@article {pmid40605677,
year = {2025},
author = {Tian, Y and Pang, J},
title = {Revealing the Coupling Coordination Mechanisms between Carbon Efficiency and Carbon Equity: The Evidence in China's Interprovincial Trade.},
journal = {Environmental science & technology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.4c13889},
pmid = {40605677},
issn = {1520-5851},
abstract = {Effectively balancing carbon efficiency and carbon equity is vital for China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals; however, the relationship between them remains unclear. This study first reveals the coupling coordination mechanisms between carbon efficiency and carbon equity based on Chinese provincial data from 2012 to 2017. We demonstrated that the carbon efficiency and carbon equity exhibited a strong coupling coordination relation (CCR). Carbon efficiency significantly promoted carbon equity and was a major driver of the CCR. With every 1 unit increase in carbon efficiency, carbon equity and the CCR increased by 3.766 to 5.694 units and approximately 1-2 units, respectively, and the positive impact of carbon efficiency on the CCR was approximately 6 to 8 times that of carbon equity. Carbon efficiency, carbon equity, and the CCR worsened between 2012 and 2017, and the bottom 50% of them were mainly concentrated in central and western provinces with abundant natural resources and net inflow of embodied carbon emission. Additionally, we demonstrated that resource dependence hindered carbon efficiency, carbon equity, and the CCR, and the potential transmission pathways were the crowding-out effect on the technology innovation, digital informatization, and advancement of industrial structure.},
}

@article {pmid40605266,
year = {2025},
author = {Herman, C and Barker, BM and Bartelli, TF and Chandra, V and Krajmalnik-Brown, R and Jewell, M and Li, L and Liao, C and McAllister, F and Nirmalkar, K and Xavier, JB and Caporaso, JG},
title = {A review of engraftment assessments following fecal microbiota transplant.},
journal = {Gut microbes},
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {2525478},
pmid = {40605266},
issn = {1949-0984},
mesh = {*Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Humans ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; *Clostridium Infections/therapy/microbiology ; Clostridioides difficile/physiology ; Animals ; Feces/microbiology ; Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; },
abstract = {Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) is a treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections and is being explored for other clinical applications, from alleviating digestive and neurological disorders, to restoring microbiomes impacted by cancer treatment. Quantifying the extent of engraftment following an FMT is important in understanding a recipient's response to treatment. Engraftment and clinical response need to be investigated independently to evaluate an FMT's role (or lack thereof) in achieving a clinical response. Standardized bioinformatics methodologies for quantifying engraftment extent would not only improve assessment and understanding of FMT outcomes, but also facilitate comparison of FMT results and protocols across studies. Here we review FMT studies, integrating three concepts from microbial ecology as framework to discuss how these studies approached assessing engraftment extent: 1) Community Coalescence investigates microbiome shifts following FMT engraftment, 2) Indicator Features tracks specific microbiome features as a signal of engraftment, and 3) Resilience examines how resistant post-FMT recipients' microbiomes are to reverting back to baseline. These concepts explore subtly different questions about the microbiome following FMT. Taken together, they provide holistic insight into how an FMT alters a recipient's microbiome composition and provide a clear framework for quantifying and communicating about microbiome engraftment.},
}

*Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Humans
*Gastrointestinal Microbiome
*Clostridium Infections/therapy/microbiology
Clostridioides difficile/physiology
Animals
Feces/microbiology
Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification

@article {pmid40603442,
year = {2025},
author = {Prokop, P and Balcerčík, J and Bonin, P and Thiebaut, G and Provazník, Z and Zvarík, M and Zvaríková, M and Fedor, P},
title = {The effect of fear and compassion on human willingness to protect predators and prey.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {23278},
pmid = {40603442},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; 1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; 1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; 1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; 1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; 1/0211/25//Slovak Grant Agency VEGA/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Fear/psychology ; Female ; Male ; *Empathy ; *Predatory Behavior ; Animals ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Snakes ; Slovakia ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; },
abstract = {Human perception of predators is extremely important because the decline in biodiversity requires greater involvement from the public in species conservation. We conducted an online study in Slovakia with 225 adult participants (151 women; mean age = 24 years), who viewed a series of short videos depicting predator-prey interactions in which the predator either won or lost the encounter. Most of the predators depicted were large mammals (e.g., leopards, lions), one of which was a snake. We examined participants' compassion towards both the predator and prey and their willingness to protect these species. Participants exhibited greater compassion towards predators when they lost, whereas prey received higher compassion scores when they lost than when they won. Prey generally received higher compassion scores than predators. Fear of perceived animals was negatively correlated with compassion for predators and prey. Perceived fear and compassion for both predators and prey were positively correlated with the willingness to protect them (WTP), although these correlations were negative for the majority of predator species. WTP was not significantly influenced by the outcome of the encounter. Snakes, often considered prototypical stimuli for human fear, elicited less compassion and lower WTP compared to mammalian predators. We conclude that human sensitivity to physical interactions between predators and prey does not necessarily translate into a willingness to protect these animals. Conservation strategies need to consider the emotional and cognitive biases people hold toward different species. By acknowledging these biases, especially fear and perceived charisma, conservation campaigns may more effectively foster public support for protecting a broader range of species.},
}

Humans
*Fear/psychology
Female
Male
*Empathy
*Predatory Behavior
Animals
Adult
Young Adult
Snakes
Slovakia
Conservation of Natural Resources

@article {pmid40600126,
year = {2025},
author = {Boyes, D and , and , and , and , and , and , and , },
title = {The genome sequence of the Dotted Ermel moth, Ethmia dodecea (Haworth, 1828).},
journal = {Wellcome open research},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {93},
pmid = {40600126},
issn = {2398-502X},
abstract = {We present a genome assembly from a male Ethmia dodecea (Dotted Ermel; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Depressariidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 457.55 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.87%) is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.34 kilobases in length.},
}

@article {pmid40571725,
year = {2025},
author = {Li, X and Liu, W and Shi, R and Ge, Y and Wang, Q and Yin, C and Liu, J and Shi, X and Mo, F and Chen, C and An, J},
title = {6PPD and 6PPD-Q Inhibit Macrophyte Photosynthesis by Targeting Photosynthetic Antenna: Multiomics and Computational Modeling Insights.},
journal = {Environmental science & technology},
volume = {59},
number = {26},
pages = {13216-13226},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.5c03958},
pmid = {40571725},
issn = {1520-5851},
mesh = {*Photosynthesis/drug effects ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; *Phenylenediamines/toxicity ; Multiomics ; Benzoquinones ; },
abstract = {Emerging evidence indicates that N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its derivative 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) exert photosynthetic toxicity on aquatic macrophytes. However, their precise inhibitory mechanisms and toxic targets within the photosynthetic pathways remain poorly understood. Through a combination of physio-biochemical indicators, multiomics analysis, and molecular docking simulation, this study systematically explored the photosynthetic toxic effects of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q on Ceratophyllum demersum L. (C. demersum). Transcriptomic data identified photosynthetic antenna proteins as primary molecular targets, with both contaminants perturbing the transcriptional regulation of genes and impairing the structural plasticity of associated proteins. These molecular perturbations consequently disrupted the photosynthetic electron transport efficiency. Metabolomic evidence revealed subsequent carbohydrate metabolism imbalances, suggesting compromised carbon fixation capacity of C. demersum. Additionally, molecular docking simulations demonstrated superior binding affinities for both compounds with antenna proteins, particularly emphasizing the enhanced interactions mediated by 6PPD-Q's quinone structure. Comparative analysis indicated that 6PPD-Q's structural modifications may confer greater photosynthetic toxicity compared to the parent compound 6PPD. This multiomics investigation reveals the mechanistic basis of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q-driven photosynthetic toxicity and underscores their potential to destabilize aquatic ecosystems by disrupting primary productivity.},
}

*Photosynthesis/drug effects
Molecular Docking Simulation
*Phenylenediamines/toxicity
Multiomics
Benzoquinones

@article {pmid40563242,
year = {2025},
author = {Arhami, O and Rohani, P},
title = {Topolow: a mapping algorithm for antigenic cross-reactivity and binding affinity assays.},
journal = {Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)},
volume = {41},
number = {7},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf372},
pmid = {40563242},
issn = {1367-4811},
support = {75N93021C00018/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; //NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response, CEIRR/ ; },
mesh = {*Algorithms ; Cross Reactions ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology ; *Antigens, Viral/immunology/chemistry ; Dengue Virus/immunology ; HIV/immunology ; Humans ; *Computational Biology/methods ; *Antigens/immunology/chemistry ; },
abstract = {MOTIVATION: Understanding antigenic evolution through cross-reactivity assays is crucial for tracking rapidly evolving pathogens requiring regular vaccine updates. However, existing cartography methods, commonly based on multidimensional scaling (MDS), face significant challenges with sparse and complex data, producing incomplete and inconsistent maps. There is an urgent need for robust computational methods that can accurately map antigenic relationships from incomplete experimental data while maintaining biological relevance, especially given that more than 95% of possible measurements could be missing in large-scale studies.

RESULTS: We present Topolow, an algorithm that transforms cross-reactivity and binding affinity measurements into accurate positions in a phenotype space. Using a physics-inspired model, Topolow achieved comparable prediction accuracy to MDS for H3N2 influenza and 56% and 41% improved accuracy for dengue and HIV, while maintaining complete positioning of all antigens. The method effectively reduces experimental noise and bias, determines optimal dimensionality through likelihood-based estimation, avoiding distortions due to insufficient dimensions, and demonstrates orders of magnitude better stability across multiple runs. We also introduce antigenic velocity vectors, which measure the rate of antigenic advancement of each isolate per unit of time against its temporal and evolutionary related background, revealing the underlying antigenic relationships and cluster transitions.

Topolow is implemented in R and freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15620983 and https://github.com/omid-arhami/topolow.},
}

*Algorithms
Cross Reactions
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology
*Antigens, Viral/immunology/chemistry
Dengue Virus/immunology
HIV/immunology
Humans
*Computational Biology/methods
*Antigens/immunology/chemistry

@article {pmid40598319,
year = {2025},
author = {Maeke, MD and Yin, X and Wunder, LC and Vanni, C and Richter-Heitmann, T and Miravet-Verde, S and Ruscheweyh, HJ and Sunagawa, S and Fabian, J and Piontek, J and Friedrich, MW and Hassenrück, C},
title = {Extensive data mining uncovers novel diversity among members of the rare biosphere within the Thermoplasmatota.},
journal = {Microbiome},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {155},
pmid = {40598319},
issn = {2049-2618},
support = {EXC-2077-390741603//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; EXC-2077-390741603//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; XJ2300006031//Start-up research fund of Hainan University, China/ ; LT0050/2023-L//Human Frontier Science Program/ ; 205320_215395//Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung/ ; 03F0814//German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)/ ; 03F0848A//German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)/ ; },
mesh = {Phylogeny ; *Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; *Archaea/classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; Metagenomics/methods ; *Data Mining/methods ; Metagenome ; Biodiversity ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Ecosystem ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rare species, especially of the marine sedimentary biosphere, have long been overlooked owing to the complexity of sediment microbial communities, their sporadic temporal and patchy spatial abundance, and challenges in cultivating environmental microorganisms. In this study, we combined enrichments, targeted metagenomic sequencing, and extensive data mining to uncover uncultivated members of the archaeal rare biosphere in marine sediments.

RESULTS: In protein-amended enrichments, we detected the ecologically and metabolically uncharacterized class Candidatus Penumbrarchaeia within the phylum Thermoplasmatota. By screening more than 8000 metagenomic runs and 11,479 published genome assemblies, we expanded the phylogeny of Ca. Penumbrarchaeia by 3 novel orders. All six identified families of this class show low abundance in environmental samples characteristic of rare biosphere members. Members of the class Ca. Penumbrarchaeia were predicted to be involved in organic matter degradation in anoxic, carbon-rich habitats. All Ca. Penumbrarchaeia families contain high numbers of taxon-specific orthologous genes, highlighting their environmental adaptations and habitat specificity. Besides, members of this group exhibit the highest proportion of unknown genes within the entire phylum Thermoplasmatota, suggesting a high degree of functional novelty in this class.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we emphasize the necessity of targeted, data-integrative approaches to deepen our understanding of the rare biosphere and uncover the functions and metabolic potential hidden within these understudied taxa. Video Abstract.},
}

Phylogeny
*Geologic Sediments/microbiology
*Archaea/classification/genetics/isolation & purification
Metagenomics/methods
*Data Mining/methods
Metagenome
Biodiversity
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Ecosystem
Sequence Analysis, DNA

@article {pmid40594873,
year = {2025},
author = {Ahammad, AKS and Abid, MB and Ahmed, I and Mariom, and Khan, MGQ and Haque, MM and Wong, LL and Alam, MA and Bashar, MA},
title = {Transcriptomic profiling to unravel the underlying causes of early gonadal development of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) in Bangladesh.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {22543},
pmid = {40594873},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {5200//Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute/ ; },
mesh = {Female ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; Bangladesh ; *Transcriptome ; Animals ; *Ovary/growth & development/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Ontology ; },
abstract = {Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) is crucial to Bangladesh's economy and ecology, but recent trends show early maturation in small-sized hilsa, with unclear causes. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the ovaries of large and small hilsa using RNA-sequencing. Samples from both sizes were collected from the Meghna River in Chandpur District, and four ovary libraries were sequenced via the Illumina platform. A total of 908 DEGs were detected, of which 453 were up-regulated and 455 were down-regulated. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in Gene Ontology terms such as extracellular region (GO:0005576), innate immune response (GO:0045087), and protein ubiquitination (GO:0016567), peptide antigen binding (GO:0042605), KEGG pathways including MAPK signaling pathway (ko04010), endocytosis (ko04144), and spliceosome (ko03040), as well as COG terms like signal transduction, between the ovary of large and small hilsa shad. These findings suggest that differentially expressed genes may play a role in regulating the ovarian development of T. ilisha. However, the entire process, from sampling to final annotation, is described here, along with the workflow. This study will offer a valuable resource for current and upcoming Hilsa transcriptome-based expression profiling studies.},
}

Female
*Gene Expression Profiling
Bangladesh
*Transcriptome
Animals
*Ovary/growth & development/metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Gene Ontology

@article {pmid40594150,
year = {2025},
author = {Lin, Y and Zhou, J and Wang, J and Xu, H and Li, Y and Chen, F and Liu, Y},
title = {Spatiotemporal evolution and driving forces of landscape ecological risk in the lower reaches of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {21375},
pmid = {40594150},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {0031504//Shandong Top Talent Special Foundation/ ; 42201077//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; ZR2021QD074//Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation/ ; 2023M732105//China Postdoctoral Science Foundation/ ; SDMTKCY-2022-17//Open Subject of Institute of Coal Geology Planning Survey of Shandong Province/ ; 2024KJH087//the Youth Innovation Team Project of Higher School in Shandong Province, China/ ; },
mesh = {*Rivers ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Humans ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Environmental Monitoring ; Human Activities ; Urbanization ; },
abstract = {Rapid urban development and human activities have led to drastic changes in land use, resulting to heightened ecological pressures and risks to ecosystems, especially in cities along the lower reaches of the Yellow River (CLRYR), China. However, the landscape pattern and associated ecological risks in the CLRYR in the past twenty years remain unclear. In this study, we employed the land use data to identify the primary landscape types and their transformations, providing an in-depth analysis of the prevailing landscape pattern and the landscape ecological risk (LER) in the CLRYR. Additionally, we explored the spatial distribution of LER and investigated the underlying driving forces behind these changes. The results reveal that: (1) Cropland is the main landscape type in the CLRYR region; however, the area of cropland decreases with the transition to impervious. (2) Due to human activities, landscape fragmentation and diversity have gradually increased in CLRYR, while aggregation has gradually decreased, until there was some improvement between 2015 and 2020. (3) The LER in the CLRYR region exhibits instability, with values of 0.1761, 0.1751, 0.1760, 0.1773, and 0.1751 displaying a fluctuating downward trend. Directional distribution analysis indicates a movement of the LER center of gravity towards the mouth of the Yellow River, accompanied by an increasing dispersion pattern. Analysis of driving forces suggests that natural factors hold greater explanatory power compared to social factors. Moreover, interaction detection results reveal that the combined effect of any two factors surpasses that of a single factor. The findings offer a theoretical foundation for enhancing planning policies aimed at striking a balance between environmental preservation and social advancement within the CLRYR region.},
}

*Rivers
China
*Ecosystem
Humans
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
*Conservation of Natural Resources
Environmental Monitoring
Human Activities
Urbanization

@article {pmid40593040,
year = {2025},
author = {Liu, S and Li, J and Xia, L and Li, R and Wang, J and Namkha, N},
title = {An integrated GIS-pXRF approach assesses ecological and human health risks from heavy metals in county level soils.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {22834},
pmid = {40593040},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {2024WHZ0237//Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd and Xi'an Jiaotong University/ ; 2024WHZ0237//Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd and Xi'an Jiaotong University/ ; 2024WHZ0237//Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd and Xi'an Jiaotong University/ ; 2023-CX-RKX-102//Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province, China/ ; 2023-CX-RKX-102//Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province, China/ ; 2023-CX-RKX-102//Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province, China/ ; 2024WZ-YBXM-19//Shaanxi Province Foreign Expert Service Project/ ; 300102352502//Open Fund of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, China/ ; DJNY-YB-2023-20//Project of Shaanxi Province Land Engineering Construction Group/ ; DJNY-YB-2023-20//Project of Shaanxi Province Land Engineering Construction Group/ ; 2024JC-YBQN-0541//Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province/ ; },
mesh = {*Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Humans ; *Geographic Information Systems ; *Soil Pollutants/analysis ; China ; *Environmental Monitoring/methods ; *Soil/chemistry ; Risk Assessment ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission/methods ; },
abstract = {Counties in China are the primary components of small and mid-sized city (SMC), and at the core of China's future urbanization and industrialization development. Land is an essential nature resource providing the basis for urban-rural development, which is directly influenced by anthropogenic processes and in turn has impacts on human health. Clarifying the distribution characteristics and causes of heavy metals (HMs) pollution in soils is key to ensuring human health, as well as promoting land sustainability at county-level. In order to efficiently identify high risk regions of HMs pollution, this study proposed a geographic information system (GIS)-portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF)-based approach to measure local soil background of HMs and to screen high risk regions in Shangzhou, China. ICP-MS and pXRF results showed a good agreement of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and As with R[2] ranging from 0.757 to 0.966. Soil background of Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb had increased by 33.34-129.74% compared to 1990 levels. HMs concentrations in soils of urban-rural fringe were generally larger than those of urban and rural area. Particularly, soil background of Zn and Pb in urban-rural fringe exceeded 28.90% and 19.93% of urban area, 46.33% and 41.91% of rural area, respectively. In high soil background regions, 25% of sampling points were considered as moderate risk or above, with ecological risk index (RI) greater than 150. As, Cr and Ni were identified as major contributors to human health risk, and children were more vulnerable than adults with considerably total non-carcinogenic risk (THI = 1.46) and carcinogenic health risk (TCR = 1.52 × 10[- 4]). Anthropogenic process including industrial manufacturing, agricultural practice, urban expansion and land conversion brought about the HMs accumulation in soils. This study indicated industrial zone in urban-rural fringe should be priority-controlled, and provided scientific basis for urban-rural environmental management and human health risk protection.},
}

*Metals, Heavy/analysis
Humans
*Geographic Information Systems
*Soil Pollutants/analysis
China
*Environmental Monitoring/methods
*Soil/chemistry
Risk Assessment
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission/methods

@article {pmid40589590,
year = {2025},
author = {Richards, CS and Vera Cruz, D and Shapiro, JW and Wootton, JT and Pfister, CA},
title = {Spatially Varying Selection Amplifies Intrapopulation Differentiation Among Phenotypic Traits in the Rocky-Shore Mussel, Mytilus californianus.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {15},
number = {7},
pages = {e71641},
pmid = {40589590},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Strong ecological gradients along heterogeneous environments play an important role in shaping population differentiation across species ranges. Thus, the selective pressure of environmental variation on phenotypic variation strongly affects an organism's ability to persist across diverse or new environments. We investigated the spatial variability of biological responses in the intertidal bivalve Mytilus californianus to highlight the costs and trade-offs of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity across various functional traits in a dynamic environment, the marine intertidal. To test this, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment with M. californianus individuals originating from the upper and lower intertidal measuring relevant phenotypic traits, followed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). We determined that morphological traits in individuals demonstrated phenotypic plasticity when moved to new environments, whereas physiological traits such as metabolism exhibited constraints in plasticity. Additionally, mussels from high intertidal zones, which experience greater heat and aerial exposure stress, maintained lower metabolic rates and showed increased frequencies of non-synonymous mutations in functionally relevant heat shock proteins when compared to low intertidal mussels. These results suggest that morphological and physiological traits responded differently to spatially varying selection within the marine intertidal.},
}

@article {pmid40588733,
year = {2025},
author = {Zhang, H and Fu, Y and Cao, C and Jiang, H and Tang, R and Dai, Z and Zhang, W},
title = {Identification and characterization of novel CRESS-DNA viruses in the human respiratory tract.},
journal = {Virology journal},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {211},
pmid = {40588733},
issn = {1743-422X},
support = {82341106//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2023YFD1801301 and 2022YFC2603801//National Key Research and Development Programs of China/ ; JLY2021151//Clinical Medicine Science and Technology Development Foundation of Jiangsu University/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Phylogeny ; *DNA Viruses/classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; Metagenomics ; Genome, Viral ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; *Respiratory System/virology ; Computational Biology ; *Nasopharynx/virology ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; },
abstract = {CRESS-DNA viruses are small, circular, single-stranded DNA viruses that have been identified in diverse environments and hosts, including vertebrates, invertebrates, and environmental samples. However, their diversity and role in the human respiratory tract remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed viral metagenomics to analyze 140 nasopharyngeal swab samples from asymptomatic individuals. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to identify and characterize novel CRESS-DNA viruses. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred based on Rep protein sequences using maximum likelihood analysis. We identified and characterized eight novel CRESS-DNA viruses, which were classified into the families Endolinaviridae and Naryaviridae, with one potentially representing a novel viral family. These viruses exhibited typical circular genomic structures encoding Rep and Cap proteins, with conserved motifs associated with rolling circle replication. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some viruses were closely related to sequences from vertebrate hosts or environmental samples, suggesting a diverse ecological distribution. Our findings expand the known diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses in the human respiratory tract and highlight their potential ecological and evolutionary significance. Further studies are needed to explore their host specificity, replication mechanisms, and potential roles in human health and disease.},
}

Humans
Phylogeny
*DNA Viruses/classification/genetics/isolation & purification
Metagenomics
Genome, Viral
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
*Respiratory System/virology
Computational Biology
*Nasopharynx/virology
DNA, Viral/genetics
Female
Male
Adult

@article {pmid40588154,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, Y and Li, H and Tan, F and Jin, LN and Su, J and Luo, C},
title = {Root and foliar uptake, bidirectional translocation, subcellular distribution, and metabolism of tire wear particle-derived p-phenylenediamines and their quinones in Chinese cabbage and bok choy.},
journal = {Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)},
volume = {382},
number = {},
pages = {126737},
doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126737},
pmid = {40588154},
issn = {1873-6424},
abstract = {Tire wear particles (TWPs) and TWP-derived compounds have caused global concern for their toxicity, but their impacts on vegetables, particularly through foliar absorption, remain largely unknown. We investigated the absorption, translocation, accumulation, and metabolism of TWP-derived p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) and PPD-quinones (PPDQs) in hydroponic and soil-cultured leafy vegetables by exposing them to TWPs through roots and leaves. PPDs and PPDQs can be absorbed by vegetables through both roots and leaves, with subsequent bidirectional translocation within vegetables. TWPs with smaller particle sizes and higher aging degrees can release more PPDs and PPDQs, resulting in increased absorptions by the vegetables. Leaves with higher wax secretion, lipid content, and trichome abundance exhibit greater uptake capabilities. PPDs and PPDQs absorbed by leaves can be released back into the environment through roots. The subcellular distribution and translocation of PPDs and PPDQs in vegetables are mainly controlled by their octanol-water partition coefficients with highly hydrophobic congeners primarily accumulating in cell walls and organelles. We screened the 6PPD and 6PPDQ metabolites in leafy vegetables and found that their metabolic processes are influenced by their exposure medium and tissue specificity. The results highlight the risks posed by vegetables absorbing, accumulating, and metabolizing airborne TWP-derived chemicals through their leaves.},
}

@article {pmid40425424,
year = {2025},
author = {Cardoso, P and Branco, V and Correia, L and Emerson, BC and Laine, VN and Lopes, M},
title = {Automated biodiversity research critically requires multidisciplinary expertise.},
journal = {Trends in ecology & evolution},
volume = {40},
number = {7},
pages = {626-628},
doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2025.05.003},
pmid = {40425424},
issn = {1872-8383},
mesh = {*Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; *Automation ; *Ecology/methods ; *Computational Biology/methods ; },
abstract = {Data-driven computational methods in taxonomy, ecology, and conservation biology are revolutionising these disciplines, from data collection to analysis and interpretation. However, effective automation requires both critical thinking about the limitations of the data and methods, and thorough training and validation by experts, supported by strong interdisciplinary collaboration.},
}

*Biodiversity
*Conservation of Natural Resources/methods
*Automation
*Ecology/methods
*Computational Biology/methods

@article {pmid40586834,
year = {2025},
author = {Moisa, MB and Roba, ZR and Purohit, S and Deribew, KT and Gemeda, DO},
title = {Evaluating the impact of land use and land cover change on soil moisture variability using GIS and remote sensing technology in southwestern Ethiopia.},
journal = {Environmental monitoring and assessment},
volume = {197},
number = {7},
pages = {824},
pmid = {40586834},
issn = {1573-2959},
mesh = {Ethiopia ; *Soil/chemistry ; *Remote Sensing Technology ; *Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Geographic Information Systems ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Water/analysis ; Ecosystem ; Forests ; },
abstract = {Soil moisture dynamics are critical for agriculture, water resources, and climate resilience in Ethiopia, influencing crop yields, water availability, and ecosystem health. Assessing soil moisture variability in relation to land use and cover (LULC) changes is essential for effective ecosystem conservation and climate change adaptation, ensuring sustainable development and resilience to environmental challenges. This study examines the impact of LULC changes on soil moisture variability in Southwestern Ethiopia over 30 years (1994-2024). Utilizing Landsat Thematic Mapper (1994), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (2004), and Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (2024) data, LULC changes were analyzed using supervised classification approach with the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm. The classification process was conducted using ERDAS Imagine 2015 software. In addition, vegetation health and soil moisture dynamics were assessed through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI). Results reveal a significant increase in cultivated land from 3595.2 km[2] (42.0%) to 6183.3 km[2] (72.2%), with a corresponding decrease in forest cover from 3119.2 km[2] (36.4%) to 2030.4 km[2] (23.7%).This significant shift indicates intensive agricultural expansion at the expense of forest cover, highlighting increased land conversion pressures. NDVI values dropped from 0.71 in 1994 to 0.52 in 2024, this decline in NDVI values signifies a substantial reduction in vegetation cover and density over the 30-year period. The NDMI results indicated a decrease in peak moisture levels and average soil moisture, emphasizing a growing trend of intensified dryness. This soil moisture decline is attributed to factors such as reduced precipitation, increased evaporation, and changes in LULC. The conversion of forest land to cultivation led to a significant decrease in NDMI values, reflecting a reduction in soil moisture due to the loss of forest cover and increased evapotranspiration from agricultural activities. A strong correlation (R[2] = 0.98) between NDVI and NDMI highlights that higher vegetation cover is associated with higher soil moisture. Therefore, the study highlights the profound impact of land use and land cover changes on soil moisture, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable land management practices. These practices are critical to combat environmental degradation, improve soil moisture retention, and bolster ecosystem resilience, ensuring a sustainable and climate-resilient future.},
}

Ethiopia
*Soil/chemistry
*Remote Sensing Technology
*Environmental Monitoring/methods
Geographic Information Systems
Agriculture
Climate Change
Conservation of Natural Resources
Water/analysis
Ecosystem
Forests

@article {pmid40585004,
year = {2025},
author = {Boyes, D and Crowley, LM and Boyes, C and , and , and , and , and , and , and , },
title = {The genome sequence of the Uncertain moth, Hoplodrina octogenaria (Goeze, 1781).},
journal = {Wellcome open research},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {201},
pmid = {40585004},
issn = {2398-502X},
abstract = {We present a genome assembly from a male specimen of Hoplodrina octogenaria (Uncertain moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 476.65 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.98%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.93 kilobases.},
}

@article {pmid40578867,
year = {2025},
author = {Topalian, N and Fagherazzi, G and Perchoux, C},
title = {Daily mobility, activity and environmental determinants of stress in ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and GPS studies: a scoping review protocol.},
journal = {BMJ open},
volume = {15},
number = {6},
pages = {e091509},
pmid = {40578867},
issn = {2044-6055},
mesh = {Humans ; Scoping Review as Topic ; *Ecological Momentary Assessment ; *Geographic Information Systems ; *Stress, Psychological ; Research Design ; *Activities of Daily Living ; Environment ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Stress is omnipresent in our everyday lives and a key risk factor for our physical and mental health. Yet little is known about the impact of geographic life environments, linked to our daily activities and mobility patterns, on our momentary and daily stress levels.We propose this review to gather evidence on the spatio-temporal determinants of momentary or daily stress in studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) or experience sampling methods (ESM) in addition to global positioning systems (GPS) tracking. We will focus on the spatio-temporal definition and modelling of environmental exposures accounting for participant daily activities and mobility patterns and their association with stress.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This scoping review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework for scoping reviews (2018). We will search the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Scopus databases. We will include papers using EMA or ESM and GPS measuring chronic, daily or momentary stress as an outcome; these methods are also referred to as geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment.Articles published from January 2000-June 2025 will be screened. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts to agree on the inclusion of articles. No geographical or population limitation will be imposed.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study is a scoping review based on previously published and publicly available literature. It does not involve the collection of primary data, human participants, or the processing of personal or sensitive information. Therefore, ethical approval is not required in accordance with institutional and international research ethics guidelines. The results will be submitted in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.},
}

Humans
Scoping Review as Topic
*Ecological Momentary Assessment
*Geographic Information Systems
*Stress, Psychological
Research Design
*Activities of Daily Living
Environment

@article {pmid40578201,
year = {2025},
author = {Son, HF and Hwang, S and Kim, Y and Ahn, JH and Ko, JK and Gong, G and Um, Y and Park, JH and Park, HJ and Lee, SM},
title = {Enzymatic depolymerization of polyethylene using a small laccase and its potential for bio-upcycling.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {495},
number = {},
pages = {139021},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139021},
pmid = {40578201},
issn = {1873-3336},
abstract = {Polyethylene (PE) plastics present significant environmental challenges due to their recalcitrant nature and widespread usage. This study explores the biological degradation of PE using a novel enzyme, small laccase from Amycolatopsis sp. ATCC 39116 (ASLAC). Among four selected laccases, ASLAC demonstrated the highest biomass production using PE as a carbon source when expressed by Yarrowia lipolytica. Surface analysis of PE films treated with purified ASLAC, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealed substantial degradation of the material. The degradation products were successfully utilized by Y. lipolytica, underscoring its potential for converting PE into bioenergy. Structural analysis and molecular docking simulations revealed that the substrate binding site of ASLAC, characterized by a hydrophobic planner configuration, is highly optimized for binding and cleaving PE polymers. This unique structure distinguishes it from other laccases with narrower or obstructed binding sites. Phylogenetic analysis of 311 small laccase sequences classified ASLAC into the Type-Ia subgroup, which exhibited superior potential for PE degradation. This study establishes ASLAC as a promising biocatalyst for sustainable PE management, providing a foundation for future applications in bioremediation and polymer upcycling.},
}

@article {pmid40432231,
year = {2025},
author = {Tian, XC and Nie, S and Domingues, D and Rossi Paschoal, A and Jiang, LB and Mao, JF},
title = {PlantLncBoost: key features for plant lncRNA identification and significant improvement in accuracy and generalization.},
journal = {The New phytologist},
volume = {247},
number = {3},
pages = {1538-1549},
pmid = {40432231},
issn = {1469-8137},
support = {2022YFD2200103//National Key R&D Program of China/ ; 32171816//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; ZR2022YQ23//Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of Shandong Province/ ; 2025A1515012969//Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation/ ; #440412/2022-6//Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq/ ; Project: NAPI Bioinformatica #66.2021//Fundação Araucária/ ; },
mesh = {*RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; *RNA, Plant/genetics ; *Computational Biology/methods ; Algorithms ; *Plants/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; *Software ; Open Reading Frames/genetics ; },
abstract = {Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of numerous biological processes in plants. Nevertheless, their identification is challenging due to the low sequence conservation across various species. Existing computational methods for lncRNA identification often face difficulties in generalizing across diverse plant species, highlighting the need for more robust and versatile identification models. Here, we present PlantLncBoost, a novel computational tool designed to improve the generalization in plant lncRNA identification. By integrating advanced gradient boosting algorithms with comprehensive feature selection, our approach achieves both high accuracy and generalizability. We conducted an extensive analysis of 1662 features and identified three key features - ORF coverage, complex Fourier average, and atomic Fourier amplitude - that effectively distinguish lncRNAs from mRNAs. We assessed the performance of PlantLncBoost using comprehensive datasets from 20 plant species. The model exhibited exceptional performance, with an accuracy of 96.63%, a sensitivity of 98.42%, and a specificity of 94.93%, significantly outperforming existing tools. Further analysis revealed that the features we selected effectively capture the differences between lncRNAs and mRNAs across a variety of plant species. PlantLncBoost represents a significant advancement in plant lncRNA identification. It is freely accessible on GitHub (https://github.com/xuechantian/PlantLncBoost) and has been integrated into a comprehensive analysis pipeline, Plant-LncRNA-pipeline v.2 (https://github.com/xuechantian/Plant-LncRNA-pipeline-v2).},
}

*RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
*RNA, Plant/genetics
*Computational Biology/methods
Algorithms
*Plants/genetics
RNA, Messenger/genetics
*Software
Open Reading Frames/genetics

@article {pmid40167332,
year = {2025},
author = {Curto, M and Veríssimo, A and Riccioni, G and Santos, CD and Ribeiro, F and Jentoft, S and Alves, MJ and Gante, HF},
title = {Improving Whole Biodiversity Monitoring and Discovery With Environmental DNA Metagenomics.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {e14105},
pmid = {40167332},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {CEEC/0482/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; DL 57/2016/CP1440/CP1646/CT0001//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; LA/P/0069/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; PTDC/BIA-CBI/31644/2017//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; UID/04292/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; UID/BIA/00329/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; UIDP/50027/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; LA/P/0048/2020//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; 857251//Horizon 2020 Framework Programme/ ; STG/21/044//KU Leuven/ ; },
mesh = {*Metagenomics/methods ; *Biodiversity ; *DNA, Environmental/genetics ; *Computational Biology/methods ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods ; Metagenome ; },
abstract = {Environmental DNA (eDNA) metagenomics sequences all DNA molecules present in environmental samples and has the potential of identifying virtually any organism from which they are derived. However, due to unacceptable levels of false positives and negatives, this approach is underexplored as a tool for biodiversity monitoring across the tree of life, particularly for non-microscopic eukaryotes. We present SeqIDist, a framework that combines multilocus BLAST matches against several reference databases followed by an analysis of sequence identity distribution patterns to disentangle false positives while revealing new biodiversity and increasing the accuracy of metagenomic approaches. We tested SeqIDist on an eDNA metagenomic dataset from a riverine site and compared the results to those obtained with an eDNA metabarcoding approach for benchmarking purposes. We start by characterising the biological community (~2000 taxa) across the tree of life at low taxonomic levels and show that eDNA metagenomics has a higher sensitivity than eDNA metabarcoding in discovering new diversity. We show that limited representation of whole genome sequences in reference databases can lead to false positives. For non-microscopic eukaryotes, eDNA metagenomic data often consist of a few sparse, anonymous sequences scattered across the genome, making metagenome assembly methods unfeasible. Finally, we infer eDNA source and residency time using read length distributions as a measure of decay status. The higher accuracy of SeqIDist opens the discussion of the potential of eDNA metagenomics for archived samples and its implementation in long-term biodiversity monitoring at a planetary scale.},
}

*Metagenomics/methods
*Biodiversity
*DNA, Environmental/genetics
*Computational Biology/methods
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods
Metagenome

@article {pmid40125978,
year = {2025},
author = {Bailey, N and Stevison, L and Samuk, K},
title = {Correcting for Bias in Estimates of θ w and Tajima's D From Missing Data in Next-Generation Sequencing.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {e14104},
pmid = {40125978},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {R35GM147501/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States ; R35GM147501/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {*High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods ; *Genetics, Population/methods ; *Genetic Variation ; Software ; *Computational Biology/methods ; Bias ; },
abstract = {Population genetic analyses use information from the site frequency spectrum to infer evolutionary processes. Two summary statistics, Watterson's estimator (θ w) of genetic diversity, and Tajima's D , used for detecting non-neutral evolution, are among the most frequently computed statistics utilising this information. However, missing information in genomic data, particularly as encoded in the Variant Call Format (VCF), can bias these estimates, leading to incorrect evolutionary inferences. We assessed the impact of missing data on the estimation of these statistics using various population genetic software packages (VCFtools, PopGenome, pegas and scikit-allel). By simulating neutral genomic data with varying levels of missing genotypes and sites, we found consistent underestimation of θ w across programs. We found a consequent bias in estimates of Tajima's D , though the direction varied by software. We developed and implemented correction methods as functions in an update of the popular pixy software, significantly reducing these biases. Our findings highlight the need for accurate data handling in population genomics to avoid misinterpretations of evolutionary phenomena.},
}

*High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods
*Genetics, Population/methods
*Genetic Variation
Software
*Computational Biology/methods
Bias

@article {pmid40087979,
year = {2025},
author = {Van den Wyngaert, S and Cerbin, S and Garzoli, L and Grossart, HP and Gsell, AS and Kraberg, A and Lepère, C and Neuhauser, S and Stupar, M and Tarallo, A and Cunliffe, M and Gachon, C and Gavrilović, A and Masigol, H and Rasconi, S and Selmeczy, GB and Schmeller, DS and Scholz, B and Timoneda, N and Trbojević, I and Wilk-Woźniak, E and Reñé, A},
title = {ParAquaSeq, a Database of Ecologically Annotated rRNA Sequences Covering Zoosporic Parasites Infecting Aquatic Primary Producers in Natural and Industrial Systems.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {e14099},
pmid = {40087979},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {PID2020-112978GB-I00//Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/ ; CA20125//European Cooperation in Science and Technology/ ; 451-03-66/2024-03/200178//Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja/ ; 239548-051//RANNIS Icelandic Research Fund/ ; 340659//Research Council of Finland/ ; 346387//Research Council of Finland/ ; 101086521//European Commission/ ; IR0000005//European Commission/ ; NKFIH KKP 144068//National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security/ ; RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00008//National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security/ ; Y0801-B16//Austrian Science Fund/ ; //AXA Research Fund/ ; ANR-21-BIRE-0002-01//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; 101052342//Biodiversa+/ ; CIR-01_00028//Italian Ministry of University and Research/ ; GR1540/33-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; GR1540/47-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; GR1540/48-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; GR1540/51-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; CEX2019-000928-S//AEI/ ; },
mesh = {*Aquatic Organisms/parasitology ; *RNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Microalgae/parasitology ; *Parasites/genetics/classification ; *Databases, Genetic ; },
abstract = {Amplicon sequencing tools such as metabarcoding are commonly used for thorough characterisation of microbial diversity in natural samples. They mostly rely on the amplification of conserved universal markers, mainly ribosomal genes, allowing the taxonomic assignment of barcodes. However, linking taxonomic classification with functional traits is not straightforward and requires knowledge of each taxonomic group to confidently assign taxa to a given functional trait. Zoosporic parasites are highly diverse and yet understudied, with many undescribed species and host associations. However, they can have important impacts on host populations in natural ecosystems (e.g., controlling harmful algal blooms), as well as on industrial-scale algae production, e.g. aquaculture, causing their collapse or economic losses. Here, we present ParAquaSeq, a curated database of available molecular ribosomal sequences belonging to zoosporic parasites infecting aquatic vascular plants, macroalgae and photosynthetic microorganisms, i.e. microalgae and cyanobacteria. These sequences are aligned with ancillary data and other information currently available, including details on their hosts, occurrence, culture availability and associated bibliography. The database includes 1131 curated sequences from marine, freshwater and industrial or artificial environments, and belonging to 13 different taxonomic groups, including Chytridiomycota, Oomycota, Phytomyxea, and Syndiniophyceae. The curated database will allow a comprehensive analysis of zoosporic parasites in molecular datasets to answer questions related to their occurrence and distribution in natural communities. Especially through meta-analysis, the database serves as a valuable tool for developing effective mitigation and sustainable management strategies in the algae biomass industry, but it will also help to identify knowledge gaps for future research.},
}

*Aquatic Organisms/parasitology
*RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
Microalgae/parasitology
*Parasites/genetics/classification
*Databases, Genetic

@article {pmid40079420,
year = {2025},
author = {Jurburg, SD},
title = {Short Read Lengths Recover Ecological Patterns in 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Data.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {e14102},
pmid = {40079420},
issn = {1755-0998},
mesh = {*RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; *Bacteria/genetics/classification ; *Metagenomics/methods ; Microbiota ; Animals ; *DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods ; Biodiversity ; Computational Biology/methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; },
abstract = {16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, the study of amplicon sequences of the 16S rRNA gene from mixed environmental samples, is an increasingly popular and accessible method for assessing bacterial communities across a wide range of environments. As metabarcoding sequence data archives continue to grow, data reuse will likely become an important source of novel insights into the ecology of microbes. While recent work has demonstrated the benefits of longer read lengths for the study of microbial communities from 16S rRNA gene segments, no studies have explored the use of shorter (< 200 bp) read lengths in the context of data reuse. Nevertheless, this information is essential to improve the reuse and comparability of metabarcoding data across existing datasets. This study reanalyzed nine 16S rRNA datasets targeting aquatic, animal-associated and soil microbiomes, and evaluated how processing the sequence data across a range of read lengths affected the resulting taxonomic assignments, biodiversity metrics and differential (i.e., before-after treatment) analyses. Short read lengths successfully recovered ecological patterns and allowed for the use of more sequences. Limited increases in resolution were observed beyond 150 bp reads across environments. Furthermore, abundance-weighted diversity metrics (e.g., Inverse Simpson index, Morisita-Horn dissimilarities or weighted Unifrac distances) were more robust to variation in read lengths. Read lengths alone contributed to consistent increases in the total number of ASVs detected, highlighting the need to consider metabarcoding-derived diversity estimates within the context of the bioinformatics parameters selected. This study provides evidence-based guidelines for the processing of short reads.},
}

*RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
*Bacteria/genetics/classification
*Metagenomics/methods
Microbiota
Animals
*DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods
Biodiversity
Computational Biology/methods
Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods

@article {pmid40051336,
year = {2025},
author = {Birchard, K and Boccia, C and Lounder, H and Colston-Nepali, L and Friesen, VL},
title = {Popfinder: A Highly Effective Artificial Neural Network Package for Genetic Population Assignment.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {6},
pages = {e14096},
pmid = {40051336},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {//Environment and Climate Change Canada/ ; },
mesh = {*Neural Networks, Computer ; Animals ; *Genetics, Population/methods ; *Computational Biology/methods ; *Software ; *Birds/genetics/classification ; },
abstract = {The ability to assign biological samples to source populations with high accuracy and precision based on genetic variation is important for numerous applications from ecological studies through wildlife conservation to epidemiology. However, population assignment when genetic differentiation is low is challenging, and methods to address this problem are lacking. The application of artificial neural networks to population assignment using genomic data is highly promising. Here we present popfinder: a new, easy-to-use Python-based artificial neural network pipeline for genetic population assignment. We tested popfinder both with simulated genetic data from populations connected by varying levels of gene flow and with reduced-representation sequence data for three species of seabirds with weak to no population genetic structure. Popfinder was able to assign individuals to their source populations with high accuracy, precision and recall in most cases, including both simulated and empirical data sets, except in the empirical data set with the weakest population structure, where the comparator programs also performed poorly. Compared to other available software, popfinder was slower on the simulated data sets due to hyperparameter tuning and the fact that it does not reduce the dimensionality of the data set; however, all programs ran in seconds on empirical data sets. Additionally, popfinder provides a perturbation ranking method to help develop optimised SNP panels for genetic population assignment and is designed to be user-friendly. Finally, we caution users of all assignment programs to watch both for leakage of data during model training, which can lead to overfitting and inflation of performance metrics, and for unequal detection probabilities.},
}

*Neural Networks, Computer
Animals
*Genetics, Population/methods
*Computational Biology/methods
*Software
*Birds/genetics/classification

@article {pmid40577234,
year = {2025},
author = {Roberts, T and Hanan, NP},
title = {Sapflow Database Reveals Density-Dependent Competition Among Woody Plants at Global Scale.},
journal = {Ecology letters},
volume = {28},
number = {6},
pages = {e70167},
pmid = {40577234},
issn = {1461-0248},
support = {DEB 2025166//National Science Foundation/ ; //New Mexico Space Consortium/ ; },
mesh = {Databases, Factual ; *Water/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; *Trees/physiology ; },
abstract = {Though limiting resources differ among systems, water is limiting in most arid and many mesic systems, potentially allowing for direct measurement of competition by measurement of water uptake. Sapflow measurements provide a direct measure of water movement through plant stems, but, to our knowledge, sapflow has never been used to study density dependence and competition at large (regional or global) scales. Here, we examine a global database of sapflow measurements, the SapFluxNet database, for signs of density-dependent competition for water. We find that plant-level water uptake decreases with increasing competition from neighbours (specifically, neighbourhood basal area). Further analysis demonstrates that global-scale variability in annual sapflow can be largely explained (R[2] = 0.522) by the combination of average vapour pressure and neighbourhood summed basal area. This analysis provides a rare quantification of plant competition for a limiting resource inferred directly via measurements of resource acquisition (i.e., sapflow).},
}

Databases, Factual
*Water/metabolism
Ecosystem
*Trees/physiology

@article {pmid40573089,
year = {2025},
author = {Suarez, C and Adibi, S},
title = {Integrating Traditional Nutritional Wisdom into Digital Nutrition Platforms: Toward Culturally Adaptive and Inclusive Health Technologies.},
journal = {Nutrients},
volume = {17},
number = {12},
pages = {},
pmid = {40573089},
issn = {2072-6643},
mesh = {Humans ; *Biomedical Technology/methods ; Culture ; *Digital Technology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; *Nutritional Sciences ; },
abstract = {Background/Objectives: Traditional nutritional knowledge, shaped by centuries of cultural and ecological adaptation, offers holistic and sustainable dietary frameworks that remain highly relevant to modern health challenges. However, current digital nutrition platforms often fail to reflect this diversity, relying instead on standardized models with limited cultural sensitivity. This paper aims to explore how traditional nutritional wisdom can be integrated into digital health platforms to promote more inclusive and effective approaches to personalized nutrition. Methods: This perspective paper employs a cultural adaptation framework to analyze the integration of traditional food knowledge into digital contexts. Drawing from interdisciplinary research across nutrition science, anthropology, digital health and implementation science, we utilize the Knowledge-to-Action (KTA) Framework and the PEN-3 Cultural Model to structure our analysis. A systematic scoping review of literature published between 2010 and 2025 was conducted to identify integration challenges and opportunities. Additionally, we analyzed case studies of three traditional dietary systems (Argentina, Italy and Japan) and evaluated five leading digital nutrition platforms for their degree of cultural inclusivity, using qualitative comparative methods. Results: The analysis highlights significant challenges in adapting traditional knowledge to digital formats, including standardization barriers, contextual loss and technological limitations. However, successful integration initiatives demonstrate that through participatory design, flexible data architectures and culturally-informed algorithms, traditional food systems can be meaningfully represented. Our proposed four-phase integration framework-documentation, digital adaptation, implementation and evaluation-provides a structured approach for developers and researchers. Conclusions: Bridging traditional nutrition with digital platforms represents a vital opportunity to enhance personalization and preserve food heritage while improving health outcomes for diverse populations. This integration requires interdisciplinary collaboration, user-centered design processes and ethical approaches that respect cultural ownership and context.},
}

Humans
*Biomedical Technology/methods
Culture
*Digital Technology
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
*Nutritional Sciences

@article {pmid40571921,
year = {2025},
author = {Demsash, AW and Abebe, R and Gezimu, W and Kitil, GW and Tizazu, MA and Lambebo, A and Bekele, F and Alemu, SS and Jarso, MH and Dube, GN and Wedajo, LF and Purohit, S and Kalayou, MH},
title = {Correction: Data-driven machine learning algorithm model for pneumonia prediction and determinant factor stratification among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia.},
journal = {BMC infectious diseases},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {808},
pmid = {40571921},
issn = {1471-2334},
}

@article {pmid40562960,
year = {2025},
author = {Habibie, MI and Hariyanto, and Arifandri, R and Qonita, Z and Kricella, P and Khoirudin, MH and Fuadi, NMR and Shabrina, N and Gutami, NI and Sadiah, S and Kartikasari, D and Widodo, MMA and Waluyo, and Binaruno, FA and Ismoyo, K},
title = {A comparative study of fully automatic and semi-automatic methods for oil spill detection using Sentinel-1 data.},
journal = {Environmental monitoring and assessment},
volume = {197},
number = {7},
pages = {808},
pmid = {40562960},
issn = {1573-2959},
mesh = {*Petroleum Pollution/analysis/statistics & numerical data ; *Environmental Monitoring/methods ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Machine Learning ; Indonesia ; Geographic Information Systems ; Neural Networks, Computer ; },
abstract = {The oil spill detection and assessment study conducted in the Banten Province of Indonesia involves the application of Sentinel-1 satellite data and machine learning tools in the year 2024. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data were used with VV polarization to observe the surface characteristics, using an oil spill threshold of - 25 dB to differentiate clean water from the oil spill based on low backscatter intensity. After desiring image processing and binary masking applications on the data that improve visibility of the oil spill-affected zones, vectorization was conducted for integration into geographic information systems (GIS). A temporal analysis indicated high variability across the spill sizes with an extreme peak on May 16 (79.686 km[2]) and July 3 (41.593 km[2]), which are likely dictated by the weather and oceanographic conditions plus the ship traffic of that time. Wind pattern analysis via ERA5 reanalysis data presented more insight into spill dispersion dynamics. Three machine learning classifiers were applied toward oil spill detection, namely Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Performance metrics indicate the ANN outperformed in discriminative ability (AUC = 0.92), while RF was highly accurate (99.01%) and precise (99.02%). This clearly demonstrates the viability of using an integrated approach of remote sensing, advanced image processing, and supervised learning for environmental monitoring and provides important information for minimizing ecological impacts and optimizing disaster response plans for maritime areas. Such an integrated scheme calls for advanced technology to combat ecological threats in maritime areas and provides crucial evidence toward ongoing interventions to protect and manage marine ecosystems and the associated local communities.},
}

*Petroleum Pollution/analysis/statistics & numerical data
*Environmental Monitoring/methods
*Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Machine Learning
Indonesia
Geographic Information Systems
Neural Networks, Computer

@article {pmid40561147,
year = {2025},
author = {Impalli, I and Bergland, E and Saad-Roy, CM and Grenfell, BT and Levin, SA and Larsson, DGJ and Laxminarayan, R},
title = {Optimal sampling frequency and site selection for wastewater and environmental surveillance of infectious pathogens: A value of information assessment.},
journal = {PLoS computational biology},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e1013190},
pmid = {40561147},
issn = {1553-7358},
mesh = {Humans ; *Wastewater/microbiology ; *Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Animals ; Computational Biology ; *Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Computer Simulation ; Disease Outbreaks ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; },
abstract = {Wastewater and environmental surveillance (WES) is a promising method of detecting infectious diseases in human and animal populations and offers significant advantages over traditional surveillance methods in the early detection of outbreaks. However, WES involves financial and human resources, and public policy decisions must determine whether the benefits of WES outweigh the costs, particularly in low-resource areas. The selection of surveillance sites, sampling frequency, and test sensitivity and specificity are crucial determinants of WES effectiveness and cost-efficiency. We created an analytical model and numerical simulations of disease arrival, spread, and WES strategies to determine the optimal sampling frequency for two interacting patches, each represented by a different sampling site. We show that it is optimal to test in one patch more frequently than it is to test in both patches less frequently if the patches are sufficiently interactive, surveillance is of sufficient sensitivity and specificity, and setup costs are substantial. In our value of information (VOI) assessment, the net value of surveillance information for both patches is non-monotonic with respect to the degree of patch interaction. Increased mixing between the patches allows for quicker surveillance detection but is worse for overall infection burden. Overall, optimizing the value of surveillance information for all patches being surveilled requires coordination and deliberate selection of surveillance sites and sampling frequencies. This paper provides a VOI assessment of WES to determine the optimal number of sites and sampling frequency at a high level of abstraction, leaving opportunity to adapt the model to specific pathogens and populations as needed. Our findings can inform the cost-efficient implementation of WES for infectious diseases, particularly in resource-constrained settings.},
}

Humans
*Wastewater/microbiology
*Environmental Monitoring/methods
Animals
Computational Biology
*Communicable Diseases/epidemiology
Computer Simulation
Disease Outbreaks
Sensitivity and Specificity

@article {pmid40561027,
year = {2025},
author = {Otte, A and Wohlrab, S and Moritz, F and Müller, C and Janouškovec, J and Michálek, J and Cembella, A and Voss, D and Wang, X and Tebben, J and Larsen, TO and Edvardsen, B and Schmitt-Kopplin, P and John, U},
title = {High-resolution multiomics links nutrients and mixotrophy to toxicity in a harmful bloom of the haptophyte Chrysochromulina leadbeateri.},
journal = {Science advances},
volume = {11},
number = {26},
pages = {eadv3390},
pmid = {40561027},
issn = {2375-2548},
mesh = {*Harmful Algal Bloom ; *Haptophyta/metabolism/genetics/growth & development ; *Nutrients/metabolism ; Polyketide Synthases/metabolism/genetics ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Harmful algal blooms (HABs) of the toxigenic haptophyte Chrysochromulina are known to cause fish mortalities and collateral ecosystem damage. The ichthyotoxic mechanisms are poorly understood but likely dependent on toxigenesis by polyketide synthases (PKSs). We hypothesize that induction of PKS activity facilitates mixotrophic behavior during nutrient-depleted bloom conditions. To identify potential in situ stimuli for growth, toxigenicity, and bloom persistence, we compared environmental factors and biological processes identified by metaomics to Chrysochromulina leadbeateri HABs between two fjords in northern Norway. We identified the polyketide ichthyotoxin leadbeaterin-1 from the C. leadbeateri bloom and found potentially associated candidate PKS genes of which most were higher expressed at bloom stations. A relative depletion of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate during the bloom was correlated with higher expression of genes involved in endocytosis, autophagy, and lysosomal activity. Mixotrophy is evidently a compensatory nutritional strategy coupled to induction of toxigenesis and other metabolomic processes as biotic factors linked to Chrysochromulina bloom dynamics.},
}

*Harmful Algal Bloom
*Haptophyta/metabolism/genetics/growth & development
*Nutrients/metabolism
Polyketide Synthases/metabolism/genetics
Multiomics

@article {pmid40299786,
year = {2025},
author = {Xiao, Y and Elmasry, M and Bai, JDK and Chen, A and Chen, Y and Jackson, B and Johnson, JO and Prasanna, P and Chen, C and Damaghi, M},
title = {Eco-Evolutionary Guided Pathomic Analysis Detects Biomarkers to Predict Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Upstaging.},
journal = {Cancer research},
volume = {85},
number = {13},
pages = {2537-2547},
doi = {10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-24-2070},
pmid = {40299786},
issn = {1538-7445},
support = {U01CA261841//National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01CA272601//National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01CA249016//National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01CA297843//National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R21CA258493-02S1//National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ ; R01GM148970//National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; *Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism/diagnosis/genetics ; *Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism/analysis ; *Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology/metabolism/diagnosis/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Disease Progression ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; },
abstract = {UNLABELLED: Cancers evolve in a dynamic ecosystem. Thus, characterizing the ecological dynamics of cancer is crucial to understanding cancer evolution, which can lead to the discovery of biomarkers to predict disease progression. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is an early-stage breast cancer characterized by abnormal epithelial cell growth confined within the milk ducts, and biomarkers are needed to predict which cases will progress to aggressive disease. In this study, we showed that ecological analysis of hypoxia and acidosis biomarkers can significantly improve prediction of DCIS upstaging. Quantitative analyses were performed on immunohistologic images from a retrospective cohort of DCIS specimens collected from biopsy samples. First, an eco-evolutionary designed approach was developed to define habitats in the tumor intraductal microenvironment based on oxygen diffusion distance. Then, cancer cells with metabolic phenotypes attributed to their habitats were identified, including a hypoxia-responding CA9+ phenotype and an acid-adapted LAMP2b+ phenotype. Whereas these markers have traditionally shown limited, if any, predictive capabilities for DCIS progression when analyzed from an ecological perspective, their power to differentiate between non-upstaged and upstaged DCIS increased significantly. Additionally, the distribution of distinct niches with specific spatial patterns of these biomarkers predicted patient upstaging. The niches were characterized by pattern analysis of both cellular and spatial features. A random forest classifier that was trained and underwent a five-fold validation on the biopsy cohort achieved an AUC of 0.74 for predicting clinical outcome. These results affirm the importance of tumor ecological features in eco-evolutionary-designed approaches for biomarker discovery.

SIGNIFICANCE: Evolutionary dynamics of the various niches composing the tumor ecosystem can be harnessed for predicting cancer progression, demonstrating how eco-evolutionary-designed approaches can guide biomarkers discovery studies in the era of digital pathology. This article is part of a special series: Driving Cancer Discoveries with Computational Research, Data Science, and Machine Learning/AI.},
}

Humans
Female
*Breast Neoplasms/pathology/metabolism/diagnosis/genetics
*Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism/analysis
*Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology/metabolism/diagnosis/genetics
Tumor Microenvironment
Retrospective Studies
Neoplasm Staging
Disease Progression
Middle Aged
Prognosis

@article {pmid39810621,
year = {2025},
author = {Gottlieb, E and Gupta, S and Gahan, L and Raymann, RJ and Watson, NF},
title = {Social jetlag decreases across the lifespan: A prospective big data analysis of objective sleep metrics.},
journal = {Journal of sleep research},
volume = {34},
number = {4},
pages = {e14433},
doi = {10.1111/jsr.14433},
pmid = {39810621},
issn = {1365-2869},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Jet Lag Syndrome/physiopathology ; Adult ; *Sleep/physiology ; Prospective Studies ; Big Data ; Polysomnography ; Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Self Report ; Retirement ; Caffeine ; Age Factors ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; },
abstract = {Changes in social zeitgebers across the lifespan affect the interaction between biological and social clocks, potentially contributing to social jetlag. Extant literature suggests a reduction in social jetlag given declining social obligations occurring after retirement, but is limited to self-reported methods and cross-sectional designs. Leveraging longitudinal and ecologically valid data from consumer sleep technology, we analysed objective sleep data from 2439 users of the polysomnography-validated SleepScore mobile application, encompassing 500,415 total nights recorded. We examined the relationship between age as a continuous variable, age as a proxy for retirement status, and social jetlag. Additional linear models were employed to assess the effect of self-reported chronotype, average reported daily caffeine, alcohol and stress on social jetlag. There was a significant negative association between overall age and social jetlag (β = -0.64, t = -9.90, p < 0.001, effect size = 0.040), such that every 1-year increase in age corresponded with a 0.64-min reduction in social jetlag. The inclusion of self-reported chronotype, stress, caffeine and alcohol increased the explanatory power of our models slightly, but the effect of age remained consistent (β = -0.642, t = -8.91, p < 0.001, effect size = 0.046). Retirement-aged individuals exhibited nearly 50% less reduction in social jetlag than pre-retirement (30.6 ± 48.2 min versus post-retirement: 15.8 ± 41.6 min, p < 0.0001). While social jetlag after retirement was most pronounced for strong evening chronotypes (β = -0.41, t = -2.876, p = 0.004, effect size = -0.4276), pairwise comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences in the slopes between chronotypes (p > 0.05). Thus, social jetlag decreases across the lifespan, and its reduction appears to be amplified post-retirement even after accounting for behavioural factors.},
}

Humans
Female
Male
Middle Aged
*Jet Lag Syndrome/physiopathology
Adult
*Sleep/physiology
Prospective Studies
Big Data
Polysomnography
Aged
Longitudinal Studies
Self Report
Retirement
Caffeine
Age Factors
Circadian Rhythm/physiology
Cross-Sectional Studies

@article {pmid40559311,
year = {2025},
author = {Liang, X and Yu, S and Meng, B and Ju, Y and Wang, S and Wang, Y},
title = {Machine-Learning-Guided Design of Nanostructured Metal Oxide Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: From Material Discovery to Performance Optimization.},
journal = {Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {15},
number = {12},
pages = {},
pmid = {40559311},
issn = {2079-4991},
support = {LH2022B019//Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
abstract = {The rational design of photoanode materials is pivotal for advancing photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting toward sustainable hydrogen production. This review highlights recent progress in the machine learning (ML)-assisted development of nanostructured metal oxide photoanodes, focusing on bridging materials discovery and device-level performance optimization. We first delineate the fundamental physicochemical criteria for efficient photoanodes, including suitable band alignment, visible-light absorption, charge carrier mobility, and electrochemical stability. Conventional strategies such as nanostructuring, elemental doping, and surface/interface engineering are critically evaluated. We then discuss the integration of ML techniques-ranging from high-throughput density functional theory (DFT)-based screening to experimental data-driven modeling-for accelerating the identification of promising oxides (e.g., BiVO4, Fe2O3, WO3) and optimizing key parameters such as dopant selection, morphology, and catalyst interfaces. Particular attention is given to surrogate modeling, Bayesian optimization, convolutional neural networks, and explainable AI approaches that enable closed-loop synthesis-experiment-ML frameworks. ML-assisted performance prediction and tandem device design are also addressed. Finally, current challenges in data standardization, model generalizability, and experimental validation are outlined, and future perspectives are proposed for integrating ML with automated platforms and physics-informed modeling to facilitate scalable PEC material development for clean energy applications.},
}

@article {pmid40558602,
year = {2025},
author = {Mpuhua, CAM and Souza, OF and Daboin, BEG and Bezerra, IMP and Na Blei, M and Sarti, TD and Silva, VEBD and Abreu, LC},
title = {Proportional Stroke Mortality in Espírito Santo, Brazil: A 20-Year Joinpoint Regression Study.},
journal = {Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {},
pmid = {40558602},
issn = {2673-3986},
support = {001/2025//Fapes. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Espírito Santo, Brazil./ ; },
abstract = {Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. In Brazil, it remains the primary cause of mortality among adults. Although overall stroke mortality rates have declined, the absolute number of stroke incidents, deaths, and years of life loss continues to rise, particularly in developing and underdeveloped countries. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze trends in stroke mortality across different age groups and both sexes in Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Methods: This ecological time series study utilized secondary data from Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Mortality data, categorized by sex and age group, were obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) database. Stroke-related mortality included deaths recorded under the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes for subarachnoid hemorrhage (I60), intracerebral hemorrhage (I61), cerebral infarction (I63), and stroke not specified as hemorrhagic or ischemic (I64). Temporal trends in stroke mortality were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis. Results: From 2000 to 2021, there was a significant reduction in proportional mortality from stroke, with an overall decrease of -3.7% (p < 0.001). When analyzed by sex, the decline was -3.0% (p < 0.001) for males and -3.9% (p < 0.001) for females. The most significant decrease in proportional mortality was observed in the 50 to 59 age group, with an average annual percentage change of -4.9% (p < 0.001). The 30 to 39 age group exhibited the smallest decline, with an average annual percentage change of -2.4% (p < 0.001). No significant segments were observed in the 40 to 49, 60 to 69, and 70 to 79 age groups during the study period. Conclusions: This study identified a notable decline in stroke-related proportional mortality in the adult population of Espírito Santo between 2000 and 2021. While males had a higher absolute number of deaths, females exhibited a higher proportional mortality rate, underscoring the need for targeted preventive measures and effective acute stroke treatment, particularly among men.},
}

@article {pmid40556364,
year = {2025},
author = {Peat, GM and Hill, JC and Yu, D and Wathall, S and Parry, E and Bailey, J and Stevenson, K and Thompson, C and Wilkie, R and Dziedzic, K and Jordan, KP and , },
title = {Local variation in musculoskeletal pain consultation rates in primary care: findings from an ecologic study in Staffordshire.},
journal = {Primary health care research & development},
volume = {26},
number = {},
pages = {e52},
pmid = {40556364},
issn = {1477-1128},
mesh = {Humans ; *Musculoskeletal Pain/epidemiology/therapy ; Male ; Female ; *Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; England/epidemiology ; *Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data ; Aged ; Prevalence ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; },
abstract = {Variation between general practices in the rate of consultations for musculoskeletal pain conditions may signal important differences in access to primary care, perceived usefulness, or available alternative sources of care; however, it might also just reflect differences in underlying 'need' between practices' registered populations. In a study of 30 general practices in Staffordshire, we calculated the proportion of adults consulting for a musculoskeletal pain condition, then examined this in relation to selected practice and population characteristics, including the estimated prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal problems and chronic pain in each practices' registered population. Between September 2021 and July 2022, 18,388 adults were consulted for a musculoskeletal pain condition. After controlling for length of recruitment, time of year, and age-sex structure, the proportion consulting varied up to two-fold between practices but was not strongly associated with the prevalence of self-reported long-term musculoskeletal problems, chronic pain, and high-impact chronic pain.},
}

Humans
*Musculoskeletal Pain/epidemiology/therapy
Male
Female
*Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data
Middle Aged
Adult
England/epidemiology
*Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data
Aged
Prevalence
Chronic Pain/epidemiology
Self Report
Young Adult
Adolescent

@article {pmid40413976,
year = {2025},
author = {Bai, Z and Zhang, D and Zhang, S and Li, T and Wang, G and Xu, X and Pan, X and Zhong, Q and Zhou, W and Pu, Y and Jia, Y},
title = {Integrating multi-omics and biomarkers to reveal the stress mechanisms of high fluoride on earthworms.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {494},
number = {},
pages = {138706},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138706},
pmid = {40413976},
issn = {1873-3336},
mesh = {Animals ; *Oligochaeta/drug effects/metabolism/genetics ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; *Soil Pollutants/toxicity ; *Fluorides/toxicity ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Excessive fluorine accumulation poses a significant threat to soil ecology and even human health, yet its impact on soil fauna, especially earthworms, remains poorly understood. This study employed multi-omics and biomarkers to investigate high fluorine-induced biochemical changes that cause tissue damages in Eisenia fetida. The results demonstrated that earthworms exhibited obvious damage with fluorine addition exceeding 200 mg kg[-1], with stress levels escalating as fluorine contents increased. Further analysis of the underlying mechanisms revealed that fluorine could upregulate genes encoding mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I-III and downregulate those for IV-V, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation despite antioxidant system activation. The resulting ROS interfered with deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate synthesis, prompting homologous recombination as the main DNA repair mechanism. Additionally, fluorine-induced ROS also attacked and disrupted protein and lipid related metabolisms ultimately causing oxidative damages. These cumulative oxidative damages from high fluorine contents subsequently triggered autophagy or apoptosis, resulting in tissue ulceration and epithelial exfoliation. Therefore, high fluorine could threaten earthworms by inducing ROS accumulation and subsequent biomolecule damages.},
}

Animals
*Oligochaeta/drug effects/metabolism/genetics
Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
Biomarkers/metabolism
Oxidative Stress/drug effects
*Soil Pollutants/toxicity
*Fluorides/toxicity
Apoptosis/drug effects
Multiomics

@article {pmid40398052,
year = {2025},
author = {Guo, Z and Li, J and Hu, J and An, G and Wang, C},
title = {Deciphering the joint intracellular and extracellular regulatory strategies of toxigenic Microcystis to achieve intraspecific competitive advantage: An integrated multi-omics analysis with novel allelochemicals identified.},
journal = {Water research},
volume = {283},
number = {},
pages = {123774},
doi = {10.1016/j.watres.2025.123774},
pmid = {40398052},
issn = {1879-2448},
mesh = {*Microcystis/metabolism ; *Pheromones ; Microcystins ; Proteomics ; Metabolomics ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Global increase in Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms (MCBs) severely threatens ecological and human health. Intraspecific interaction between microcystin (MC)-producing (MC[+]) Microcystis and co-existing MC-free (MC[-]) Microcystis influences the relative abundance of MC[+]Microcystis, ultimately determining the toxicity and hazard of MCBs. However, specific allelochemicals driving this interaction and underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study confirmed that intraspecific interaction promoted the competitive advantage of MC[+]Microcystis over MC[-]Microcystis and unveiled the joint intracellular and extracellular regulatory strategies of MC[+]Microcystis based on proteomics-metabolomics analyses and biochemical validation. Intracellularly, MC[+]Microcystis enhanced pentose phosphate pathway and lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis to maintain cellular functions and membrane stability, but inhibited glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and protein biosynthesis to optimize energy utilization for growth and proliferation. Extracellularly, MC[+]Microcystis released allelochemicals, including cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol and N-acyl-homoserine lactones, to inhibit MC[-]Microcystis growth by 13.53% and 16.39%, respectively, thereby achieving its competitive advantage. In contrast, MC[-]Microcystis exhibited the suppressed photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, imbalanced anti-inflammatory responses, nucleic acid degradation, and membrane damage, resulting in its competitive disadvantage in co-culture. These findings provide new insights into the competitive dynamics between MC[+] and MC[-]Microcystis, and their involved implications for aquatic ecosystem health.},
}

*Microcystis/metabolism
*Pheromones
Microcystins
Proteomics
Metabolomics
Multiomics

@article {pmid40393297,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, H and Zhou, J and Zhou, J},
title = {Integrated multi-omics and DNA stable-isotope probing approaches to reveal soil-ryegrass response to ionic rare earth mineral ammonium-lead contamination.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {494},
number = {},
pages = {138658},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138658},
pmid = {40393297},
issn = {1873-3336},
mesh = {*Lolium/drug effects/metabolism/growth & development/genetics ; *Soil Pollutants/toxicity ; *Lead/toxicity ; Plant Roots/drug effects/metabolism/growth & development ; Soil/chemistry ; *Ammonium Compounds/toxicity ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {The extensive use of ammonium (NH4[+]) sulfate in ionic rare earth mining has resulted in soil contamination with NH4[+] and lead (Pb), posing significant challenges for ecological restoration. Here, multi-omics and DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) approaches were utilized to investigate soil nitrogen cycling and the molecular response of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to NH4[+] (180-720 mg kg[-1])-Pb[2+] (207-828 mg kg[-1]) co-contamination. A synergistic interaction between NH4[+] and Pb[2+] was observed, significantly inhibited ryegrass growth, and induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial swelling. The EC50 toxicity thresholds were 383 mg kg[-1] for NH4[+] and 512 mg kg[-1] for Pb. The Integrated Biomarker Response (IBRv2) model elucidated the synergistic toxic effects. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that ryegrass roots enhanced carbon metabolism and antioxidant response pathways related to stress tolerance. Galactose metabolism and lysine degradation were identified as key pathways associated with stress response. Co-contamination with NH4[+] and Pb[2+] reduced ryegrass root [15]N-total nitrogen (TN) by 30 % while increasing soil [15]N-NH4[+] residue by 95 % and decreasing [15]N-microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) by 59 %, compared to NH4[+] single contamination. DNA-SIP analysis revealed that ryegrass cultivation under NH4[+]- Pb[2+] co-contamination increased the abundance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Dyella), acid-tolerant nitrogen (Acidibacter), and sulfur-cycling taxa (Desulfosporosinus). The presence of raffinose and chlorogenic acid in ryegrass root metabolites was associated with shifts in the structure and composition of using NH4[+] active microbial taxa. These findings provide valuable insights into plant-soil-microbe interactions under multi-pollutant stress and offer practical strategies for phytoremediation and ecological restoration in areas affected by mining.},
}

*Lolium/drug effects/metabolism/growth & development/genetics
*Soil Pollutants/toxicity
*Lead/toxicity
Plant Roots/drug effects/metabolism/growth & development
Soil/chemistry
*Ammonium Compounds/toxicity
Oxidative Stress/drug effects
Nitrogen/metabolism
Nitrogen Isotopes
Multiomics

@article {pmid40327938,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, H and Xie, G and Zhang, Z and Han, J and Zhang, Y and Xu, T and Yin, D},
title = {PFHxA and PFHxS promote breast cancer progression in 3D culture: MEX3C-associated immune infiltration revealed by bioinformatics and machine learning.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {494},
number = {},
pages = {138458},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138458},
pmid = {40327938},
issn = {1873-3336},
mesh = {Humans ; Machine Learning ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; *Fluorocarbons/toxicity ; Computational Biology ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; *RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects ; *Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/immunology/pathology/genetics ; *Sulfonic Acids/toxicity ; Disease Progression ; },
abstract = {Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants with widespread use and bioaccumulative potential. Short-chain PFAS such as perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) have been introduced as safer alternatives to long-chain PFAS, yet their toxicological impacts remain poorly defined. In this study, we employed a 3D Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel model to mimic the tumor microenvironment and investigated the effects of PFHxA and PFHxS on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression. At environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1-10 μM), both compounds significantly enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Transcriptomic and machine learning analyses identified MEX3C as a key gene upregulated by PFAS exposure. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, which was further supported by siRNA-mediated knockdown of MEX3C, leading to a marked reduction in the expression levels of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, and mTOR proteins. Furthermore, immune cell co-culture experiments showed that MDA-MB-231 cells with high MEX3C expression promoted M2 macrophage polarization, suppressed M1 polarization, and enhanced macrophage chemotactic activity, the immunomodulatory effects were significantly attenuated upon MEX3C knockdown. These findings establish MEX3C as a central mediator of PFAS-induced tumor progression and immune remodeling. This study provides mechanistic insight into the carcinogenic potential of emerging short-chain PFAS and underscores the need for stricter regulation to safeguard public health.},
}

Humans
Machine Learning
Cell Line, Tumor
Female
*Fluorocarbons/toxicity
Computational Biology
Cell Movement/drug effects
Cell Proliferation/drug effects
*RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism
Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
*Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/immunology/pathology/genetics
*Sulfonic Acids/toxicity
Disease Progression

@article {pmid40554807,
year = {2025},
author = {Poulin-Laprade, D and Broadbent, J and Biot-Pelletier, D and Kraemer, S and Griffiths, EJ and Kumar, A and Li, XZ and Carrillo, CD and Zaheer, R and McAllister, TA and Kullik, S and Liebana, E and Ricker, N and Langlois, A and Reid-Smith, R and Faucher, SP and Flores-Vargas, G and Bédard, É and Summers, JK and Jarocki, V and Thongthum, T and Carson, CA},
title = {Requirements and Considerations for Effective Implementation of Integrated One Health Antimicrobial Resistance Research.},
journal = {Canadian journal of microbiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1139/cjm-2024-0194},
pmid = {40554807},
issn = {1480-3275},
abstract = {The One Health (OH) approach recognizes the interconnectedness of the health of people, animals, plants/crops and ecosystems, and is central to addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The 7th Environmental Dimension of Antimicrobial Resistance Conference (EDAR7), held in Montreal in May 2024, exemplified this approach by convening international experts and stakeholders to discuss AMR research and policy progress. EDAR7 workshop #8 focused on 1) barriers to establishing effective OH AMR research programs, 2) gaps in OH AMR research priorities, and 3) potential solutions/approaches or 'tools' to ensure programs develop in accordance with OH principles and generate insightful data that maximizes limited resources. Key workshop outcomes included identifying critical principles for OH AMR research programs and highlighting the pivotal role of sustainable data management strategies. Additionally, the importance of considering AMR policy and risk assessment needs when planning and designing research was emphasized. Discussions explored specific tools and approaches that support the standardized and harmonized collection and analysis of data, and associated challenges of integrating genomics data into current risk assessments and models. Synthesis of the workshop's discussions outlined critical considerations that interdisciplinary OH AMR research programs and networks should prioritize to enhance the impact of their outputs.},
}

@article {pmid40552042,
year = {2025},
author = {Mu, YQ and Song, JB and Zhao, M and Ren, P and Liu, HY and Huang, X},
title = {Integrative omics analysis of plant-microbe synergies in petroleum pollution remediation.},
journal = {PeerJ},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {e19396},
pmid = {40552042},
issn = {2167-8359},
mesh = {Biodegradation, Environmental ; *Medicago sativa/microbiology/metabolism/genetics ; Metabolomics ; *Petroleum Pollution ; *Petroleum/metabolism ; *Soil Pollutants/metabolism ; Rhizosphere ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Soil Microbiology ; Hydrocarbons/metabolism ; Plant Roots/microbiology/metabolism ; Transcriptome ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {As the petrochemical industry continues to advance, the exacerbation of ecological imbalance and environmental degradation due to petroleum pollution is increasingly pronounced. The synergistic interaction between plants and microorganisms are pivotal in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons; however, the underlying degradation mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aims to contribute to understanding these mechanisms by employing a multi-omics approach, integrating transcriptomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metabolomics, to analyze key differential genes, dominant microbial strains, and root-secreted metabolites involved in petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in alfalfa. Our findings revealed that several stress-related genes are upregulated in alfalfa contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon. Moreover, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Brevundimonas were identified as dominant species in the rhizosphere microbiome. Metabolomics analysis identified pantothenic acid, malic acid, and ascorbic acid as critical metabolites that enhance hydrocarbon degradation. Application of pantothenic acid in oil-contaminated soil increased the degradation rate by approximately 10% compared to other treatments. These results highlight the potential of alfalfa-based phytoremediation strategies and offer a novel perspective for improving the efficiency of soil decontamination. Further research is needed to validate the scalability of these strategies for practical applications.},
}

Biodegradation, Environmental
*Medicago sativa/microbiology/metabolism/genetics
Metabolomics
*Petroleum Pollution
*Petroleum/metabolism
*Soil Pollutants/metabolism
Rhizosphere
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
Soil Microbiology
Hydrocarbons/metabolism
Plant Roots/microbiology/metabolism
Transcriptome
Multiomics

@article {pmid40550119,
year = {2025},
author = {Kang, B and Park, MK and Kim, JI and Yoon, S and Heo, SJ and Kang, C and Lee, S and Choi, Y and Hong, D},
title = {Exploring Factors Related to Social Isolation Among Older Adults in the Predementia Stage Using Ecological Momentary Assessments and Actigraphy: Machine Learning Approach.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {27},
number = {},
pages = {e69379},
doi = {10.2196/69379},
pmid = {40550119},
issn = {1438-8871},
mesh = {Humans ; *Machine Learning ; Aged ; *Social Isolation ; Female ; Male ; *Actigraphy ; Loneliness ; *Ecological Momentary Assessment ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Dementia ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As the global population ages, the economic burden of dementia continues to rise. Social isolation-which includes limited social interaction and feelings of loneliness-negatively affects cognitive function and is a significant risk factor for dementia. Individuals with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment represent predementia stages in which functional decline may still be reversible. Therefore, identifying factors related to social isolation in these at-risk groups is crucial, as early detection and intervention can help mitigate the risk of further cognitive decline.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate machine learning models to identify and explore factors related to social interaction frequency and loneliness levels among older adults in the predementia stage.

METHODS: The study included 99 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above in the predementia stage. Social interaction frequency and loneliness levels were assessed 4 times daily using mobile ecological momentary assessment over a 2-week period. Actigraphy data were categorized into 4 domains: sleep quantity, sleep quality, physical movement, and sedentary behavior. Demographic and health-related survey data collected at baseline were also included in the analysis. Machine learning models, including logistic regression, random forest, Gradient Boosting Machine, and Extreme Gradient Boosting, were used to explore factors associated with low social interaction frequency and high levels of loneliness.

RESULTS: Of the 99 participants, 43 were classified into the low social interaction frequency group, and 37 were classified into the high loneliness level group. The random forest model was the most suitable for exploring factors associated with low social interaction frequency (accuracy 0.849; precision 0.837; specificity 0.857; and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.935). The Gradient Boosting Machine model performed best for identifying factors related to high loneliness levels (accuracy 0.838; precision 0.871; specificity 0.784; and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.887).

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the potential of machine learning-based exploratory models, using data collected from mobile ecological momentary assessment and wearable actigraphy, to detect vulnerable groups in terms of social interaction frequency and loneliness levels among older adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. Our findings highlight physical movement as a key factor associated with low social interaction frequency, and sleep quality as a key factor related to loneliness. These results suggest that social interaction frequency and loneliness may operate through distinct mechanisms. Ultimately, this approach may contribute to preventing cognitive and physical decline in older adults at high risk of dementia.

RR2-10.1177/20552076241269555.},
}

Humans
*Machine Learning
Aged
*Social Isolation
Female
Male
*Actigraphy
Loneliness
*Ecological Momentary Assessment
Aged, 80 and over
*Dementia
Cognitive Dysfunction

@article {pmid40548332,
year = {2025},
author = {Pita, L and Maldonado, M and Koutsouveli, V and Riesgo, A and Hentschel, U and Oatley, G and Sinclair, E and Aunin, E and Gettle, N and Santos, C and Paulini, M and Niu, H and McKenna, V and O'Brien, R and , and , and , and , and , },
title = {The chromosomal genome sequence of the kidney sponge, Chondrosia reniformis Nardo, 1847, and its associated microbial metagenome sequences.},
journal = {Wellcome open research},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {283},
pmid = {40548332},
issn = {2398-502X},
abstract = {We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Chondrosia reniformis (kidney sponge; Porifera; Demospongiae; Chondrillida; Chondrillidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 117.37 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.98%) is scaffolded into 14 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.45 kilobases in length. Several symbiotic bacterial genomes were assembled as MAGs. Gene annotation of the host organism assembly on Ensembl identified 17,340 protein-coding genes. The metagenome of the specimen was also assembled and 53 binned bacterial genomes were identified, including 40 high-quality MAGs that were representative of a typical high microbial abundance sponge and included three candiate phyla (Poribacteria, Latescibacteria, Binatota).},
}

@article {pmid40544059,
year = {2025},
author = {Moloney, ME and Moga, DC and Grandner, M and Schoenberg, N},
title = {"No rest for me tonight": A social-ecological exploration of insomnia in rural Appalachian women.},
journal = {Sleep health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.sleh.2025.04.009},
pmid = {40544059},
issn = {2352-7226},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Insomnia disproportionally affects women and is prevalent among rural Appalachian adults at higher rates than in the general US population. Given the strong, bi-directional relationship between sleep and health, a better understanding of insomnia in this health-disparate population is critical. The present study focused on the sex (females), gender (women), and age group (45+) at highest insomnia risk and explores the social determinants of sleep that contributed to insomnia.

METHODS: Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted to understand factors associated with insomnia among rural Appalachian women who self-reported insomnia symptoms ≥3 nights per week for ≥3months. Interviews were recorded with permission and transcribed. We used a multistage, inductive and deductive coding process aided by NVIVO 12.0 software.

RESULTS: Participants were 46 cisgender women in rural Appalachia who met the criteria for insomnia. The social-ecological model was our interpretative framework. Findings illuminate individual (e.g., rumination, menopause, pain, depression), social (e.g., family roles, grief, caregiving, financial concerns), and societal (e.g., gender norms, technology use) factors that likely contribute to insomnia among middle-aged rural Appalachian women.

CONCLUSIONS: Across levels of the social-ecological model, factors of female sex (e.g., menopause) and gendered behaviors, roles, and norms (e.g., caregiving close and extended kin) played a central role in the precipitation and perpetuation of insomnia in this population. Attending to the regional cultural norms of heightened self-sufficiency, domestic work, and inter-generational familial care may aid healthcare providers and policy makers aiming to address insomnia among rural Appalachian women as well as other rural populations.},
}

@article {pmid40541223,
year = {2025},
author = {Kamgno, J and Adeleke, M and Basáñez, MG and Coulibaly, Y and de Souza, DK and Debrah, LB and Debrah, AY and Diggle, PJ and Nana-Djeunga, HC and Domché, A and Gass, K and Hoerauf, A and Hopkins, A and Klion, A and Mackenzie, CD and Mwingira, U and Njenga, SM and Nutman, TB and Nwane, P and Stolk, WA and Unnasch, TR and Kelly-Hope, LA},
title = {Vector-borne helminthiases: a road map for current and future research to support control and elimination in sub-Saharan Africa.},
journal = {The Lancet. Infectious diseases},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00084-2},
pmid = {40541223},
issn = {1474-4457},
}

@article {pmid40537580,
year = {2025},
author = {Sahana, S and Sarkar, J and Mandal, S and Chatterjee, I and Dhar, S and Datta, S and Mondal, S},
title = {Multi-omics approaches: transforming the landscape of natural product isolation.},
journal = {Functional & integrative genomics},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {132},
pmid = {40537580},
issn = {1438-7948},
mesh = {*Biological Products/isolation & purification/metabolism ; *Proteomics/methods ; *Genomics/methods ; *Metabolomics/methods ; Transcriptome ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Humans ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {The field of natural product (NPs) discovery has significantly evolved with the advent of multi-omics approaches, encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This review highlighting targeted isolation strategies and the comprehensive applications of omics in investigating natural products. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have emerged as powerful tools that revolutionize the traditional methods of natural product discovery. This review delves into the integration of multi-omics technology in the isolation and discovery of natural product. Omics applications in natural product investigation have revolutionized the field by enabling high-throughput screening, rapid identification of novel compounds, and understanding the complex interactions within biological systems. For instance, metabolomics gives insights into the metabolic profiles of organisms under different conditions, aiding in the discovery of unique NPs with potential therapeutic applications. Genomics has facilitated the mining of microbial genomes for biosynthetic gene clusters, leading to the discovery of new antibiotics and carcinopreventive agents. Transcriptomics and proteomics provide insights into gene expression and protein synthesis, revealing the dynamics of NPs biosynthesis under various conditions. Despite these limitations, the future prospects of multi-omics in natural product discovery are promising. Advances in omics technologies, coupled with machine learning and artificial intelligence, are expected to enhance data integration and predictive modeling, accelerating the discovery and development of innovative drugs. Furthermore, the continuous improvement in analytical techniques and the establishment of comprehensive databases will facilitate the identification and characterization of NPs, ultimately contributing to the development of new therapeutic agents. Collaborative efforts across disciplines and the integration of environmental and ecological data will further enhance our understanding of NP biosynthesis and lead to more effective and sustainable drug discovery strategies.},
}

*Biological Products/isolation & purification/metabolism
*Proteomics/methods
*Genomics/methods
*Metabolomics/methods
Transcriptome
Drug Discovery/methods
Humans
Multiomics

@article {pmid40536912,
year = {2025},
author = {Vilela-Estrada, AL and Villarreal-Zegarra, D and Mayo-Puchoc, N and Holt, N and Flórez-Varela, Á and Fung, C and Ariza-Salazar, K and Carbonetti, FL and Flores, S and Carbonel, A and Olivar, N and Gomez-Restrepo, C and Brusco, LI and Priebe, S and Diez-Canseco, F},
title = {Fluctuations in Daily Happiness and Nervousness Based on Depressive and Anxious Symptoms in Adolescents or Young Adults Across 3 Latin American Cities: Experience Sampling Study.},
journal = {JMIR formative research},
volume = {9},
number = {},
pages = {e65732},
pmid = {40536912},
issn = {2561-326X},
mesh = {Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Female ; *Happiness ; Young Adult ; *Anxiety/psychology/epidemiology ; *Depression/psychology/epidemiology ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Argentina ; Cities ; Ecological Momentary Assessment ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Experience sampling methods (ESMs) have been used in clinical research to collect data on emotional and behavioral states in real-life contexts among different populations. Although the use of ESMs in mental health has increased, it has not been applied to larger samples of young people in disadvantaged urban settings.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the extent to which mood status scores (happiness and nervousness) vary during a week, as a function of having or not having symptoms of depression or anxiety, in a sample of adolescents and young adults in the cities of Buenos Aires, Bogotá, and Lima. A secondary objective was to identify factors associated with mood scores, including sociodemographics, quality of life, and daily activities.

METHODS: This study was part of the Building Resilience and Resources to Reduce Mental Distress in Young People in Latin America research program, which focuses on mental health resources for young people. Participants (n=143) aged 15-24 years completed daily ESM assessments over a week using the mobile app, resulting in 5246 reports. Data were analyzed using descriptive analyses with 2-tailed t tests and chi-square tests, and multilevel linear regression was used to examine associations between depressive or anxiety symptoms, mood variability, and factors influencing mean mood. Finally, Spearman correlation assessed the relationship between happiness and nervousness.

RESULTS: The analysis revealed that depressive or anxiety symptoms were not significantly associated with increased variability in mood scores (happiness P=.40 and nervousness P=.84). However, males exhibited greater variability in happiness and nervousness scores (P<.001) than females. Additionally, young people showed higher variability in nervousness than adolescents (P=.02). Regarding average happiness scores, young adults reported higher average happiness than adolescents (β=.604; P=.003). Engaging in structured activities (eg, sports, music lessons, and dance classes) was associated with increased happiness (β=.266; P=.01). In contrast, instrumental activities (eg, cleaning, shopping, meal preparation, or taking medication; β=-.144; P=.02) and work-related tasks (β=-.205; P=.01) were linked to lower happiness and higher nervousness (β=.387; P<.001). Quality of life was positively correlated with happiness (β=.486; P<.001) and negatively correlated with nervousness (β=-.273; P=.005). Finally, as for average scores, a strong negative correlation was found between happiness and nervousness (rs=-0.92; P<.001). The simple multilevel analysis showed that for each point of happiness, nervousness decreased by 0.45 points (95% CI -0.48 to -0.42; t3=-41.7; P<.001; SE 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals that depressive and anxiety symptoms do not significantly affect the variability in predicted happiness and nervousness scores. However, we observed that demographic factors, such as gender and age, play a role in emotional variability.},
}

Humans
Male
Adolescent
Female
*Happiness
Young Adult
*Anxiety/psychology/epidemiology
*Depression/psychology/epidemiology
Quality of Life/psychology
Latin America/epidemiology
Argentina
Cities
Ecological Momentary Assessment

@article {pmid40531985,
year = {2025},
author = {Priorelli, M and Stoianov, IP and Pezzulo, G},
title = {Embodied decisions as active inference.},
journal = {PLoS computational biology},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e1013180},
pmid = {40531985},
issn = {1553-7358},
mesh = {*Decision Making/physiology ; Humans ; Computational Biology ; Choice Behavior/physiology ; },
abstract = {Decision-making is often conceptualized as a serial process, during which sensory evidence is accumulated for the choice alternatives until a certain threshold is reached, at which point a decision is made and an action is executed. This decide-then-act perspective has successfully explained various facets of perceptual and economic decisions in the laboratory, in which action dynamics are usually irrelevant to the choice. However, living organisms often face another class of decisions-called embodied decisions-that require selecting between potential courses of actions to be executed timely in a dynamic environment, e.g., for a lion, deciding which gazelle to chase and how fast to do so. Studies of embodied decisions reveal two aspects of goal-directed behavior in stark contrast to the serial view. First, that decision and action processes can unfold in parallel; second, that action-related components, such as the motor costs associated with selecting a particular choice alternative or required to "change mind" between choice alternatives, exert a feedback effect on the decision taken. Here, we show that these signatures of embodied decisions emerge naturally in active inference-a framework that simultaneously optimizes perception and action, according to the same (free energy minimization) imperative. We show that optimizing embodied choices requires a continuous feedback loop between motor planning (where beliefs about choice alternatives guide action dynamics) and motor inference (where action dynamics finesse beliefs about choice alternatives). Furthermore, our active inference simulations reveal the normative character of embodied decisions in ecological settings - namely, achieving an effective balance between a high accuracy and a low risk of missing valid opportunities.},
}

*Decision Making/physiology
Humans
Computational Biology
Choice Behavior/physiology

@article {pmid40502073,
year = {2025},
author = {Chen, H and Shu, J and Mudappathi, R and Li, E and Wang, P and Bergsagel, L and Yang, P and Sun, Z and Zhao, L and Shi, C and Townsend, JP and Maley, C and Liu, L},
title = {Competing Subclones and Fitness Diversity Shape Tumor Evolution Across Cancer Types.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40502073},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Intratumor heterogeneity arises from ongoing somatic evolution complicating cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Here we present TEATIME (estimating evolutionary events through single-timepoint sequencing), a novel computational framework that models tumors as mixtures of two competing cell populations: an ancestral clone with baseline fitness and a derived subclone with elevated fitness. Using cross-sectional bulk sequencing data, TEATIME estimates mutation rates, timing of subclone emergence, relative fitness, and number of generations of growth. To quantify intratumor fitness asymmetries, we introduce a novel metric-fitness diversity-which captures the imbalance between competing cell populations and serves as a measure of functional intratumor heterogeneity. Applying TEATIME to 33 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we revealed divergent as well as convergent evolutionary patterns. Notably, we found that immune-hot microenvironments constraint subclonal expansion and limit fitness diversity. Moreover, we detected temporal dependencies in mutation acquisition, where early driver mutations in ancestral clones epistatically shape the fitness landscape, predisposing specific subclones to selective advantages. These findings underscore the importance of intratumor competition and tumor-microenvironment interactions in shaping evolutionary trajectories, driving intratumor heterogeneity. Lastly, we demonstrate that TEATIME-derived evolutionary parameters and fitness diversity offer novel prognostic insights across multiple cancer types.},
}

@article {pmid40527897,
year = {2025},
author = {Basava, K and Alam, MNU and Roberts, L and Martinet, K and Cherry, P and García-Verdugo, H and Román-Palacios, C},
title = {Mapping nonhuman cultures with the Animal Culture Database.},
journal = {Scientific data},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {1019},
pmid = {40527897},
issn = {2052-4463},
mesh = {Animals ; *Databases, Factual ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Social Behavior ; },
abstract = {Socially transmitted behaviors are widespread across the animal kingdom, yet there is a lack of comprehensive datasets documenting their distribution and ecological significance. Knowledge of animal behavioral traditions could be essential for understanding many species' responses to anthropogenic disturbances and further enhancing conservation efforts. Here, we introduce the first open-access database that synthesizes data on animal cultural behaviors and traditions. The Animal Culture Database (ACDB) contains descriptions of 128 behaviors including forms of vocal communication, migration, predator defense, foraging practices, habitat alteration, play, mating displays, and other social behaviors for an initial sample of 61 species. In addition to offering an open-access resource for researchers, educators, and conservationists, the ACDB represents a step toward recognizing the role of social learning in animal populations.},
}

Animals
*Databases, Factual
*Behavior, Animal
*Social Behavior

@article {pmid40524951,
year = {2025},
author = {Jánošíková, R and Tulis, F and Baláž, I and Eccard, JA and Mazza, V},
title = {Range expansion during recolonization: what does animal personality have to do with it?.},
journal = {Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology},
volume = {36},
number = {4},
pages = {araf053},
pmid = {40524951},
issn = {1045-2249},
abstract = {At the edge of an ongoing expansion, pioneer individuals encounter novel ecological and evolutionary pressures that may not be experienced by conspecifics settled in long-colonized areas. Consistent behavioral differences among conspecifics (animal personality) may be important determinants of individuals' successful colonization of novel environments and range expansion. By enhancing an individual's ability to find food and shelter as well as increasing its capacity to navigate novel environments, behavioral traits such as exploration and risk-taking are thus expected to be more highly expressed in populations undergoing expansion than in established populations. We investigated among-individual variation in behaviors associated to risk-taking and exploratory tendencies in populations of small mammals during different stages of the colonization process. Using a standardized behavioral test in the field, we quantified exploration and boldness of striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius, N = 95) from six subpopulations from Germany, where they are established, and in Slovakia, where a recolonization of the area is currently in progress, and in control species bank voles (Myodes glareolus, N = 76) that shared the same habitats but were long-established at all sites. Striped field mice in the expanding populations were significantly slower in exploring the open field arena, while showing comparable levels of risk taking compared to conspecifics from established populations. No difference in behavior was detected between the populations of bank voles. Our results suggest that a slow exploration strategy might play an advantageous role in expansion processes of small mammal populations.},
}

@article {pmid40524188,
year = {2025},
author = {Perillo, VL and Nute, M and Sapoval, N and Curry, KD and Golia, L and Yin, Y and Ogilvie, HA and Nakhleh, L and Segarra, S and Bhaya, D and Cuadrado, DG and Treangen, TJ},
title = {A survey of computational approaches for characterizing microbial interactions in microbial mats.},
journal = {Genome biology},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {168},
pmid = {40524188},
issn = {1474-760X},
support = {EF-2126387//National Science Foundation/ ; BBSRC-NSF/BIO #1921429//National Science Foundation/ ; NSF#2125965//National Science Foundation/ ; PICT 2020-302//Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica/ ; Pampa Azul A8 Programa "Investigación//Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación/ ; Desarrollo e Innovación en Ciencias del Mar"//Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación/ ; Proposal 503441//Joint Genome Institute/ ; proposal: 10.46936/10.25585/60001132//Joint Genome Institute/ ; },
mesh = {*Microbial Interactions ; *Computational Biology/methods ; *Microbiota ; Ecosystem ; Bacteria/genetics/metabolism ; },
abstract = {In this review, we use microbial mat communities as a general model system to highlight the strengths and limitations of current computational methods for analyzing interactions between members of microbial ecosystems. We describe the factors that make this environment have such a high degree of interaction, and we explore different categories of both laboratory and computational tools for studying these interactions. For each tool, we describe efforts to apply them to microbial mats in the past and, in the process, argue that genome-scale metabolic models have breakthrough potential for modeling microbial interactions in microbial mats.},
}

*Microbial Interactions
*Computational Biology/methods
*Microbiota
Ecosystem
Bacteria/genetics/metabolism

@article {pmid40523168,
year = {2025},
author = {Barfuss, W and Flack, J and Gokhale, CS and Hammond, L and Hilbe, C and Hughes, E and Leibo, JZ and Lenaerts, T and Leonard, N and Levin, S and Madhushani Sehwag, U and McAvoy, A and Meylahn, JM and Santos, FP},
title = {Collective cooperative intelligence.},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {122},
number = {25},
pages = {e2319948121},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2319948121},
pmid = {40523168},
issn = {1091-6490},
abstract = {Cooperation at scale is critical for achieving a sustainable future for humanity. However, achieving collective, cooperative behavior-in which intelligent actors in complex environments jointly improve their well-being-remains poorly understood. Complex systems science (CSS) provides a rich understanding of collective phenomena, the evolution of cooperation, and the institutions that can sustain both. Yet, much of the theory in this area fails to fully consider individual-level complexity and environmental context-largely for the sake of tractability and because it has not been clear how to do so rigorously. These elements are well captured in multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL), which has recently put focus on cooperative (artificial) intelligence. However, typical MARL simulations can be computationally expensive and challenging to interpret. In this perspective, we propose that bridging CSS and MARL affords new directions forward. Both fields can complement each other in their goals, methods, and scope. MARL offers CSS concrete ways to formalize cognitive processes in dynamic environments. CSS offers MARL improved qualitative insight into emergent collective phenomena. We see this approach as providing the necessary foundations for a proper science of collective, cooperative intelligence. We highlight work that is already heading in this direction and discuss concrete steps for future research.},
}

@article {pmid40520149,
year = {2025},
author = {Maldonado, M and Pita, L and Hentschel, U and Erpenbeck, D and Oatley, G and Sinclair, E and Aunin, E and Gettle, N and Santos, C and Paulini, M and Niu, H and McKenna, V and O'Brien, R and , and , and , and , and , },
title = {The chromosomal genome sequence of the sponge Crambe crambe (Schmidt, 1862) and its associated microbial metagenome sequences.},
journal = {Wellcome open research},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {275},
pmid = {40520149},
issn = {2398-502X},
abstract = {We present a genome assembly from an individual Crambe crambe (Porifera; Demospongiae; Poecilosclerida; Crambeidae). The host genome sequence is 143.20 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 19.53 kilobases in length. Several symbiotic prokaryotic genomes were assembled as MAGs, including two relevant sponge symbionts, the Candidatus Beroebacter blanensis/ AqS2 clade (Tethybacterales, Gammaproteobacteria) of LMA sponges, and the widely distributed archaeal Nitrosopumilus sp. clade.},
}

@article {pmid40519052,
year = {2025},
author = {Hilbert, A and Klotz, U and Sadeghi, S and Juarascio, AS and Kirsten, T},
title = {Smartphone-Supported Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Binge-Eating Disorder: An Exploratory Randomized Trial.},
journal = {The International journal of eating disorders},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/eat.24479},
pmid = {40519052},
issn = {1098-108X},
support = {3/2019//Roland Ernst Foundation for Healthcare/ ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of a smartphone app delivering just-in-time adaptive interventions as an adjunct to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) adapted to binge-eating disorder (BED), estimate its effects assuming superiority over CBT alone, and document safety and target engagement.

METHOD: A single-center, assessor-blinded, parallel feasibility study randomized adults aged 18-65 years with full-syndrome or subthreshold BED to smartphone-supported CBT (SmartCBT) or standard CBT (DRKS00024597). Both arms received 16 individual 50-min CBT sessions over 4 months. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T0), midtreatment (T1), posttreatment (T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3). Feasibility was determined regarding recruitment, attrition, dropout, adherence, assessment completion, app use, and acceptance. Further, eating disorder symptoms, mental and physical health, weight management behavior, safety, and target engagement (i.e., skill use) were assessed.

RESULTS: Over a 7-month recruitment period, 28 of 50 eligible volunteers were included and randomized 1:1 to SmartCBT or CBT. In the modified intent-to-treat sample (N = 25; SmartCBT: 13, CBT: 12), the feasibility of SmartCBT was further supported regarding attrition, dropout, adherence, treatment completion, app use, and acceptance; however, assessment completion was moderate. Clinical improvements were found in both arms, but differential results were affected by baseline differences and moderate assessment completion in the SmartCBT arm. Safety was documented, and support for target engagement was found.

CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory study provides evidence for the feasibility of app-supported CBT for BED. With few procedural refinements, the protocol can be used in a confirmatory randomized-controlled trial with long-term follow-up to evaluate efficacy and determine treatment mechanisms.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register, https://www.drks.de, DRKS00024597.},
}

@article {pmid40502560,
year = {2025},
author = {Gontjes, KJ and Singh, A and Sansom, SE and Boyko, JD and Smith, SA and Lautenbach, E and Snitkin, E},
title = {Phylogenetic context of antibiotic resistance provides insights into the dynamics of resistance emergence and spread.},
journal = {medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40502560},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: To ameliorate the antibiotic resistance crisis, the drivers of resistance emergence (i.e., de novo evolution) and resistance spread (i.e., cross-transmission) must be better understood.

METHODS: Whole-genome sequencing and susceptibility testing were performed on clinical carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected from August 2014 to July 2015 across 12 hospitals. Ancestral state reconstruction partitioned patients with resistant strains into those that likely acquired resistance via de novo evolution or cross-transmission. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between patient characteristics/exposures and these two pathways: resistance due to predicted within-host emergence of resistance, and resistance due to predicted cross-transmission. This framework is available in the user-friendly R package, phyloAMR (https://github.com/kylegontjes/phyloAMR).

RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis of 386 epidemic lineage carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 258 isolates revealed differences in the relative contribution of de novo evolution and cross-transmission to the burden of resistance to five antibiotics. Clade-specific variations in rates of resistance emergence and their frequency and magnitude of spread were detected for each antibiotic. Phylogenetically-informed regression modeling identified distinct clinical risk factors associated with each pathway. Exposure to the cognate antibiotic was an independent risk factor for resistance emergence (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, colistin, and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors) and resistance spread (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, and colistin). In addition to antibiotic exposures, comorbidities (e.g., stage IV+ decubitus ulcers) and indwelling devices (e.g., gastrostomy tubes) were detected as unique risk factors for resistance spread.

CONCLUSIONS: Phylogenetic contextualization generated insights and hypotheses into how bacterial genetic background, patient characteristics, and clinical practices influence the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance.},
}

@article {pmid40489355,
year = {2025},
author = {Valverde, S and Vidiella, B and Martínez-Redondo, GI and Duran-Nebreda, S and Fernández, R and Bombarely, A and Rojas, AM and Bentley, RA},
title = {Structural Changes in Gene Ontology Reveal Modular and Complex Representations of Biological Function.},
journal = {Molecular biology and evolution},
volume = {42},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/molbev/msaf148},
pmid = {40489355},
issn = {1537-1719},
support = {PID2020-117822GB-I00//AEI/ ; PID2021-127503OB-I00//AEI/ ; PCI2022-132936//Swedish Environmental Protection Agency/ ; },
mesh = {*Gene Ontology/trends ; Computational Biology/methods ; },
abstract = {The Gene Ontology is a central resource for representing biological knowledge, yet its internal structure is often treated as static-or as a black box-in computational analyses. Here, we examine 15 years of Gene Ontology evolution using network-based methods, revealing that Gene Ontology changes not only through incremental growth but also through punctuated, curator-driven restructuring. In particular, we document a major reorganization of the Cellular Component branch in 2019, where broad "part" terms were removed and the ontology was modularized into distinct domains for anatomical entities and protein-containing complexes. Semantic modularity aligns Gene Ontology with emerging frameworks such as the Common Anatomy Reference Ontology and Gene Ontology-Causal Activity Modeling, but also disrupts similarity metrics that rely solely on hierarchical proximity. More broadly, the restructuring of the cellular components branch consolidates a shift toward treating Gene Ontology as a multi-layer semantic network-a transformation rooted in a decade-long process of scientific and social consensus across institutions. These findings underscore the need for version-aware, multi-layer models to ensure reproducibility and interpretability-and to better represent biological function across compositional, spatial, and regulatory dimensions as ontologies continue to evolve.},
}

*Gene Ontology/trends
Computational Biology/methods

@article {pmid40518659,
year = {2025},
author = {Gurung, S and Lee, CM and Weon, HY and Han, SR and Oh, TJ},
title = {Comparative Genome Analysis of Three Halobacillus Strains Isolated From Saline Environments Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance and Algicidal Mechanisms.},
journal = {Environmental microbiology reports},
volume = {17},
number = {3},
pages = {e70121},
pmid = {40518659},
issn = {1758-2229},
support = {RS-2024-00441423//The Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT)/ ; },
mesh = {*Salt Tolerance/genetics ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Harmful Algal Bloom ; Phylogeny ; *Bacillaceae/genetics/isolation & purification/physiology/classification ; Computational Biology ; Genomics ; },
abstract = {Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose a significant global threat to water ecosystems, prompting extensive research into their inhibition and control strategies. This study presents genomic and bioinformatic analyses to investigate the algicidal potential and elucidate the survival mechanisms in harsh conditions of newly identified Halobacillus species three strains (SSTM10-2[T], SSBR10-3[T], and SSHM10-5[T]) isolated from saline environments. Moreover, genomic and bioinformatic analyses were conducted to elucidate their survival mechanisms in harsh conditions. Moreover, comparative genomic analysis revealed a diverse set of orthologous genes, with a core genome primarily associated with metabolism and information processing. Pangenome analysis highlighted accessory and unique genes potentially involved in environmental adaptation and stress response. Functional annotation using KEGG pathways identified genes linked to xenobiotic compound degradation, stress tolerance, and salt adaptation. Additionally, the study elucidated potential mechanisms underlying algicidal activity, implicating Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes (CAZymes), cytochrome P450 oxidases (CYP), and quorum sensing (QS) systems. Finally, analysis of KEGG pathways related to microcystin degradation suggested the strains' capacity to mitigate HABs. Thus, this research enhances understanding of the genomic diversity, phylogeny, and functional characteristics of Halobacillus species, offering insights into their ecological roles and potential applications in biotechnology and environmental management.},
}

*Salt Tolerance/genetics
*Genome, Bacterial
Harmful Algal Bloom
Phylogeny
*Bacillaceae/genetics/isolation & purification/physiology/classification
Computational Biology
Genomics

@article {pmid40512727,
year = {2025},
author = {Clauss, M and Roller, M and Bertelsen, MF and Rudolf von Rohr, C and Müller, DWH and Schiffmann, C and Kummrow, M and Encke, D and Ferreira, S and Duvall, ES and Maré, C and Abraham, AJ},
title = {Reply to Ferraro et al.: Breed-and-feed reflects inevitable trade-offs between individual longevity and population sustainability.},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {122},
number = {26},
pages = {e2509145122},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2509145122},
pmid = {40512727},
issn = {1091-6490},
}

@article {pmid40508665,
year = {2025},
author = {Jiao, Y and Miao, X and Wang, L and Hong, S and Gao, Y and Wang, X},
title = {The Engineered Synthesis and Enhancement of Nitrogen and Chlorine Co-Doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots for the Sensitive Detection of Quercetin.},
journal = {Materials (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {18},
number = {11},
pages = {},
pmid = {40508665},
issn = {1996-1944},
support = {202303021221041, 202203021212443//Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province/ ; 22408259//Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2023M743771//China Postdoctoral Science Foundation/ ; SXBYKY2022076//Shanxi Province doctoral graduates and postdoctoral researchers come to work in Shanxi Province to reward the fund scientific research project/ ; 2021L029//Science and technology innovation project of colleges and universities in Shanxi Province/ ; },
abstract = {Flavonoid alcohols, particularly quercetin, as emerging antioxidants, demand advanced detection methodologies to comprehensively explore and evaluate their potential environmental and health risks. In this study, nitrogen-chlorine co-doped carbon dots (N, Cl-CDs), featuring an extended wavelength emission at 625 nm, were synthesized via the reaction of 4-chloro-1,2-phenylenediamine with polyethyleneimine. The engineered N, Cl-CDs exhibit superior photostability, exceptional aqueous dispersibility, and anti-interference capability in complex matrices. Leveraging static electron transfer mechanisms, the N, Cl-CDs demonstrate selective fluorescence quenching toward quercetin with an ultralow detection limit of 60.42 nM. Validation through rigorous spiked recovery assays in apple peel and red wine has been proficiently performed with satisfactory accuracy, highlighting the significant prospect of the constructed N, Cl-CDs for quercetin identification in real samples. This study provides valuable insights into the analytical determination of flavonoid compounds in complex environmental matrices, highlighting the potential of N, Cl-CDs for environmental and food safety monitoring.},
}

@article {pmid40505380,
year = {2025},
author = {Borics, G and Lerf, V and Falucskai, J and B-Béres, V and Kisantal, T and Tóth, I and T-Krasznai, E and Stanković, I and Görgényi, J and Lukács, Á and Várbíró, G},
title = {Projected area calculation for microalgae using three-dimensional models.},
journal = {Water research},
volume = {284},
number = {},
pages = {123951},
doi = {10.1016/j.watres.2025.123951},
pmid = {40505380},
issn = {1879-2448},
abstract = {Light acquisition and sinking properties of microalgae fundamentally affect how species perform in aquatic environments. Both properties are the function of their projected area (Ā), a crucial morphological trait of microalgae. Despite their importance, species-specific Ā values have not been computed for microalgae. The reason for this is that although using an analytical approach Ā can be calculated for every convex shape, a vast majority of planktic algae are concave and currently not known how to calculate the projected area of concave shapes. Applying shape-realistic 3D models of microalgae and a novel numerical approach combined with computer simulation, we calculated the projected area for more than 800 microalgae. Validating this approach using convex shapes and the analytical Ā = surface area/4 formula we found, that the proposed method achieves less than 5 % estimation bias. We also studied how Ā values of species can be predicted by easy-to-measure morphological metrics (such as Gald/width ratio, compactness, relative surface area extension, relative elongation, surface area constant, volume constant). We have found that the metrics do not show a sufficiently close relationship with the projected area to allow us to estimate species-specific Ā values. We demonstrated that the morphological differences among species can result in up to 6-fold differences in Ā values for the same volume. Spindle-form, filamentous species and loosely packed coenobia are the most efficient adaptations to maximize Ā. This study provides an innovative methodology and a huge dataset containing Ā values of 844 planktic freshwater microalgae. Although the dataset contains species only for the Pannonian and Dinaric ecoregions, because of the cosmopolitan nature of planktic algae it can be used for other ecoregions. Species-specific projected area values multiplied by cell counts give a new metric that characterizes the shading property of the given phytoplankton assemblage and enables us to better understand the changes in light availability and study the vertical processes in the water.},
}

@article {pmid40505009,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, S and Zhang, X and Jin, LN and Fang, M and Gu, AZ and Li, D and Chen, J},
title = {Unveiling Phase-Dependent Genotoxicity of Organic Pollutants in Gaseous and Aqueous Forms.},
journal = {Environmental science & technology},
volume = {59},
number = {24},
pages = {12048-12059},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.5c01852},
pmid = {40505009},
issn = {1520-5851},
mesh = {tert-Butylhydroperoxide/toxicity ; Water ; Gases ; Organic Chemicals ; },
abstract = {Organic pollutants exist in various physical states within the natural environment, yet it remains unclear how their physical states influence their toxicity characteristics. This study investigated the phase-dependent genotoxicity and combined effects of two organic compounds, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and dimethyl sulfate (DES), in both gaseous and aqueous phases. Given the substantial differences in concentrations for the same compound in gaseous and aqueous environments, we constructed the complete multitoxic and dose-response curves for gene induction in both phases, covering environmentally relevant concentrations. Under the same stress conditions, the genotoxicity of gaseous TBHP was 158.21 ± 33.17% of that of its aqueous form, while gaseous DES exhibited 260.56 ± 12.63% of the genotoxicity of its aqueous form. Notably, while no formation of new reaction products were observed, aqueous-phase mixtures exhibited greater complexity and higher toxicity compared to their gaseous counterparts. These differences were attributed to variations in molecular energy states, free radical generation and diffusion, molecular interaction pathways, and chemical reactivity between the two phases. By elucidating the mechanisms underlying these disparities, this study highlights the critical role of physical states in evaluating the toxicity and risks associated with gaseous organic chemicals.},
}

tert-Butylhydroperoxide/toxicity
Water
Gases
Organic Chemicals

@article {pmid40497295,
year = {2025},
author = {Taylor, BA and Slater, GP and Stolle, E and Dorey, J and Buchmann, G and Oldroyd, BP and Gloag, R and Harpur, BA},
title = {Multi-Omic Analysis Reveals Population Differentiation and Signatures of Social Evolution in Tetragonula Stingless Bees.},
journal = {Molecular ecology},
volume = {34},
number = {13},
pages = {e17823},
doi = {10.1111/mec.17823},
pmid = {40497295},
issn = {1365-294X},
support = {DE220100466//Australian Research Council/ ; LT0056/2022-L//Human Frontier Science Program/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Bees/genetics ; *Genetics, Population ; *Social Evolution ; Male ; Genome, Insect ; Selection, Genetic ; Australia ; Female ; Social Behavior ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Stingless bees in the genus Tetragonula are social insects with a fully sterile worker caste, and are therefore well-placed to provide insights into the genomic changes associated with 'superorganismal' life histories. Here we assemble the genome of Tetragonula carbonaria and characterise the population structure and divergence of both T. carbonaria and its cryptic congener T. hockingsi in eastern Australia, revealing three distinct populations for T. carbonaria and two partially differentiated subpopulations for T. hockingsi. We then combine our genomic results with RNA-seq data from different T. carbonaria castes (queens, males, workers) to test two hypotheses about genomic adaptations in social insects: the 'Relaxed Constraint' hypothesis, which predicts indirect, and therefore relaxed, selection on worker-biased genes; and the 'Adapted Worker' hypothesis, which predicts intensified positive selection on worker genes due to their evolutionarily novel functions. Although we do not find a direct signal of either weaker purifying selection or elevated positive selection in worker-biased genes based on deviations from neutral expectations of nucleotide change between the two species, other evidence does support a model of relaxed selection on worker-biased genes: such genes show higher nucleotide diversity and greater interspecies divergence than queen-biased genes. We also find that differentially caste-biased genes exhibit distinct patterns of length, GC content and evolutionary origin. These findings, which converge with patterns found in other social insects, support the hypothesis that social evolution produces distinct signatures in the genome. Overall, Tetragonula bees emerge as a valuable model for studying the genomic basis of social complexity in insects.},
}

Animals
Bees/genetics
*Genetics, Population
*Social Evolution
Male
Genome, Insect
Selection, Genetic
Australia
Female
Social Behavior
Multiomics

@article {pmid40493719,
year = {2025},
author = {Campbell, AM and Kula, AC and Jabaily, RS and Oberle, B and Sidoti, B and Capaldi, A and Bodine, EN},
title = {Predicting potential recovery of the endangered bromeliad Tillandsia utriculata: An agent-based modeling approach.},
journal = {PLoS computational biology},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e1013157},
pmid = {40493719},
issn = {1553-7358},
mesh = {Animals ; *Endangered Species ; *Weevils/physiology ; *Models, Biological ; *Bromeliaceae/physiology/parasitology ; Predatory Behavior ; Florida ; Female ; Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Population Dynamics ; Introduced Species ; },
abstract = {Invasive pests and pathogens are a major driver of biodiversity loss. Some rare species may persist through rapid evolution to tolerate or escape new threats, but representing the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes at the appropriate scale is analytically and computationally challenging. Tillandsia utriculata has been classified as endangered in Florida where its population has decreased significantly due to predation by the invasive Mexican weevil Metamasius callizona. Adult female weevils deposit their eggs in leaves of epiphytic bromeliads, preferentially ovipositing in the largest rosettes. Once the eggs hatch, the larvae consume the core of the rosette, often leading to pre-reproductive death. During the past three decades of predation, the T. utriculata population has shifted to initiating the production of inflorescences (to commence its single attempt at sexual reproduction) at smaller rosette sizes. Importantly, the rosette size at induction is correlated with the number of seeds produced. We have constructed an agent-based model to simulate the dynamics of a Florida T. utriculata population over many generations where the minimum rosettes size required to initiate inflorescence production (minimum size of induction or MSI), is an inherited trait. We use the model to explore how predation may have shifted the population's genetic composition and the impact this has on population viability. Our results show that larger germination rates are required for population viability when weevils are present. Parameter uncertainty analysis revealed that in the presence of weevil predation, only a population with a very high germination rate and a short period of predation would sustain its population for 100 years with sizes similar to simulations without weevil predation. Furthermore, uncertainty analysis showed that the mean MSI of the population decreased over a 100-year period without weevil predation, and this trend was exacerbated by the presence of weevil predation.},
}

Animals
*Endangered Species
*Weevils/physiology
*Models, Biological
*Bromeliaceae/physiology/parasitology
Predatory Behavior
Florida
Female
Computational Biology
Computer Simulation
Population Dynamics
Introduced Species

@article {pmid40458985,
year = {2025},
author = {Carné, A and Vieites, DR and van den Burg, MP},
title = {In Vouchers We (Hope to) Trust: Unveiling Hidden Errors in GenBank's Tetrapod Taxonomic Foundations.},
journal = {Molecular ecology},
volume = {34},
number = {13},
pages = {e17812},
doi = {10.1111/mec.17812},
pmid = {40458985},
issn = {1365-294X},
support = {10.13039/501100011033//Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación./ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Databases, Nucleic Acid/standards ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Phylogeny ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; },
abstract = {Genetic repositories are invaluable resources foundational to various biological disciplines. While their data and metadata reliability are essential for robust research outcomes, numerous studies have highlighted data quality and consistency issues. Here, we detect and quantify errors at the most fundamental level by analysing the congruence of sequences derived from the same genetic marker and specimen voucher across tetrapods. Our analysis reveals that 32% of re-sequenced vouchers (with identical field or museum numbers) yield unequal sequences, ranging from a few mutations to significant divergences (0.06%-33.95%). These divergences may result from sample misidentification, labelling errors, fidelity disparities between sequencing methods, or contamination at various stages of the research process. Our findings demonstrate errors within GenBank at its most basal level and suggest that, although undetectable, a similar error rate likely exists in non-re-sequenced data. These previously overlooked errors are concerning because they arise from replicated experiments, which are uncommon, and raise serious questions about the reliability of non-re-sequenced specimens. Such errors can compromise the accuracy of biodiversity assessments (e.g., taxonomic assessment, eDNA and barcoding), phylogenetic analyses and conservation planning by artificially inflating the intraspecific divergence or misidentifying (to-be-described) species. Additionally, the accuracy of large-scale biological studies that rely on such data can be compromised. Our concerning results call for protocols ensuring sample traceability to the specimens or tissues during the whole process of data generation, analysis and deposition in a database. We propose a third-party annotation system for individual GenBank records that would allow flagging common errors and alert both the original submitter and all users to potential problems without modifying the original records.},
}

Animals
*Databases, Nucleic Acid/standards
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Phylogeny
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic

@article {pmid40156461,
year = {2025},
author = {Sharma, G and Deuis, JR and Jia, X and Crawford, T and Rahnama, S and Undheim, EAB and Vetter, I and Chin, YK and Mobli, M},
title = {Refining the NaV1.7 pharmacophore of a class of venom-derived peptide inhibitors via a combination of in silico screening and rational engineering.},
journal = {FEBS letters},
volume = {599},
number = {12},
pages = {1717-1732},
pmid = {40156461},
issn = {1873-3468},
support = {FTl10100925//Australian Research Council/ ; DE160101142//Australian Research Council/ ; APP1102267//National Health and Medical Research Council/ ; APP1080405//National Health and Medical Research Council/ ; 2017086//National Health and Medical Research Council/ ; APP1034958//National Health and Medical Research Council/ ; //University of Queensland/ ; 101039862/ERC_/European Research Council/International ; },
mesh = {*NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/chemistry/metabolism/genetics ; Humans ; *Peptides/chemistry/pharmacology ; Animals ; *Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers/chemistry/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Computer Simulation ; Protein Engineering ; *Scorpion Venoms/chemistry/pharmacology ; Computational Biology ; Pharmacophore ; },
abstract = {Ion channels are among the main targets of venom peptides. Extensive functional screening has identified a number of these peptides as modulators of the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.7, a potential target for the treatment of chronic pain. In this study, we used a bioinformatic approach that can automatically identify NaV1.7 gating modifier toxins from sequence information alone. The method further enables the incorporation of evolutionarily accessible sequence space in structure-activity relationship studies. The in silico method identified a putative NaV1.7 inhibitor, μ-theraphotoxin Cg4a, which we produced recombinantly and confirmed as a NaV1.7 inhibitor. Using structural and mutagenesis studies, we propose an improved definition of the pharmacophore of this class of NaV1.7 inhibitors, aiding future in silico screening and classification of NaV1.7 inhibitors.},
}

*NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/chemistry/metabolism/genetics
Humans
*Peptides/chemistry/pharmacology
Animals
*Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers/chemistry/pharmacology
Structure-Activity Relationship
Amino Acid Sequence
Computer Simulation
Protein Engineering
*Scorpion Venoms/chemistry/pharmacology
Computational Biology
Pharmacophore

@article {pmid40504830,
year = {2025},
author = {Negeri, BG and Xiuguang, B and Moisa, MB},
title = {Assessment of potential land suitability for rainfed wheat production using GIS and multi criteria decision analysis in the Southwestern parts of Ethiopia.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
pages = {e0324540},
pmid = {40504830},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {*Triticum/growth & development ; Ethiopia ; *Geographic Information Systems ; Rain ; Soil/chemistry ; *Decision Support Techniques ; *Agriculture/methods ; Crops, Agricultural/growth & development ; },
abstract = {Wheat production in Ethiopia is vital for improving food security, boosting the national economy, and achieving self-sufficiency in food consumption. The present study aims to assess the potential land suitability for rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production by using Geographic Information System and multi criteria decision analysis in southwestern parts of Ethiopia. Biophysical data, including land use and land cover (LULC), soil drainage, soil texture, soil depth, proximity to markets and roads, land surface temperature, slope, rainfall, and elevation, were used. In addition, different software tools, such as ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS Imagine 2015, IDRISI Selva 17, and ArcSWAT were applied. The results revealed that approximately 177.1 km[2] (1.3%) of the study area was classified as highly suitable, 5375.2 km[2] (38.2%) as moderately suitable, 7,246.0 km[2] (51.5%) as marginally suitable, and 1235.1 km[2] (8.8%) as currently not suitable for rainfed wheat cultivation. Furthermore, out of the 23 districts analyzed, Sayo Nole and Bedelle Zuriya were identified as highly suitable for wheat production, with an area of 32.7km2 and 23.3km2 respectively. Therefore, the study recommends that future study research investigate additional other ecological parameters, such as soil PH, lime, gypsum, salinity, alkalinity and socio-economic data, which were not included in the present study.},
}

*Triticum/growth & development
Ethiopia
*Geographic Information Systems
Rain
Soil/chemistry
*Decision Support Techniques
*Agriculture/methods
Crops, Agricultural/growth & development

@article {pmid40504771,
year = {2025},
author = {Augustijn, HE and Reitz, ZL and Zhang, L and Boot, JA and Elsayed, SS and Challis, GL and Medema, MH and van Wezel, GP},
title = {Genome mining based on transcriptional regulatory networks uncovers a novel locus involved in desferrioxamine biosynthesis.},
journal = {PLoS biology},
volume = {23},
number = {6},
pages = {e3003183},
pmid = {40504771},
issn = {1545-7885},
mesh = {*Deferoxamine ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; *Streptomyces coelicolor/genetics/metabolism ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Multigene Family ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Operon ; Computational Biology ; Iron/metabolism ; Data Mining ; },
abstract = {Bacteria produce a plethora of natural products that are in clinical, agricultural and biotechnological use. Genome mining has uncovered millions of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that encode their biosynthesis, the vast majority of them lacking a clear product or function. Thus, a major challenge is to predict the bioactivities of the molecules these BGCs specify, and how to elicit their expression. Here, we present an innovative strategy whereby we harness the power of regulatory networks combined with global gene expression patterns to predict BGC functions. Bioinformatic analysis of all genes predicted to be controlled by the iron master regulator DmdR1 combined with co-expression data, led to identification of the novel operon desJGH that plays a key role in the biosynthesis of the iron overload drug desferrioxamine (DFO) B in Streptomyces coelicolor. Deletion of either desG or desH strongly reduces the biosynthesis of DFO B, while that of DFO E is enhanced. DesJGH most likely act by changing the balance between the DFO precursors. Our work shows the power of harnessing regulation-based genome mining to functionally prioritize BGCs, accelerating the discovery of novel bioactive molecules.},
}

*Deferoxamine
*Gene Regulatory Networks
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
*Streptomyces coelicolor/genetics/metabolism
*Genome, Bacterial
Multigene Family
Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism
Operon
Computational Biology
Iron/metabolism
Data Mining

@article {pmid40123484,
year = {2025},
author = {Poulin, R},
title = {To bin or not to bin: why parasite abundance data should not be lumped into categories for statistical analysis.},
journal = {Parasitology},
volume = {152},
number = {3},
pages = {338-345},
doi = {10.1017/S003118202500040X},
pmid = {40123484},
issn = {1469-8161},
mesh = {Animals ; *Host-Parasite Interactions ; *Parasites/physiology ; *Parasitology/methods ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; *Parasitic Diseases/parasitology ; },
abstract = {The impact of macroparasites on their hosts is proportional to the number of parasites per host, or parasite abundance. Abundance values are count data, i.e. integers ranging from 0 to some maximum number, depending on the host-parasite system. When using parasite abundance as a predictor in statistical analysis, a common approach is to bin values, i.e. group hosts into infection categories based on abundance, and test for differences in some response variable (e.g. a host trait) among these categories. There are well-documented pitfalls associated with this approach. Here, I use a literature review to show that binning abundance values for analysis has been used in one-third of studies published in parasitological journals over the past 15 years, and half of the studies in ecological and behavioural journals, often without any justification. Binning abundance data into arbitrary categories has been much more common among studies using experimental infections than among those using naturally infected hosts. I then use simulated data to demonstrate that true and significant relationships between parasite abundance and host traits can be missed when abundance values are binned for analysis, and vice versa that when there is no underlying relationship between abundance and host traits, analysis of binned data can create a spurious one. This holds regardless of the prevalence of infection or the level of parasite aggregation in a host sample. These findings argue strongly for the practice of binning abundance data as a predictor variable to be abandoned in favour of more appropriate analytical approaches.},
}

Animals
*Host-Parasite Interactions
*Parasites/physiology
*Parasitology/methods
Data Interpretation, Statistical
*Parasitic Diseases/parasitology

@article {pmid40504102,
year = {2025},
author = {Roces, V and Cañal, MJ and Mateo, JL and Valledor, L},
title = {Pra-GE-ATLAS: Empowering Pinus radiata stress and breeding research through a multi-omics database.},
journal = {Journal of integrative plant biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jipb.13944},
pmid = {40504102},
issn = {1744-7909},
support = {FPU18/02953//Ministerio de Universidades/ ; PID2019-107107GB-I00//Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/ ; },
abstract = {In recent decades, research on model organisms has significantly increased our understanding of core biological processes in plant science. However, this focus has created a substantial knowledge bottleneck due to the limited phylogenetic and ecological spectrum covered. Gymnosperms, especially conifers, represent a molecular and ecological diversity hotspot among seed plants. Despite their importance, research on these species is notably underrepresented, primarily due to a slower pace of investigation resulting from a lack of community-based resources and databases. To fill this gap, we developed the P(inus)ra(diata)-G(ene)E(xpression) (Pra-GE)-ATLAS, which consists of several tools and two main modules: transcriptomics and proteomics, presented in this work for the forestry commercial and stress-sensitive species Pinus radiata. We have summarized and centralized all the available information to provide a comprehensive view of the gene expression landscape. To illustrate how applications of the database lead to new biological insights, we have integrated multiple regulatory layers across tissues and stressors. While stress favors the retention of small introns, harmonized alternative splicing analyses reveal that genes with conifers' iconic large introns tend to be under constitutive regulation. Furthermore, the degree of convergence between stressors differed between regulatory layers, with proteomic responses remaining highly distinctive even through intergenerational memory tolerance. Overall, the Pra-GE-ATLAS aims to narrow the distance between angiosperms and gymnosperms resources, deepening our understanding of how characteristic pine features have evolved. Pra-GE-ATLAS DB is available at: http://pra-ge-atlas.valmei.es.},
}

@article {pmid40498870,
year = {2025},
author = {Wu, X and Liu, J and Hou, Y},
title = {Data and methods for assessing urban green infrastructure using GIS: A systematic review.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
pages = {e0324906},
pmid = {40498870},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {*Geographic Information Systems ; Humans ; Sustainable Development ; Cities ; *City Planning/methods ; Ecosystem ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; },
abstract = {Comprehensive and visual assessments utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer an empirical foundation for the planning, construction, and optimization of Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI), effectively promoting its sustainable development. A comprehensive review of this field clarifies the research methods, application scope, trends, and challenges associated with using GIS to advance UGI development. This study synthesizes research findings from the Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) within the Web of Science (WOS) database, as well as from the Scopus database, for the period from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2024. The initial dataset included 640 articles from WOS and 952 articles from Scopus. After removing 1,572 duplicates and irrelevant studies, the final selection consisted of 20 articles. The integration of both WOS and Scopus databases ensures a comprehensive capture of current trends and limitations in GIS-based UGI assessments. This study centers on the scope, data sources, theoretical models, analyses, and objectives of GIS-based UGI assessments. The research indicates that over the past five years, GIS-based UGI assessments have primarily focused on areas such as accessibility, ecosystem service potential, resilience, and environmental justice, in addition to non-ecological aspects such as social benefits and aesthetics. While the integration of diverse data and analytical indicators into GIS has enhanced assessment comprehensiveness, and AI technologies have deepened data analysis, field research with urban residents remains crucial, underscoring the importance of inclusiveness in the study. This study also reveals a significant increase in interdisciplinarity in GIS-based assessments of UGI. The integration of assessment methods from ecology, computer science, urban planning, sociology, aesthetics, and other disciplines demonstrates that research in this field has fully considered ecological, social, economic, and humanistic factors, thereby more comprehensively reflecting the integrated needs of sustainable urban development.},
}

*Geographic Information Systems
Humans
Sustainable Development
Cities
*City Planning/methods
Ecosystem
*Conservation of Natural Resources/methods

@article {pmid40498755,
year = {2025},
author = {Morrison, ES and Pandolfi, GP and Aguillon, SM and Ali, JR and Archard, O and Baldassarre, DT and Baquero, I and Bennett, KFP and Bonney, KM and Bryant, R and Catanach, RM and Catanach, TA and Chavoshan, I and Davis, SN and Goodman, BD and Gulson-Castillo, ER and Hack, M and Hudon, J and Leighton, GM and Long, KM and Ma, Z and McCoy, DE and McLaughlin, JF and Rueda Moreno, G and Mota, TM and Noguchi, L and Nwigwe, U and Pegan, T and Provost, KL and Rasband, SA and Salter, JF and Silvernail, LC and Simard, JA and Skeen, HR and Soto-Patiño, J and Suh, YH and Wang, Q and Warshauer, ME and Yan, S and Zalinski, B and Zhao, Z and Shultz, AJ},
title = {AvianLexiconAtlas: A database of descriptive categories of English-language bird names around the world.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
pages = {e0325890},
pmid = {40498755},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {*Birds/classification ; Animals ; *Language ; *Terminology as Topic ; *Databases, Factual ; Humans ; },
abstract = {Common names of species are important for communicating with the general public. In principle, these names should provide an accessible way to engage with and identify species. The common names of species have historically been labile without standard guidelines, even within a language. Currently, there is no systematic assessment of how often common names communicate identifiable and biologically relevant characteristics about species. This is a salient issue in ornithology, where common names are used more often than scientific names for species of birds in written and spoken English, even by professional researchers. To gain a better understanding of the types of terminology used in the English-language common names of bird species, a group of 85 professional ornithologists and non-professional contributors classified unique descriptors in the common names of all recognized species of birds. In the AvianLexiconAtlas database produced by this work, each species' common name is assigned to one of ten categories associated with aspects of avian biology, ecology, or human culture. Across 10,906 species of birds, 89% have names describing the biology of the species, while the remaining 11% of species have names derived from human cultural references, human names, or local non-English languages. Species with common names based on features of avian biology are more likely to be related to each other or be from the same geographic region. The crowdsourced data collection also revealed that many common names contain specialized or historic terminology unknown to many of the data collectors, and we include these terms in a glossary and gazetteer alongside the dataset. The AvianLexiconAtlas can be used as a quantitative resource to assess the state of terminology in English-language common names of birds. Future research using the database can shed light on historical approaches to nomenclature and how people engage with species through their names.},
}

*Birds/classification
Animals
*Language
*Terminology as Topic
*Databases, Factual
Humans

@article {pmid40253884,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, X and Zhao, C and Huang, G and Liu, H and Zhu, X and Huang, J},
title = {Quantifying leachate discharge and assessing environmental risks of gully-type coal-based solid waste dumps in small watersheds: A refined hydrological modeling approach for mitigation strategies.},
journal = {Water research},
volume = {282},
number = {},
pages = {123655},
doi = {10.1016/j.watres.2025.123655},
pmid = {40253884},
issn = {1879-2448},
mesh = {*Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; *Coal ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Models, Theoretical ; Hydrology ; Risk Assessment ; *Solid Waste/analysis ; *Refuse Disposal ; },
abstract = {Rainfall-induced leaching from extensive coal-based solid waste storage results in a long-term risk to watershed's water quality and safety. The leachate carries heavy metals and other contaminants, which migrate and accumulate through the watershed, leading to a persistent deterioration of downstream water environment. However, the lack of systematic research on the release, accumulation, and spatial-scale migration dynamics of leachate limits effective management of diffused leachate pollutions. This study presents a novel cross-scale coupling framework which integrates multi-source remote sensing data with Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, employing a strategy that transfers parameters from large basins to accurately quantify the hydrological processes in coal waste sub-basins. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the hydrological characteristics, leachate generation, and watershed migration dynamics in gangue dump sub-watersheds, providing a new methodological framework for managing mining-related leachate pollution. The large basin model demonstrated strong performance (R[2] = 0.79, NSE = 0.66 for calibration; R[2] = 0.74, NSE = 0.59 for verification), while the sub-basin model exhibited excellent accuracy (R[2] = 0.94, NSE = 0.92 for calibration; R[2] = 0.81, NSE = 0.77 for verification). High-resolution drone data estimated the annual leachate production to be 3366.87 m[3]. Simulations revealed that leachate migration peaks in the summer months (July to September), significantly increasing downstream pollution risks. Risk assessments indicate that vegetation in land restoration areas reduces leachate production and migration via evapotranspiration and other processes. This study provides an adaptable methodological framework for managing mining-related leachate pollution and highlights the critical importance of optimal reclamation strategies for mitigating pollution and restoring degraded landscapes.},
}

*Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
*Coal
Environmental Monitoring/methods
Models, Theoretical
Hydrology
Risk Assessment
*Solid Waste/analysis
*Refuse Disposal

@article {pmid40494636,
year = {2025},
author = {Yaling, H and Shasha, C and Mengyao, L and Wenhui, L and Yan, G and Mengjiao, L and Qian, Z and Siyuan, Z and Diao, Z and Xinhui, L and Lei, Z and Qiong, Z and Ziqiang, Y and Yandong, X and Gaihua, Z and Yin, J},
title = {Phosphate-solubilizing function of Pediococcus pentosaceus PSM16 and its underlying mechanism.},
journal = {Microbiology spectrum},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e0049125},
doi = {10.1128/spectrum.00491-25},
pmid = {40494636},
issn = {2165-0497},
abstract = {Phosphorus is a crucial nutrient for plant growth, but only a limited quantity is typically accessible in the soil for plants to absorb directly. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can convert inorganic phosphorus compounds into forms that are more readily usable for plant nutrition. Our previous research has verified the function of Pediococcus pentosaceus PSM16 in degrading phytic acid. On this basis, we further explored the phosphorus-solubilizing capacity of PSM16 and evaluated its potential for practical application in this study. The results indicated that PSM16 significantly enhanced phosphorus utilization, not only enriching the environment with bioavailable phosphorus but also lowering the environmental pH and conductivity. These changes are instrumental in enhancing soil fertility, providing favorable conditions for plant growth, and stimulating seed germination. Through whole-genome sequencing of PSM16, we have identified key genes associated with the production of acid phosphatase. Specifically, the genes of GM000834, GM000917, GM000925, and GM000974 are implicated in PSM16's phosphorus solubilization function, likely through the production of phosphatase enzymes. Moreover, we have discovered that the phosphatases T.fus-QOS58989.1, A.cae-WP_156200763, M.the-SNW17984, N.gly-GGP12115, T.chr-SDQ48339.1, and T.chr-SDQ90039.1 are homologous to the aforementioned proteins and are present in compost, as confirmed by our informatics analysis. This presence in compost suggests their potential for real-world agricultural applications. This research presents promising candidate strains for the development of phosphorus-degrading bacterial agents, which could increase the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. This strategy is not only effective but also environmentally benign and cost-effective, offering a valuable contribution to the field of agricultural biotechnology.IMPORTANCEThis study sheds light on the transformative power of the PSM16 strain, a paragon of phosphorus solubilization that adeptly converts inert phosphorus into a form that is readily absorbed by plants. In this way, it not only elevates the levels of available phosphorus in the environment but also enriches the soil fertility, supporting the healthy growth of plants. The strategic application of PSM16 in tandem with phosphorus fertilizers promises to enhance the utilization rates of these fertilizers, reinforcing sustainable agricultural initiatives and alleviating the environmental pressures caused by excessive application. In addition, the study has uncovered a trove of strains that hold promise for the development of safe dephosphorylating bacterial agents. These agents are poised to deliver an economical, efficient, and eco-friendly alternative, encapsulating a commitment to agricultural advancement that is both responsible and resourceful.},
}

@article {pmid40489617,
year = {2025},
author = {van Ittersum, MK and Alimagham, S and Silva, JV and Adjei-Nsiah, S and Baijukya, FP and Bala, A and Chikowo, R and Grassini, P and de Groot, HLE and Nshizirungu, A and Mahamane Soulé, A and Sulser, TB and Taulya, G and Amor Tenorio, F and Tesfaye, K and Yuan, S and van Loon, MP},
title = {Prospects for cereal self-sufficiency in sub-Saharan Africa.},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {122},
number = {24},
pages = {e2423669122},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2423669122},
pmid = {40489617},
issn = {1091-6490},
support = {INV-030103/GATES/Gates Foundation/United States ; INV-005431/GATES/Gates Foundation/United States ; INV-018444//Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)/ ; },
mesh = {Africa South of the Sahara ; *Edible Grain/growth & development ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; *Agriculture/methods/trends ; Climate Change ; *Crops, Agricultural/growth & development ; Zea mays/growth & development ; Millets/growth & development ; },
abstract = {Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the world's largest projected increase in demand for food. Increased dependence on imports makes SSA vulnerable to geopolitical and economic risks, while further expansion of agricultural land is environmentally harmful. Cereals, in particular, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat, take nearly 50% of the cropland and 43% of the calories and proteins consumed in the region. Demand is projected to double until 2050. Here, we assess recent developments in cereal self-sufficiency and provide outlooks until 2050 under different intensification, area expansion, and climate change scenarios. We use detailed data for ten countries. Cereal self-sufficiency increased between 2010 and 2020 from 84 to 92% despite the 29% population increase. The production increase was achieved by increased yields per hectare (44%), area expansion (34%), and a shift from millet to the higher yielding maize (22%). Outlooks for 2050 are less pessimistic than earlier assessments because of the larger 2020 baseline area, higher shares of maize and somewhat less steep projected population increase. Yet, to halt further area expansion, a drastic trend change in annual yield increase from the present 20 to 58 kg ha[-1] y[-1] is needed to achieve cereal self-sufficiency. While such yield increases have been achieved elsewhere and are feasible given the yield potentials in SSA, they require structural changes and substantial agronomic, socioeconomic, and political investments. We estimate that amounts of added nitrogen need to at least triple to achieve such yield improvements, but it is essential that this comes with improved context-specific agronomy.},
}

Africa South of the Sahara
*Edible Grain/growth & development
*Food Supply
Humans
*Agriculture/methods/trends
Climate Change
*Crops, Agricultural/growth & development
Zea mays/growth & development
Millets/growth & development

@article {pmid40478826,
year = {2025},
author = {Flynn, KJ and Morozov, AY},
title = {Resource acquisition in diel cycles and the cost of growing quickly.},
journal = {PLoS computational biology},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e1013132},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013132},
pmid = {40478826},
issn = {1553-7358},
mesh = {*Models, Biological ; *Microalgae/growth & development/metabolism/physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Carbon/metabolism ; Biomass ; Computational Biology ; *Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Carbon Cycle/physiology ; },
abstract = {Many organisms, notably phototrophs, routinely acquire resources over only a fraction of the day. They have to balance their main period of initial biosynthesis against cell cycle events. Because of their short generation times, this challenge is especially acute for the planktonic microalgae that perform 50% of global C-fixation. Empirical evidence indicates that microalgal day-average growth is a function of the ability to acquire resources rapidly when available, retaining initial products of assimilation to support growth. A fundamental question arises over the optimal physiological configuration to support such activity. Here, we applied computer simulations implementing a development of the quota concept, in which the internal limiting resource is itself C, ratioed against total organism C-biomass. The model comprises metabolite and core pools of carbon C (MC and CC, respectively), with growth modulated by MC/(MC + CC); MC supports growth of CC in the absence of concurrent resource acquisition. Dynamic feedback interactions from the relative size of MC controls resource acquisition. The model reproduces the general pattern of growth at different light:day fraction (LD), and of afternoon-depression of C-fixation. We explored the efficiency of the physiological cell configuration to locate optimal configurations at different combinations of maximum growth rates (Umax) and LD values across plausible parameter values for microalgae. While the optimum maximum resource acquisition rate deployed during the L phase scales with Umax/LD, the maximum size of the metabolite pool scales to LD/DV, where DV is division time (i.e. Umax/Ln(2)). Accordingly, we conclude that faster growing organisms carry a penalty limiting their geographic spread to latitudes and seasons where LD is high. Larger, vacuolated organisms (such as diatoms), having a bigger metabolite compartment, may be at an advantage in such situations.},
}

*Models, Biological
*Microalgae/growth & development/metabolism/physiology
Computer Simulation
Carbon/metabolism
Biomass
Computational Biology
*Circadian Rhythm/physiology
Carbon Cycle/physiology

@article {pmid40474615,
year = {2025},
author = {Amador, LG and Ramirez-Parada, TH and Park, IW and Mazer, SJ and Ellison, AM and O'Brien, M and Sokol, ER and Smith, CA and Davis, CC and Record, S},
title = {Bridging data silos to holistically model plant macrophenology.},
journal = {The New phytologist},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/nph.70249},
pmid = {40474615},
issn = {1469-8137},
support = {1556768//Division of Environmental Biology/ ; 2105903//Division of Environmental Biology/ ; 2105907//Division of Environmental Biology/ ; 2105932//Division of Environmental Biology/ ; 22425//Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station/ ; 2223103//Division of Biological Infrastructure/ ; 2223104//Division of Biological Infrastructure/ ; },
abstract = {Phenological response to global climate change can impact ecosystem functions. There are various data sources from which spatiotemporal and taxonomic phenological data may be obtained: mobilized herbaria, community science initiatives, observatory networks, and remote sensing. However, analyses conducted to date have generally relied on single sources of these data. Siloed treatment of data in analyses may be due to the lack of harmonization across different data sources that offer partially nonoverlapping information and are often complementary. Such treatment precludes a deeper understanding of phenological responses at varying macroecological scales. Here, we describe a detailed vision for the harmonization of phenological data, including the direct integration of disparate sources of phenological data using a common schema. Specifically, we highlight existing methods for data harmonization that can be applied to phenological data: data design patterns, metadata standards, and ontologies. We describe how harmonized data from multiple sources can be integrated into analyses using existing methods and discuss the use of automated extraction techniques. Data harmonization is not a new concept in ecology, but the harmonization of phenological data is overdue. We aim to highlight the need for better data harmonization, providing a roadmap for how harmonized phenological data may fill gaps while simultaneously being integrated into analyses.},
}

@article {pmid40449428,
year = {2025},
author = {Hussain, M and Ullah, K and Tayyab, M and Ullah, S and Shah, AA and Zhang, J and Tong, Z and Liu, X and Rahman, ZU},
title = {Data-driven multi-hazard susceptibility and community perceptions assessment using a mixed-methods approach.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {388},
number = {},
pages = {126009},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126009},
pmid = {40449428},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {Humans ; Floods ; Pakistan ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Perception ; Climate Change ; Disaster Planning ; Landslides ; Geographic Information Systems ; },
abstract = {Assessing multi-hazard susceptibility and understanding community insights are important for effective disaster risk management; however, limited research has been conducted to study these aspects together. This study uses a data-driven approach to assess multi-hazard susceptibility and community perceptions, aiming to deepen climate change mitigation strategies. We employed a two-stage framework in Eastern Hindukush, Pakistan, which is based on machine learning, remote sensing, geographical information systems, and index-based methods. In the first stage, flood and landslide inventories were generated, and predictive factors were analyzed using logistic regression, resulting in an integrated multi-hazard susceptibility map. In the second stage, a survey of 410 household heads assessed community risk perception, communication, and preparedness, using a structured questionnaire with 28 Likert-scale indicators, and a composite index was calculated. The findings indicate that 25.81 % and 35.43 % of the study area are susceptible to flooding and landslides, respectively, with 15.07 % vulnerable to both hazards concurrently. On the other hand, the community is generally aware of flood and landslide risks; however, there are significant gaps in coping abilities and preparedness, including insufficient insurance coverage and training. Moreover, socioeconomic challenges, such as limited access to information and low trust in local authorities, further complicate disaster preparedness efforts. This study provides a holistic framework for identifying multi-hazard hotspots and assessing community perceptions, facilitating targeted interventions to enhance disaster preparedness and resilience in the region.},
}

Humans
Floods
Pakistan
Surveys and Questionnaires
Perception
Climate Change
Disaster Planning
Landslides
Geographic Information Systems

@article {pmid40468364,
year = {2025},
author = {Pan, X and Shan, Z and Tian, X and Niu, Y and Liu, Y and Li, Z and Li, Y and Huang, Y and Ye, J},
title = {Evaluating conservation gaps of China's national key protected wild plants: insights from county-level distribution data.},
journal = {BMC biology},
volume = {23},
number = {1},
pages = {156},
pmid = {40468364},
issn = {1741-7007},
support = {202206193000001//Shenzhen Science and Technology Program/ ; 20220816162653003//Shenzhen Science and Technology Program/ ; 32270233//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32200177//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2022YFF0802300//National Key Research Development Program of China/ ; 2023BSZR014//Doctoral Research Foundation of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine/ ; Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Word No. 3 (2024)//Construction of National Heritage Studio for Old Medicine Workers/ ; },
mesh = {*Conservation of Natural Resources ; China ; *Endangered Species ; *Plants/classification ; Biodiversity ; Databases, Factual ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The National Key Protected Wild Plants (NKPWPs) list serves as China's primary legal framework for plant diversity protection, with the species categorized into Level I (critically endangered, strictly protected) and Level II (lower risk but still requiring protection). However, the geographical distribution of these species and gaps in their conservation remain elusive due to the limited availability of data on species distribution. Thus, to address these gaps and support precise conservation, we developed a county-level distribution database for the NKPWP species using information primarily sourced from literature. Using this database, we elucidated the geographical distribution patterns of NKPWPs and identified the gaps in both in situ and ex situ conservation.

RESULTS: The NKPWPs analyzed in the study included 1,128 plant species. We compiled a county-level distribution database for these species with 30,397 records. Detailed analysis of this data revealed that these species were concentrated in the mountainous regions of southern China, including the Eastern Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains, south Yunnan, the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi border, and the Wuling Mountains. Among the 1,118 embryophyte species of the checklist, 1,060 (94.81%) were found conserved in situ, 681 (60.91%) were found conserved ex situ, and 660 (59.03%) through both approaches. Besides, species with a higher threat level and limited distribution range exhibited lower conservation coverage in both ex situ and in situ approaches; 37 species received no conservation (3.31%).

CONCLUSIONS: The county-level distribution database developed in this study comprehensively depicts the geographical distribution patterns of NKPWP in China, offering valuable data for planning species conservation and providing a foundational framework for addressing the existing gaps in their conservation across China. This database will ultimately support targeted conservation and resource allocation to protect plant diversity effectively. We also suggest adopting an integrated evaluation approach for conservation strategies in other areas, globally, or for other biological groups.},
}

*Conservation of Natural Resources
China
*Endangered Species
*Plants/classification
Biodiversity
Databases, Factual

@article {pmid40465754,
year = {2025},
author = {Duan, Z and Wang, G and Hu, J and Yu, T and Chen, S and Zhang, Y and Wang, Y and Liu, H and Zhao, X and Chen, H},
title = {Spatiotemporal dynamics of northern Caspian shorelines (1985-2023) and implications for coastal management: Lessons from the Aral Sea.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {20},
number = {6},
pages = {e0325546},
pmid = {40465754},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Oceans and Seas ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis ; Ecosystem ; Geographic Information Systems ; Biodiversity ; },
abstract = {Dynamic changes to the northern Caspian Sea shoreline have significant ecological implications, including impacts to biodiversity and the surrounding environment. This study employs Landsat datasets, historical records, and geographic information systems (GIS) to quantitatively analyze spatiotemporal variations along the northern Caspian Sea coastline from 1985 to 2023. The findings demonstrate pronounced cyclic variations in the Caspian Sea's water level. Compared to 1930, the water level decreased by 2.6 m by 2023, with 1935 marking the onset of a significant downward trend. From 1995 to 2023, a pronounced decline in the water level at a rate of 6.1 cm/year was observed. Multiscale temporal oscillations in water levels revealed periodic rises and falls with cycles ranging from 6-8 years to 10-16 years. Due to the broad and shallow morphology of the northern Caspian Sea, fluctuations in water level have resulted in significant displacements of the northern coastline. Between 1985 and 2023, the shoreline length decreased by 262 km, which is equivalent to a 17% reduction. The intensity of the coastline length index reached a critical point during from 2010 to 2015, after which it declined sharply by 3.67. By 2023, the coastline had shifted seaward by 1.33 × 10[4] km2 relative to that in 1985. This continuous retreat of the shoreline poses a severe threat to the ecological stability of the northern Caspian Sea. If the trend persists, then the disappearance of the eastern basin of the South Aral Sea may be replicated in the northern Caspian Sea by 2100. These findings provide critical insights for formulating effective coastal management strategies and conservation initiatives.},
}

Oceans and Seas
*Conservation of Natural Resources
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Ecosystem
Geographic Information Systems
Biodiversity

@article {pmid40463795,
year = {2025},
author = {Petrou, E and Davies, H and Aoun, M and Radford, AD and Singleton, D and Noble, PM and Killick, DR},
title = {First opinion practice electronic health records are a useful source of descriptions of medication errors.},
journal = {Frontiers in veterinary science},
volume = {12},
number = {},
pages = {1560652},
pmid = {40463795},
issn = {2297-1769},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Medication error (MedE) is a leading global cause of harm in human healthcare with significance both in patient morbidity and mortality, and consequent legal and financial issues. Despite this, MedEs are a poorly explored area in veterinary medicine. Research has so far focussed on survey work and errors spontaneously reported to third parties, such as professional indemnity providers.

AIM: Determine if MedEs can be successfully identified in first opinion electronic health records (EHRs).

ANIMALS: EHRs pertaining to animals treated in UK first opinion practice.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Regular expressions (REGEX) were designed (with assistance from a domain expert) to identify explicit reference to MedEs in the SAVSNET EHR dataset. Identified MedEs were then classified by the linear sequence of medication therapy, the degree of harm caused, the role of the person who made the error, and the medication type involved.

RESULTS: In total, 6,665 EHRs were identified by the REGEX, of which a random 2,847 were manually reviewed, with 1,023 (35.9%) matching the MedEs case definition. Of these MedEs, 29.5% (n = 302) caused mild harm to the patient, 2.8% (n = 27) moderate harm and 0.2% (n = 2) severe harm. MedEs were most frequent during the "drug administered" phase (51.4%) and within this phase, "dosing errors" were most common (68.1%). The most common medication types, associated with "drug administered" phase MedEs were vaccinations (27.1%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (19.0%).

CONCLUSION: EHRs are a useful source of data on MedEs. MedEs are a common cause of patient harm in veterinary practice. The data provided here highlights drug classes at higher risk of problems for which mitigating action and/or education interventions are indicated.},
}

@article {pmid40463267,
year = {2025},
author = {Brook, JBH and Salo, T and Luo, AC and Bagautdinova, J and Rush, S and Alexander-Bloch, AF and Baller, EB and Calkins, ME and Cieslak, M and Cooper, EC and Detre, JA and Elliot, MA and Fair, DA and Freedman, P and Gehrman, PR and Gur, RC and Gur, RE and Klein, A and Laney, N and Laumann, TO and Mehta, K and Merikangas, K and Milham, MP and Mitchell, JA and Moore, TM and Nelson, SM and Ruparel, K and Sevchik, BL and Shanmugan, S and Shou, H and Taso, M and White, LK and Wolf, DH and Tisdall, MD and Roalf, DR and Satterthwaite, TD},
title = {An open, fully-processed data resource for studying mood and sleep variability in the developing brain.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40463267},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Brain development during adolescence and early adulthood coincides with shifts in emotion regulation and sleep. Despite this, few existing datasets simultaneously characterize affective dynamics, sleep variation, and multimodal measures of brain development. Here, we describe the study protocol and initial release (n = 10) of an open data resource of neuroimaging paired with densely sampled behavioral measures in adolescents and young adults. All participants complete multi-echo functional MRI, compressed-sensing diffusion MRI, and advanced arterial spin-labeled MRI. Behavioral measures include ecological momentary assessment, actigraphy, extensive cognitive assessments, and detailed clinical phenotyping focused on emotion regulation. Raw and processed data are openly available without a data use agreement and will be regularly updated as accrual continues. Together, this resource will accelerate research on the links between mood, sleep, and brain development.},
}

@article {pmid40455595,
year = {2025},
author = {Fetters, AM and Cantalupo, PG and Robles, MTS and Pipas, JM and Ashman, TL},
title = {Sharing Pollinators and Viruses: Virus Diversity of Pollen in a Co-Flowering Community.},
journal = {Integrative and comparative biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/icb/icaf073},
pmid = {40455595},
issn = {1557-7023},
abstract = {Co-flowering plant species frequently share pollinators, flower-inhabiting bacteria, and fungi, but whether pollen-associated viruses are shared is unknown. Given that pollen-associated viruses are sexually transmitted diseases, their diversity is expected to increase with pollinator sharing. We conducted a metagenomic study to identify pollen-associated viruses from 18 co-flowering plant species to determine whether 1) life history, floral traits, or pollination generalism were associated with viral richness, and 2) plants shared pollen-associated viruses. We demonstrated that pollination generalism influences pollen-associated virus richness and the extent of pollen virus sharing between plant species. We also revealed that perenniality, multiple flowers, and bilateral floral symmetry were associated with high pollen viral richness locally, confirming and extending patterns observed previously at a continental scale. Our results highlight the importance of plant-pollinator interactions as drivers of plant-viral interaction diversity.},
}

@article {pmid40450230,
year = {2025},
author = {Leung, WKC and Yau, CYC and Lam, SC},
title = {Facilitators, barriers, and recommendations for mobile health applications among Chinese older populations: a scoping review.},
journal = {BMC geriatrics},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {396},
pmid = {40450230},
issn = {1471-2318},
support = {CRG2023/01//Tung Wah College/ ; CRG2023/01//Tung Wah College/ ; },
mesh = {Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; China ; *COVID-19/epidemiology ; *Mobile Applications ; *Telemedicine ; East Asian People ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) applications have become indispensable in people's daily lives and are now incorporated into a multitude of healthcare services. However, due to inappropriate designs and ineffective promotional strategies, the rates of uptake and continued use of mHealth applications in older adults are usually low. Given that recent evidence has reported distinct mHealth adoption patterns between Chinese and non-Chinese populations, the aim of this scoping review was to map relevant evidence on the end-user perceptions and age-appropriate recommendations for interface design, persuasive features, and promotional strategies among Chinese older adults.

METHODS: All primary studies conducted in Chinese older people aged 60 + years, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research, examining end-user perceptions (e.g., motivators, barriers, and design) of mHealth applications were considered eligible for inclusion. Four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Medline) were searched from their inceptions through 31 May 2024. A narrative approach was adopted for data analyses relevant to the study aim.

RESULTS: A total of 23 studies (n = 8,203) were included. End-user perceptions (facilitators and barriers) of older people were narratively synthesized according to the socio-ecological model (individual/product, interpersonal, community, and societal). In Chinese deaf and hard-of-hearing older adults, the lack of proficiency in mastering operations of smartphone, Internet, and mHealth applications greatly jeopardized their communication with family or friends, accessibility to online medical consultations, and access to public places amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Recommended interface designs were categorized into various aspects of functional impairments (vision, manual dexterity, and cognition) of elderly users. Seven promotional strategies were also highlighted, whereas more than half of the studies recommended education measures (e.g., personalized family/peer- or health professional-led training program) and technical support (e.g., face-to-face instructions, detailed manual instructions, and timely consultation services). Other recommendations included increased publicity, co-creation, and supportive government policies.

CONCLUSION: This review synthesizes the existing relevant evidence and hence provides age-friendly recommendations for interface designs, persuasive features, and promotional strategies in Chinese older populations. Overall, this study empirically offers actionable guidelines for mHealth developers to meet the multifaceted needs of older people.},
}

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Humans
Middle Aged
China
*COVID-19/epidemiology
*Mobile Applications
*Telemedicine
East Asian People

@article {pmid40443799,
year = {2025},
author = {Broad, GR and Lees, DC and Boyes, D and , and , and , and , and , and , and , and , },
title = {The genome sequence of the Straw-barred Pearl moth, Pyrausta despicata Scopoli, 1763.},
journal = {Wellcome open research},
volume = {10},
number = {},
pages = {151},
pmid = {40443799},
issn = {2398-502X},
abstract = {We present a genome assembly from a male specimen of Pyrausta despicata (Straw-barred Pearl; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 481.83 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.61%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.29 kilobases.},
}

@article {pmid40442647,
year = {2025},
author = {Maździarz, M and Zając, S and Paukszto, Ł and Sawicki, J},
title = {RSCUcaller: an R package for analyzing differences in relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU).},
journal = {BMC bioinformatics},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {141},
pmid = {40442647},
issn = {1471-2105},
support = {2024/53/N/NZ8/02829//The National Science Center Kraków, Poland/ ; 12.610.002-110//University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn/ ; },
mesh = {*Codon Usage ; *Software ; *Codon ; *Computational Biology/methods ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Synonymous codon usage bias, a significant factor in gene expression and genome evolution, was extensively studied in genomics and molecular biology. Although the genetic code is universal, significant variations in synonymous codon usage have been observed among and within organisms. This bias was linked to various factors, including gene expression levels, tRNA abundance, protein structure, and environmental adaptation. Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU), a normalized measure, was used to quantify this bias. By analyzing RSCU values, researchers uncovered patterns and trends related to the underlying mechanisms driving codon usage bias.

RESULTS: We present an R package named RSCUcaller designed for the analysis of coding nucleotide sequences at the level of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU). The package enables both visualization of data and the performance of advanced statistical analyses. RSCUcaller accepts as input a multi-fasta file containing coding sequences (CDS) and an accompanying description table. Alternatively, the user may provide separate fasta files for each sequence along with the corresponding table. The program merges the provided sequences and calculates RSCU values for each. Implemented visualization features include creating heatmaps and dendrograms based on these heatmaps. Furthermore, the package allows for the presentation of data in the form of histograms. The calculated RSCU values can also be used to create matrices that can be subjected to further analysis by the user. RSCUcaller offers the functionality of correlation analysis between any two organisms. Additionally, to compare the frequency of amino acid occurrence between different groups of sequences, statistical tests have been implemented.

CONCLUSIONS: RSCUcaller enabled comparative RSCU analysis between coding sequences of different organisms or individuals of the same species. It facilitated visualization and statistical analysis among codons and user-defined groups. The RSCUcaller package is available at https://github.com/Mordziarz/RSCUcaller under the GPL-3 license.},
}

*Codon Usage
*Software
*Codon
*Computational Biology/methods

@article {pmid40442224,
year = {2025},
author = {Sun, Y and Meng, W and Wang, F and Han, H and Sui, M and Jian, Z},
title = {Spatio-temporal evolution and coupling relationship between biodiversity and urbanization in the areas along the Yellow River of Shandong province.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {18876},
pmid = {40442224},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {20221830//cultivation platform for integrating production, science, and education jointly built by Shandong Province and Peking University/ ; 42301320//National Natural Science Fund of China/ ; },
mesh = {*Biodiversity ; *Urbanization ; China ; *Rivers ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis ; Ecosystem ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Sustainable Development ; },
abstract = {Mastering the coupling relationship and driving mechanism between urbanization and biodiversity is of great significance to ecological protection and regional sustainable development. The study took areas along the Yellow River of Shandong province (AYRSP) as the study area, which have the most rich and unique biodiversity resources in the whole basin. First, this study constructed a new indicator system of biodiversity based on remote-sensing data from species, ecosystem, and landscape to monitor and evaluate the spatial heterogeneity. The result was quantified by the proportion of key biodiversity areas, based on Sustainable Development Goal 15.1.2 from The United Nations. Then, the urbanization system was evaluated based on panel data. At last, the coordination relationship, lead-lag type between biodiversity and urbanization, and key influencing factors of coupling system at the county scale in 2015-2021 were identified by combining multiple models. The results demonstrated that the biodiversity level was gradually declining, with a distribution pattern of "low in the western, and high in mid-southern and eastern regions." The AYRSP still faced certain challenges in the sustainable development of biodiversity. The coupling coordination degree between biodiversity and urbanization showed an increasing trend with continuous improvement in the urbanization level. Only two counties were types of biodiversity-urbanization synchronous development. The results of grey relation degree model indicated that most of indicators were above 0.6 and the urbanization had a significant impact on the coupling system. This study established the evaluation system for biodiversity and urbanization at the small scale, which could provide theoretical reference for the sustainable development of county-level administrative region.},
}

*Biodiversity
*Urbanization
China
*Rivers
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Ecosystem
Conservation of Natural Resources
Sustainable Development

@article {pmid40441709,
year = {2025},
author = {Dang, T and Fuji, Y and Kumaishi, K and Usui, E and Kobori, S and Sato, T and Narukawa, M and Toda, Y and Sakurai, K and Yamasaki, Y and Tsujimoto, H and Hirai, MY and Ichihashi, Y and Iwata, H},
title = {I-SVVS: integrative stochastic variational variable selection to explore joint patterns of multi-omics microbiome data.},
journal = {Briefings in bioinformatics},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {},
pmid = {40441709},
issn = {1477-4054},
support = {JP21J21850//JSPS KAKENHI/ ; JPMJCR1602//JST-CREST Program/ ; JPMJMI120C7//JST-Mirai Program/ ; JPMJAN23D1//JST ALCA-Next Program/ ; },
mesh = {*Microbiota ; Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Stochastic Processes ; Bayes Theorem ; Glycine max/microbiology ; *Metabolomics/methods ; Algorithms ; *Computational Biology/methods ; Metabolome ; Cluster Analysis ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {High-dimensional multi-omics microbiome data play an important role in elucidating microbial community interactions with their hosts and environment in critical diseases and ecological changes. Although Bayesian clustering methods have recently been used for the integrated analysis of multi-omics data, no method designed to analyze multi-omics microbiome data has been proposed. In this study, we propose a novel framework called integrative stochastic variational variable selection (I-SVVS), which is an extension of stochastic variational variable selection for high-dimensional microbiome data. The I-SVVS approach addresses a specific Bayesian mixture model for each type of omics data, such as an infinite Dirichlet multinomial mixture model for microbiome data and an infinite Gaussian mixture model for metabolomic data. This approach is expected to reduce the computational time of the clustering process and improve the accuracy of the clustering results. Additionally, I-SVVS identifies a critical set of representative variables in multi-omics microbiome data. Three datasets from soybean, mice, and humans (each set integrated microbiome and metabolome) were used to demonstrate the potential of I-SVVS. The results indicate that I-SVVS achieved improved accuracy and faster computation compared to existing methods across all test datasets. It effectively identified key microbiome species and metabolites characterizing each cluster. For instance, the computational analysis of the soybean dataset, including 377 samples with 16 943 microbiome species and 265 metabolome features, was completed in 2.18 hours using I-SVVS, compared to 2.35 days with Clusternomics and 1.12 days with iClusterPlus. The software for this analysis, written in Python, is freely available at https://github.com/tungtokyo1108/I-SVVS.},
}

*Microbiota
Mice
Animals
Humans
Stochastic Processes
Bayes Theorem
Glycine max/microbiology
*Metabolomics/methods
Algorithms
*Computational Biology/methods
Metabolome
Cluster Analysis
Multiomics

@article {pmid40440249,
year = {2025},
author = {Guevara Rodríguez, DM and Pichihua Grandez, JD and Dianderas, FV and Del Carmen Sara, J},
title = {Incidence of cerebrovascular disease in Peru from 2015 to 2023.},
journal = {PLOS global public health},
volume = {5},
number = {5},
pages = {e0004559},
pmid = {40440249},
issn = {2767-3375},
abstract = {Cerebrovascular disease (stroke) is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to estimate the incidence of stroke in Peru between 2015 and 2023 using national hospital discharge data provided by the National Health Superintendency. We conducted a mixed ecological study using records of stroke cases reported across various healthcare systems, including the Ministry of Health, Social Security, and private entities. Hospitalizations were categorized according to ICD-10 codes (I60-I64) and stratified by age, sex, and region. Incidence rates were calculated using population projections from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics. A total of 89,776 hospital discharges for stroke were analyzed, yielding an incidence rate of 3.11 per 10,000 persons over the study period, with a predominance in men and individuals over 60 years of age. Cerebral infarction was the most common diagnosis, particularly among those over 40 years old. Incidence varied significantly across regions, with Lima and Callao consistently exceeding the national average. The results highlight disparities in healthcare access and the need for targeted public health interventions. Our findings provide a 9-year overview of stroke in Peru, offering evidence to estimate hospital bed demand and prioritize preventive and management strategies-particularly in regions with higher vulnerability.},
}

@article {pmid40381407,
year = {2025},
author = {Lei, L and Sha, W and Liu, Q and Liu, S and Zhou, Y and Li, R and Duan, Y and Fu, S and Li, H and Liao, R and Li, L and Zhou, R and Zhou, C and Liu, H},
title = {Hepatotoxic effects of exposure to different concentrations of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in Schizothorax prenanti: Insights from a multi-omics analysis.},
journal = {Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
volume = {285},
number = {},
pages = {107390},
doi = {10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107390},
pmid = {40381407},
issn = {1879-1514},
mesh = {*Dibutyl Phthalate/toxicity ; Animals ; *Liver/drug effects/pathology/metabolism ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; *Cyprinidae/physiology ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most widely used phthalate esters (PAEs) that raise increasing ecotoxicological concerns due to their harmful effects on living organisms and ecosystems. Recently, while PAEs pollution in the Yangtze River has attracted significant attention, little research has been conducted on the impact of PAEs stress on S. prenanti, an endemic and valuable species in the Yangtze River. In this study, one control group (C-L) and three experimental groups: T1-L (3 µg/L), T2-L (30 µg/L), and T3-L (300 µg/L) were established with reference to the DBP concentration in the environment. For the first time, we investigated the effects of DBP stress on the liver of S. prenanti using histomorphological, physiological, and biochemical indexes, as well as a joint multi-omics analysis. The results revealed that compared to the C-L group, liver structural damage and stress were not significant in the environmental concentration group (T1-L) and the number of differential genes and differential metabolites were lower. However, as DBP stress concentration increased, the liver damage became severe, with significant vacuolation and hemolysis observed in the T2-L and T3-L groups. The TUNEL assay revealed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells along with a notable rise in differential genes and metabolites in the T2-L and T3-L groups. Oxidative stress markers (T-AOC, SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX) were also significantly higher in the T2-L and T3-L groups. RNA-Seq analysis showed that the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway was most significantly -enriched differential gene pathway shared by both C-L vs T2-L and C-L vs T3-L, with most of the genes in this pathway showing significant up-regulation. This suggests that the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway may play a key role in protecting the liver from injuries caused by high DBP stress. Interestingly, C XI, C XII, C XIII, C XIV and C XV in the chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species pathway were significantly down-regulated in the T2-L and T3-L groups based on combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, suggesting that DBP causes liver injury by disrupting mitochondria. This comprehensive histomorphometric and multi-omics study demonstrated that the current DBP concentration in the habitat of S. prenanti in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River temporarily causes less liver damage. However, with increasing of DBP concentration, DBP could still cause serious liver damage to S. prenanti. This study provides a new mechanistic understanding of the liver response mechanism of S. prenanti under different concentrations of DBP stress and offers basic data for the ecological protection of the Yangtze River.},
}

*Dibutyl Phthalate/toxicity
Animals
*Liver/drug effects/pathology/metabolism
*Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
*Cyprinidae/physiology
Oxidative Stress/drug effects
Multiomics

@article {pmid40288322,
year = {2025},
author = {Zhou, H and Wu, Z and Wang, X and Jiang, L and Sun, H and Li, H and Yan, Z and Wang, Y and Yao, X and Zhang, C and Tang, J},
title = {6PPD-quinone exposure induces oxidative damage and physiological disruption in Eisenia fetida: An integrated analysis of phenotypes, multi-omics, and intestinal microbiota.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {493},
number = {},
pages = {138334},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138334},
pmid = {40288322},
issn = {1873-3336},
mesh = {*Oligochaeta/drug effects/physiology/metabolism ; Animals ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; *Soil Pollutants/toxicity ; *Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; *Phenylenediamines/toxicity ; Phenotype ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Metabolomics ; Transcriptome/drug effects ; Multiomics ; Benzoquinones ; },
abstract = {The environmental prevalence of the tire wear-derived emerging pollutant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q) has increasingly raised public concern. However, knowledge of the adverse effects of 6PPD-Q on soil fauna is scarce. In this study, we elucidated its impact on soil fauna, specifically on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Our investigation encompassed phenotypic, multi-omics, and microbiota analyses to assess earthworm responses to a gradient of 6PPD-Q contamination (10, 100, 1000, and 5000 μg/kg dw soil). Post-28-day exposure, 6PPD-Q was found to bioaccumulate in earthworms, triggering reactive oxygen species production and consequent oxidative damage to coelomic and intestinal tissues. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling revealed several physiological perturbations, including inflammation, immune dysfunction, metabolic imbalances, and genetic toxicity. Moreover, 6PPD-Q perturbed the intestinal microbiota, with high dosages significantly suppressing microbial functions linked to metabolism and information processing (P < 0.05). These alterations were accompanied by increased mortality and weight loss in the earthworms. Specifically, at an environmental concentration of 6PPD-Q (1000 μg/kg), we observed a substantial reduction in survival rate and physiological disruptions. This study provides important insights into the environmental hazards of 6PPD-Q to soil biota and reveals the underlying toxicological mechanisms, underscoring the need for further research to mitigate its ecological footprint.},
}

*Oligochaeta/drug effects/physiology/metabolism
Animals
*Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects
*Soil Pollutants/toxicity
*Oxidative Stress/drug effects
*Phenylenediamines/toxicity
Phenotype
Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
Metabolomics
Transcriptome/drug effects
Multiomics
Benzoquinones

@article {pmid40233751,
year = {2025},
author = {McKenzie, PF and Berardi, AE and Hopkins, R},
title = {Delayed flowering phenology of red-flowering plants in response to hummingbird migration.},
journal = {Current biology : CB},
volume = {35},
number = {9},
pages = {2175-2182.e3},
pmid = {40233751},
issn = {1879-0445},
support = {R35 GM142742/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {*Birds ; Animals ; *Flowers/growth & development/physiology ; Animal Migration ; Pollination ; North America ; Datasets as Topic ; Seasons ; Pigmentation ; Time Factors ; *Magnoliopsida/physiology ; Crowdsourcing ; },
abstract = {The radiation of angiosperms is marked by a phenomenal diversity of floral size, shape, color, scent, and reward.[1][,][2][,][3][,][4] The multi-dimensional response to selection to optimize pollination has generated correlated suites of these floral traits across distantly related species, known as "pollination syndromes."[5][,][6][,][7][,][8][,][9] The ability to test the broad utility of pollination syndromes and expand upon the generalities of these syndromes is constrained by limited trait data, creating a need for new approaches that can integrate vast, unstructured records from community-science platforms. Here, we compile the largest North American flower color dataset to date, using GPT-4 with Vision to classify color in over 11,000 species across more than 1.6 million iNaturalist observations. We discover that red- and orange-flowering species (classic "hummingbird pollination" colors) bloom later in eastern North America compared with other colors, corresponding to the arrival of migratory hummingbirds. Our findings reveal how seasonal flowering phenology, in addition to floral color and morphology, can contribute to the hummingbird pollination syndrome in regions where these pollinators are migratory. Our results highlight phenology as an underappreciated dimension of pollination syndromes and underscore the utility of integrating artificial intelligence with community-science data. The potential breadth of analysis offered by community-science datasets, combined with emerging data extraction techniques, could accelerate discoveries about the evolutionary and ecological drivers of biological diversity.},
}

*Birds
Animals
*Flowers/growth & development/physiology
Animal Migration
Pollination
North America
Datasets as Topic
Seasons
Pigmentation
Time Factors
*Magnoliopsida/physiology
Crowdsourcing

@article {pmid40435619,
year = {2025},
author = {Matuszewska, D and Kiedrzyńska, E and Jóźwik, A and Kiedrzyński, M},
title = {An analysis of catchment factors associated with heavy metal export into the Baltic Sea and nature-based solutions aimed at its limitation.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {494},
number = {},
pages = {138727},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138727},
pmid = {40435619},
issn = {1873-3336},
abstract = {The aim of the article was to determine the shares of individual Baltic countries participating in the inflow of metal loads to the Baltic Sea and identify patterns of similarity between these countries regarding the causes of heavy metal load generation. The analyses used HELCOM and EUROSTAT data. The findings indicate that Finland and Sweden generate the highest total loads of heavy metals flowing in through rivers. However, Lithuania and Finland are distinguished by high metal loads calculated per km[2] of catchment area. Clustering countries in terms of their similarity in the heavy metal loads provided to the Baltic resulted in three groups. Finland and Lithuania generates the highest mean loads of cadmium, chromium, nickel and zinc per unit area [kg/km[2]/year]. Estonia and Latvia generates the highest mean annual loads of lead, mercury and copper. Poland, Germany and Sweden generates the lowest heavy metal loads. Multidimensional data analysis showed a strong correlation between aquaculture production in the Baltic Sea catchment area, the number of cattle, beef, mutton, pigs, poultry, and meat produced from them, the amount of waste, trucks, cereal production, the use of nitrogen fertilizers, and the loads of heavy metals reaching the Baltic Sea with river waters. Therefore, there is a need for continuous monitoring of the loads and transfer of heavy metals to the Baltic Sea, and for activities aimed at eliminating them from the environment. For this purpose, Nature-Based Solutions can be used, as they represent inexpensive, nature-friendly methods for removing pollutants from surface waters.},
}

@article {pmid39890763,
year = {2025},
author = {Kuru, A and Yüzer, MA and Yüzer, AŞ and Güney, BG and Yüzer, ME},
title = {Integrated site selection model for industrial areas: case study for İnegöl furniture industry.},
journal = {Environmental science and pollution research international},
volume = {32},
number = {8},
pages = {4771-4793},
pmid = {39890763},
issn = {1614-7499},
mesh = {*Interior Design and Furnishings ; *Industry ; Noise ; Odorants/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Geographic Information Systems ; *Environment ; },
abstract = {Industrial activities in the central area have adverse effects such as noise, odor, and traffic congestion. Simultaneously, due to changing technological and economic advances, existing industrial areas cannot meet the needs, spatial inadequacies obstruct competition, and production capacity decreases. Decentralizing industrial activities from urban centers are ecologically and economically necessary. Various elements on a macro and micro scale need to be considered to select suitable sites for new industrial areas. Natural, socioeconomic, and built environment features must be examined to ensure sustainability. The objective of this study is to develop an integrated industrial site location model that considers the needs of authorities and industrial stakeholders, as well as economic and ecological sustainability for the İnegöl district, one of Turkey's leading settlements in the furniture industry. Thirty-seven criteria were evaluated using GIS based multi-criteria decision making methods. The criteria were defined through spatial analysis, expert opinions, and in-depth interviews with industry and local government representatives. Using weighted linear combination process the five sub-regions exhibiting the lowest economic costs and the least environmental degradation have been identified. Advantages and disadvantages were identified through the use of sketches and comparisons between the sub-regions. A decision support system was developed for local and central government institutions to be used in industrial site selection processes.},
}

*Interior Design and Furnishings
*Industry
Noise
Odorants/analysis
Environmental Monitoring
Socioeconomic Factors
Geographic Information Systems
*Environment

@article {pmid40435606,
year = {2025},
author = {Guo, J and Xie, Y and Dou, X and Qi, W and Liao, Y and Cao, X and Peng, J and Liu, H},
title = {Combining source identification and risk assessment to uncover spatial risk patterns in an agricultural lake.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {387},
number = {},
pages = {125966},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125966},
pmid = {40435606},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {*Lakes ; Agriculture ; *Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Risk Assessment ; Geologic Sediments ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Bayes Theorem ; Water Quality ; Rivers ; },
abstract = {Pollutant source identification and risk assessment underpin environmental management, necessitating innovative methods for both pollution source identification and comprehensive evaluation to enhance management efficiency. In this study, we developed a novel integrated framework that combines Bayesian isotope mixing, positive matrix factorization (PMF), random forest, and spatial autocorrelation for multi-pollutant source identification and risk assessment. The Bayesian isotope mixing model revealed that fertilizers accounted for 61 % of the nitrate in the lake and 46 % of the nitrate in the river. Furthermore, PMF analysis indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments and soil were primarily sourced from vehicular emissions (32 %), while heavy metals (40 %) were mainly from vehicular emissions and agricultural activities. Using a comprehensive pollution assessment framework for water and sediment quality, we found that water quality ranged from "medium" to "excellent", and sediment quality ranged from "good" to "excellent". Among various evaluation indices, CODMn, As, F[-], TP, Pb, and Zn were pivotal in determining comprehensive water quality. Key indices for sediment quality evaluation included Flua, BaP, BaA, Pyr, Ant, Pb, and As, primarily sourced from automobile emissions and agricultural activities. Spatial autocorrelation analysis demonstrated a spatial relationship between water quality and sediment quality, covering 43 % of the area. High-pollution areas (13 %) were concentrated around natural river inlets, while low-pollution zones (17 %) were located near ecological water replenishment river inlets. This underscores the significant influence of inflowing water quality on sediment conditions. This study highlights the development of a comprehensive pollution assessment framework to evaluate sediment and soil pollution, as well as to identify high-risk zones of compound pollution in water and sediment. Furthermore, the framework's universal applicability for agricultural lake systems enables the identification of high-risk zones through water-sediment interaction analysis.},
}

*Lakes
Agriculture
*Environmental Monitoring/methods
Risk Assessment
Geologic Sediments
Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis
Metals, Heavy/analysis
Bayes Theorem
Water Quality
Rivers

@article {pmid40435494,
year = {2025},
author = {Berger, M and Ehlers, JP and Nitsche, J},
title = {Aligning With the Goals of the Planetary Health Concept Regarding Ecological Sustainability and Digital Health: Scoping Review.},
journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
volume = {27},
number = {},
pages = {e71795},
doi = {10.2196/71795},
pmid = {40435494},
issn = {1438-8871},
mesh = {*Telemedicine ; Climate Change ; Humans ; Global Health ; Delivery of Health Care ; Artificial Intelligence ; Digital Health ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions, threatens human health and biodiversity. While the digitalization of health care, including telemedicine and artificial intelligence, offers sustainability benefits, it also raises concerns about energy use and electronic waste. Balancing these factors is key to a sustainable health care future.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to examine the extent to which digitalization in the health care sector influences environmental sustainability. Specifically, it aimed to assess how digitalization can contribute to reducing the health care sector's impact on global climate change. From these findings, conclusions were drawn regarding the extent to which digitalization aligns with the objectives of the Planetary Health movement and how these 2 movements may mutually reinforce each other.

METHODS: A scoping review guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guidelines using databases such as PubMed and Scopus was conducted, and 58 quantitative studies from 2009 to 2024 were analyzed for environmental, social, and economic outcomes aligned with Planetary Health goals.

RESULTS: This review analyzed 58 studies on the environmental impact of digitalization in health care primarily focusing on telemedicine, which was examined in 91% (53/58) of the studies. Most studies (56/58, 97%) quantified transport-related emissions avoided through digitalization, with some also assessing emissions from health care facilities, medical equipment, and energy consumption. Findings indicated that telemedicine significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions, with total avoided emissions amounting to approximately 830 million kg. A substantial proportion of the studies (36/58, 62%) focused on social aspects, highlighting factors such as patient satisfaction, time efficiency, and overall convenience. In addition, economic considerations were analyzed in 48% (28/58) of the studies, emphasizing cost reductions and resource optimization. However, only 12% (7/58) of the studies evaluated the full life cycle impact of digital technologies, highlighting the need for further research on their long-term environmental sustainability.

CONCLUSIONS: This review calls for further research beyond telemedicine, advocating for life cycle analyses and actionable strategies for a sustainable digitalization in health care systems. The Planetary Health framework is highlighted as a guide for ensuring sustainable digital transformation in health care.},
}

*Telemedicine
Climate Change
Humans
Global Health
Delivery of Health Care
Artificial Intelligence
Digital Health

@article {pmid39892263,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, W and Liu, Y and Shao, H and Iravani, M and Yu, Z and Weber, M},
title = {Developing a cloud-based WebGIS tool for communicating integrated ecosystem services assessment modeling to conservation stakeholders.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {375},
number = {},
pages = {124372},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124372},
pmid = {39892263},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {*Cloud Computing ; *Geographic Information Systems ; Ecosystem ; *Agriculture/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data ; Environmental Monitoring ; Models, Statistical ; Farms/economics/statistics & numerical data ; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ; Alberta ; Agroecology/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data ; Stakeholder Participation ; Hydrology ; },
abstract = {Various modeling efforts have been conducted to evaluate ecosystem services (ES) of agricultural conservation practices but typically these models are too complex for conservation stakeholders to use. This research developed a cloud-based WebGIS tool for communicating integrated ES modeling to conservation stakeholders. The integrated ES modeling was developed by linking farm economic, watershed hydrologic, and soil carbon modeling within a spatial optimization framework for identifying conservation practices to minimize economic costs subject to multiple ES targets including water quality and soil carbon improvement benefits. The WebGIS tool, named "Ecosystem Services Assessment Tool" (ESAT), has a suite of functions to visualize watershed characteristics, summarize the effectiveness of existing agricultural conservation practices, examine the cost, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of future agricultural conservation practices, and further, identify optimal sets of conservation practices for achieving cost-effectiveness. The study area for the integrated ES modeling and WebGIS tool development was the 4,820-km[2] Modeste watershed in Alberta, Canada. The ESAT application demonstrated its functionalities to support decision making, particularly in identifying cost-effective conservation practices for achieving sediment, phosphorus or nitrogen reduction, or soil carbon increase target. In the research, conservation stakeholders including municipal and provincial governments, conservation management agencies, and NGOs were actively engaged in data collection, modeling development, WebGIS tool development, and training for the use of the WebGIS tool. Conservation stakeholders assessed that the ESAT is a very useful tool for supporting decision making in agri-environmental programs. However, the WebGIS tool can be further simplified and streamlined to improve the user-friendliness of the ESAT.},
}

*Cloud Computing
*Geographic Information Systems
Ecosystem
*Agriculture/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data
*Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data
Environmental Monitoring
Models, Statistical
Farms/economics/statistics & numerical data
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Alberta
Agroecology/economics/methods/statistics & numerical data
Stakeholder Participation
Hydrology

@article {pmid37732396,
year = {2025},
author = {Lajmi, A and Glinka, F and Privman, E},
title = {Optimizing ddRAD sequencing for population genomic studies with ddgRADer.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {5},
pages = {e13870},
doi = {10.1111/1755-0998.13870},
pmid = {37732396},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {2017319//US-Israel Binational Science Foundation/ ; },
mesh = {*Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; *Genetics, Population/methods ; *Software ; *Computational Biology/methods ; *Genomics/methods ; *High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods ; *Metagenomics/methods ; },
abstract = {Double-digest Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) is widely used to generate genomic data for non-model organisms in evolutionary and ecological studies. Along with affordable paired-end sequencing, this method makes population genomic analyses more accessible. However, multiple factors should be considered when designing a ddRADseq experiment, which can be challenging for new users. The generated data often suffer from substantial read overlaps and adaptor contamination, severely reducing sequencing efficiency and affecting data quality. Here, we analyse diverse datasets from the literature and carry out controlled experiments to understand the effects of enzyme choice and size selection on sequencing efficiency. The empirical data reveal that size selection is imprecise and has limited efficacy. In certain scenarios, a substantial proportion of short fragments pass below the lower size-selection cut-off resulting in low sequencing efficiency. However, enzyme choice can considerably mitigate inadvertent inclusion of these shorter fragments. A simple model based on these experiments is implemented to predict the number of genomic fragments generated after digestion and size selection, number of SNPs genotyped, number of samples that can be multiplexed and the expected sequencing efficiency. We developed ddgRADer - http://ddgrader.haifa.ac.il/ - a user-friendly webtool and incorporated these calculations to aid in ddRADseq experimental design while optimizing sequencing efficiency. This tool can also be used for single enzyme protocols such as Genotyping-by-Sequencing. Given user-defined study goals, ddgRADer recommends enzyme pairs and allows users to compare and choose enzymes and size-selection criteria. ddgRADer improves the accessibility and ease of designing ddRADseq experiments and increases the probability of success of the first population genomic study conducted in labs with no prior experience in genomics.},
}

*Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
*Genetics, Population/methods
*Software
*Computational Biology/methods
*Genomics/methods
*High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods
*Metagenomics/methods

@article {pmid37526650,
year = {2025},
author = {Robledo-Ruiz, DA and Austin, L and Amos, JN and Castrejón-Figueroa, J and Harley, DKP and Magrath, MJL and Sunnucks, P and Pavlova, A},
title = {Easy-to-use R functions to separate reduced-representation genomic datasets into sex-linked and autosomal loci, and conduct sex assignment.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {5},
pages = {e13844},
doi = {10.1111/1755-0998.13844},
pmid = {37526650},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {//Australian Government Department of Education/ ; DP180102359//Australian Research Council/ ; DP210102275//Australian Research Council/ ; LP160100482//Australian Research Council/ ; //Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (Western Australia)/ ; //Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (Victoria)/ ; //Diversity Arrays Technology/ ; //Ecological Society of Australia Incorporated/ ; //Environment, Planning & Sustainable Development Directorate (ACT)/ ; //Monash University Faculty of Science/ ; //Revive & Restore/ ; //Zoos Victoria/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Birds/genetics ; *Genomics/methods ; Male ; *Sex Determination Processes ; *Computational Biology/methods ; Female ; Mammals/genetics ; *Software ; Sex Chromosomes/genetics ; },
abstract = {Identifying sex-linked markers in genomic datasets is important because their presence in supposedly neutral autosomal datasets can result in incorrect estimates of genetic diversity, population structure and parentage. However, detecting sex-linked loci can be challenging, and available scripts neglect some categories of sex-linked variation. Here, we present new R functions to (1) identify and separate sex-linked loci in ZW and XY sex determination systems and (2) infer the genetic sex of individuals based on these loci. We tested these functions on genomic data for two bird and one mammal species and compared the biological inferences made before and after removing sex-linked loci using our function. We found that our function identified autosomal loci with ≥98.8% accuracy and sex-linked loci with an average accuracy of 87.8%. We showed that standard filters, such as low read depth and call rate, failed to remove up to 54.7% of sex-linked loci. This led to (i) overestimation of population FIS by up to 24%, and the number of private alleles by up to 8%; (ii) wrongly inferring significant sex differences in heterozygosity; (iii) obscuring genetic population structure and (iv) inferring ~11% fewer correct parentages. We discuss how failure to remove sex-linked markers can lead to incorrect biological inferences (e.g. sex-biased dispersal and cryptic population structure) and misleading management recommendations. For reduced-representation datasets with at least 15 known-sex individuals of each sex, our functions offer convenient resources to remove sex-linked loci and to sex the remaining individuals (freely available at https://github.com/drobledoruiz/conservation_genomics).},
}

Animals
Birds/genetics
*Genomics/methods
Male
*Sex Determination Processes
*Computational Biology/methods
Female
Mammals/genetics
*Software
Sex Chromosomes/genetics

@article {pmid37357835,
year = {2025},
author = {Chi, L and Zhang, X and Xue, Y and Chen, H},
title = {fastHaN: a fast and scalable program for constructing haplotype network for large-sample sequences.},
journal = {Molecular ecology resources},
volume = {25},
number = {5},
pages = {e13829},
doi = {10.1111/1755-0998.13829},
pmid = {37357835},
issn = {1755-0998},
support = {2021YFC0863400//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 2021YFC2301305//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 2020YFC0847000//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; KJZ-SW-L14//the Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences/ ; },
mesh = {*Haplotypes ; *Software ; *Computational Biology/methods ; Algorithms ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; },
abstract = {Haplotype networks can be used to demonstrate the genealogical relationships of DNA sequences within species, and thus are widely applied in population genetics, molecular ecology, epidemiology and evolutionary studies. However, existing programs become computationally infeasible as the sample size increases. Here, we present fastHaN, an efficient and scalable program suitable for constructing haplotype networks for large samples. On a data set with the haplotype length of 30 kb, the Median Joining Network (MJN) algorithm implemented by fastHaN is 3000 times faster than PopART and 70 times faster than NETWORK in single-threaded mode. The implementation of the Templeton-Crandall-Sing (TCS) algorithm is 100 times faster than PopART and 5800 times faster than the TCS software. Moreover, fastHaN also enables multi-threaded mode with scalability. The source code is freely available on https://github.com/ChenHuaLab/fastHaN/. A web-based version is also available on https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/haplotype/.},
}

*Haplotypes
*Software
*Computational Biology/methods
Algorithms
*Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods