reports from the WHO, CDC, and ECDC. Included materials span observational studies, surveillance reports, and modeling data relevant to global trends and public health responses. Results: Globally, syphilis incidence has increased, with notable surges in North America, Europe, and Asia. MSM remain disproportionately affected, while congenital syphilis is resurging even in high-income countries. Low- and middle-income countries report persistent burdens, especially among women of reproductive age, often exacerbated by limited screening and surveillance infrastructure. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted syphilis-related services and further exacerbated underreporting, hindering timely detection and response efforts. Surveillance systems vary widely in their completeness and quality, which significantly hinders global data comparability and coordinated public health responses. Conclusions: Despite its curability, syphilis continues to spread due to fragmented prevention strategies, inequities in access to care, and insufficient surveillance. Strengthening diagnostic access, integrating prevention efforts into broader health systems, and addressing social determinants are essential. Improved surveillance, equitable access, and innovation-including diagnostics and potential vaccine research-are critical to controlling the global syphilis epidemic.},
}

@article {pmid40806851,
year = {2025},
author = {Mara, G and Nini, G and Frenț, SM and Cotoraci, C},
title = {Hematologic and Immunologic Overlap Between COVID-19 and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
volume = {14},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40806851},
issn = {2077-0383},
abstract = {Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrosing lung disease characterized by chronic inflammation, vascular remodeling, and immune dysregulation. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, shares several systemic immunohematologic disturbances with IPF, including cytokine storms, endothelial injury, and prothrombotic states. Unlike general comparisons of viral infections and chronic lung disease, this review offers a focused analysis of the shared hematologic and immunologic mechanisms between COVID-19 and IPF. Our aim is to better understand how SARS-CoV-2 infection may worsen disease progression in IPF and identify converging pathophysiological pathways that may inform clinical management. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the peer-reviewed literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on clinical, experimental, and pathological studies addressing immune and coagulation abnormalities in both COVID-19 and IPF. Both diseases exhibit significant overlap in inflammatory and fibrotic signaling, particularly via the TGF-β, IL-6, and TNF-α pathways. COVID-19 amplifies coagulation disturbances and endothelial dysfunction already present in IPF, promoting microvascular thrombosis and acute exacerbations. Myeloid cell overactivation, impaired lymphocyte responses, and fibroblast proliferation are central to this shared pathophysiology. These synergistic mechanisms may accelerate fibrosis and increase mortality risk in IPF patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. This review proposes an integrative framework for understanding the hematologic and immunologic convergence of COVID-19 and IPF. Such insights are essential for refining therapeutic targets, improving prognostic stratification, and guiding early interventions in this high-risk population.},
}

@article {pmid40806558,
year = {2025},
author = {Sighencea, MG and Trifu, SC},
title = {Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {26},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40806558},
issn = {1422-0067},
abstract = {Schizophrenia is a challenging multifactorial neuropsychiatric disease that involves interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental insults. Increasing evidence implicates viral infections as significant environmental contributors, particularly during sensitive neurodevelopmental periods. This review synthesises current findings on the viral hypothesis of schizophrenia, encompassing a wide array of neurotropic viruses, including influenza viruses, herpesviruses (HSV-1 and 2, CMV, VZV, EBV, HHV-6 and 8), hepatitis B and C viruses, HIV, HERVs, HTLV, Zika virus, BoDV, coronaviruses (including SARS-CoV-2), and others. These pathogens can contribute to schizophrenia through mechanisms such as direct microinvasion, persistent central nervous system infection, immune-mediated neuroinflammation, molecular mimicry, and the disturbance of the blood-brain barrier. Prenatal exposure to viral infections can trigger maternal immune activation, resulting in cytokine-mediated alterations in the neurological development of the foetus that persist into adulthood. Genetic studies highlight the role of immune-related loci, including major histocompatibility complex polymorphisms, in modulating susceptibility to infection and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Clinical data also support the "mild encephalitis" hypothesis, suggesting that a subset of schizophrenia cases involve low-grade chronic neuroinflammation. Although antipsychotics have some immunomodulatory effects, adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies show promise, particularly in treatment-resistant cases. Despite compelling associations, pathogen-specific links remain inconsistent, emphasising the need for longitudinal studies and integrative approaches such as viromics to unravel causal relationships. This review supports a "multi-hit" model in which viral infections interfere with hereditary and immunological susceptibilities, enhancing schizophrenia risk. Elucidating these virus-immune-brain interactions may facilitate the discovery of biomarkers, targeted prevention, and novel therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia.},
}

@article {pmid40805970,
year = {2025},
author = {Gao, D and Xu, A and Yang, L},
title = {Virtual Care Perceptions and Experiences of Older Adults During COVID-19 in Canada: A Systematic Review.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40805970},
issn = {2227-9032},
support = {892-2022-3086//Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council/ ; },
abstract = {Background/Objectives: Older adults (65+) are the fastest growing age group in Canada, comprising 18.8% of the country's population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, use of virtual care, including telehealth and tele-medicine, increased dramatically among older adults in Canada who often face higher health risks, mobility limitations, and many barriers to accessing healthcare. Despite the rapid expansion in virtual care, no systematic review has focused specifically on virtual care among older adults in Canada. This review aims to explore the factors influencing virtual care adoption and the experiences of older Canadians during the pandemic through a systematic review. Methods: Conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the review involved a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, ESCBOHost, and Web of Science on 2 May 2025, yielding 281 unique citations. After screening and applying eligibility criteria, 15 studies employing quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods designs, with sample sizes ranging from 15 to 2,282,798, were included and appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Results: The review identified three domains of factors and the ways in which each factor shapes older adults' virtual care experiences: (1) personal factors influencing virtual care use and demand (e.g., age, education, language, income, immigration status, community sizes), (2) resource factors impacting virtual care adoption (e.g., technology access, support), and (3) varying virtual care experiences among older adults (e.g., in assessment and communication efficacy, privacy, care quality, convenience, safety, and costs). Conclusions: This review highlights the complexities of virtual care engagement among older adults and underscores the need for inclusive, tailored strategies to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of virtual care delivery in both pandemic and post-pandemic contexts.},
}

@article {pmid40805931,
year = {2025},
author = {Mazzonetto, LF and Cordeiro, JFC and Correia, IM and Oliveira, AS and Moraes, C and Brilhadori, J and Gomide, EBG and Kudlacek, M and Machado, DRL and Anjos, JRCD and Santos, APD},
title = {Physical Training Protocols for Improving Dyspnea and Fatigue in Long COVID: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40805931},
issn = {2227-9032},
abstract = {Objective: This study aimed to evaluate physical training protocols for alleviating long COVID symptoms, especially dyspnea and fatigue, through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Method: Data were collected from EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and grey literature (Google Scholar, medRxiv). Studies evaluating dyspnea and/or fatigue before and after physical rehabilitation, using validated questionnaires, were included. Studies lacking pre- and post-assessments or physical training were excluded. Two reviewers independently extracted data on intervention type, duration, frequency, intensity, and assessment methods for dyspnea and fatigue. Bias risk was evaluated using the Cochrane tool. Results: Combined methods, such as respiratory muscle training with strength and aerobic exercise, were common for long COVID symptoms. Aerobic exercise notably improved dyspnea and/or fatigue. Among 25 studies, four had a low risk of bias. Meta-analysis of two studies found no significant reduction in fatigue. Conclusion: Combined training methods, particularly aerobic exercise, alleviate dyspnea and fatigue in long COVID. More high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.},
}

@article {pmid40805905,
year = {2025},
author = {Aljinović-Vučić, V},
title = {Self-Medication as a Global Health Concern: Overview of Practices and Associated Factors-A Narrative Review.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40805905},
issn = {2227-9032},
abstract = {Self-medication is a subject of global importance. If practiced responsibly, self-medication represents a part of self-care or positive care of an individual or a community in promoting their own health. However, today's practices of self-medication are often inappropriate and irresponsible, and as such appear all over the world. Inappropriate self-medication can be connected with possible serious health risks and consequences. Therefore, it represents a global health issue. It can even generate additional health problems, which will eventually become a burden to healthcare systems and can induce significant costs, which also raises socioeconomic concerns. Hence, self-medication attracts the attention of researchers and practitioners globally in efforts to clarify the current status and define feasible measures that should be implemented to address this issue. This narrative review aims to give an overview of the situation in the field of self-medication globally, including current practices and attitudes, as well as implications for actions needed to improve this problem. A PubMed/MEDLINE search was conducted for articles published in the period from 1995 up to March 2025 using keywords "self-medication" or "selfmedication" alone or in combinations with terms related to specific subthemes related to self-medication, such as COVID-19, antimicrobials, healthcare professionals, and storing habits of medicines at home. Studies were included if self-medication was their main focus. Publications that only mentioned self-medication in different contexts, but not as their main focus, were excluded. Considering the outcomes of research on self-medication in various contexts, increasing awareness of responsible self-medication through education and informing, together with surveillance of particular medicines and populations, could lead to more appropriate and beneficial self-medication in the future.},
}

@article {pmid40805896,
year = {2025},
author = {Valeiro, C and Silva, V and Balteiro, J and Patterson, D and Bezerra, G and Mealiff, K and Matos, C and Jesus, Â and Joaquim, J},
title = {Pharmacy Technicians in Immunization Services: Mapping Roles and Responsibilities Through a Scoping Review.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40805896},
issn = {2227-9032},
support = {2024-1-BE01-KA210-VET-000251165//Erasmus+/ ; },
abstract = {Background: Pharmacy technicians are increasingly involved in immunization services, enhancing vaccine accessibility and reducing pharmacies' workload. This scoping review aims to (1) provide a comprehensive overview of pharmacy technicians' involvement in immunization services across various healthcare settings and countries, and (2) conduct a comparative analysis of training curricula for pharmacy technicians on immunization. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley framework. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed using keywords and MeSH terms such as "pharmacy technician(s)", "immunization", "vaccination", "role", and "involvement". Studies included assessed pharmacy technicians' roles in vaccine administration, training, and public health outcomes. Descriptive and thematic analyses were used to synthesize the findings. In addition, a supplementary analysis of immunization training curricula was conducted, reviewing programs from different countries to identify similarities, differences, and gaps in course structure, content, and delivery formats. Lastly, a comprehensive toolkit was developed, offering guidelines intended to facilitate the implementation of immunization training programs. Results: A total of 35 articles met the inclusion criteria, primarily from the United States of America (n = 30), Canada (n = 2), Ethiopia (n = 1), Denmark (n = 1) and United Kingdom (n = 1). The findings indicate that pharmacy technicians contribute significantly to vaccine administration, patient education, and workflow optimization, particularly in community pharmacies. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated their involvement in immunization programs. Key challenges include regulatory barriers, a lack of standardized training, and resistance from other healthcare professionals. Facilitators include legislative support (e.g., the PREP Act), structured training programs, and collaborative pharmacist-technician models. Conclusions: Pharmacy technicians can play a vital role in expanding immunization services, improving vaccine uptake, and reducing pharmacist workload. Addressing regulatory inconsistencies, enhancing training, and fostering interprofessional collaboration are crucial for their effective integration of immunization programs. Since immunization by pharmacy technicians is not yet allowed in many EU countries, this review will provide a foundational basis to address their potential to support the healthcare workforce and improve access to immunization services.},
}

@article {pmid40805129,
year = {2025},
author = {Szymczyk, A and Drozd-Sokołowska, J and Hus, I},
title = {Infectious Complications in Patients with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Bispecific Antibodies.},
journal = {Cancers},
volume = {17},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40805129},
issn = {2072-6694},
abstract = {Bispecific antibodies (BsABs) have become a new standard of treatment of refractory/relapsed patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, being also intensively studied in other types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Since the therapy with BsABs results in profound B-cell depletion and T-cell exhaustion, it is associated with significantly increased risk of infections. Additional risk factors involve immune disorders caused by lymphoma itself and previous lines of therapy. In this review, we focus on the infectious complications in B-NHL patients treated BsABs, presenting their incidence in clinical trials, admittedly performed to a large extent during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the proposals of infection prophylaxis.},
}

@article {pmid40804893,
year = {2025},
author = {Biuzzi, C and Modica, E and De Filippis, N and Pizzirani, D and Galgani, B and Di Chiaro, A and Marianello, D and Franchi, F and Taccone, FS and Scolletta, S},
title = {Old and New Definitions of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): An Overview of Practical Considerations and Clinical Implications.},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {15},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40804893},
issn = {2075-4418},
abstract = {Lower respiratory tract infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Intensive Care Unit patients, with severe cases often progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This life-threatening syndrome results from alveolar-capillary membrane injury, causing refractory hypoxemia and respiratory failure. Early detection and management are critical to treat the underlying cause, provide protective lung ventilation, and, eventually, improve patient outcomes. The 2012 Berlin definition standardized ARDS diagnosis but excluded patients on non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) modalities, which are increasingly used, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. By excluding these patients, diagnostic delays can occur, risking the progression of lung injury despite ongoing support. Indeed, sustained, vigorous respiratory efforts under non-invasive modalities carry significant potential for patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI), underscoring the need to broaden diagnostic criteria to encompass these increasingly common therapies. Recent proposals expand ARDS criteria to include NIV and HFNCs, lung ultrasound, and the SpO2/FiO2 ratio adaptations designed to improve diagnosis in resource-limited settings lacking arterial blood gases or advanced imaging. However, broader criteria risk overdiagnosis and create challenges in distinguishing ARDS from other causes of acute hypoxemic failure. Furthermore, inter-observer variability in imaging interpretation and inconsistencies in oxygenation assessment, particularly when relying on non-invasive measurements, may compromise diagnostic reliability. To overcome these limitations, a more nuanced diagnostic framework is needed-one that incorporates individualized therapeutic strategies, emphasizes lung-protective ventilation, and integrates advanced physiological or biomarker-based indicators like IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ, which are associated with worse outcomes. Such an approach has the potential to improve patient stratification, enable more targeted interventions, and ultimately support the design and conduct of more effective interventional studies.},
}

@article {pmid40804645,
year = {2025},
author = {Paval, NE and Căliman-Sturdza, OA and Lobiuc, A and Dimian, M and Sirbu, IO and Covasa, M},
title = {MicroRNAs in long COVID: roles, diagnostic biomarker potential and detection.},
journal = {Human genomics},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {90},
pmid = {40804645},
issn = {1479-7364},
support = {285/30.11.2022//Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării şi Digitalizării/ ; },
abstract = {Long COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), marked by persistent symptoms lasting weeks to months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, affects multiple organ systems including the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and renal systems. These prolonged effects stem from chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and direct viral injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-small non-coding RNAs involved in gene regulation-play a pivotal role in this process by modulating immune responses, inflammation, and cellular stress. Altered miRNA expression patterns during and after infection contribute to the pathogenesis of Long COVID. While conventional miRNA detection techniques have been valuable, they face limitations in sensitivity, throughput, and detecting RNA modifications. This review highlights Oxford Nanopore Sequencing (ONS) as a promising alternative, offering real-time, long-read, amplification-free RNA sequencing that preserves native modifications. ONS enables direct sequencing of full-length miRNAs and their precursors, providing novel insights into miRNA processing and regulatory roles. Despite current challenges with short-read accuracy, ongoing technical advances are improving ONS performance. Its integration in miRNA profiling holds significant potential for uncovering novel regulatory interactions and advancing clinical biomarker discovery in Long COVID and other conditions.},
}

@article {pmid40804538,
year = {2025},
author = {Torres Montaguth, OE and Buddle, S and Morfopoulou, S and Breuer, J},
title = {Clinical metagenomics for diagnosis and surveillance of viral pathogens.},
journal = {Nature reviews. Microbiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40804538},
issn = {1740-1534},
abstract = {Metagenomics is becoming more widely used for diagnosis of viral infections and surveillance of viruses. Its pathogen-agnostic approach makes metagenomics useful for unknown and novel infection diagnosis, outbreak investigation, and new and emerging pathogen surveillance. New metagenomics methods, such as the use of rapid sequencing technologies and approaches that can selectively enrich for a wide range of viruses, are expanding the range of clinical and public health scenarios in which metagenomics can be used. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increasing interest in viral surveillance worldwide, using clinical samples, potential zoonotic reservoirs and environmental sources, such as wastewater. Validation and accreditation of metagenomics protocols to ensure quality, together with further innovation in methods, will be necessary to bring metagenomics into routine service in clinical and public health laboratories.},
}

@article {pmid40804297,
year = {2025},
author = {Rehan, MW and Rehan, MM},
title = {Survey, taxonomy, and emerging paradigms of societal digital twins for public health preparedness.},
journal = {NPJ digital medicine},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {520},
pmid = {40804297},
issn = {2398-6352},
abstract = {The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has demonstrated the severe impact of infectious diseases on global society, politics, and economies. To mitigate future pandemics, preemptive measures for effectively managing infection outbreaks are essential. In this context, Societal Digital Twin (SDT) technology offers a promising solution. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the premier to conceptualize an SDT framework for infection containment under a novel systematic taxonomy. The framework categorizes infection management into five stages, namely infection initiation, spread, control, combat, and recovery. It provides an overview of SDT approaches within each category, discussing their validation strategies, generalizability, and limitations. Additionally, the survey examines applications, data-driven design issues, key components, and limitations of DT technology in healthcare. Finally, it explores key challenges, open research directions, and emerging paradigms to advance DT applications in the healthcare domain, highlighting smart service paradigms such as SDT as a Smart Service (SDTaaSS) and Healthcare Metaverse as a Smart Service (HMaaSS).},
}

@article {pmid40803509,
year = {2025},
author = {Cocking, E and Daher, J and Alabbood, M},
title = {New-onset diabetes mellitus post COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Diabetes research and clinical practice},
volume = {227},
number = {},
pages = {112417},
doi = {10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112417},
pmid = {40803509},
issn = {1872-8227},
abstract = {AIMS: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the relative risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in COVID-19 patients compared to individuals without COVID-19, with subgroup analyses based on diabetes type, age, severity of COVID-19 infection and corticosteroid use.

METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus were systematically searched for peer-reviewed cohort studies comparing NODM incidence in COVID-19 patients against a control group without COVID-19. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relative risk of NODM following COVID-19 infection.

RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included, involving over 48 million participants. The risk of developing NODM was 41 % higher in patients following COVID-19 infection compared to the control group (RR 1.41; 95 % CI 1.07-1.84). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher incidence of type 2 compared to type 1 diabetes mellitus post COVID-19 infection, and increased risk of NODM in adults and patients with higher severity of disease.

CONCLUSION: COVID-19 infection is associated with a significantly higher risk of NODM. Close monitoring for hyperglycaemia should be considered following COVID-19 infection, especially in adult patients requiring hospital or ICU admission.},
}

@article {pmid40803025,
year = {2025},
author = {Makins, A and Mahmood, H and Talbot, K and Hordern, C and Taghinejadi, N and Houlden, R and Bright, S and Arulkumaran, S},
title = {Reverse innovation - South to North learnings in the provision of postpartum contraception: implementation in a high-income setting.},
journal = {Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology},
volume = {102},
number = {},
pages = {102653},
doi = {10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2025.102653},
pmid = {40803025},
issn = {1532-1932},
abstract = {This article outlines a unique example of reverse innovation. Lessons from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) shaped healthcare practices in a high-income setting. We describe how the FIGO Postpartum Intrauterine Device Initiative, implemented across six LMICs, informed the development of a postpartum contraception program in a UK-based NHS trust. Despite the well-documented benefits of postpartum family planning (PPFP), implementing dedicated PPFP services in the UK has been challenging due to fragmented healthcare funding and cross service integration barriers. The COVID-19 pandemic created an urgent need for adaptation, providing a unique opportunity to rapidly establish a comprehensive local PPFP service. We outline how strategies from LMICs - including task-sharing, provider training, and policy advocacy - were directly applied to overcome these barriers and drive successful implementation. This case study highlights the potential of South-to-North knowledge transfer in driving healthcare innovation, improving contraceptive access, and underscores the importance of global collaboration and adaptive learning in reproductive healthcare.},
}

@article {pmid40801977,
year = {2025},
author = {Aboalroub, AA},
title = {Pathogenic Proteins Through the Lens of NMR Spectroscopy: Structural and Functional Insights into Disease.},
journal = {Cell biochemistry and biophysics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40801977},
issn = {1559-0283},
}

@article {pmid40801926,
year = {2025},
author = {Anagnostopoulos, I and Lakic, T and Balague, O and Van den Brand, M and Dirnhofer, S and Gasljevic, G and Laurent, C and Ponzoni, M and Quintanilla-Martinez, L and Sander, B and Cook, JR},
title = {Atypical lymphoid proliferations associated with therapeutic intervention: a report of the 2024 EA4HP/SH lymphoma workshop.},
journal = {Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40801926},
issn = {1432-2307},
abstract = {The challenging boundaries between neoplastic and reactive lymphoproliferations were discussed during the 2024 European Association for Haematopathology/Society for Hematopathology workshop in Dubrovnik, Croatia. Session 3 focussed on the atypical lymphoid proliferations associated with therapeutic interventions. Forty-four cases were submitted representing a broad spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) encountered in the settings of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies, various interventions for solid tumor treatment, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell lymphomas, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKI) for SLL/CLL treatment, ABL-kinase inhibitor dasatinib, and COVID-19 vaccination. The cases of this session highlighted the importance of having sufficient clinical information including drug history and distribution of disease in order to achieve reliable diagnosis. Among LPDs associated with immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies, the most challenging were T- and NK-derived infiltrates as they ranged from non-clonal to clonal. DRESS-associated lymphadenopathy exhibited variable histologic patterns with the most difficult differential diagnosis being with a T-cell lymphoma. LPDs observed after CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell neoplasms exhibited unexpected phenotypes resulting either from lineage switching/transdifferentiation, or from harvested T-cells already harbouring cancer-associated variants. Temporary interruption of BTKI treatment for CLL/SLL due to surgical procedures led to a "Pseudo-Richter transformation" that disappeared after reintroduction of therapy. Dasatinib led to a lymphadenopathy with a peculiar florid follicular hyperplasia that regressed after discontinuation of therapy. The findings of the few thoroughly studied COVID-19 vaccination associated lymphadenopathy cases reflected a disordered immune response. This report describes the most important features for diagnosis of these challenging cases.},
}

@article {pmid40801583,
year = {2025},
author = {Williams, JE and Mauya, Z and Walkup, V and Adderley, S and Evans, C and Wilson, K},
title = {Epigenetic Regulation of Neutrophils in ARDS.},
journal = {Cells},
volume = {14},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40801583},
issn = {2073-4409},
support = {R00 GM147910/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States ; 1R00GM147910-04/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory pulmonary condition that remains at alarming rates of fatality, with neutrophils playing a vital role in its pathogenesis. Beyond their classical antimicrobial functions, neutrophils contribute to pulmonary injury via the release of reactive oxygen species, proteolytic enzymes, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). To identify targets for treatment, it was found that epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modifications, hypomethylation, hypermethylation, and non-coding RNAs, regulate neutrophil phenotypic plasticity, survival, and inflammatory potential. It has been identified that neutrophils in ARDS patients exhibit abnormal methylation patterns and are associated with altered gene expression and prolonged neutrophil activation, thereby contributing to sustained inflammation. Histone citrullination, particularly via PAD4, facilitates NETosis, while histone acetylation status modulates chromatin accessibility and inflammatory gene expression. MicroRNAs have also been shown to regulate neutrophil activity, with miR-223 and miR-146a potentially being biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Neutrophil heterogeneity, as evidenced by distinct subsets such as low-density neutrophils (LDNs), varies across ARDS etiologies, including COVID-19. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses, including the use of trajectory analysis, have revealed transcriptionally distinct neutrophil clusters with differential activation states. These studies support the use of epigenetic inhibitors, including PAD4, HDAC, and DNMT modulators, in therapeutic intervention. While the field has been enlightened with new findings, challenges in translational application remain an issue due to species differences, lack of stratification tools, and heterogeneity in ARDS presentation. This review describes how targeting neutrophil epigenetic regulators could help regulate hyperinflammation, making epigenetic modulation a promising area for precision therapeutics in ARDS.},
}

@article {pmid40801347,
year = {2025},
author = {Jin, A and Deng, M and Yang, HS and Li, Z},
title = {Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-based microbial detection: a review of FDA-authorized tests and future perspectives.},
journal = {Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-23},
doi = {10.1080/10408363.2025.2542808},
pmid = {40801347},
issn = {1549-781X},
abstract = {Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as a rapid and accessible alternative to traditional polymerase chain reactions (PCR) for nucleic acid amplification in research, significantly enhancing pathogen detection in infectious disease diagnostics. This review aims to bridge the gap in the literature regarding the real-world applications of LAMP assays and their potential to improve infectious disease diagnostics across various healthcare settings. We evaluated the current landscape of United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-authorized LAMP-based microbial tests, categorizing 30 such tests and detailing their regulatory pathways, such as 510(k) clearance and Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We comprehensively examine the technical characteristics of LAMP assays, including sample collection, nucleic acid extraction, amplification processes, signal detection, device automation, and their analytical and clinical performance. We highlight the versatility of LAMP assays in diagnostic applications and their growing role in rapid infectious disease. We discuss the advantages and limitations of LAMP technology and identify future directions for its development in infectious disease diagnostics. By analyzing FDA-authorized LAMP-based microbial tests, this review aims to guide healthcare professionals and support future research and product development, ultimately improving patient care.},
}

@article {pmid40800075,
year = {2025},
author = {Tlhakanelo, JT and Ataguba, JE and Pagiwa, V and Ramabu, N and Kadimo, K and Molosiwa, D and Muriithi, GN and Achala, DM and Adote, ENA and Mbachu, CO and Beshah, SA and Masuka, N and Nwosu, CO and Akazili, J and Ifeanyi, C},
title = {Equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines in Botswana: a scoping review.},
journal = {Frontiers in health services},
volume = {5},
number = {},
pages = {1609089},
pmid = {40800075},
issn = {2813-0146},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Despite global market complexities, Botswana acquired about 2.6 million COVID-19 vaccine doses between March 2021 and March 2022, 76% of which were purchased while 24% were donations. Thus, the study was envisaged to aggregate evidence on the case of Botswana's COVID-19 vaccine access patterns, hesitancy, and uptake.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a scoping reviewof Botswana-based articles using a predetermined search strategy to search databases including Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The review included all the English-language written peer-reviewed and grey literature reporting on vaccination in Botswana, to broaden coverage in recognition of limited publications on COVID-19 vaccinartion in Botswana. Non-English articles were excluded due to limited translation resources. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, a narrative synthesis approach was used to collect, synthesize, and map the literature.

RESULTS: As of 31 December 2021, 80.6% of the Botswana national target of 1,390,856 people over 18 years had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, while 71.9% were fully vaccinated. Various vaccine distribution channels were utilized, including public facilities and outreaches, to improve access and uptake of vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was considered generally high (73.4% amongst adults), and found positively associated with the male gender, those with comorbidities, those with non-restrictive religious beliefs, and those aged 55-64 years who thought the vaccine was safe for use. COVID-19 vaccine delivery relied on existing Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) structures and therefore experienced to existing EPI challenges including, lack of transport, shortage of human resources, and vaccine stock-outs.

CONCLUSIONS: Under-performance of immunization programs at the district level, characterized by declining immunization coverage and inadequate outreach services, exacerbates disparities in vaccine access. Efforts to strengthen healthcare infrastructure and expand outreach services are essential for reaching populations with limited access to healthcare facilities, particularly in rural and hard-to-reach areas. Collaboration with other government entities and the private sector improved vaccine access.},
}

@article {pmid40799952,
year = {2025},
author = {Di Micco, P and Siniscalchi, C and Imbalzano, E and Russo, V and Camporese, G and Lodigiani, C and Meschi, T and Perrella, A},
title = {COVID-19: A Disease Driven by Protease/Antiprotease Imbalance? A Specific Review Five Years into the Pandemic.},
journal = {Infection and drug resistance},
volume = {18},
number = {},
pages = {3967-3975},
pmid = {40799952},
issn = {1178-6973},
abstract = {COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has profoundly impacted global health since late 2019. Beyond respiratory complications, the disease involves systemic manifestations driven by immune dysregulation, inflammation, and coagulopathy. Among the many mechanisms implicated in severe disease, a growing body of evidence suggests a central role for the imbalance between proteases and antiproteases. This review examines how dysregulated protease activity contributes to viral entry, cytokine activation, vascular injury, and thrombosis. We focus on the integration of proteolytic systems such as the renin-angiotensin system, coagulation cascade, and neutrophil extracellular traps with established pathways like endothelial dysfunction and immune hyperactivation. Furthermore, we highlight therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring proteolytic balance and discuss the potential relevance of this paradigm in the management of long COVID.},
}

@article {pmid40799014,
year = {2025},
author = {Ojumu, A and Ibrahim, SA and Seale, AC and Fayehun, O and Gill, P},
title = {Understanding factors influencing the implementation and uptake of less-established adult vaccination programmes: A meta-ethnography of COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria.},
journal = {Global public health},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {2544183},
doi = {10.1080/17441692.2025.2544183},
pmid = {40799014},
issn = {1744-1706},
abstract = {Before COVID-19, a few studies examined adult vaccination programmes for disease outbreaks in Nigeria. Recent studies explored vaccine uptake factors, but few examined implementation. We aimed to understand factors influencing the implementation and uptake of adult vaccination programmes in Nigeria, through the COVID-19 example, to support subsequent outbreak interventions. We systematically searched seven databases and conducted a meta-ethnography of eight studies published between 2022 and 2024, involving 207 participants. Through reciprocal and refutational translation, higher-order interpretations, a new line of argument and a conceptual model on factors influencing implementation and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria were developed. We reported findings using eMERGe guidance. We developed eight higher-order interpretations operating at individual, health system and policy levels. Four concerned vaccination uptake: an ethical paradox, self-preservation, socioeconomic characteristics and trust. Another four concerned vaccination implementation and uptake: policy actions, local leadership from government, supply chain challenges and health services information. Our findings suggest that improved vaccination programme implementation during disease outbreaks in Nigeria would support enhanced vaccine uptake by adults. Our findings can inform vaccine implementation strategies for successful rollout and uptake of adult vaccines in future outbreaks.},
}

@article {pmid40796992,
year = {2025},
author = {Mohamed, HM and Elkholy, YY and Mokhtar, YM and Orady, MA and Elmetwaly, HS and Abdelwahab, HM and Abdelrady, YS and Elgohary, MM and Elmahdy, MK},
title = {COVID-19 in comorbid chronic diseased patients, pregnant and lactating women: pathophysiology, available drug treatment, and the most suitable protocol regimen in each group.},
journal = {Inflammopharmacology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40796992},
issn = {1568-5608},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Comorbidities such as diabetes, chronic cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, liver diseases, and renal diseases exacerbate the disease, particularly in older patients, pregnant and lactating women.

OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic review to identify all studies reporting on risks associated with these comorbidities to detect the cause of severity of COVID-19 in these diseases and further selection of the most suitable treatment in each disease.

METHODS: An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases gathering all available articles. We only selected case-control studies that met inclusion criteria and that focused on high-risk chronic diseased patients, pregnant and lactating women that being infected with COVID-19. Selected studies were grouped into 8 broad categories for review and analysis: (1) pathophysiology of COVID-19, (2) characteristics of COVID-19, (3) common laboratory markers of COVID-19, (4) commonly approved and used treatment of COVID-19, and (5) recommended protocol regimen adjustment in comorbid diseases, pregnant and lactating women.

CONCLUSION: This review focused on pathophysiology of COVID-19 especially in comorbid chronic diseased patients, pregnant and lactating women with the most suitable protocol regimen adjustment in each group.},
}

@article {pmid40796823,
year = {2025},
author = {Tan, F and Li, C and Hu, J and Liu, S and Peng, W and Peng, H and Hou, C and Wu, C and Zhou, Z and Xiao, Y},
title = {Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis of observational studies.},
journal = {BMC pulmonary medicine},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {386},
pmid = {40796823},
issn = {1471-2466},
support = {2018YFE0114500//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 82270891//the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2022JJ40689//the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province for Youths/ ; kq2202404//the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a serious respiratory complication observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and people with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19. However, whether DM is a risk factor for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) remains unknown.

METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between DM and the development of PCPF. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published before February 1, 2023, without language or publication type restrictions. We calculated odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare the prevalence of DM among COVID-19 patients with PCPF with that among non-PCPF controls.

RESULTS: This meta-analysis included a total of 5,088 COVID-19 patients. We found a significant association between DM and the development of PCPF (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.15-4.13, P < 0.001), with high heterogeneity among the studies (I[2] = 82.2%). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between DM and PCPF was consistent across different geographic regions, study designs, sample sizes, mean ages, DM types, assessment times after COVID-19 onset, and NOS quality ratings.

CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis offers evidence supporting a correlation between DM and the development of PCPF among COVID-19 patients. Despite the considerable heterogeneity in this studies, this research retains significant implications for the clinical management of COVID-19 patients. DM is a potential risk factor for PCPF. It is imperative for clinicians to remain vigilant regarding the development of PCPF in COVID-19 patients who complicated with DM.},
}

@article {pmid40794529,
year = {2025},
author = {Hamidniya, P and Sedighian, H and Farzanehpour, M and Fallah, A and Molaee, H and Mahboobi, M},
title = {The relationship between respiratory tract infections caused by toxin-producing bacteria in burn patients during COVID-19: pathogenesis, diagnostics and novel therapies.},
journal = {Journal of medical microbiology},
volume = {74},
number = {8},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1099/jmm.0.001997},
pmid = {40794529},
issn = {1473-5644},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/complications ; *Burns/complications/microbiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; *Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology/therapy/diagnosis ; *Coinfection/microbiology/therapy ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/pathogenicity ; Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicity ; },
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the complexity of managing burn patients, who are particularly susceptible to bacterial co-infections due to their compromised skin barriers and immune dysregulation. Toxin-producing bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pose severe risks by producing virulence factors that impair immune function, delay wound healing and exacerbate systemic inflammation. These challenges are amplified in the presence of SARS-CoV-2, as the viral-induced immune dysregulation and cytokine storms worsen clinical outcomes, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. This review explores the interplay between viral and bacterial infections in burn patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the role of bacterial toxins, including superantigens from S. aureus and exotoxins from P. aeruginosa in driving hyperinflammatory responses. These synergistic effects complicate treatment by increasing the likelihood of systemic complications, prolonged hospital stays and MDR infections. To address these challenges, we discuss innovative therapeutic strategies, including endotoxin adsorption therapy to reduce systemic inflammation, immunomodulatory treatments to control cytokine storms and bacteriophage therapy for targeting MDR pathogens. Advanced wound care techniques and rapid diagnostic tools, such as CRISPR-based molecular assays, are highlighted as essential for timely and effective intervention. This review underscores the urgent need for integrated approaches that combine targeted diagnostics, advanced therapeutics and robust infection control measures. These insights aim to improve outcomes for burn patients co-infected with bacterial pathogens and SARS-CoV-2, offering valuable guidance for future pandemic preparedness and burn care protocols.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/complications
*Burns/complications/microbiology
SARS-CoV-2
*Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology/therapy/diagnosis
*Coinfection/microbiology/therapy
Bacterial Toxins/metabolism
Pseudomonas aeruginosa/pathogenicity
Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicity

@article {pmid40792264,
year = {2025},
author = {Wu, D and Wang, T and Wu, H and Dong, Y and Huang, Z and Zhang, J and Zhang, W},
title = {Trends and hotspots in global influenza and intestinal flora research based on bibliometrics.},
journal = {Frontiers in microbiology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1630924},
pmid = {40792264},
issn = {1664-302X},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Influenza (hereinafter referred to as influenza) is a pandemic and seasonal respiratory infectious disease that can lead to a global pandemic, posing a major threat to global public health. Studies have shown that influenza can lead to an imbalance in the intestinal flora, and disruption of the intestinal flora can exacerbate the progression of the disease, suggesting a potential link between influenza and intestinal flora. There is still a lack of systematic summary of bibliometric analysis in this field, therefore, this study aims to reveal the research dynamics, collaborative networks and cutting-edge hotspots in the field of influenza-intestinal flora association through bibliometric methods.

METHODS: Bibliometric analysis was used to retrieve 554 papers on influenza and intestinal flora from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database from 2011 to 2025. After screening, 283 papers were included, and co-occurrence and clustering analyses of countries, authors, institutions, journals, references, and keywords were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix; statistical visualization was performed via Microsoft Excel.

RESULTS: China is the country with the highest number of published papers and the leading CSI in terms of international collaboration intensity. The most popular journal in this field is Frontiers in Microbiology with 20 publications, while the most influential journal is Nature with 605 citations. Zhejiang University was the institution with the highest number of publications and Francois Trottein was the most prolific author. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that gut microbiota, influenza, probiotics, intestinal microbiota and COVID-19 were the core research hotspots, and clustering analysis further revealed the "intestinal-pulmonary axis of immunoregulation," such as Cluster analysis further revealed the "intestinal-lung axis immunoregulation," such as Th17/Treg balance, short-chain fatty acids and probiotics, as the cutting edge.

CONCLUSION: This study is the first to systematically map the bibliometrics of influenza and gut flora. The most influential countries, research institutions and researchers were identified through bibliometric analysis, showing the current research trends and hotspots in influenza and intestinal flora control. The results can provide theoretical guidance for future influenza prevention and control strategies targeting flora.},
}

@article {pmid40791597,
year = {2025},
author = {Jung, Y and Grainger, H and Yang, S and Mondal, S and Lukong, KE and Conn, K and Wu, Y},
title = {Catch me if you can: viral nucleic acids to host sensors.},
journal = {Frontiers in immunology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1632283},
pmid = {40791597},
issn = {1664-3224},
mesh = {Humans ; Animals ; *RNA, Viral/immunology ; *Virus Diseases/immunology/virology ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology/virology ; *DNA, Viral/immunology ; *Viruses/immunology/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; },
abstract = {The 2002 movie Catch Me If You Can is a cat-and-mouse story in which Frank Abagnale Jr. successfully conned his way into several high-profile jobs while evading capture by FBI agent Carl Hanratty. Similarly, after entering host cells, viruses interact with or hijack host cellular machinery to replicate their genetical materials and assemble themselves for the next round of infection. Analogous to an FBI agent, host cells have numerous molecular "detectives" that recognize viral nucleic acids (NAs). These include RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, DHX36, DICER1, PKR, OAS1, ZAP, and NLRP1/6 for viral RNA, as well as cGAS, TLR9, AIM2, IFI16, IFIX, Ku70, MRE11, RNA polymerase III, hnRNPA2B1, LRRFIP1, DAI, DHX9 and DDX41 for viral DNA. However, much like the brilliant Frank Abagnale Jr., viruses have developed various strategies to evade host cellular surveillance-for example, by sequestering or modifying viral NAs and inhibiting or degrading host sensors. In this review, we will summarize the host sensors identified so far, discuss the latest understandings of the various strategies employed by viruses, and highlight the challenges associated with drug development to target virus or host factors. Considering recent global health challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic and undergoing measles outbreak, understanding virus-host interactions at the molecular and cellular levels remains essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.},
}

Humans
Animals
*RNA, Viral/immunology
*Virus Diseases/immunology/virology
*Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
COVID-19/immunology/virology
*DNA, Viral/immunology
*Viruses/immunology/genetics
SARS-CoV-2/immunology

@article {pmid40791049,
year = {2025},
author = {Catapano, P and Di Vincenzo, M and Cipolla, S and Murolo, R and Cirino, A and Boiano, A and Prota, B and Cavaliere, S and Volpicelli, A and Della Rocca, B and Luciano, M and Fiorillo, A and Sampogna, G},
title = {Was the COVID-19 Pandemic a Triggering Factor for PTSD in Adults? Results From A Systematic Review.},
journal = {Actas espanolas de psiquiatria},
volume = {53},
number = {4},
pages = {868-901},
pmid = {40791049},
issn = {1578-2735},
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology ; *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/etiology ; Risk Factors ; Adult ; Prevalence ; Pandemics ; Female ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has represented a traumatic event for the general population, being associated with significant levels of uncertainty for the future, anxiety and depressive symptoms, especially in the first months of the health crisis. The adoption of strict containment measures, lockdown and interruption of all unnecessary activities have had a significant impact on the mental health of the general population. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has been considered a very stressful event (which could be defined as ''traumatic''), being associated with significant morbidity and mortality and being completely unpredictable. Based on such premises, we conducted a systematic review of the available literature in order to identify all studies providing epidemiological data and statistics on the prevalence and characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: An extensive literature search has been conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from the inception of each database until 15 November 2024.

RESULTS: Forty-one papers have been included in the review; the majority of the studies have been conducted in Italy and China. A significant heterogeneity in prevalence rates, ranging from 0.5% to 70.2%, and psychometric tool used was found. The most common risk factors for developing PTSD in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic included: female gender, social isolation, impact on daily routine. The most relevant protective factor includes older age.

CONCLUSIONS: Future research should aim to standardize assessment tools and criteria to enhance the comparability and reliability of findings in the field of trauma-related research studies.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/psychology/epidemiology
*Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/etiology
Risk Factors
Adult
Prevalence
Pandemics
Female

@article {pmid40790563,
year = {2025},
author = {Chandipwisa, C and Uwishema, O and Debebe, A and Abdalmotalib, MM and Barakat, R and Oumer, A and John, M and Taa, L and Onyeaka, H},
title = {Climate change and the global food chain: a catalyst for emerging infectious diseases?.},
journal = {International journal of emergency medicine},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {149},
pmid = {40790563},
issn = {1865-1372},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Climate change is disrupting the global food chain, affecting food production, delivery and safety. Extreme weather events disrupt the quality of food and water, while rising temperatures accelerate the spread of microbes. Habitat destruction also forces wildlife in close proximity to people, increasing the risk of zoonotic diseases. Threatening global health seriously, these disturbances also increase the probability of infectious and food-borne diseases.

METHOD: A narrative review of literature data from WHO publications, Google Scholar and PubMed. The review examines the impacts of climate change on agriculture, food supply systems, and the associated transmission of infectious disease - specifically zoonotic and food-borne diseases.

RESULTS: As temperatures increase, the germs multiply easily - and the risk of E. coli and Salmonella goes up. Waterborne diseases such as Norovirus and Hepatitis A are more likely to spread in typified extreme weather conditions such as floods. Ecosystem changes push humans and animals into a closer relationship that can lead to zoonotic spillovers, such as the Nipah virus and COVID-19. The growth of animal production and international trade exacerbates antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issues, imposing challenges to disease control.

CONCLUSION: Climate change is a critical public health emergency with risks of zoonotic and food-borne illnesses alarmingly on the rise. This is an important step toward a One Health approach, which also addresses the integration of human, animal, and environmental health, as well as strengthens food safety regulations and enhances disease surveillance. It needs immediate international cooperation to construct a robust and sustainable food system that reduces health hazards.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.},
}

@article {pmid40790389,
year = {2025},
author = {Stepanova, G and Ghosal, S},
title = {COVID-19 and dysregulated cholesterol levels in Type I and Type II diabetes: focus on the difference.},
journal = {Biologia futura},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40790389},
issn = {2676-8607},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had a profound global impact on individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). This review examines the interplay between COVID-19, cholesterol metabolism, and diabetes, focusing on the differences in lipid regulation between Type I (T1DM) and Type II diabetes (T2DM). Diabetes, characterized by impaired glucose regulation and lipid homeostasis, has been identified as a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, including increased rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is often present in diabetic patients and exacerbates the severity of COVID-19. We explore the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 infection affects cholesterol pathways, highlighting the role of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in viral entry and replication. The review also discusses the potential therapeutic implications of targeting cholesterol metabolism in managing COVID-19 in diabetic populations. Understanding these complex interactions may provide insights into better clinical management strategies and improve outcomes for COVID-19 patients with diabetes.},
}

@article {pmid40788451,
year = {2025},
author = {Kumar, V and Martinez-Martin, N and Olson, NW},
title = {Ethical Issues in Rural Health Research: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Journal of bioethical inquiry},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40788451},
issn = {1872-4353},
support = {K01 MH118375-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {Rural communities experience well-documented systemic disparities in health access and outcomes in comparison to urban populations. However, the ethical dimensions of these disparities have received only limited attention, and ethical issues related to rural health research have received even less. With the COVID-19 pandemic casting new light on these inequities, we conducted a scoping review to determine how much has been written on ethical issues in rural health research and which ethical issues are most prevalent. Four overarching ethical themes emerged through the search: resource inequity, underrepresentation, the benefits of community-based research, and challenges related to participant autonomy. Additionally, the search revealed a dearth of articles on ethical issues in rural health research, particularly in the United States. Thus, we propose four recommendations to revitalize and guide ethics discussions of research in rural communities, including growing the literature on ethical issues in rural U.S. communities, encouraging collaboration between rural health and bioethics researchers, improving recognition of rural heterogeneity, and addressing new issues in light of COVID-19. Acting on these recommendations would expand and support rural research efforts and ultimately help ameliorate rural-urban health inequities.},
}

@article {pmid40788384,
year = {2025},
author = {Silva, TTSD and de Araújo Aguiar, GJ and Machado Santos, S and Florencio, L},
title = {A review on recent developments in sustainable healthcare waste management.},
journal = {Environmental science and pollution research international},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40788384},
issn = {1614-7499},
support = {IBPG-0531-3.01/21//Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco/ ; },
abstract = {This study addresses specific research gaps in the literature regarding HCW management by systematically analyzing the integration of sustainability and material circularity. It employs the PRISMA method and bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer, providing a clear structure for understanding current research trends. In this context, six thematic groups were identified: (i) management for decision-making, (ii) circular economy, (iii) COVID-19 pandemic, (iv) risk analysis, (v) governance, and (vi) disposal and treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a sharp rise in hazardous waste generation, requiring urgent policy adaptations, stricter strategies, and adequate investments to mitigate health risks and environmental impacts. Adopting the circular economy in HCW management requires effective regulation and cross-sector collaboration. To reduce costs, mitigate risks, and enhance resilience in the health sector, reintegrating recoverable HCW into the production cycle is essential. However, challenges remain due to the preference for single-use devices and hazardous waste management.},
}

@article {pmid40788382,
year = {2025},
author = {Fernández-Rojas, MA and Salazar, AM and Ostrosky-Wegman, P and Flisser, A and Mendlovic, F},
title = {A feedback loop between DNA damage, genomic instability, and cytoplasmic DNA sensing contributes to cytokine production in COVID-19.},
journal = {Archives of virology},
volume = {170},
number = {9},
pages = {192},
pmid = {40788382},
issn = {1432-8798},
support = {IN216121//DGAPA PAPIIT UNAM/ ; UNAM Postdoctoral Program//Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *COVID-19/immunology/genetics/virology ; *SARS-CoV-2/genetics/immunology ; *Genomic Instability ; *DNA Damage ; *Cytokines/metabolism/biosynthesis ; Cytoplasm/metabolism/genetics ; *DNA/immunology ; Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Inflammation ; },
abstract = {Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have investigated the inflammatory responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. In 2021, it was proposed that the cytokine storm observed in patients with severe COVID-19 may be initiated by sensing of cytoplasmic DNA released by micronuclei, which arises as a consequence of virus-induced genomic instability. Subsequent studies have described the presence of micronuclei and other genotoxic and cytotoxic markers in COVID-19 patients. However, the association between the development of a cytokine storm and cytoplasmic DNA sensing remains to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize current evidence on the dysregulated cytokine production in response to the detection of genetic material during SARS-CoV-2 infection. We focused mainly on the dysregulated production of cytokines induced by the activation of cytosolic DNA sensing pathways that promote inflammation. We emphasize the need to analyze the contribution of these signaling complexes to COVID-19 pathophysiology. DNA sensing amplifies the inflammatory response and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of severe disease manifestations observed in infected patients. Understanding this complex interplay can provide insights into potential therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating the hyper-inflammatory responses seen in severe COVID-19 cases.},
}

Humans
*COVID-19/immunology/genetics/virology
*SARS-CoV-2/genetics/immunology
*Genomic Instability
*DNA Damage
*Cytokines/metabolism/biosynthesis
Cytoplasm/metabolism/genetics
*DNA/immunology
Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology
Signal Transduction
Inflammation

@article {pmid40788115,
year = {2025},
author = {Tomeh, MA and Smith, RK and Watkinson, A},
title = {Recent Developments of RNA Vaccines and Therapeutics: Reagents, Formulations, and Characterization.},
journal = {Molecular pharmaceutics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c00670},
pmid = {40788115},
issn = {1543-8392},
abstract = {The past few years have shown significant clinical success for RNA vaccines in humans. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 into a global pandemic has boosted the transition of many RNAs to clinical trials and accelerated the development process of various types of RNA-based therapeutics, including vaccines, not only for respiratory illnesses but also for a wide range of diseases. Many studies have designed promising RNAs in various forms (small interfering RNA, mRNA, and self-amplifying RNA) or presented novel nanocarriers to maximize the performance of RNA-based therapeutics. There are several crucial aspects that must be covered during RNA vaccine development, including RNA design and synthesis, formulation optimization, and characterization. This paper aims to shed light on RNA vaccines and therapeutics with various properties and applications and provide a comprehensive review of the recent developments of formulation, analytics, and characterization studies.},
}