@article {pmid42408950,
year = {2026},
author = {Oh, JI and Ahn, NH and Lee, JY and Kim, SY and Jeong, JH and Song, YG and Cho, KH and Byun, AB},
title = {A new species and a new record of the genus Bucculatrix Zeller, 1839 (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) from Korea.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5750},
number = {1},
pages = {139-144},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.9},
pmid = {42408950},
issn = {1175-5334},
mesh = {Animals ; Republic of Korea ; Female ; Male ; *Moths/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Animal Distribution ; Phylogeny ; Animal Structures/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Organ Size ; Body Size ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; },
abstract = {In the present study, a new species, Bucculatrix bipuncticosta sp. nov. is described as new to science. Also, B. comporabile Seksjaeva, 1989, is reported for the first time from Korea. The external morphology and genital structures of them are described and illustrated in detail. In addition, mitochondrial COI DNA barcodes were extracted to analyze and compare the genetic information of Bucculatrix species recorded in Korea.},
}

Animals
Republic of Korea
Female
Male
*Moths/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development
Animal Distribution
Phylogeny
Animal Structures/anatomy & histology/growth & development
Organ Size
Body Size
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic

@article {pmid42408985,
year = {2026},
author = {Ding, YH and Li, GZ and Lu, JC and Zhang, F},
title = {New species of Homidia (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from Yunnan, China: morphology, DNA barcodes and first instar characteristics.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5787},
number = {3},
pages = {551-571},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5787.3.8},
pmid = {42408985},
issn = {1175-5334},
mesh = {Animals ; China ; *Arthropods/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Female ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Organ Size ; Body Size ; Animal Structures/growth & development/anatomy & histology ; Animal Distribution ; },
abstract = {This study formally describes a new species of Homidia Börner from Yunnan, China. Homidia quadriporasp. nov. is distinctly characterized by its purple body pigmentation, a V-shaped unpigmented area on the head, a lighter purple patch in the middle on the posterior half of the forth abdominal segment, four M-series mac-chaetae on the head, four pseudopores on the coxae of the mid leg, and a mac-chaeta m5 on the first abdominal segment. Comparative morphological and molecular analyses (using COI sequences) with phenotypically similar Homidia species corroborate its distinctiveness and support its designation as a new species. Furthermore, this research offers a crucial description of its first instar characteristics, comparing them with adult features and early stages of other Homidia species to illustrate developmental changes and differences.},
}

Animals
China
*Arthropods/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
Female
Male
Phylogeny
Organ Size
Body Size
Animal Structures/growth & development/anatomy & histology
Animal Distribution

@article {pmid42409188,
year = {2026},
author = {Wang, J and Han, J and Pang, X},
title = {DNA mini-barcoding: An innovative solution for degraded DNA and its multidisciplinary application landscape.},
journal = {Biotechnology advances},
volume = {92},
number = {},
pages = {108976},
doi = {10.1016/j.biotechadv.2026.108976},
pmid = {42409188},
issn = {1873-1899},
abstract = {DNA mini-barcoding amplifies short DNA fragments, overcoming the inherent limitations of conventional barcoding that targets longer regions and frequently fails in highly degraded DNA. Capitalizing on its distinct advantages in analyzing highly fragmented and complex-matrix DNA, this technology has emerged as a robust approach across disciplines. This review synthesizes current advances and delineates its expanding application landscape. Specifically, it facilitates biological evidence tracing in forensic science, enables the identification of fossils and archaeological remains, and verifies food authenticity. Furthermore, the technology permits the precise detection of adulteration within the traditional Chinese medicine trade chain and allows for effective species identification from environmental samples for biomonitoring. Importantly, it also shows promise in biodiversity assessment and the regulation of wildlife trade, especially when integrated with complementary techniques for trace DNA detection. This review elucidates the technical principles, evaluates interdisciplinary progress, and provides methodological references. Future research should prioritize optimizing primers for extreme degradation, constructing comprehensive reference libraries, and integrating mini-barcoding with quantitative technologies to enhance diagnostic precision.},
}

@article {pmid42411808,
year = {2026},
author = {Cerqueira, FJ and da Silva, M and Haerter, CAG and Mariotto, S and Centofante, L and Feldberg, E and Filho, OM and Margarido, VP and Blanco, DR and Lui, RL},
title = {DNA barcoding uncovers two putative new species in Trachelyopterus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae).},
journal = {Journal of fish biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jfb.70540},
pmid = {42411808},
issn = {1095-8649},
support = {//Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná (FAPPR)/ ; //Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)/ ; //Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)/ ; //Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)/ ; },
abstract = {Trachelyopterus is a cryptic genus within the Neotropical catfish family Auchenipteridae with a complex history of taxonomic revisions. Despite the notable morphological and genetic similarities among its species, some studies suggest that the genus harbours greater diversity than is currently recognized, including additional species yet to be formally described. One of the most widely used and effective approaches for investigating species delimitation and assessing biodiversity is DNA barcoding. The application of DNA barcoding has expanded considerably over the past decade, contributing significantly to the understanding of diversity across numerous groups of Neotropical fishes. Thus, in this study, we employed the DNA barcoding approach in both phenetic and phylogenetic contexts to investigate species diversity within the genus Trachelyopterus. Our sampling included four valid species previously identified based on morphology, collected from six hydrographic basins across the Neotropical region: Trachelyopterus galeatus, Trachelyopterus striatulus, Trachelyopterus porosus and Trachelyopterus coriaceus. Our results corroborate the validity of these four species and reveal two distinct lineages: one from the Araguaia River basin and another from the Pantanal in the Paraguay River basin, both of which may represent previously unrecognized species.},
}

@article {pmid42412770,
year = {2026},
author = {Nguyen, DT and Ho, LT},
title = {Correction: Leaf beetle diversity on a Southeast Asian continental island: Taxonomy, DNA barcoding, and preliminary evolutionary insights from Cat Ba Island, Vietnam.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {21},
number = {7},
pages = {e0353452},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0353452},
pmid = {42412770},
issn = {1932-6203},
abstract = {[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0351706.].},
}

@article {pmid42416297,
year = {2026},
author = {Tian, L and Wu, J and Ren, T and Duan, M and Tang, S and Hou, R and Gu, W and Jiang, D and Yang, X},
title = {The first complete mitochondrial genome sequences of Neopsylla specialis dechingensis and Neopsylla stevensi sichuanyunnana, with an assessment of their phylogenetic placement.},
journal = {Frontiers in veterinary science},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1865746},
pmid = {42416297},
issn = {2297-1769},
abstract = {Fleas are common blood-sucking external parasites found on mammals; they serve as important vectors for various pathogenic microorganisms and pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Mitochondrial genomes have been widely used in studies such as DNA barcoding for species identification and phylogenetics. Therefore, in this study, we performed sequencing of Neopsylla specialis dechingensis and Neopsylla stevensi sichuanyunnana on the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Genome assembly and gene annotation were subsequently done to obtain their complete mitochondrial genomes. Besides the two newly sequenced specimens, sequence information of 35 extra flea taxa downloaded from the NCBI database was adopted for overall comparative evaluation. The results showed that a significant AT base bias was present in the mitochondrial sequences of all 37 flea species tested. The Ka/Ks values calculated for the 13 PCGs were all lower than 1, which indicates that these genes are subject to persistent purifying selection. The Pi values indicated that ATP8 exhibited the highest variability, while ND5 was the most conserved. Phylogenetic trees were built based on 13 PCGs of 37 species, with Boreus elegans assigned as the outgroup, and both trees share highly identical topological structures. Both N. s. dechingensis and N. s. sichuanyunnana were clustered within the family Ctenophthalmidae. Furthermore, both trees supported the monophyly of the family Pulicidae with auto-expanded support values and posterior probabilities of 100 and 1, respectively. As important disease vectors, fleas pose a substantial risk to both human and veterinary health. However, complete mitochondrial genome data for fleas are currently extremely limited. For this reason, ongoing expansion of the flea mitochondrial genome database is critical to advancing related research efforts.},
}

@article {pmid42408920,
year = {2026},
author = {Birindelli, JLO and Vieira, F and Garavello, JC},
title = {A new species of Leporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the rio Jequitinhonha, eastern Brazil.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5750},
number = {4},
pages = {564-578},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5750.4.6},
pmid = {42408920},
issn = {1175-5334},
mesh = {Animals ; Brazil ; *Characiformes/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Phylogeny ; Female ; Male ; Animal Structures/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Body Size ; Animal Distribution ; Organ Size ; },
abstract = {A new species of Leporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) is described from tributaries of the upper rio Jequitinhonha basin, eastern Brazil, based on morphological and molecular evidence. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the unique combination of three premaxillary and four dentary teeth, 12 scale rows around the caudal peduncle, three large dark midlateral blotches on the body, and a conspicuous red spot on the posterior portion of the upper lip. It is further characterized by its reduced body size, with the largest known specimen reaching only 128.6 mm of standard length, an uncommon condition among anostomids. DNA barcoding analyses (COI) revealed genetic divergences ranging from 3.8% to 8.5% from its closest congeners (L. microphthalmus and L. amblyrhynchus) and consistently recovered all specimens of the new species as a distinct Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit. Phylogenetic analyses placed the new species within the L. melanopleura clade, together with L. amblyrhynchus, L. melanopleura, L. melanopleurodes, and L. microphthalmus. The species is endemic to a restricted area of the rio Jequitinhonha basin, where its populations are likely severely fragmented and threatened by multiple anthropogenic impacts. The discovery of this small-sized anostomid adds to the growing evidence of high levels of endemism and conservation concerns in eastern Brazilian coastal drainages.},
}

Animals
Brazil
*Characiformes/classification/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development
Phylogeny
Female
Male
Animal Structures/anatomy & histology/growth & development
Body Size
Animal Distribution
Organ Size

@article {pmid42408924,
year = {2026},
author = {Ricafort, JA and Pelingen, AL and Fontanilla, IKC and Bae, YJ and Uy-Yabut, CJC},
title = {A new stonefly species Neoperla lamesae sp. nov. (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Quezon City, Philippines, with associated life stages and notes on Neoperla recta Banks, 1913 taxonomy.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5750},
number = {3},
pages = {353-370},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5750.3.2},
pmid = {42408924},
issn = {1175-5334},
mesh = {Animals ; Male ; Philippines ; Female ; *Insecta/classification/anatomy & histology/growth & development/genetics ; Animal Distribution ; Animal Structures/growth & development/anatomy & histology ; Body Size ; Organ Size ; Life Cycle Stages ; },
abstract = {A new Plecoptera species Neoperla lamesae sp. nov. Ricafort & Uy-Yabut, 2025 is described and figured from La Mesa Watershed Reservation, Quezon City, Philippines. The description includes all the life stages from egg to adult, confirmed to be from the same species using DNA barcoding. The male adult penis closely resembles a locality morphotype of N. recta. The associated female adult is differentially diagnosed against the N. recta female lectotype by the vaginal sclerites and the polygonal chorion pattern of the egg. The COI data suggest species divergence of two N. recta male penis morphotypes, the Makiling and Imugin morphotypes. The observed COI divergence and previously documented penis variability of N. recta suggest a reevaluation of the species complex.},
}

Animals
Male
Philippines
Female
*Insecta/classification/anatomy & histology/growth & development/genetics
Animal Distribution
Animal Structures/growth & development/anatomy & histology
Body Size
Organ Size
Life Cycle Stages

@article {pmid42398352,
year = {2026},
author = {Rolland, N and Mounier, J and Cadoret, M and Girard, V and Perrin, G and Treguer, S and Cloarec, O and Van Long, NN and Fiabane, L and Deniel, F and Vasseur, V and Jany, JL},
title = {Diversity and source-tracking of spoilage molds in bakery products using MALDI-TOF MS and molecular approaches.},
journal = {International journal of food microbiology},
volume = {459},
number = {},
pages = {111924},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111924},
pmid = {42398352},
issn = {1879-3460},
abstract = {Filamentous fungi are significant contributors to global food losses and waste including bakery products. In the baking industry, mold contamination often occurs at the post-baking stage due to exposure to ambient air. The aim of this study was to investigate fungal diversity and to track the environmental sources of spoilage molds in finished products in a French industrial bakery plant, using MALDI-TOF MS and molecular approaches including barcoding and genotyping of microsatellites using next-generation sequencing (SSR-seq). Furthermore, we evaluated MALDI-TOF MS as a rapid tool for the source-tracking of two spoilage molds, i.e., Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Penicillium brevicompactum. Samples from air, food contact surfaces, work clothes and cakes were collected once every four weeks for 42 weeks on 1-4 consecutive days at 2 times. Results showed that areas with uncontrolled air quality such as the pre-baking area, had higher fungal loads compared to air-controlled areas such as post-baking zones. Products not sprayed with ethanol showed significantly higher mold contamination frequency highlighting the importance of surface treatment in reducing spoilage. Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Penicillium brevicompactum, known for their xerophilic and airborne dispersal capabilities, were identified as the main product spoilers. SSR-seq provided insights into the genetic diversity of these species and showed that certain haplotypes, particularly originating from post-baking areas, were more frequently found on spoiled cakes suggesting repeated contamination events from persistent sources. Using both unsupervised and supervised approaches, we showed that there was a good agreement between MALDI-TOF MS and genotyping data analysis at the population level. This study provides new insights into the fungal ecology encountered in the bakery industry.},
}

@article {pmid42399051,
year = {2026},
author = {Goerdeler, F and Narimatsu, Y and Büll, C},
title = {Cell-based mucin arrays.},
journal = {Methods in enzymology},
volume = {732},
number = {},
pages = {177-218},
doi = {10.1016/bs.mie.2026.03.006},
pmid = {42399051},
issn = {1557-7988},
mesh = {Humans ; *Mucins/metabolism/chemistry/genetics/analysis ; Animals ; Polysaccharides/metabolism/chemistry ; HEK293 Cells ; CHO Cells ; Cricetulus ; Glycosylation ; *Protein Array Analysis/methods ; },
abstract = {The cell-based mucin array is a versatile platform for expressing and interrogating recombinant mucin reporter proteins with representative patterning and customizable O-glycan structures. The platform is based on glycoengineered mammalian cell lines (HEK293/CHO), in which the glycosylation machinery is genetically rewritten to enable controlled display of specific O-glycan core structures and terminal epitopes with defined sialylation, fucosylation, and sulfation. Uniquely, the platform presents glycans in their native protein context, enabling investigation of how O-glycan density, clustering, and multivalency influence interactions with mucins. A conceptual framework for recognition of such glycan-context cues is provided by the patterned arrangement of O-glycans within mucin O-glycodomains, often composed of tandem repeat (TR) sequences with distinct O-glycosites resembling molecular barcodes. Mucin reporters mimic the serine-, threonine-, and proline-rich domains of natural mucins and mucin-like proteins or they can be designed as artificial Glycocarriers with model O-glycan cluster motifs. Reporters expressed as membrane-bound forms for cell display or as secreted fusion proteins for production can be applied in diverse bioassays. They have been used to probe glycan/mucin binding by viral and microbial adhesins, as well as human Siglec immune receptors. Moreover, the platform provides defined substrates for functional analyses of mucin and O-glycodomain degradation by microbial O-glycopeptidases or mucinases, revealing information of substrate specificities, cleavage points, and catalytic mechanisms. This chapter describes how the cell-based mucin array can be used to dissect interactions with mucins by glycan- and mucin-binding receptors as well as mucinases. The platform overcomes limitations of contemporary technologies by enabling studies with mimics of natural mucins and O-glycodomains that preserve clustered and patterned O-glycan contexts.},
}

Humans
*Mucins/metabolism/chemistry/genetics/analysis
Animals
Polysaccharides/metabolism/chemistry
HEK293 Cells
CHO Cells
Cricetulus
Glycosylation
*Protein Array Analysis/methods

@article {pmid42399057,
year = {2026},
author = {Gupta, S and Lima, GM and Peng, C and Derda, R},
title = {Exploration of mucin-protein interactions using liquid glycan array.},
journal = {Methods in enzymology},
volume = {732},
number = {},
pages = {391-453},
doi = {10.1016/bs.mie.2026.05.003},
pmid = {42399057},
issn = {1557-7988},
mesh = {*Polysaccharides/chemistry/metabolism ; *Mucins/metabolism/chemistry ; Bacteriophage M13/genetics/metabolism/chemistry ; Protein Binding ; },
abstract = {M13 phage makes it possible to produce DNA-encoded display of any molecules stable in water by prospective DNA-barcoding. For example, chemical conjugation of a glycan to an M13 virion that contains a prospectively introduced DNA barcode in the M13 genome creates a DNA-barcoded glycophage. In this glycophage, there is a 1:1 correspondence between the DNA sequence inside the phage and the structure of the glycan displayed on the surface of the phage. The same construct simultaneously illustrates the concept of DNA-encoded multivalency because there is a one-to-one correspondence between the DNA barcode and the displayed density. In this chapter, we show that a collection of these DNA-barcoded multivalent glycophages, known as Liquid Glycan Array (LiGA), can measure the glycan-recognition profile of mucin-binding proteins. Using DNA-encoded multivalency, we make an intriguing observation that a simple ultra-dense display of D-galactose on M13 "looks like mucin" because it binds to the proteolytically inactive E447D mutant of mucinase StcE (StcE[E447D]). The binding is specific because StcE[E447D] does not bind to the ultra-high-density display of the enantiomer control, L-galactose, nor to the diastereomer controls (D-glucose and D-mannose).},
}

*Polysaccharides/chemistry/metabolism
*Mucins/metabolism/chemistry
Bacteriophage M13/genetics/metabolism/chemistry
Protein Binding

@article {pmid42400034,
year = {2026},
author = {Husin, NA and Low, VL and AbdulRahim, MHS and Abdullah Halim, MR and AbdulHalim, AA and Mohd-Redzuan, MAA and Jiliun, EA and Mohd Kharip Shah, AK and Makepeace, BL and Ya'cob, Z},
title = {Mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA barcoding improve species delimitation of ixodid ticks in Peninsular Malaysia.},
journal = {Parasites & vectors},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1186/s13071-026-07546-3},
pmid = {42400034},
issn = {1756-3305},
support = {Sub-program MO002A-2021//Dana Langganan Sukuk Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat (SUKUK PRIHATIN), Malaysia Ministry of Finance through the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia/ ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are major vectors of zoonotic pathogens affecting humans and animals. Accurate species identification is essential for surveillance and disease risk assessment but is often hindered by morphological similarity and intraspecific variation. In Malaysia, tick studies have largely relied on morphology or single-gene barcoding, with limited taxonomic and geographic coverage.

METHODS: This study applied a multilocus mitochondrial approach using cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) to evaluate species boundaries among ixodid ticks from Peninsular Malaysia. Ticks were collected from wild and domestic hosts between 2022 and 2023. A total of 319 specimens representing 14 morphologically defined species were analysed using COI and 16S rDNA sequencing, with additional reference sequences retrieved from GenBank for comparative analyses. Phylogenetic reconstruction, barcode gap assessment, and four species delimitation methods (ASAP, ABGD, bPTP, and GMYC) were employed to assess genetic divergence and identification accuracy.

RESULTS: Molecular analyses were largely congruent with morphological identification. Distance-based delimitation methods (ASAP and ABGD) recovered operational taxonomic units (OTUs) largely consistent with morphologically defined species, whereas tree-based approaches (bPTP and GMYC) inferred substantially higher numbers of OTUs, reflecting sensitivity to intraspecific mitochondrial structuring. These additional subdivisions are interpreted conservatively as population-level genetic differentiation rather than evidence of distinct species. Clear barcode gaps were observed for COI and the concatenated COI + 16S rDNA datasets, whereas partial overlap occurred with 16S rDNA alone. COI demonstrated the highest and most consistent performance for routine species identification, while concatenated datasets improved phylogenetic resolution but reduced assignment clarity under strict barcoding criteria.

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, COI remains the most effective mitochondrial marker for routine species identification of ixodid ticks in Peninsular Malaysia. These findings highlight the value of integrative approaches combining morphology and molecular data to strengthen tick taxonomy and support surveillance of tick-borne pathogens in the region.},
}

@article {pmid42402011,
year = {2026},
author = {Liu, Q and Ma, N and Tang, W and Chen, Q and Tang, D and Zeng, C and Wang, X and Xi, H},
title = {Application of Cell-Free DNA Barcode-Enabled Single-Molecule Test for Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing of α-Thalassemia and β-Thalassemia.},
journal = {Journal of clinical laboratory analysis},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e70298},
doi = {10.1002/jcla.70298},
pmid = {42402011},
issn = {1098-2825},
support = {2025YFC2708200//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 2026JJ81843//Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province/ ; 2019SK1010//Major Science and Technology Special Project for Collaborative Prevention and Control of Birth Defects in Hunan Province/ ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of using the cell-free DNA barcode-enabled single-molecule test (cfBEST) for non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia.

METHODS: Seventy two thalassemia carrier families participated in the study. The cfBEST method was employed to identify thalassemia genotypes in fetal cell-free DNA extracted from maternal plasma, targeting four α-thalassemia gene mutations and 13 common β-thalassemia gene mutations. Validation was conducted using gap-PCR and PCR-RDB through invasive prenatal diagnosis. All prenatal diagnosis results were later confirmed for accuracy.

RESULTS: cfBEST successfully identified 94.6% (88/93) of fetal alleles, achieving a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI, 83.45%-98.75%) and a specificity of 95.35% (95% CI, 84.19%-99.43%). All prenatal diagnosis results were followed up, and the follow-up findings were consistent with the prenatal diagnosis results.

CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that cfBEST is a reliable, precise, simple, and cost-efficient method suitable for non-invasive prenatal testing of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia.},
}

@article {pmid42404949,
year = {2026},
author = {Aymée, L and Moura, VC and Pereira, MDS and Lilenbaum, W and Azevedo, MIND},
title = {Integrative assessment of species-level genetic markers for the diagnosis of pathogenic Leptospira.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1837984},
pmid = {42404949},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {Genetic Markers/genetics ; *Leptospira/genetics/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; *Leptospirosis/diagnosis/microbiology ; Humans ; Species Specificity ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Leptospiral isolation and whole-genome sequencing are often unfeasible for genotyping; therefore, single-locus culture-independent sequencing is widely used. However, primer sets remain broadly applied without comprehensive quantitative or qualitative performance evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: This study integrated in silico primer performance, phylogenetic benchmarking, and barcoding gap analysis to identify Leptospira markers that best delimit species, support diagnostics, and enable standardized BLAST identity cut-off thresholds.

METHODS: An integrative analysis evaluated 10 primer pairs targeting seven loci: secY inner, secY outer, lfb1, flaB, rpoB, gyrB, and lipL32. New primers for 16S rRNA and flaB were designed and included in the framework. Primer hybridization and theoretical amplification were assessed in silico in genomes of five pathogenic Leptospira species. The best-performing markers were then tested for congruence with core-genome and full-ppk phylogenies. Global and species-specific barcoding gap analyses assessed genetic distances, and BLAST identity cut-offs were proposed for markers performing consistently across all steps.

RESULTS: Only five markers showed good theoretical amplification performance: 16S rRNA, secY outer, flaB, rpoB, and lipL32. However, only the phylogenies generated from secY outer, redesigned flaB, and lipL32 were similar with core-genome and ppk trees. Barcoding analyses further showed that only secY outer and redesigned flaB could discriminate both species and intraspecific strains, with proposed BLAST identity cut-offs of 96 and 95%, respectively.

DISCUSSION: The present study extends barcoding gap analysis to bacterial marker evaluation within an integrative framework, an approach previously applied mainly to Metazoa. It also highlights an important limitation in the widespread use of genotyping markers that lack reliable in silico amplification performance and sufficient intra- and interspecific discriminatory power. Together, these findings support the combined use of secY outer and redesigned flaB for molecular surveillance of the main pathogenic leptospires, although further in vitro validation remains needed.},
}

Genetic Markers/genetics
*Leptospira/genetics/isolation & purification
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
*Leptospirosis/diagnosis/microbiology
Humans
Species Specificity

@article {pmid42406808,
year = {2026},
author = {Barta, AC and Kruckenhauser, L and Büttner, H and Greilhuber, M and Hasenhütl, K and Koblmüller, S and Kremp, L and Macek, O and Sommer, H and Szucsich, NU and Schwentner, M},
title = {DNA barcoding of Austrian terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) reveals potential cryptic diversity.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {21},
number = {7},
pages = {e0352446},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0352446},
pmid = {42406808},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Animals ; *DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods ; Austria ; *Isopoda/genetics/classification ; Phylogeny ; *Biodiversity ; Genetic Variation ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; Species Specificity ; },
abstract = {Terrestrial isopods or Oniscidea are a diverse and ecologically important taxon. Austria has a relatively high species diversity with over 60 known species. In this study, we aim to provide DNA barcode reference data for the Austrian Oniscidea and to update the species inventory, which was last reviewed nearly 50 years ago. Although the focus was on freshly collected specimens, we also successfully sequenced historic museum specimens, thereby testing different museomic techniques including Sanger-based and Illumina-based methods. In total, 533 COI barcodes were generated, representing 49 of the 64 species and subspecies reported from Austria (= 76% of the species diversity), including two species not previously reported: Philoscia muscorum muscorum and P. affinis affinis. Several species exhibited large intraspecific genetic distances and the best-scoring ASAP partition (with a threshold of 6.2%) split the 49 studied species into 59 mOTUs. Even the more conservative partition with a threshold of 9.8% suggested the presence of further hitherto unrecognized species. One example is Ligidium germanicum, where we were able to demonstrate minor but consistent morphological differences in the shape of the endopod of pleopod II. COI data of historic specimens was successfully obtained. Sanger-based approaches using mini-barcodes in combination with a prior DNA repair step were more cost and labor effective than Illumina-based genome skimming approaches. This COI barcoding data plays an important role in bridging gaps in the representation of rare soil species, thus supporting the Austrian Barcode of Life Initiative (ABOL) and providing important reference data for future biodiversity and monitoring studies.},
}

Animals
*DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods
Austria
*Isopoda/genetics/classification
Phylogeny
*Biodiversity
Genetic Variation
Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics
Species Specificity

@article {pmid42407454,
year = {2025},
author = {Eiseman, CS and Feldman, TS and Hespenheide, HA and Macrae, TC and Palmer, MW and Woodley, NE and Zappa, M},
title = {New larval host records and DNA barcoding data for North American leaf-mining jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5719},
number = {4},
pages = {489-534},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5719.4.3},
pmid = {42407454},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Fifteen species of North American leaf-mining jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) are discussed. For each species, we review previous records of larval and adult hosts and associated hymenopteran parasitoids, augmenting these with our own observations. We present the first rearing records for Pachyschelus schwarzi Kerremans, Taphrocerus albodistinctus Knull, T. howardi Obenberger, and T. nicolayi Obenberger; new larval host families are documented for Brachysaerosus (Melsheimer), and new larval host genera for P. laevigatus (Say) and T. gracilis (Say). Observations of additional leaf mines of undetermined Brachys, Pachyschelus, and Taphrocerus species are reported, representing new larval host records for these genera. We also present original DNA barcoding data showing intra- and interspecific variation among ten of the species discussed. No substantial differences in COI barcode were found among specimens of the B. aerosus complex obtained from different host genera and families, including paratypes of B. howdeni Hespenheide. Barcoding also did not distinguish between P. laevigatus (Say) and P. nicolayi Obenberger. However, differences of 3.7-4.0% were found between specimens of P. purpureus purpureus (Say) and P. uvaldei Knull, rev. stat., which has been treated as a subspecies of P. purpureus for the past 50 years and whose range is shown to extend to Oklahoma, well north of previous records from southern Texas. New morphological data are presented distinguishing these two species, which have likely been confused in collections due to previously undocumented color variation in P. uvaldei. Our barcode data also suggest the possibility of one or more cryptic species resembling T. gracilis and T. nicolayi.},
}

@article {pmid42407461,
year = {2025},
author = {Bassi, G and Huemer, P},
title = {Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5719},
number = {3},
pages = {301-326},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1},
pmid = {42407461},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The extensive study of the original descriptions and of rich material allowed us to review the Catoptria coulonellus species group, with its species C. coulonellus (Duponchel, 1836) sp. reinst., C. combinella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) = C. petrificella (Hübner, 1796) syn. nov., C. hannemanni Alberti, 1967, C. orientellus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850), C. spodiellus (Rebel, 1916), C. trichostomus (Christoph, 1858), C. lythargyrella (Hübner, 1796), C. domaviellus (Rebel, 1904), C. nikai sp. nov., C. richteri sp. nov., C. kasyi Błeszyński, 1960, C. korab sp. nov., C. plat sp. nov., C. sarplanina sp. nov., and C. biformellus (Rebel, 1893). Neotypes of C. combinella, C. petrificella, C. orientellus and C. lythargyrella are designated to fix the identity of these names. All species are fully illustrated, females of C. hannemanni for the first time. Finally, DNA barcodes are provided for a selection of available species and applied for an integrative species delimitation.},
}

@article {pmid42407517,
year = {2025},
author = {Li, JZ and Chen, JY and Yang, JT and Zhao, LY and Guo, J and Li, XJ},
title = {DNA barcoding of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Bashang Grassland of Hebei, China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5729},
number = {3},
pages = {425-436},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5729.3.2},
pmid = {42407517},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Grasshoppers are significant pests in agriculture, animal husbandry, and forestry. They are widely distributed and numerous species, with some taxa exhibiting considerable morphological variation, which poses substantial challenges for traditional taxonomic classification. DNA barcoding has become an essential tool for species identification, serving as an effective complement to morphological taxonomy. This study focuses on grasshoppers from the Bashang Grassland in Hebei Province, China. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences were used as DNA barcode sequences, which were obtained and analyzed using molecular biology techniques. In addition, homologous sequences of related species were retrieved from GenBank, resulting in a barcode dataset comprising 237 sequences from 42 species, 26 genera. Phylogenetic analysis barcoding gap assessment were performed, and multiple species delimitation methods-including ABGD, ASAP, GMYC, and mPTP-were applied for comprehensive evaluation. The results demonstrated that DNA barcoding can effectively delineate species-level taxonomic units for many grasshoppers, providing a powerful supplement to morphological taxonomy. However, the grasshopper taxa include both groups with high cryptic genetic diversity and closely related species that are difficult to distinguish using barcoding alone. Therefore, accurate identification of grasshopper species still requires integration with morphological approaches.},
}

@article {pmid42407520,
year = {2025},
author = {Ruane, S and Rakotoarimalala, F and Kuhn, AL and Raselimanana, AP},
title = {Brygophis coulangesi (Domergue, 1988) (Serpentes: Pseudoxyrhophiidae) and its taxonomic relationship with respect to Compsophis (Günther, 1882).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5729},
number = {3},
pages = {469-476},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5729.3.5},
pmid = {42407520},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Described in 1988, the monotypic Malagasy snake Brygophis coulangesi (Domergue, 1988) has rarely been seen, with only two vouchered specimens in collections and never before included in any molecular phylogenetic studies. Here, using recently collected tissue samples from two Brygophis coulangesi from northeastern Madagascar, we sequenced the commonly used barcoding gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I to determine placement of these two Brygophis specimens with respect to the similar and more well-known genus Compsophis (Günther, 1882). Unsurprisingly, given its previously noted morphological similarity to Compsophis, we find that Brygophis is deeply nested within Compsophis and thus should be referred to as Compsophis coulangesicomb. nov.},
}

@article {pmid42407528,
year = {2025},
author = {Sun, J and Wang, DY and Qiu, JP and Jiang, JB and Liu, MQ},
title = {Three newly discovered species of Amynthas earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Jiangxi Province and adjacent regions of China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5729},
number = {2},
pages = {283-314},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5729.2.4},
pmid = {42407528},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This study describes three new earthworm species, namely, Amynthas yichunensis Sun & Jiang, sp. nov., A. huizhouensis Sun & Jiang, sp. nov., and A. shangraoensis Sun & Jiang, sp. nov.A. yichunensissp. nov. exhibits variability in the number and position of spermathecal pores, with 0, 1, or 2 pairs located at intersegmental furrow 8/9 or spanning segments 7/8-8/9. A. huizhouensis sp. nov. possesses three pairs of spermathecal pores, located at intersegmental furrows 5/6-7/8, similar to other species within the A. gracilis group. A. shangraoensis sp. nov. features four pairs of spermathecal pores, which places it within the A. corticis group, with the pores located at intersegmental furrows 5/6-8/9. The genetic barcodes for the newly identified species have been submitted to the GenBank database.},
}

@article {pmid42407537,
year = {2025},
author = {Stroiński, A and Łukasik, P and Bartlett, CR and Pilet, F and Hasinjaka, RH and Randretsiferana, SA and Razafindrakotomamonjy, A and Bahder, BW},
title = {New planthoppers in the genus Fescennia (Hemiptera: Derbidae) from screw palms (Pandanus spp.) in eastern Madagascar, with redescription of F. bivittata and an updated key to the genus.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5729},
number = {1},
pages = {75-104},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5729.1.3},
pmid = {42407537},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A survey of planthoppers associated with palms in Madagascar was initiated to assess putative vectors of a phytoplasma causing palm decline. As part of that survey, three species in the genus Fescennia Stål (the type species and two new species) were found associated with screw palms (Pandanus, Pandanaceae). Here, we describe two new species of Fescennia with an amended description of F. bivittata (Coquerel), provide a key to species, and molecular for the barcoding region (5' half) of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, 18S rRNA gene, and the D9-D10 expansion region of the 28S rRNA gene for each species to support the monophyly of Fescennia. Aethocauda Williams is transferred to Phenicini from Cenchreini.},
}

@article {pmid42407554,
year = {2025},
author = {Faynel, C and Huertas, B and Crom, JFL and O'Brien, R and Fåhraeus, C},
title = {Diagnostic male secondary sexual structures and wing patterns in the Thereus genena species group (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae) with the description of nine new species from Colombia, Peru, Brazil and French Guiana.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5728},
number = {2},
pages = {201-246},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5728.2.1},
pmid = {42407554},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A review of the genena species group of Thereus Hübner is provided, based on literature, barcoded specimens, genome type material and recent collecting data, as part of an ongoing revisionary work on this genus. Previously, the genena species group contained five species and four synonyms, this study reveals nine new species and two previously unrecognized species whose names are here removed from synonymy. Thereus geminus Faynel & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: Peru) is similar to T. endera but the ventral hindwing postmedian line is straight (no gap as in T. endera). Thereus cacao Faynel & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: French Guiana) is close to T. endera but males have blue-violet coloration dorsally (compared to the grey-dull blue of T. endera) and the ventral postmedian line is displaced on the forewing. Thereus antecum Faynel & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: French Guiana) is a large species reminiscent of Thereus endera (Hewitson), with a different shape of the postmedian line ventrally. Thereus chontachaca Faynel, Fåhraeus & González-Mercado sp. nov. (type-locality: Peru) is similar to Thereus ortalus (Godman & Salvin) and Thereus praxis (Godman & Salvin), although smaller and with a bigger black scent patch on the male dorsal forewing. Thereus ramirezi Faynel, Huertas & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: Peru) is characterized by a wave-shaped dorsal edge of the vinculum supporting brush organs in the male genitalia, a character that is unique in the genena species group. Thereus borbaensis Faynel, O'Brien & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: Brazil) is bigger than the previous two species with a wider black scent patch on the male forewing. Thereus confusus Faynel & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: Brazil) was previously confused with T. ortalus but differs by its flattened oval scent patch on the male dorsal forewing. Thereus praxioides Faynel & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: French Guiana) resembles T. praxis but differs by having thinner black margins and different oval scent patch on the male forewing. Thereus aguacatal Faynel, Le Crom, & Fåhraeus sp. nov. (type-locality: Colombia) looks like T. ortalus but has a single androconial patch on the male dorsal forewing. In addition to these new descriptions, some species-names are removed from synonymy: Thereus angulus (Le Crom & K. Johnson), stat. rev., type locality: Colombia (Meta), from T. endera, type-locality: Brazil (Amazonas) and Thereus ortaloides (Lathy), stat. rev., type-locality: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), from T. ortalus, type-locality: Mexico (Veracruz). Consequently, we reinstate these nominal taxa to their original status, arrangements that are supported also by genomic work and barcoding of type material. To stabilize nomenclature, lectotypes are designated for Thecla endera Hewitson, Thecla genena Hewitson, Thecla praxis Godman & Salvin and Thecla ortalus Godman & Salvin. A neotype is designated for Thecla tiasa Hewitson to define this nominal taxon objectively. A key to identify species of the genena species group is provided using male characters.},
}

@article {pmid42407581,
year = {2025},
author = {Liao, YC and Inoue, H and Percy, DM},
title = {The psyllid genus Triozidus Li, 1994 stat. rev., sensu novo (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae) in East Asia is redefined with the addition of two new species from Taiwan inducing galls on the leaflet petiolules of Eleutherococcus trifoliatus (Araliaceae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5727},
number = {1},
pages = {113-139},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5727.1.8},
pmid = {42407581},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The genus Triozidus Li, 1994 stat. rev., sensu novo has a complex history. Here we redefine the genus as a natural group with two new species from Taiwan, Triozidus burckhardti Liao & Percy sp. nov. from the southernmost peninsula, and Triozidus yangorum Liao & Percy sp. nov. from the central and northern mountain region. In addition, we redescribe the type species, Triozidus stackelbergi (Loginova, 1967) comb. nov. and Triozidusukogi (Shinji, 1940) comb. nov., and we propose new combinations for a further two species as follows: Triozidus ceratophorus (Li, 2005) comb. nov. and Triozidus eleutherococci (Konovalova, 1980) comb. nov.; all new combinations except the latter are transferred from Heterotrioza Dobreanu & Manolache, and T. eleutherococci from Trioza Foerster. All but one Triozidus species with confirmed host plants are known to produce enclosed galls on Eleutherococcus (Araliaceae): Triozidus stackelbergi produces round galls on the leaf surface of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus or more variably on leaf petioles, flowers, fruits and twigs of E. divaricatus; T. ukogi produces spindle-shaped galls on the leaf petioles or petiolules of E. spinosus; and T. yangorum produces round galls on the petiolules of the compound leaves or leaf bases of Eleutherococcus trifoliatus; T. burckhardti appears to share the same host plant and similar galling biology as T. yangorum. The description of T. yangorum and redescriptions of T. stackelbergi and T. ukogi are based on adults and immatures, and the immatures of T. stackelbergi and T. ukogi are described for the first time. Additionally, we provide new host and distribution records for T. stackelbergi in Japan. We provide identification keys for both adults and immatures, DNA barcode data for four of the six species, and an annotated mitochondrial genome for T.yangorum.},
}

@article {pmid42407583,
year = {2025},
author = {Inoue, H},
title = {Taxonomy and DNA barcoding of Cyamophila (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) from Japan, with the description of a new species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5727},
number = {1},
pages = {148-169},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5727.1.10},
pmid = {42407583},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The jumping plant-lice of the genus Cyamophila from Japan are reviewed. Three species are recognized. The new species, Cyamophila burckhardtisp. nov. is described. One new synonym is proposed: Cyamophila hexastigma (Horváth) = Cyamophila floribundae Cho & Burckhardt syn. nov.Cyamophila hexastigma and C. willieti (Wu) are redescribed, and the latter is newly recorded from Japan. Keys to species for adults and immatures, diagnoses, biological information, and DNA barcoding results are provided.},
}

@article {pmid42407647,
year = {2025},
author = {Genson, G and Pierre, É and Montgelard, C and Streito, JC},
title = {DNA Barcoding of west European Strachiini questions the validity of several species of the genus Eurydema (Hemiptera. Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5725},
number = {3},
pages = {301-340},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5725.3.1},
pmid = {42407647},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The pentatomid tribe Strachiini includes numerous crop pests, notably the genus Eurydema Laporte, 1833, which comprises Palaearctic species feeding on cruciferous plants. In a context of reduced pesticide use and increased biological invasions, the damage caused by Strachiini to European crops has increased over the past few years. Rapid identification of these pests at all stages of their development is therefore becoming crucial. In this context, we investigated whether DNA barcoding can reliably distinguish all developmental stages of Western European Strachiini species and invasive congeners. We analysed 325 specimens collected worldwide, using both newly generated in-home and publicly available COI sequences. Species boundaries were assessed through distance-based and phylogenetic tree-based methods, including Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML). Morphological identification of Strachiini was generally consistent and reached a consensus, except for a few challenging species pairs such as Eurydema fieberi Schummel, 1837 / E. rotundicollis (Dohrn, 1860) and Eurydema spectabilis Horváth, 1882 / E. eckerleini Josifov, 1961. We therefore used as reference material in this study, specimens preserved in institutional or private collections, consensually identified by several generations of specialists. Our results confirms that Eurydema species of agronomic importance and their related invasive congeners can be reliably identified through DNA barcoding except for several species within the large genus Eurydema, for which discrepancies between morphological and molecular identifications were highlighted. A curated set of validated sequences has been deposited in the BOLD Systems (https://id.boldsystems.org/), GenBank, NCBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and ARTHEMIS databases (https://arthemisdb.supagro.inrae.fr/) to support accurate molecular identification. The taxonomic issues highlighted in the large genus Eurydema are discussed. They will require further investigation and may lead to necessary taxonomic revisions, hence, some of these (e.g. involving the widespread pest species E. ornata) could have agronomic implications.},
}

@article {pmid42407659,
year = {2025},
author = {Kasparek, M and Shebl, MA},
title = {Molecular evidence supports the recognition of two distinct species within Anthidium minimum Pasteels, 1969, from the Afro-Arabian zoogeographic region (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5725},
number = {2},
pages = {267-278},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5725.2.5},
pmid = {42407659},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The Afro-Arabian zoogeographic region, dominated by extensive drylands, harbours a comparatively poor fauna of wild bees, but with many taxa still undescribed or of uncertain taxonomic status. Anthidium minimum Pasteels, 1969, the priority name for the species most frequently referred to in the literature as Anthidium amabile Alfken, 1932 nec Cockerell, 1904, has been reported as widely distributed in the region. Mitochondrial DNA barcoding (COI gene) revealed that specimens assigned to A. minimum actually represent two clearly distinct species: Anthidium minimum, occurring from Oman through Egypt to Algeria, and Anthidium amandum Kasparek sp. nov., occurring from Oman through Yemen and Saudi Arabia to Sudan. The ranges of the two species overlap at the eastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula. While certain colour traits reliably separate them, the presence of colour morphs in both species creates a complex pattern that likely explains why their distinctiveness has so far remained unrecognised.},
}

@article {pmid42407694,
year = {2025},
author = {Houart, R and Russini, V and Fassio, G and Oliverio, M},
title = {Developmental types and a new cryptic species of Chicoreus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from Papua New Guinea.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5723},
number = {2},
pages = {245-267},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5723.2.5},
pmid = {42407694},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The two Indo-West Pacific muricid gastropods Chicoreus brunneus (Link, 1807) and C. microphyllus (Lamarck, 1822), are commonly thought to develop via a non-planktotrophic larval stage, as witnessed by their paucispiral larval shell. We have found specimens morphologically ascribable to these two taxa, but with multispiral protoconchs clearly indicating planktotrophic development, and have addressed their status by comparing sequences of the DNA barcode fragment (cytochrome c oxidase I, cox1) from specimens of the two complexes with both protoconch types. While the genetic data are not conclusive for the C. brunneus complex (although suggestive of a cryptic diversity), the specimens of the C. microphyllus complex with multispiral protoconch are clearly not conspecific with those with paucispiral protoconch, and are here described as a new taxon: C. phyrtossp. nov.},
}

@article {pmid42407701,
year = {2025},
author = {Lods-Crozet, B and Semenchenko, AA and Makarchenko, EA},
title = {Morphological redescription and DNA barcoding of Diamesa longipes Goetghebuer, 1941 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from the Swiss Alps.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5723},
number = {1},
pages = {93-104},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5723.1.4},
pmid = {42407701},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Morphological redescription of Diamesa longipes Goetghebuer with using syntype from the Ötztal Alps (Tyrol) as well as the adult male and pupa from the Zermatt valley (canton Valais) downstream of the Gornera glacier (Swiss Alps) is provided, and DNA barcoding for specimens from Swiss Alps is studied. Based on the morphology and DNA barcoding using 658-bp fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I, indicate that D. longipes is closely related to Diamesa zagrosica Makarchenko et Semenchenko from Iran. Mean K2P interspecific distances between D. longipes and D. zagrosica were 4.72% which based on four species' delimitation approaches (BIN BOLD, ASAP, mPTP, GMYC), confirms that these are valid species. Comments on the geographical distribution and ecology of this rare species in the glacial streams of the Swiss Alps are also given.},
}

@article {pmid42407710,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, M and Lai, Y and Zhang, D and Liu, X},
title = {The green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from the Tuha Basin, Xinjiang, northwestern China, with two new species and new record to China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5722},
number = {4},
pages = {509-526},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5722.4.3},
pmid = {42407710},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {New green lacewing species Plesiochrysa bonbonasp. nov., Suariusfangwengisp. nov., new Chinese record of Chrysopa viridana Schneider, 1845 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from the Tuha Basin, Xinjiang, northwest China, are described based on the morphological characters of adults. In addition, three further green lacewing species (Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesmael, 1841, Chrysoperla nipponensis (Okamoto, 1914) and Suarius trilineatus Yang, 1991) are newly recorded from the Tuha Basin, increasing its known fauna from one to seven species across four genera. Keys to the Plesiochrysa and Suarius species in China and records of green lacewing species in the Tuha Basin are also provided. The standard DNA barcoding region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of these species was sequenced for the verification of the new species.},
}

@article {pmid42407753,
year = {2025},
author = {Cava, S and Zucco, G and Scalercio, S},
title = {Agonopterix calavrisella sp. nov., a new Depressariinae from the impurellaspecies subgroup from South Italian forests (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea, Depressariidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5717},
number = {3},
pages = {431-440},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5717.3.8},
pmid = {42407753},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The family DepressariidaeMeyrick, 1883 (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) comprises a diverse and taxonomically complex group of moths, with recent studies revealing cryptic diversity, especially in the Mediterranean region. During several years of macromoth sampling in forested habitat of southern Italy, 23 specimens morphologically similar and genetically close to Agonopterix liturosa (Haworth, 1811) were collected in Calabria. DNA barcoding of some of these specimens revealed a genetic divergence of 4.46% from A. liturosa, along with clear differences in wing pattern and in genitalia structure. Based on integrative taxonomic analyses, we describe a new species, Agonopterix calavrisellasp. nov.},
}

@article {pmid42407764,
year = {2025},
author = {Pešić, V and Girão, D and Vergata, C and Silva, LPD and Ferreira, S},
title = {A new species of Torrenticola ungeri complex (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Torrenticolidae), and new water mite records for Portugal.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5717},
number = {1},
pages = {1-17},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5717.1.1},
pmid = {42407764},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species belonging to the Torrenticola ungeri complex, T. galaicasp. nov., is described from northwestern Portugal. It differs from other closely related congeners by its roundish idiosoma, distinctive dorsal shield shape and color pattern, and divergent DNA barcode sequences. Additionally, Torrenticola ungeri disparilis Walter, 1947, previously synonymized with T. ungeri ungeri (Szalay, 1927), is resurrected as a valid subspecies. New faunistic data from Portugal based on DNA barcoding are presented, with six species recorded for the first time for Portugal.},
}

@article {pmid42407767,
year = {2025},
author = {Hui, P and Hazra, N},
title = {Integrative taxonomy of Coriophagus bulbosus sp. nov. (Strepsiptera: Halictophagidae) with a tentative phylogeny of the species and first report of a stylopised mango leafhopper, Idioscopus nitidulus (Walker, 1870)(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from India.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5717},
number = {1},
pages = {66-84},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5717.1.4},
pmid = {42407767},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of Coriophagus Kinzelbach (Strepsiptera: Halictophagidae) is herein described from West Bengal, India, raising the total number of Indian representatives of the genus to three. Coriophagus bulbosussp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of unique morphological traits, with its taxonomic status further corroborated through DNA barcoding. A tentative phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, based on adult male morphology, is provided, alongside a revised global identification key to adult males. Additionally, we report a novel host association: the mango leafhopper Idioscopus nitidulus (Walker, 1870) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), found parasitised by C. chaudhuri Hui, Mukherjee & Hazra, 2023.},
}

@article {pmid42407769,
year = {2025},
author = {Susukida, M and Kuroda, M and Toda, M and Oguri, E and Nguyen, AD and Eguchi, K},
title = {A new conspicuously colored species of the genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff 1910 (Diplopoda: Glomerida: Glomeridae), with research perspectives on the genus in Japan.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5717},
number = {1},
pages = {100-114},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5717.1.6},
pmid = {42407769},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new conspicuously colored species of the pill millipede genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff, 1910 is discovered and described based on samples collected from the Kanto and Chubu regions of Japan. The new species is named Hyleoglomeris kabutus Susukida, Nguyen et Eguchi, sp. nov., andis distinguished by a deeply bifurcate syncoxital horns and subpentagon-shaped syncoxital lobe. This is supported by its conspicuous yellow colouration pattern, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcode sequences.},
}

@article {pmid42407773,
year = {2025},
author = {Makarchenko, EA and Semenchenko, AA},
title = {Confirmation of a species status and redescription with DNA barcoding of Pagastia (s. str.) angarensis (Linevich, 1973), stat. resurr. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from the Russian Far East and East Siberia.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5717},
number = {1},
pages = {143-150},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5717.1.10},
pmid = {42407773},
issn = {1175-5334},
}

@article {pmid42407786,
year = {2025},
author = {Arashima, H and Oku, J and Sohn, JC and Yagi, S and Tomura, S and Oka, T and Hirowatari, T},
title = {Two new species of the genus Odites Walsingham, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Peleopodidae) from Japan with taxonomy and larval biology of Odites sungsookimi (Sohn & Wu, 2023) comb. nov.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5716},
number = {3},
pages = {349-364},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5716.3.3},
pmid = {42407786},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Two new species of the genus Odites Walsingham, 1891, Odites saitoi Arashima, Oku & Yagi sp. nov. and O. kumatai Arashima, Oku & Yagi sp. nov. are described from Japan. Scythropiodes sungsookimi Sohn & Wu, 2023 is transferred to Odites and redescribed with larval biology. The imagos and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated for all three species of Odites. Twenty DNA barcode sequences were obtained for four species of Odites and three species of Scythropiodes.},
}

@article {pmid42407810,
year = {2025},
author = {Song, YG and Sol-Moon, and Lee, JY and Oh, JI and Cho, KH and Byun, BK},
title = {Description of a new species and one newly recorded species of the genus Pammene Hübner, [1825] (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Olethreutinae, Grapholitini) from Korea.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5716},
number = {1},
pages = {126-132},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5716.1.6},
pmid = {42407810},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {In this study, we describe a new species, Pammene sterigmatasp. nov., and report P. grunini (Kuznetsov, 1960) for the first time in Korea. Adults and genitalia of the species are illustrated. DNA barcodes (COI) for the Korean species of the genus Pammene are also presented.},
}

@article {pmid42407881,
year = {2025},
author = {Liang, JY and Ruan, JF and Wu, JP and Hsu, YF},
title = {Two new species of clearwing moths in the genus Diapyra Turner 1917 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Paraglosseciini) from Taiwan and southeastern China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5737},
number = {3},
pages = {438-446},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5737.3.9},
pmid = {42407881},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Diapyra Turner 1917 was previously recognized as a monotypical genus of the clearwing moth restricted to the Australian region. Two species with diagnostic features conformed to the genus were found from the Oriental region and described herein: Diapyrachangchinisp. nov. from Taiwan and D.meihuashanasp. nov. from southeastern China. Diagnostic characters for the two species are provided using body colouration, wing pattern, and genitalia. The larvae of Diapyra meihuashana were found to feed on callus tissue of Actinidia lanceolata (Actinidiaceae), whereas the hostplant and immature biology of D. changchini remains unknown. DNA barcode of 630 bp of COI fragment for both new species are also provided for utility on future phylogenetic studies of the clearwing moths.},
}

@article {pmid42407906,
year = {2026},
author = {Kar, S and Mandal, GP and Mazumdar, S and Mandal, P and Suman, KK and Bhattacharya, KK},
title = {Discovery of two new species of Diplura from India: Lepidocampa devprayagensis sp. nov. (Campodeidae) and Parajapyx sendrai sp. nov. (Parajapygidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5821},
number = {2},
pages = {197-218},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5821.2.3},
pmid = {42407906},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The recent discovery of two new species of Indian Lepidocampa continues the systematic survey of Diplura across various habitats of India. Two surveys were undertaken in two different states of India, viz., West Bengal and Uttarakhand (Garhwal Himalaya; Western Himalaya). Two different families of Diplura were encountered with two new species, Lepidocampa devprayagensissp. nov. and Parajapyx sendraisp. nov. The discovery of a new Parajapyx species represents only the second known member of the genus in India, after 113 years. The study also generated molecular barcodes for L. devprayagensissp. nov. and compared its genetic distances and phylogenetic placement with those of other available molecular barcodes of the members of that genus.},
}

@article {pmid42407911,
year = {2026},
author = {Japaridze, LG and Junnilainen, J and Sihvonen, P},
title = {A golden shadow in the mountains: A new Stygioides Bruand, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) from Turkey.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5821},
number = {2},
pages = {274-280},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5821.2.8},
pmid = {42407911},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of the genus Stygioides Bruand, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is described from central Turkey. Stygioides hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen sp. nov. is based on material collected in the Sultan Daðlarý Mountains (Konya Province). The new species is characterised by its distinct wing coloration in females. Adults are diurnal, as in other members of the genus, and were collected by daytime netting. DNA barcode data (COI) are provided and compared with available sequences in the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD Systems), supporting the distinctiveness of the new taxon. The discovery of this species increases the number of Stygioides species to 10 and those from Turkey to three, thus contributing to a better understanding of the diversity and distribution of the genus in the Palaearctic realm.},
}

@article {pmid42407935,
year = {2026},
author = {Shah, B and Heller, K and Huang, J},
title = {New genera of black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) from China-Part 2: Genus Cardiosciara Shah, Heller & Huang gen. nov.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5814},
number = {4},
pages = {550-562},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5814.4.6},
pmid = {42407935},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Cardiosciara Shah, Heller & Huang gen. nov., formerly included within Cratyna Winnertz, 1867, is described and distinguished based on clear morphological and genetic differences. Diagnostic features of the new genus include long maxillary palpi, a setose posterior pronotum, an undifferentiated tibial organ, bare posterior wing veins, and male genitalia with a distinctive tegmen that is deeply notched apically with a dark, often heart-shaped overlapping structure. Four new species are described: Cardiosciara amorissp. nov., C. bicordissp. nov., C. dignasp. nov., and C. ignotasp. nov. In addition, a previously published species, Cardiosciarasalomonis (Mohrig & Mamaev) comb. nov., is transferred here. The distinct status of the new species is supported by both morphological characteristics and sequence data from cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene obtained through DNA barcode analysis. A checklist of all currently known species of Cardiosciaragen. nov. is provided.},
}

@article {pmid42407938,
year = {2026},
author = {Kawai, R and Hisasue, YU},
title = {A new species of Calogalesus Kieffer, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae: Diapriinae) from Japan, with a key to world species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5814},
number = {4},
pages = {584-591},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5814.4.9},
pmid = {42407938},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The genus Calogalesus Kieffer, 1912 is newly recorded from Japan. Calogalesus matris sp. nov. is described as new to science based on specimens from the Ogasawara Islands and Okinawa Island, Japan. A taxonomic key to world species of Calogalesus is presented. New DNA barcodes allowed the recognition of size-related morphological variation.},
}

@article {pmid42407940,
year = {2026},
author = {Han, S and Shin, S},
title = {Erratum: SANGJIN HAN & SEUNGGWAN SHIN (2026) A new species and new records of Scathophagidae (Diptera) from high-altitude wetlands in South Korea, with an assessment of DNA barcoding utility. Zootaxa, 5807 (3): 401-426.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5814},
number = {4},
pages = {600},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5814.4.11},
pmid = {42407940},
issn = {1175-5334},
}

@article {pmid42407943,
year = {2026},
author = {Yasin, M and Ali, M and Carles-Tolrá, M and Hussain, R and Sakina, YA and Hassan, MA},
title = {Taxonomic revision of the genus Cryptochetum Rondani, 1857 (Diptera: Cryptochetidae) from Pakistan with a new country record.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5814},
number = {3},
pages = {359-376},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5814.3.3},
pmid = {42407943},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The polyphagous mealybug genus Drosicha Walker, 1858 is currently represented by three species in Pakistan: D. mangiferae (Stebbing, 1903), D. stebbingii (Stebbing, 1902), and D. turkestanica Archangelskaya, 1931. Among these, D. turkestanica is recorded herein for the first time from Pakistan, with its distribution restricted to the northern regions of the country, Gilgit-Baltistan. Its endoparasitic fly, Cryptochetum turanicum Nartshuk, 1979, is also newly recorded from Pakistan, confirmed through adult morphology, male and female terminalia, DNA barcoding, and biogeographical evidence. These results expand the known geographical range of both the parasitoid and its host toward the southeastern Palaearctic distribution, contributing significant evidence for the Palaearctic regional fauna in Gilgit-Baltistan. We also provide an updated global checklist of Cryptochetum species, including comparative notes, host associations, diagnostic characters, distribution data, and a taxonomic identification key to the species known from Pakistan. Furthermore, Cryptochetum jorgepastori Cadahia, 1984 syn. nov. is proposed as a junior synonym of C. turanicum Nartshuk, 1979.},
}

@article {pmid42407956,
year = {2026},
author = {Shabnam, A and Senraj, M and Morey, R and Dinesh, KP},
title = {DNA barcodes and species delimitation reveal overlooked diversity in Indian cockroaches (Blattodea).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5814},
number = {2},
pages = {276-292},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5814.2.6},
pmid = {42407956},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {India harbors unique and largely endemic Blattodea (cockroaches) species richness, with 61% endemism. However, existing research primarily focuses on classical taxonomic methods, resulting in significant gap in context to the systematics and geographic distribution of Indian cockroaches. To address this, comprehensive field sampling was conducted and DNA barcoding was employed as part of Integrative Taxonomic Approach (ITA). From 150 specimens, 50 putative taxa were morphologically identified, and 122 DNA barcodes were generated. Species delimitation analyses revealed the possibilities of 86 to 99 genetic lineages, indicating high morphological cryptic diversity and numerous potential undescribed lineages. From these, 43 lineages could be assigned to known species, while 44 remained unnamed, that may include both already documented and potential new species signifying a complex taxonomy. A preliminary time-calibrated phylogenetic analysis suggests that the diversification of Indian cockroaches began ~162 million years ago, coinciding with the geological separation of the Indo-Madagascar plate with Africa. This study establishes foundational DNA barcode library for Indian cockroaches, enabling multifaceted applications and underscores the need for integrative taxonomy to accelerate documenting of overlooked taxa within cockroaches.},
}

@article {pmid42407971,
year = {2026},
author = {Jiang, ZH and Wang, JX and Xu, XD and Wang, XU and Hu, SJ},
title = {A revised checklist of the genus Eupanacra Cadiou & Holloway, 1989 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5810},
number = {3},
pages = {401-433},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5810.3.1},
pmid = {42407971},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The taxonomy of the hawkmoth genus Eupanacra Cadiou & Holloway, 1989 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini) from China is reviewed based on differences of wing pattern, male and female genitalia, and phylogenetic relationships derived from analysis of DNA barcodes. Eupanacra tsekoui (Clark, 1926) stat. nov. is elevated to a full species. A new record of China, Eupanacra frena Swinhoe, 1892 is reported from Yingjiang, Yunnan. Distribution maps, biological notes and living records of Eupanacra from China are also given.},
}

@article {pmid42407973,
year = {2026},
author = {Kalawate, AS and Misal, PK and Shikalgar, S and Dinesh, KP and László, GM},
title = {A new species of the forester moth genus Mimeusemia Butler, 1875 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Agaristinae) from India with DNA barcode data.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5810},
number = {3},
pages = {463-489},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5810.3.3},
pmid = {42407973},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of the genus Mimeusemia Butler, 1875 is described from India, based on integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological and genital evidence supported by mt DNA barcode data. Superficially, the new species is reminiscent of Mimeusemia davidsoni Swinhoe, 1899 and Mimeusemiabasalis (Walker, 1854) but can be readily distinguished from both by distinct phenotypical and genitalia characters, as well as phylogenetic position. Comprehensive morphological descriptions are provided, accompanied by images of adult specimens and genitalia. An updated checklist of species currently attributed to Mimeusemia is provided and their type localities are illustrated in a dot map.},
}

@article {pmid42408032,
year = {2026},
author = {Uhlig, M and Uhlig, B and Hu, FS and Fikáček, M},
title = {A new Erichsonius species from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae): descriptions of adult and larva associated by DNA barcodes, and a checklist of Oriental and East Palaearctic species of the genus.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5831},
number = {2},
pages = {193-218},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5831.2.3},
pmid = {42408032},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Erichsonius (Sectophilonthus) huisunensissp. nov. from Taiwan is described and photo-documented in detail, based on adult males, females, and larvae. It differs from other known Erichsonius species by its unusually brightly coloured elytra, but shows affinity to the Oriental group of winged, sparsely punctate smaller species with abdominal segments IV-V widest and with larger eyes. The species is common and widespread in the Central Mountain Range in Taiwan at altitudes 400-1800 m, where it inhabits forest floor and leaf litter. DNA barcodes are provided for the holotype and several paratypes. The late-instar larvae of the new species, associated with adults by DNA barcodes are also described and illustrated. A checklist of Erichsonius species occurring in the Oriental and East-Palaearctic regions, along with their type locality and distribution data, is also provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408043,
year = {2026},
author = {Girard, MG and Moritz, T and Schwarzhans, W},
title = {A new species of Diplacanthopoma (Teleostei: Bythitidae) from the western Atlantic, with comments on the discovery and description of larval forms of two western Atlantic species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5831},
number = {1},
pages = {19-34},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5831.1.2},
pmid = {42408043},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The tropical and subtropical genus of viviparous cusk-eels Diplacanthopoma (Teleostei: Bythitidae) is differentiated from other bythitids in having a naked head, a fleshy flap bearing a large sensory pore above the opercle, and a large sensory pore on the cheek. The sensory pore on the cheek (i.e., "Diplacanthopoma" pore) is only known from two genera of ophidiiforms, Diplacanthopoma and Hephthocara.Diplacanthopoma includes eight nominal species, with seven in the Indian or Pacific Oceans, and one, D. brachysoma, from the western Atlantic. Recently, blackwater SCUBA divers collected two elongate larval fishes off West Palm Beach, Florida. Fin-ray and vertebral/myomere counts and DNA sequence data support the identification of one of the larvae as D. brachysoma; the first time the larval form for this genus of fishes has been identified. The second larva has higher numbers of medial-fin rays (184 dorsal-fin rays, 140 anal-fin rays) than D. brachysoma (125-164 dorsal-fin rays and 88-127 anal-fin rays), and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 barcode divergence of >9%, indicating the presence of a second undescribed species of Diplacanthopoma from the western Atlantic Ocean. We found three specimens (one from southern Brazil and two from the Bay of Campeche) in the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change and the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History fish collections that overlap in fin-ray and vertebral/myomere counts with the larval specimen from Florida. We describe this new species of Diplacanthopoma based on larval and adult characters. We also highlight intraspecific variation in counts and measurements for D. brachysoma, emphasizing further study is needed to understand the taxonomic diversity of this genus of the Bythitidae.},
}

@article {pmid42408056,
year = {2026},
author = {Ballarin, F and Nagai, T and Yamasaki, T and Eguchi, K},
title = {New species and new records of cave-dwelling money spiders from Japan with remarks on the genera Anguliphantes, Arcuphantes, Nihonella, Micrargus, and Porrhomma (Araneae, Linyphiidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5828},
number = {3},
pages = {401-449},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.1},
pmid = {42408056},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {In Japan, linyphiid spiders are relatively common inhabitants of caves and other hypogean habitats. However, their taxonomy, distribution, and sometimes even their occurrence in subterranean environments, remain poorly studied for most species. To help partially fill this knowledge gap, herein we present new taxonomic and faunistic data on Japanese cave-dwelling linyphiid species. Particularly, we report the genus Anguliphantes Saaristo & Tanasevitch, 1996 for the first time in Japan. We provide new subterranean records, redescriptions, and detailed images of diagnostic characters for poorly known species belonging to the genera Arcuphantes Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943; Nihonella Ballarin & Yamasaki, 2021; Micrargus Dahl, 1886; and Porrhomma Simon, 1884, including the first description of the previously unknown males of Arcuphantes ashifuensis and A. longissimus. Additionally, we describe three newly discovered cave-dwelling species: Arcuphantes iseensissp. nov. (male, female), Nihonella tanikawaisp. nov. (male, female), and Porrhomma niimiensissp. nov. (female). To further support the validity of the newly described species and facilitate future identifications and research on the Japanese cave-dwelling spider fauna, we provide DNA barcodes for the species discussed and perform molecular phylogenetic and/or pairwise distance analyses for the genera Arcuphantes, Nihonella, Micrargus, and Porrhomma.},
}

@article {pmid42408059,
year = {2026},
author = {Chen, YZ and Zhang, ZC and Zhang, Y and Nyima, T and Lin, XL},
title = {DNA barcodes reveal cryptic species of Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) montanus species group (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5828},
number = {3},
pages = {481-501},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.4},
pmid = {42408059},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Two cryptic species of Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) montanus species group (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China have been discovered by DNA barcodes. Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) motuoensis Chen & Lin, sp. nov., and Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) neomatudigitatus Chen & Lin, sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The validity of some previously described species is discussed, and the diagnosis of the subgenus is amended. A key to known adult males of Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) is presented.},
}

@article {pmid42408074,
year = {2026},
author = {Beura, S and K K, B and Banerjee, D},
title = {DNA barcoding reveals a new species of deepwater catshark of the genus Apristurus (Chondrichthyes: Pentanchidae) from India, in the Southeastern Arabian Sea.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5828},
number = {2},
pages = {303-317},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5828.2.6},
pmid = {42408074},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This article provides a description of a new species of a catshark of the family Pentanchidae, Apristurus dronasp. nov. based on 4 specimens, which include two males and two females ranging from 439-473 mm TL, collected off the Kollam slope, Southwest coast of India, at a depth of 400-650 m. This new species is placed in the Apristurus brunneus subgroup among the three groups divided within the genus Apristurus and is characterized by the following features: slender body, tapering posteriorly; nostril length is smaller than internarial width; pre-outer nostril length shorter than interorbital space; pre-outer nostril length 3.7(3.5-5.2) % TL; pre-oral length shorter than the mouth width, 33.6(31.7-34.0)% head length and 8.1(7.1-8.1)% TL; nostril-mouth space shorter than nostril length, about 0.4 (0.3-0.4) times; upper labial furrows longer than the lowers furrows; internarial width slightly greater than or equal to orbit length, about 1.09(1.0-1.11) times; 5th gill slit height smallest, about 46.8(46.8-62.5)% eye length; Inter-dorsal space 9.3(8.8-10.5) % TL; first dorsal fin smaller than the second dorsal fin; first dorsal fin insertion is opposite to anal fin origin; anal fin base length is greater than pectoral-pelvic space and pelvic-anal space; pectoral to pelvic space greater than pelvic to anal space; spiral valve turns 11-12; total vertebrae 105-115. Apristurus dronasp. nov. is also distinguished from its congeners based on DNA sequence divergence of the COI gene. This new species has a distribution along the Kollam slope, Arabian Sea, whereas its three closest congeners, based on a molecular level, are from distant locations: A. nayakai from Southwestern Pacific Ocean, A. macrorhynchus from Northwest Pacific and A. exsanguis from New Zealand.},
}

@article {pmid42408088,
year = {2026},
author = {Kikuchi, N and Bendixen, L and Clark, T},
title = {A new species of the genus Pristiceros Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Europe and Japan.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5828},
number = {1},
pages = {125-131},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5828.1.7},
pmid = {42408088},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Pristiceros kusigematii Kikuchi & Bendixen, sp. nov., a new platylabine species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae) is described from United Kingdom and Japan, with additional photographic records from Germany. Detailed illustrations of female specimens, and a DNA barcode are provided. The species is known from very few specimens and field records, suggesting that it may be rare or undercollected.},
}

@article {pmid42408098,
year = {2026},
author = {Makarchenko, EA and Semenchenko, AA},
title = {A review of the East Palaearctic Pseudokiefferiella Zavřel, 1941 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae), with description of new species and DNA barcoding of known species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5782},
number = {3},
pages = {509-526},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.5},
pmid = {42408098},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Chironomids of the genus Pseudokiefferiella Zavřel from the East Palaearctic are revised using both morphological characters of adult males and molecular data. Four new species, P. inopinatasp. nov., P. kolchaksp. nov., P. krasheninnikovisp. nov., and P. transarcticasp. nov. are described and figured. The adult males of P. matafonovi Makarchenko et Semenchenko and P.silinka Makarchenko et Semenchenko from the Amur River basin are briefly redescribed and annotated. A key to the known adult males of Pseudokiefferiella from the East Palaearctic is provided. The species delimitation, ASAP analysis, using COI DNA barcodes, assigned new species to unique mOTUs. Molecular data were also used for the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Pseudokiefferiella.},
}

@article {pmid42408125,
year = {2026},
author = {Gao, Y and Godeiro, NN and Bu, Y},
title = {A new Anurida Laboulbène species from China with mitochondrial genome and DNA barcode analyses (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5782},
number = {1},
pages = {147-160},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.8},
pmid = {42408125},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species, Anuridahuangxiei sp. nov., discovered from the bank of the Huangpu River in Shanghai, East China, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by the special reticulations on the body, the absence of ocelli, 18-22 elliptical vesicles on PAO, six blunt sensilla with distinct heel and trilobed apical vesicle on Ant. IV, seta p3 in front of p2-p4 line on thoracic segments II and III, seta p2 present on Abd. I-IV, and slender sensilla on dorsal side. In addition, the complete mitochondrial genome of the new species was sequenced and analyzed. Its COI barcode was also compared with other 19 species of the subfamily Pseudachorutinae and the genetic distances between them were calculated.},
}

@article {pmid42408127,
year = {2026},
author = {Pfeiler, E},
title = {On the unstabilized genus name for the Nearctic greater fritillaries (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Argynnini).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5782},
number = {1},
pages = {173-182},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.10},
pmid = {42408127},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {There is current disagreement among researchers on whether the Nearctic greater fritillaries, a group that includes several endangered and threatened species, should remain in the genus Speyeria Scudder-in use for 80 years-or be placed as a subgenus of the Palearctic Argynnis Fabricius. A review of the recent scientific literature covering this group revealed the extent of this controversy in that only about half of the articles consulted recognized Speyeria as a subgenus of Argynnis. A summary of molecular phylogenetic studies using a variety of genetic markers provides a possible explanation for why this taxonomic change is controversial. These studies confirmed that species assigned to Speyeria, although generally morphologically similar to Argynnis, form a monophyletic group, a widely-accepted criterion for generic status. Thus, the controversy centers mainly on (1) the issue of taxonomic stability of a long-accepted genus name, (2) the need for increased taxon sampling of Palearctic taxa in phylogenomic studies, and (3) whether genetic divergence thresholds, including those of DNA barcodes analyzed here, can confidently be used as an aid in delimiting genera in the greater fritillaries. Based on the evidence presented here it is proposed that Speyeria be reinstated to full genus status.},
}

@article {pmid42408129,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhou, Y and Wang, S and Peng, X},
title = {Three new species of Pancorius Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae) from China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5782},
number = {1},
pages = {193-200},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.12},
pmid = {42408129},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Three new species of Pancorius Simon, 1902 are described from China and named as P. subyingjiangsp. nov. (female), P. yangming sp. nov. (male, female) and P. yunnansp. nov. (female). Detailed descriptions, photos of somatic features and copulatory organs, as well as a distribution map are provided. Nucleotide data for the barcoding gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of P. yangmingsp. nov. (male, female) are provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408144,
year = {2026},
author = {Bogorodsky, SV and Silas, MO and Reddy, S},
title = {New record of Epigonus pectinifer Mayer, 1974 (Pempheriformes: Epigonidae) from Tanzania, with the first phylogenetic analysis of the species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5777},
number = {3},
pages = {587-596},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5777.3.11},
pmid = {42408144},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A single specimen of Epigonus pectinifer Mayer, a rare deepwater cardinalfish known from scattered localities in the Atlantic Ocean and Indo-West Pacific, was trawled during a survey conducted by the research vessel Dr. Fridtjof Nansen off Tanzania, representing a new regional record. Epigonus pectinifer belongs to the E. constanciae species group that is characterized by a pungent opercular spine, and it differs from congeners of the group by the following set of characters: a pair of pointed, mustache-like processes on the anterior part of the maxilla; a tongue bearing a tooth patch; a pair of bumps at the symphysis of the lower jaw; and vertebral count of 10 + 15. The specimen is described, illustrated with a photograph taken in fresh condition, and included, for the first time, in a phylogenetic analysis based on the COI barcoding region.},
}

@article {pmid42408165,
year = {2026},
author = {Matiku, P and Bogorodsky, SV and Samucidine, K and Matcher, G and Bills, R and Tighe, KA},
title = {Unexpected record of Meadia roseni Mok, Lee & Chan, 1991 (Anguilliformes: Synaphobranchidae) from the Western Indian Ocean, with comments on its ontogenetic changes.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5777},
number = {1},
pages = {169-183},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5777.1.8},
pmid = {42408165},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Two specimens of a rare eel of the genus Meadia (Synaphobranchidae, Ilyophinae) were trawled during a survey conducted by the research vessel Dr. Fridtjof Nansen off Tanzania in 2023. Detailed examination and comparison with the three known species of the genus revealed that both specimens belong to Meadia roseni Mok, Lee & Chan, 1991, a species previously thought to be restricted to Taiwan and Vietnam. These specimens represent the first record of this species from the Indian Ocean. Species identification is supported by a phylogenetic analysis of the COI barcoding region, which included a specimen of M. roseni from Taiwan. Description of both Tanzanian specimens, based on voucher material, is provided and accompanied by photographs of fresh specimens. Ontogenetic changes associated with growth are also discussed.},
}

@article {pmid42408177,
year = {2026},
author = {Raunio, J and Brodin, Y and Salmela, J},
title = {Two new species of Eukiefferiella Thienemann (Diptera, Chironomidae) from northern Finland.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5821},
number = {4},
pages = {469-485},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5821.4.2},
pmid = {42408177},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The genus Eukiefferiella is one of the most species-rich genera within Chironomidae, but its northern European diversity is comparatively low. In this study, we describe two new species of this genus, Eukiefferiella paasivirtaisp. nov. and Eukiefferialla viljamiisp. nov., from northern Finland, based on molecular barcoding data and the morphology of adult males and pupal exuviae. Molecular analyses indicate that the closest known relatives of both species occur in North America (minimum K2P interspecific distances 8.6 % and 9.0 %). The morphology of the adult males and molecular analysis places both species in the Eukiefferiellagracei group. ASAP analysis supported morphological species delimitation, with a 4.5 % threshold separating the ten studied Eukiefferiella taxa. The restricted northern distribution of the two new species suggests ecological specialization to subarctic river ecosystems. Keys to pupal exuviae of northern European Eukiefferiella species and to adult males of the E. gracei group are provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408300,
year = {2026},
author = {Nakahara, S and Vega, Y and Corahua-Espinoza, T and Kabir, J and Maclure, C and Duerr, N and Gallice, G and Cervantes-Martinez, J and Arteaga, ZE and Tejeira, R and Ccahuana, R and Baine, Q},
title = {Immature stages and new host plant records for eight euptychiine butterflies in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5748},
number = {2},
pages = {151-192},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5748.2.1},
pmid = {42408300},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {We here report the immature stages and novel host plant records for six species in the nymphalid subtribe Euptychiina, which are documented based on populations found in the Madre de Dios department, Peru: Caeruleuptychia urania (Butler, 1867), Harjesia blanda (Möschler, 1876), Deltaya ocypete (Butler, 1867), Yphthimoides renata (Stoll, 1780), Cisandina philippa (Butler, 1867), Cisandina castanya Lamas & Nakahara, 2022. We also report new host plant records for two euptychiine species: Magneuptychia libye (Linnaeus, 1767) and Modestia harpyia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867). A total of eight euptychiine species are discussed in the present study and the majority of new host plant records for them belong to the family Poaceae except for M. harpyia which was found feeding on seedlings of Euterpe precatoria (Arecaceae). We provide photos of documented immature stages and host plants for species discussed herein, as well as DNA barcode data for selected taxa.},
}

@article {pmid42408303,
year = {2026},
author = {Lu, YY and Liang, JY and Hsu, YF},
title = {First records of the genus Macrobathra Meyrick, 1883 (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) from Taiwan, with description of a new species and two newly recorded species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5748},
number = {2},
pages = {230-242},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5748.2.4},
pmid = {42408303},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Macrobathra Meyrick, 1883 is a cosmopterigid genus, comprising over 130 species. The present study documents the genus in Taiwan for the first time with two newly recorded species, M. flavidus Qian & Liu, 1997 and M. latipterophora Li & Wang, 2004, and a new species, M. basilutea Lu, Liang & Hsu, sp. nov., is described herein. Images of adults and genitalia of both sexes are provided for the new species, along with a key to the Macrobathra species from Taiwan. DNA barcodes of the three species are provided. A host plant of M. latipterophora, Quercus pachyloma, is also recorded for the first time. Sexual dimorphism is described in M. basiluteasp. nov..},
}

@article {pmid42408314,
year = {2026},
author = {Phan, QT and Lam, DH and Tran, MT and Pham, QV and Nguyen, AD},
title = {Two new earthworm species of the genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Highlands of Vietnam.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5748},
number = {1},
pages = {101-112},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5748.1.5},
pmid = {42408314},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Two new earthworm Metaphire species are described from Highlands of Vietnam, namely Metaphire mangcanhensissp. nov. and Metaphire dalatensissp. nov. The former belonging to M. merabahensis species-group, is characterized by three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6/7/8, first dorsal pore at 12/13, a pair of three genital markings clustered in vii, and simple intestinal caeca while the latter belonging to M. houlleti species-group, is distinguished by first dorsal pore at 10/11, male pore distance about 0.33 body circumference, ampulla duct distally enlarged, and lacking penial setae. The COI barcodes are also provided for both species.},
}

@article {pmid42408329,
year = {2026},
author = {Kar, S and Mazumdar, S and Mandal, P and Mandal, GP and Suman, KK},
title = {Description of a new species of Lepidocampa Oudemans, 1890 (Diplura: Campodeidae) from Eastern Himalayan regions and molecular identification of Lepidocampa juradii bengalensis from West Bengal, India.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5741},
number = {3},
pages = {482-494},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5741.3.3},
pmid = {42408329},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Lepidocampa sikkimensis sp. nov. (Campodeidae) is described from the Eastern Himalayan regions of India. The most recent taxonomic work on Indian Diplura, dating to 1977, is a description of Lepidocampa juradii bengalensis Rani & Mitra, 1977. The current study also rediscovered this subspecies after decades from two different geographic locations in West Bengal, India. GenBank contains only Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans, 1890 COI sequences; however, sequences of other group members are necessary for drawing the phylogenetic relationships of this crucial evolutionary group. This study provided DNA barcodes for L. juradii bengalensis for the first time from around the globe. As the scattered nature of information and the unavailability of old bibliographic references complicate the study of Indian Diplura, we provide an updated checklist of Indian Diplura, along with references.},
}

@article {pmid42408344,
year = {2026},
author = {Kim, D and Choi, KS},
title = {The rarely encountered jewel beetle, Buprestis splendens Fabricius, 1775: First Korean record of the subgenus Cypriacis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) with molecular insights.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5741},
number = {2},
pages = {365-376},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5741.2.8},
pmid = {42408344},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This study reports the first record of the subgenus Cypriacis Casey, 1909 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) of the genus Buprestis Linnaeus, 1758 from the Korean Peninsula, represented by the rarely encountered species Buprestis splendens Fabricius, 1775. This finding holds notable biogeographic significance, extending the known distribution of the subgenus. A redescription is provided, with photographs of the adult habitus and female genitalia, along with a key to known species and a checklist of Cypriacis. DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene substantiated the taxonomic position of B. splendens, providing the first molecular insight supporting its placement within the subgenus.},
}

@article {pmid42408361,
year = {2026},
author = {Nie, J and Liu, C and Zhang, Y and Li, X and Jia, X and Tan, J and Liu, W},
title = {A new species of Pseudosmittia Edwards (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5810},
number = {1},
pages = {132-142},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5810.1.5},
pmid = {42408361},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Pseudosmittia hongjiannaoensis Liu, sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on adult males collected from Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, Shaanxi, China. Morphological identification, DNA barcoding comparison, and mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) assembly were employed to characterize the new species. The mitochondrial COI barcode sequences and mitogenomic data support its distinction from previously known Pseudosmittia species. The minimum interspecific K2P distance between P. hongjiannaoensis Liu, sp. nov., and its closest congener was 15.1%, with an average distance of 23.0%, substantially exceeding the commonly referenced threshold for insect species delimitation. The new species can be distinguished by the unique shape of the inferior volsella and the lack of an anal point. An updated key to the adult males of Pseudosmittia from China is provided. This discovery of the new species enriches the known diversity of the genus in East Asian inland freshwater ecosystems and highlights the ecological significance of the Hongjiannao Lake as a unique wetland habitat.},
}

@article {pmid42408372,
year = {2026},
author = {Han, S and Shin, S},
title = {A new species and new records of Scathophagidae (Diptera) from high-altitude wetlands in South Korea, with an assessment of DNA barcoding utility.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5807},
number = {3},
pages = {401-426},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5807.3.1},
pmid = {42408372},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Scathophagidae (Diptera: Calyptratae) are among the most diverse fly families in cool, montane habitats, yet its Korean fauna is still incompletely documented. During surveys of high-altitude wetlands (> 974 m above sea level) on Mt Jirisan, we collected two species of Cordilura (Fallén, 1810), a previously unrecorded species in Korea, Cordiluramonochroma Ozerov & Krivosheina, 2014, a new species, Cordilurapaludicolasp. nov., and two newly recorded genera Cleigastra and Megaphthalma, with Cleigastra (Cleigastra) flavipes (Fallén, 1819) and Megaphthalmapallida (Fallén, 1819). Diagnostic morphology, habitus photographs, and illustrations of the male and female terminalia are provided, together with a revised key to the species of South Korean Cordilura. We documented biological notes on C.paludicola sp. nov. and its phenotypic variation of female specimens. To assist in species identification, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences were obtained from specimens to assess DNA barcoding. Species boundaries were assessed by analyzing the distribution of all pairwise genetic distances to visually identify the barcoding gap.},
}

@article {pmid42408424,
year = {2026},
author = {Sapkota, A and Orellana, A and Grishin, NV and Chacón, I and Janzen, DH and Hallwachs, W and Song, L and Kc, S and Willmott, KR},
title = {Revisiting Colobura (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): Using integrative taxonomy to identify a new species, C. cryptica sp. nov., and revise geographic boundaries.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5802},
number = {2},
pages = {303-322},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5802.2.4},
pmid = {42408424},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The Neotropical butterfly genus Colobura Billberg, 1820 (Nymphalidae) includes widespread, common and conspicuous species whose taxonomy one might expect to be well understood. Using integrative taxonomy-combining morphology (genitalia, larval traits, adult wing patterns, and UV reflectance), genome sequencing (mitochondrial barcodes, complete mitogenomes, and nuclear genomes), and life history data-we describe Colobura cryptica Sapkota, Orellana & Willmott sp. nov., a new species previously conflated with Colobura annulata. Key diagnostic morphological traits include: (1) a shorter third submarginal line on the ventral forewing that does not reach the pale cream transverse band, and (2) velvet-black larvae that lack yellow rings between segments or yellow spots at anterior edge of segments. Phylogenomic analyses resolved four distinct clades, with C. cryptica forming a genetically divergent lineage that is broadly sympatric with its sister species C. annulata. We further demonstrate a biogeographical split in C. dirce populations across the Andes and redefine the ranges of C. dirce wolcotti and C. dirce dirce. Genome sequencing showed that C. d. wolcotti, previously thought to be restricted to the Caribbean Islands, is also present in Central America and coastal Ecuador/northern Colombia west of the Andes, whereas C. d. dirce occurs only east of the Andes. This division corresponds with differences in ventral UV reflectance, which is strongly expressed in C. d. wolcotti but reduced in C. d. dirce. We conducted a preliminary investigation of UV-reflectance on the ventral wings and found evidence for differences across the four taxa, and we discuss the possibility of UV-mediated reproductive isolation that might have contributed to speciation in Colobura.},
}

@article {pmid42408438,
year = {2026},
author = {Wang, J and Lu, Z and Yang, J and Wei, C},
title = {Two new species of the cicada genus Auritibicen (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5802},
number = {1},
pages = {119-132},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.6},
pmid = {42408438},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Two new species of the genus Auritibicen, A. nani Wang & Wei sp. nov. and A. bofani Wang & Wei sp. nov., are described, which were discovered from Mount Emei and the Shennongjia Mountains, China, respectively. The relationships of the two new species to related taxa are discussed based on morphological characters and a molecular phylogeny of Auritibicen reconstructed using sequences of the barcoding gene (COI).},
}

@article {pmid42408449,
year = {2026},
author = {O'Hara, JE},
title = {A new species of Neomintho Brauer & Bergenstamm and provisional reclassification of the tribe Euthelairini (Tachinidae, Exoristinae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5757},
number = {2},
pages = {144-158},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5757.2.3},
pmid = {42408449},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The Euthelairini are a tribe of New World Tachinidae (Diptera) with fewer than 30 described species and dozens of undescribed species. Most species are Neotropical and range from Mexico to Brazil, with only two described species in the Nearctic Region. One new species, Neomintho beckersisp. nov., is described from Florida (United States) and Cayman Islands (Caribbean Sea). Several of the paratypes were reared from the katydid Neoconocephalus triops (L.) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) by the researcher for whom the species is named, and this is the first host record for the Euthelairini. The tribal concept is well established but the number of genera has varied from one (Neomintho B. & B.) to 12 in recent decades. The tribe is reexamined on the basis of morphology and DNA barcoding to provide a basis for the generic assignments of the three Nearctic species. Results indicate that these species are each more closely related to other species in the Neotropical Region than to each other, and only the new species N. beckersi belongs to Neomintho sensu stricto. The classification of the Euthelairini is reviewed and provisionally revised, with seven genera and 27 described species recognized. The following taxonomic changes are proposed to the existing classification: Eupelecotheca Townsend, 1919 (including synonym Pantagathus Reinhard, 1935) is removed from synonymy with Neomintho Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 and recognized as a valid genus, status revived; synonymized with Neomintho are genus-group names Euthelaira Townsend, 1912, syn. nov., Iteuthelaira Townsend, 1927, syn. nov. and Neominthoidea Thompson, 1968, syn. nov.; new or revived combinations are proposed as Eupelecotheca celer Townsend, 1919, comb. revived, Neomintho chaetosa (Townsend, 1929), comb. nov., Neomintho esuriens (Fabricius, 1805), comb. nov., Neomintho inambarica (Townsend, 1912), comb. nov., Neomintho rufilabris (Wulp, 1890), comb. nov., Neomintho trinidadensis (Thompson, 1968), comb. nov. and Pelecotheca curulis (Reinhard, 1943), comb. revived. As First Reviser, the species name "flavipes" is selected as the correct original spelling in the combination Pelecotheca flavipes Thompson, 1968 and "flavipalpis" becomes an incorrect original spelling. The distribution of Neomintho macilenta (Wiedemann, 1830) is revised to Brazil only (previously misidentified from Trinidad). The monotypic genus Hypohoughia Townsend, 1927 is removed from the Euthelairini and placed in the Voriini (Dexiinae) based on study of the holotype of type species H. reclinata Townsend, 1927 by Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez Dios. A revised checklist of the genera and species of Euthelairini is provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408452,
year = {2026},
author = {Chau, PH and Nguyen, VDH and Dang, KD and Nguyen, TMN and Ngon, LQ and Phan, LVP and Huynh, HD and Grismer, LL and Nguyen, TTP},
title = {Confirmed occurrence and DNA barcoding of the Indo-Pacific Slender Gecko, Hemiphyllodactylus typus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in Vietnam.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5757},
number = {2},
pages = {188-200},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5757.2.6},
pmid = {42408452},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker is a complex taxon characterized by species with small body sizes, low population densities, inconspicuous morphologies, cryptic coloration, and overall difficulty of detection within their native ecosystems. The genus is one of the most diverse and fastest growing gekkonid genera - as of 2025, a total of 69 species have been described. Most species within this genus are endemic to restricted regions, whereas Hemiphyllodactylus typus Bleeker, 1860 has a remarkably broad distribution, ranging from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Previously, H. typus had been recorded in Vietnam by René Bourret under the name H. typus chapaensis from Sapa, Lao Cai. However, a subsequent study by George R. Zug identified this specimen as H. yunnanensis (Boulenger, 1903). Another instance of H. typus in Vietnam has been recorded, inferred solely from molecular analysis. Nevertheless, we re-examined the sequence of this specimen and confirmed that it does not belong to species H. typus. Our surveys in Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Ho Chi Minh City and My Phuoc's Melaleuca Forest, Can Tho City, Vietnam recovered specimens that, following both morphological and molecular analyses using the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2), are conclusively identified as H. typus. Thus, this study confirms the occurrence of H. typus in Vietnam for the first time. Additionally, we established DNA barcoding based on the cytochrome c subunit 1 gene (COI) to support identification and conservation management of biodiversity and discuss the potential for range expansion of this species within Vietnam, as well as hypotheses regarding its possible unisexual reproduction.},
}

@article {pmid42408479,
year = {2026},
author = {Zouhair, L and Grootaert, P and Maamri, H and Kettani, K},
title = {Marine Chersodromia Walker (Diptera: Hybotidae) from the Mediterranean coastline of Morocco: description of three new species with new records, supported by COI barcoding.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5799},
number = {1},
pages = {53-78},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5799.1.3},
pmid = {42408479},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Three new species for science of Chersodromia Walker are described from the Moroccan Mediterranean coastline (C. kessabaesp. nov., C. moroccensissp. nov. and C. estuariasp. nov.), with the first record of Chersodromia oraria Collin, 1966 in Morocco and new distributional data are provided for Chersodromia pseudohirta Chvála, 1970. This study is based on intensive field surveys conducted by the third author along the Mediterranean coastline of Morocco between 2022 and 2024, targeting especially a variety of coastal habitats. Illustrations of the new species are given, along with COI barcodes of all species recorded. A key to the Moroccan Mediterranean species of Chersodromia is also provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408486,
year = {2026},
author = {DAS, M and Mukherjee, B and Pramanik, D and Naskar, A and Banerjee, D},
title = {A new species of Clastobasis Skuse (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from India with a world checklist.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5799},
number = {1},
pages = {183-192},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5799.1.10},
pmid = {42408486},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Mycetophilidae (fungus gnats) are globally distributed insects, abundant in humid woodland habitats, yet their biology and systematics remain poorly studied in many regions. Although the life histories of many Palearctic and some Neotropical species are documented, knowledge of other tropical taxa, particularly in the Oriental region, remains fragmentary. The genus Clastobasis Skuse, 1890 currently comprises 30 extant species worldwide, but only ten are known from the Oriental region, with Indian records limited to the poorly preserved Brunetti types. In this study, we describe and illustrate a new species of Clastobasis from India, supported by COX1 sequence data, representing the first DNA barcode for the genus from the country and a global checklist is also presented. This work improves the taxonomic understanding of Clastobasis in the Oriental region and contributes to the broader systematics of Leiinae.},
}

@article {pmid42408495,
year = {2026},
author = {Hui, P and Mahato, A and Hazra, N},
title = {A new species of the genus Xiaomyia Sæther & Wang (Diptera: Chironomidae) from West Bengal, India.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5796},
number = {3},
pages = {502-514},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5796.3.5},
pmid = {42408495},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of the genus Xiaomyia Sæther & Wang, 1993 is described and illustrated from West Bengal, India, based on adult males. This represents the first new species of Xiaomyia recorded from India. Diagnostic morphological characters of the adult male, including features of the hypopygium, wing venation, maxillary palps, and antennal ratios, are duly examined and compared with the previously described species. The generic diagnosis is substantially amended to reflect novel morphological characters revealed by the new species, necessitating an update of the criteria used for identification and differentiation within Xiaomyia. The new species X. acuminata sp. nov. differs from the only other member of Xiaomyia primarily by having a long, pointed anal point. Molecular barcoding of the new species is also provided; the species status of Xiaomyia acuminata is strongly supported by an integrative analysis of the molecular data, exhibiting a minimum interspecific Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) distance of 12.59% from its only nearest congener. Discovery of the new species raises the number of species of this least speciose genus to two worldwide.},
}

@article {pmid42408523,
year = {2026},
author = {Gomes, LRP and Ruiz-Peralta, IL and Pérez-Cruz, PS and Jiménez-Estrella, BE and Pedraza-Lara, C},
title = {A new sarcosaprophagous species of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae) from Mexico, including DNA barcoding and post-feeding larval dispersal behavior.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5796},
number = {1},
pages = {135-159},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5796.1.7},
pmid = {42408523},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The genus Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 is found in all biogeographic regions and contains approximately 360 known species, including 24 recorded from Mexico. The larvae are generally saprophagous, feeding on decaying organic material, and some species are synanthropic being important from the medical, veterinary, forensic, and hygienic point of view. Several Fannia species are potentially useful in forensic studies, especially to estimate the minimum post-mortem interval (min. PMI) and as evidence of negligence of elderly individuals, children, or animals. There is a lack of information about the distribution and diversity of this genus in Mexico. Herein, we describe a new species of sarcosaprophagous Fannia from Mexico associated with a pig carcass, belonging to the Fannia pusio (Wiedemann, 1830) sub-group. We present an integrative taxonomic study of this new species, including the descriptions of the male, female, and third-instar larva; an identification key to the three species in the sub-group that occur in Mexico; a DNA barcode analysis; and information about the decomposition process stages at which the larvae occur, as well as the post-feeding larval dispersal behavior. The new species is forensically important considering that the larvae were found associated with the pig carcass from active decay until dry remains stages.},
}

@article {pmid42408534,
year = {2026},
author = {Muthukatturaja, M and Balasubramanian, C and Kubendran, T and Banerjee, D},
title = {Contribution to the knowledge of the mayfly genus Ephemera Linnaeus, 1758 (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) with description of four new species from the Western Ghats, India.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5793},
number = {2},
pages = {421-459},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5793.2.4},
pmid = {42408534},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The present study provides an integrative taxonomic assessment of the burrowing mayfly family Ephemeridae (Ephemeroptera) from the Western Ghats, India, through a combination of morphological and molecular approaches. Four new species viz., Ephemera kapilaensissp. nov., Ephemera kodaisp. nov., Ephemera kudremukhasp. nov., and Ephemera subramanyaisp. nov., are described based on both larval and imaginal characters. This work provides the first molecular characterization of Ephemera species from southern India and generates the first DNA barcodes for the subgenus Ephemera in this region. The finding highlights the importance of integrative taxonomy in resolving species boundaries and evolutionary relationships among Oriental Ephemera. Additionally, the study provides distributional data, habitat ecology of the new species, and an identification key to all known species of the Western Ghats.},
}

@article {pmid42408540,
year = {2026},
author = {Guerrero, MR and Rodríguez, AM and Bartlett, CR and Bahder, BW},
title = {A new species of planthopper in the genus Kubilaya (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) from oil palms (Elaeis guineensis) in Colombia, a key to the genus, and an updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Otiocerinae.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5793},
number = {2},
pages = {547-560},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5793.2.10},
pmid = {42408540},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {During a recent survey of oil palms in Colombia to document planthopper diversity and search for putative vectors of the causal agent of Lethal Wilt, a new species of planthopper in the genus Kubilaya (Derbidae) was discovered. Herein, the novel taxon is described along with supplemental molecular data for the barcoding region (5' half) of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, 18S rRNA gene and D8-D10 expansion regions of the 28S rRNA gene are provided. An updated molecular phylogeny of the New World Otiocerinae and a key to species of the genus Kubilaya are provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408557,
year = {2026},
author = {Hu, GL and Shen, QR and Santa-Rita, JVP and Han, HL},
title = {A review and checklist of Panthea Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Pantheinae) with description of a new species from China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5793},
number = {1},
pages = {255-266},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5793.1.12},
pmid = {42408557},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of the genus Panthea Hübner, [1820] 1816, Panthea lishana Hu, Pérez Santa-Rita & Han sp. nov. is described from Lishan National Nature Reserve, Shanxi, China. The adults, male and female genitalia, and diagnostic external characters are illustrated. Externally, P. lishana most closely resembles P. florianii Behounek, Han & Kononenko, 2013 but differs in wing pattern and genitalia traits. DNA barcoding places P. lishana in a well-supported monophyletic clade that has recently diverged from P. florianii, showing a shallow genetic divergence consistent with cryptic differentiation. An updated checklist of Panthea species is provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408564,
year = {2026},
author = {Matson, TA and Hallwachs, W and Janzen, DH},
title = {Ralvenia, a new genus of ennomine moth from the Americas with cryptic species diversity (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5792},
number = {3},
pages = {494-518},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5792.3.3},
pmid = {42408564},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Ralvenia Matson gen. nov. is established to accommodate a lineage of ennomine moths that includes several undescribed cryptic species and others formerly assigned to four unrelated genera. The following new combinations are proposed: Ralvenia accentuata (Barnes & McDunnough) comb. nov. (transferred from Prochoerodes Grote); Ralvenia cervina (Warren) comb. nov. and Ralvenia cervinoides (Schaus) comb. nov. (both transferred from Periclina Guenée); Ralvenia arge (Druce) comb. nov. (transferred from Sabulodes Guenée); and Ralvenia lapa (Dognin) comb. nov. (transferred from Certima Walker). Four new species are described: Ralvenia dactyvalva Matson sp. nov., Ralvenia hamifurca Matson sp. nov., Ralvenia nuda Matson sp. nov., and Ralvenia serrata Matson sp. nov. Adults and male and female genitalia are illustrated. The larva of Ralvenia cervinoides is illustrated. DNA barcode data, when available, are reviewed for each species.},
}

@article {pmid42408600,
year = {2026},
author = {El Harym, Y and Troshyn, AM and Schreiber, R and Korneyev, VA},
title = {The thistle flies of the genus Chaetostomella (Diptera: Tephritidae: Terelliini) from Morocco, with a reference to European and Asian fauna.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5845},
number = {1},
pages = {52-86},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5845.1.3},
pmid = {42408600},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The genus Chaetostomella Hendel, 1927 (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the fauna of Morocco is reviewed based on integrative morphological and molecular analyses. Phylogenetic reconstruction using a 657 COI barcoding sequences strongly supports the monophyly of the genus and resolves Chaetostomella steropea as the basalmost lineage, sister to the recently radiated Chaetostomella cylindrica species complex. Two species, Chaetostomella kitaneasp. nov. (reared from Cynara scolymus and Carthamus pectinatus), and Chaetostomellamaroccanasp. nov. (reared from Mantisalca salmantica and Ptilostemon rhiphaeus) are described. Despite showing low genetic divergence from C. cylindrica, which indicates their evolutionary youth, both new species exhibit stable diagnostic morphological characters and geographic isolation. Chaetostomella steropea (Rondani, 1870) is redescribed based on specimens reared from Chamaeleon gummifer, representing its first record for North Africa. Tephritis algira Macquart, 1843 is considered a nomen dubium. A preliminary key to the species of Chaetostomella and remarks on the morphology, distribution and examined material of some little-known non-Moroccan species are provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408610,
year = {2026},
author = {Brooks, SE and Cumming, JM},
title = {Revision of the Microphorella chiragra species group (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato: Parathalassiinae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5844},
number = {1},
pages = {1-66},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5844.1.1},
pmid = {42408610},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The Microphorella chiragra species group is revised and includes M. chiragra Melander, M. longitarsis Melander and M. ornatipes Melander, plus the following 17 newly described species: M. barda sp. nov., M. bicristata sp. nov., M. bradleyisp. nov., M. dilatasp. nov., M. discretasp. nov., M. enigma sp. nov., M. megapternasp. nov., M. obscura sp. nov., M. paraplatypeza sp. nov., M. patrickensis sp. nov., M. platypeza sp. nov., M. sasquatchi sp. nov., M. setosa sp. nov., M. shorthouseisp. nov., M. tubulasp. nov., M. virgata sp. nov. and M. wilderaesp. nov. The species group occurs in the western Nearctic Region from Washington, Idaho and western Montana south through Oregon and California. The distribution of each species is mapped and a key to males is provided. COI mitochondrial DNA barcode analyses indicate the possible existence of additional cryptic species, and/or high intra-specific DNA barcode variation.},
}

@article {pmid42408656,
year = {2026},
author = {Verma, S and Mandal, GP and Mandal, P and Kar, S},
title = {Two new species of Willowsia Shoebotham, 1917 (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5837},
number = {3},
pages = {531-546},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5837.3.6},
pmid = {42408656},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This study describes two new species, Willowsia coxichroma sp. nov. and Willowsia mitrai sp. nov., from the eastern part of the Indian Himalayas, specifically from one of the north-eastern states, namely Arunachal Pradesh. These two new species differ from the other members of Willowsia based on pigment pattern, scale type, and chaetotaxy. Molecular identification and genetic distance of Willowsia coxichromasp. nov. with its congeners supported the novel species identity; however, the generation of barcodes was unsuccessful for Willowsia mitraisp. nov. An updated key to Indian species of Willowsia and a comparison table of related species are also provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408664,
year = {2026},
author = {Sun, YF and Lu, JC and Zhan, ZH and Zhang, F},
title = {Two new species of Coecobrya Yosii (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from Yunnan, China.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5837},
number = {2},
pages = {240-256},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5837.2.2},
pmid = {42408664},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This study describes two new species of Coecobrya Yosii, 1956 (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from the Nangunhe National Nature Reserve in Yunnan, China: Coecobrya tianfucavicasp. nov., collected from bat guano inside a cave, is distinguished by the presence of macrochaeta m2i on abdominal segment I, only three macrochaetae each on abdominal segments II and III, and a highly reduced chaetotaxy on the posterior side of the ventral tube; and Coecobrya pentatriacrasp. nov., collected from forest litter and distinguished by its orange body markings and a unique chaetotaxy pattern of five central and three lateral macrochaetae on the tergite of abdominal segment IV. Both species belong to the tenebricosa-group. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial COI gene supports the independent status of both new species. The minimum genetic distances between each of them and their closely related species exceed the reported barcoding gap threshold for known species in Entomobryidae. This study provides detailed morphological descriptions, comparative analyses with similar species, and a phylogenetic tree and K2P genetic distance analysis based on DNA barcode data, thereby contributing to a better understanding of Coecobrya diversity in southwestern China.},
}

@article {pmid42408671,
year = {2026},
author = {Tribun, MM and Lebedeva, NA},
title = {COX1 gene as a promising tool for barcoding different species of Euplotes (Ciliophora: Euplotidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5837},
number = {2},
pages = {365-378},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5837.2.9},
pmid = {42408671},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Euplotes Ehrenberg, 1830 is a highly diversified genus of ciliates comprising over 160 species. Their identification is problematic at both the morphological and the molecular level. Here, we used an integrative approach to describe four Euplotes species: E. vannus, E. aediculatus, E. sinicus and E. octocarinatus. We obtained 9 new sequences: 4 sequences of the nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene and 5 sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1) gene. For two of these species (E. octocarinatus and E. sinicus) the COX1 gene sequences were obtained for the first time. The topology of phylogenetic trees based on the two marker genes was the same for most of the clades. The COX1 gene showed a good resolution at the intraspecific level. This finding indicates that the COX1 gene is a promising tool for barcoding different species of Euplotes.},
}

@article {pmid42408677,
year = {2026},
author = {Bogorodsky, SV and Matiku, P and Reddy, S},
title = {A new species of Hapalogenys (Lobotiformes: Lobotidae) from the Western Indian Ocean.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5760},
number = {4},
pages = {467-480},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5760.4.3},
pmid = {42408677},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new species of grunter, Hapalogenys olivaceus, is described based on two specimens trawled during a survey conducted by the research vessel Dr. Fridtjof Nansen from off Tanzania in 2023, representing the first record of the genus from the Western Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI barcoding region revealed that the species is a member of the H. kishinouyei species complex, the known members of which are characterized by the presence of two to five longitudinal stripes on the body. However, Hapalogenys olivaceus sp. nov. differs from species of this complex by having a uniformly olive-brown head and body and a pale area posterior to the pectoral fins. In addition, the new species can be distinguished from all eight congeners by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays XI,14; pored lateral-lines scales 44-45; nasal pore followed by a series of distinct pores along the ventral margin of the suborbital; suborbital deeply notched; maxilla scaly; relatively short soft rays in dorsal and anal fins; first pelvic-fin ray filamentous; and black membranes in the posterior portion of the spinous dorsal fin.},
}

@article {pmid42408684,
year = {2026},
author = {Kodama, A and Saito, H and Kawai, K},
title = {Larval morphology and DNA barcoding of the marine Tanytarsini genus Yaetanytarsus Sasa, 1990 (Diptera: Chironomidae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5760},
number = {3},
pages = {361-373},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5760.3.4},
pmid = {42408684},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The marine Tanytarsini genus Yaetanytarsus Sasa, 1990 has been distinguished from Pontomyia Edwards, 1926 by the number of posterior parapod claws and the tapered form of abdominal segment VIII in the larval morphology. To evaluate these diagnostic characteristics, we identified the larvae of the three Yaetanytarsus species using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcoding and subsequently examined their morphology. In total, 13 larvae and eight adults were analyzed. Larval sequences clustered unambiguously with conspecific adults, showing intraspecific K2P distances of 0.0-1.7% and interspecific distances exceeding 10%. The larvae of the three species (Y. boodleae (Tokunaga, 1933), Y. iriomeneus (Sasa & Suzuki, 2000), and Y. lamnicaudus (Tokunaga, 1964)) were examined and exhibited similar morphologies. Morphological comparison revealed that Y. lamnicaudus (Tokunaga, 1964) has 39-61 posterior parapod claws, which overlaps with the range in Pontomyia and indicates this characteristic is not uniformly reliable for separating these genera. Here, we provide the first detailed larval descriptions of these three species of Yaetanytarsus and demonstrate that COI barcoding is a robust tool for species identification in maritime Tanytarsini.},
}

@article {pmid42408693,
year = {2026},
author = {Zhang, ZC and Chen, YZ and Zhang, Y and Yao, Y and Lin, XL},
title = {A review of Rheosmittia Brundin, 1986 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from China based on DNA barcodes and morphology.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5760},
number = {2},
pages = {265-285},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5760.2.6},
pmid = {42408693},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Rheosmittia Brundin, 1986 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from China is reviewed based on DNA barcodes and morphology. Two new species, Rheosmittia motuoensis Zhang & Lin, sp. nov. from Xizang and Rheosmittia wangi Zhang & Lin, sp. nov. from Yunnan, as well as an unidentified larva from Zhejiang, are described and illustrated. The first new species is characterized by its distinctive body coloration, smaller AR, and inferior volsella positioned at the midlength of the gonocoxite, while the second new species is distinguished by slightly curved gonostylus and longer costa extension. Given the distinctive morphology of the gonostylus in R. wangi within the genus, generic diagnosis is amended. A key to adult males of extant Rheosmittia is presented.},
}

@article {pmid42408706,
year = {2026},
author = {Choi, SW and Jin, DH},
title = {Three new species of the tribe Anerastiini (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Korea.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5759},
number = {5},
pages = {559-570},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5759.5.4},
pmid = {42408706},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The tribe Anerastiini in Korea comprises eight species in seven genera: Hypsotropa solipunctella, Enosima leucotaniella, Rhinaphe minor, Emmalocera venosella, Paraemmalocera gensanalis, Maliarpha borealis, Arivaca cuprella, and Arivaca gracilis. Among them, we reviewed four genera, Enosima, Polyocha, Toshitamia, and Paraemmalocera, of the tribe in Korea, and report two new species of Paraemmalocera, one new species of Polyocha, and one new record of Toshitamia for the first time in Korea. Diagnoses, adult figures, and illustrations of male and female genitalia are provided, as well as DNA Barcoding data.},
}

@article {pmid42408719,
year = {2026},
author = {Fiebig, R and Giusti, A and Stadie, D and Strutzberg, H},
title = {Taxonomic revision of the genus Casphalia Walker, 1866 (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae: Limacodinae).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5759},
number = {3},
pages = {201-240},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5759.3.1},
pmid = {42408719},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This paper presents the first comprehensive revision of the Afrotropical genus Casphalia Walker, 1866. Through the utilisation of integrative taxonomic methods (external morphology, dissections of genitalia and DNA barcoding), we distinguish two species groups-C. flavicollis species group and the C. nigerrima species group-within the genus and herein describe 7 new species: C. tabereraesp. nov., C. kerkhofisp. nov., C. hanotisp. nov., C. fredpriceisp. nov., C. kambamasp. nov., C. inlenis sp. nov. and C. clara sp. nov.Erotomania Hering, 1930 is synonymezid with Casphalia and several new taxonomic combinations are proposed: Erotomania schoutedeni Hering, 1930 is transferred to Casphalia (Casphalia schoutedeni (Hering, 1930) comb. nov.) and Casphalia citrimaculata Aurivillius, 1905 is synonymised with Eccopa oculita Karsch, 1899 syn. n. The adults and genitalia of all taxa, their habitats and distribution are illustrated in 180 colour figures and three distribution maps.},
}

@article {pmid42408723,
year = {2026},
author = {Sitoe, JCV and Rusikoza, GF and Sithole, Y and Matcher, G and Psomadakis, PN},
title = {First record and expanded description of Scalicus orientalis (Teleostei: Peristediidae) from Mozambique, southwestern Indian Ocean.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5759},
number = {3},
pages = {321-332},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5759.3.5},
pmid = {42408723},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {The oriental armored gurnard, Scalicus orientalis (Fowler), a benthic species in the family Peristediidae, is redescribed based on a specimen collected in 2023 from off the coast of Mozambique during an ecosystem survey by the R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, alongside four comparative specimens housed in the NRF-SAIAB National Fish Collection. This study is part of a post-survey taxonomic initiative under the EAF-Nansen Programme, aimed at strengthening taxonomic capacity in the East African region and advancing knowledge of its marine fish biodiversity. Detailed morphological analyses, including updated meristic and morphometric data, are presented with illustrations of both fresh and preserved coloration. DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene was used to support morphological identification, and species boundaries within the genus Scalicus were further evaluated using three molecular species delimitation methods: assemble species by automatic partitioning (ASAP), automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD), and Bayesian implementation of the Poisson tree process (PTP). The results confirm the identification of the Mozambican specimen as S. orientalis, representing the first report of this species from the East African coast and the second record from the southwestern Indian Ocean. A revised key to the species of Scalicus is also provided.},
}

@article {pmid42408734,
year = {2026},
author = {Suênia-Bastos, A and Medeiros, AD and Cajé, S and Gualberto, EP and Mielke, OHH and Casagrande, MM},
title = {DNA barcoding solves a taxonomic puzzle in Porphyrogenes Watson, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae, Eudaminae, Phocidini): association of the male and female of Porphyrogenes spadix Austin & O. Mielke, 2008.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5759},
number = {2},
pages = {193-200},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5759.2.7},
pmid = {42408734},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {One striking feature of Porphyrogenes Watson, 1893 species (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae, Eudaminae, Phocidini) is the pronounced sexual dimorphism which challenges taxonomists in associating males and females. In this paper, using DNA barcoding, one female collected in Maranhão (Brazil) is associated with a previously described species only known from Rondônia (Brazil), Porphyrogenes spadix Austin & Mielke, 2008. The phenotype of the female collected in Maranhão matches one of the unassociated females described previously.},
}

@article {pmid42408784,
year = {2026},
author = {Grismer, LL},
title = {Corrigendum for "Confirmed occurrence and DNA barcoding of the Indo-Pacific Slender Gecko, Hemiphyllodactylus typus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in Vietnam".},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5768},
number = {4},
pages = {591},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5768.4.10},
pmid = {42408784},
issn = {1175-5334},
}

@article {pmid42408818,
year = {2026},
author = {Xiao, XR and Cui, XY and Zhang, ZC and Li, YF and Lin, XL},
title = {Redescription of Stempellinella apicula Guo & Wang, 2005 (Diptera: Chironomidae) via DNA barcodes.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5768},
number = {1},
pages = {140-150},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5768.1.10},
pmid = {42408818},
issn = {1175-5334},
}

@article {pmid42408837,
year = {2026},
author = {Pešić, V and Bayçelebi, E and Zawal, A and Bańkowska, A and Jovanović, M and Kumru, S and Baytaşoğlu, H and Kalayci, G},
title = {Molecular diversity of water mites of the Turkish eastern Black Sea basin, with the description of two new species (Acari, Hydrachnidia).},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5763},
number = {3},
pages = {391-406},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5763.3.5},
pmid = {42408837},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {This study identified water mites collected from coastal streams in the provinces of Rize and Trabzon, which flow directly into the Black Sea, using both molecular and morphological approaches. A total of 42 COI barcodes were generated and clustered into 19 BINs, corresponding morphologically to 15 species. Two species, Hygrobates turanisp. nov. and Atractides karadenizensissp. nov. (Hygrobatidae), are described as new to science, while Sperchon milisai Pešić, 2022, and Hygrobates grabowskii Pešić, Saboori, Zawal & Dabert, 2019, are newly reported from Türkiye. The study demonstrates that only a small fraction of Türkiye's water mite diversity can currently be identified using existing DNA-barcode libraries, highlighting the need for their further expansion and refinement in future research.},
}

@article {pmid42408856,
year = {2026},
author = {Erpenbeck, D and Voigt, O and Möx, A and Galitz, A and Gölitz, S and Lüter, C and Patzelt, T and Hofe, TV and Wendel, S and Wörheide, G and Soest, RWMV},
title = {Classification of several demosponge (Demospongiae, Porifera) taxa re-evaluated with DNA barcodes of type (and other) specimens.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5763},
number = {1},
pages = {138-150},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5763.1.6},
pmid = {42408856},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {Demosponge classification is notoriously challenged by the paucity of informative morphological characters with sufficient complexity to discriminate between apomorphies and convergences. Molecular data, preferably from type material, helps shed light on phylogenetic relationships. In the following, we review, based on the results of DNA barcoding of type (and other) material, the classification of several demosponge species and genera with either eminent or previously uncertain classification. We report that the aster-bearing genus Leptosastra Topsent, 1904, is a poecilosclerid, unlike Clathria faviformis Lehnert & van Soest, 1996, which should be classified as Raspailiidae. The genus transfers of Eurypon laughlini Díaz, Alvarez & van Soest, 1987 to Prosuberites Topsent, and Leucophloeus lewisi Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988, to Axinyssa Lendenfeld are supported, unlike the transfer of Halichondria almae (Carballo, Uriz & García-Gómez, 1996) from Ciocalapata de Laubenfels. The new sequences are the first to be published in the new version of the Sponge Barcoding Database (SBDv2) of the Sponge Barcoding Project (www.spongebarcoding.org). Our findings underline the benefits of sequencing historic reference material, even if it is centuries old, and emphasises that type material should always be considered in answering systematic questions, particularly with challenging taxa such as sponges.},
}

@article {pmid42408895,
year = {2026},
author = {Shah, B and Shao, Y and Zhu, YI and Huang, J},
title = {A new dark-winged fungus gnat genus, Linana Shah & Huang gen. nov. (Diptera: Sciaridae), from China, with descriptions of two new species.},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5752},
number = {3},
pages = {435-443},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5752.3.7},
pmid = {42408895},
issn = {1175-5334},
abstract = {A new genus of dark-winged fungus gnats, Linana Shah & Huang gen. nov. is described from China, with two newly described species: Linanaprimaria Shah & Huang gen. et sp. nov. as a type species, and Linanaconfusa Shah & Huang gen. et sp. nov. Morphologically, this genus combines the characters of different clades, by having long and bottleneck-shaped flagellomeres, an undifferentiated tibial organ and non-setose posterior wing veins, but unique male genitalia. DNA barcode data (COI) further support its genetic distinctiveness.},
}

@article {pmid42395410,
year = {2026},
author = {Jandu, S and Patil, A and Paik, J and Mosore, MT and Kline, D and Norris, EJ and Burgess, ER and Riffell, JA},
title = {DNA barcoding and olfactory identification of attractive nectar sources for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.64898/2026.06.19.733381},
pmid = {42395410},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Adult mosquitoes rely on plant-derived sugars for survival, reproduction, and flight, yet the plant taxa that mosquitoes encounter in nature and the odors that make those plants attractive remain poorly understood. Most studies of mosquito attraction to plant odors have focused on candidate plants selected a priori, rather than plants linked to field-collected mosquitoes. Here, we combined plant DNA barcoding, semi-field behavioral assays, and volatile profiling to identify field-associated plant resources relevant to Aedes aegypti . Plant DNA recovered from mosquitoes collected across three Florida counties revealed broad plant associations, including 90 genera spanning 37 families, with several taxa recurring across counties or appearing prominently within particular localities. Behavioral experiments in semi-field sticky-trap assays found that five field-associated plant taxa were significantly attractive relative to blank controls, indicating that taxa associated with mosquitoes in nature can also function as attractive cues under semi-field conditions. GC-MS analyses of headspace collections from 42 plant taxa detected 211 volatile compounds and revealed substantial variation in both total emission rate and odor composition among taxa. Although several compounds, including α-pinene, limonene, 4-ethylacetophenone, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, and caryophyllene, were broadly distributed across plant groups, volatile profiles differed significantly among taxa and shared compounds often occurred at markedly different proportional abundances. The five behaviorally tested taxa likewise showed both overlap and divergence, sharing 17 compounds across all five taxa while differing in dominant constituents and total emissions. Together, these results show that Ae. aegypti interacts with a diverse set of plants in the field, and suggests nectar-seeking is shaped not simply by plant identity or total odor abundance, but by the composition and proportional structure of plant odors.},
}

@article {pmid42392999,
year = {2026},
author = {Souza, TB and Ferreira, DC and Silva, HPD and Machado, CB and Oliveira, C and Netto-Ferreira, AL and Venere, PC},
title = {Cryptic diversity and recent diversification in the Pyrrhulina australis species complex (Characiformes, Lebiasinidae) revealed by mitochondrial DNA.},
journal = {Journal of fish biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jfb.70548},
pmid = {42392999},
issn = {1095-8649},
support = {001//Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior/ ; 000339/2023//Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso/ ; 421733/2017-9//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/ ; 313834/2021-0//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/ ; 405706/2022-7//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/ ; 72550.751.48979//Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/ ; PE501084299-2023//Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (CONCYTEC)/ ; },
abstract = {Pyrrhulina australis Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903, is widely distributed across the main hydrographic basins of South America. The taxonomic integrity of this species is nevertheless challenged by the lack of clear diagnostic characters, its marked geographic variation and the morphological overlap with its congeners. In this context, the present study investigated the genetic diversity of the P. australis group (P. australis, Pyrrhulina marilynae and Pyrrhulina vittata), using sequences of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene to delimit evolutionary lineages and provide insights into biogeographic patterns and divergence times. The molecular delimitation analyses (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery [ABGD], Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning [ASAP], Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP), multi-rate Poisson Tree Processes [mPTP], General Mixed Yule Coalescent [GMYC] and Poisson Tree Processes [PTP]) revealed 12 consensual MOTUs, which represent a complex of cryptic species revealed under the nominal name P. australis, with widely distributed lineages. Divergence time estimates indicate a recent evolutionary history for the group, occurring between the late Pliocene and the Pleistocene. The results reveal a surprising level of diversity within P. australis and provide unprecedented discussions on the biogeographic patterns of the group.},
}

@article {pmid42386051,
year = {2026},
author = {Chibwana, FD},
title = {Barcoding gene (cox1 mtDNA) meta-analysis: A continental perspective for Tylodelphys species (Digenea: Diplostomidae).},
journal = {Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {105977},
doi = {10.1016/j.meegid.2026.105977},
pmid = {42386051},
issn = {1567-7257},
abstract = {The genus Tylodelphys comprises globally distributed digenean flukes with complex life cycles involving freshwater snails, fish or amphibians, and piscivorous birds. However, species delimitation remains challenging due to morphological convergence among larval stages and incomplete resolution of the life cycles. This study conducted a global meta-analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) sequences retrieved from GenBank and BOLD Systems to assess genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and life-cycle linkage within the genus, and to explore the influence of continental isolation or host-driven diversification. Analyses of 496 sequences revealed substantial genetic diversity and recovered 29 well-supported lineages, indicating widespread cryptic speciation. Despite this diversity, only four species (Tylodelphys mashonense, Tylodelphys circibuteonis, Tylodelphys clavata, and Tylodelphys excavata) have life cycles supported by molecular data in databases that link larval and adult stages. Phylogeographic patterns showed strong continental structuring, with no evidence of haplotype sharing among regions, suggesting long-term isolation, host-associated diversification, or sampling bias. Conserved use of planorbid snails as first intermediate hosts and consistent metacercarial tissue tropism indicate evolutionary stability in key life-history traits. In contrast, variation in the second intermediate and definitive hosts suggests ecological flexibility and potential host-switching. Overall, these findings highlight a pronounced gap between cox1-barcoded species and biologically validated species and demonstrate the need to increase barcoding effort in Tylodelphys studies. This study recommends that future studies employ geographic collaborations and integrative approaches that combine multilocus data with targeted life-cycle studies to improve species delimitation and phylogeography and to clarify transmission dynamics in freshwater ecosystems.},
}

@article {pmid42386995,
year = {2026},
author = {Tamadoni Jahromi, S and Gozari, M and Pourmozaffar, S and Barzkar, N},
title = {Allelopathic effects of Padina sp. and Sargassum sp. as biological control agents of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42386995},
issn = {2045-2322},
mesh = {*Sargassum/chemistry/genetics ; *Harmful Algal Bloom/drug effects ; *Biological Control Agents/pharmacology ; Animals ; Indian Ocean ; Oman ; },
abstract = {Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose serious threats to coastal ecosystems, public health, and local economies. This study explores the potential of two native macroalgal genera, Padina sp. and Sargassum sp., collected from the Persian Gulf (Bandar Abbas) and the Gulf of Oman (Chabahar), as biological control agents against Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Species identification was achieved through morphological observations and DNA barcoding (rbcL and psbA), ensuring accurate classification despite overlapping traits. Methanolic extracts of Padina (sp. A and sp. C) and Sargassum (sp. B and sp. D) strains inhibited C. polykrikoides, with Padina sp. A showing the strongest activity (LC50 = 122.2 µg/mL) and Sargassum sp. D the weakest (LC50 = 371.2 µg/mL). Fractionation and identification of the most active extracts using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of terpenoid and phenolic functional groups in the active fractions of Padina sp. A and Sargassum sp. B, respectively. These extracts exhibited negligible effects on non-target microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Isochrysis galbana) at concentrations > 1 mg/mL, shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei), and human endothelial cells (HUVEC), highlighting their selectivity and safety. These findings demonstrate that Padina and Sargassum produce bioactive compounds capable of selectively suppressing harmful microalgae, underscoring their promise as environmentally compatible agents for managing HABs in marine and aquaculture systems.},
}

*Sargassum/chemistry/genetics
*Harmful Algal Bloom/drug effects
*Biological Control Agents/pharmacology
Animals
Indian Ocean
Oman

@article {pmid42388658,
year = {2026},
author = {Guan, F and Hu, Q and Yang, S and Dai, S and Ge, J and Hu, X},
title = {Refinement and application of 12S rRNA meta-barcoding primers for seafood identification in multispecies product.},
journal = {Current research in food science},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {101486},
pmid = {42388658},
issn = {2665-9271},
abstract = {Fish balls, processed from fish surimi, are a popular seafood product that has become a focus of food adulteration monitoring. To reveal the ingredients in fish balls and ensure authenticity, a set of meta-barcoding primers targeting the 12S rRNA gene was designed and optimized using mixed DNA samples from fish, livestock, and poultry, which are common ingredients in fish ball production. PCR products were sequenced using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology to identify animal-derived species. The results demonstrated that the primers accurately identified all mixed ingredients in various proportions. Nine batches of commercial fish balls were analyzed for species composition using the designed primers. All samples contained multiple fish species, with two batches showing serious discrepancies between actual ingredients and labeling. In conclusion, the optimized 12S rRNA meta-barcoding primers effectively identified the ingredients in multi-species fish balls, offering a complementary DNA barcoding tool for market regulation and consumer protection.},
}