@article {pmid40903341,
year = {2025},
author = {Vedula, P and Ishizuka, K and Hayashida, A and Sueo, K and Sawa, A},
title = {Stress-induced nuclear GAPDH: Scientific update and clinical application.},
journal = {Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e00725},
doi = {10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00725},
pmid = {40903341},
issn = {1878-7479},
abstract = {Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is known as a moonlighting protein beyond its original glycolytic function. Stress-induced nuclear translocation of GAPDH has been reproducibly reported, which results in variety types of cellular responses, including cell death and dysfunction. Blocking this stress-induced cascade has been regarded as a target of drug discovery and development for human disease conditions, particularly for neurological and psychiatric diseases. There are promising small compounds that can block this cascade in cell and animal models. Nevertheless, the clinical trials for Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with one of these compounds Omigapil were unsuccessful. Including these failure cases, this review article discussed the scientific frontline of GAPDH, particularly stress-induced nuclear GAPDH, and its potential for clinical applications.},
}

@article {pmid40901987,
year = {2025},
author = {Sun, Z and Li, C and Leitner, D and Wu, M and Zhang, J and Wisniewski, T and Ge, Y},
title = {Age-related Vascular Alterations in the Choroid Plexus: Novel Insights from Pathophysiology and Imaging Studies.},
journal = {Aging and disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.14336/AD.2025.0735},
pmid = {40901987},
issn = {2152-5250},
abstract = {The choroid plexus (ChP), a highly vascularized brain structure responsible for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, undergoes significant age-related changes that may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases involving disrupted immune regulation, fluid homeostasis and waste clearance. Compared to other brain regions, vascular research on the ChP remains limited despite its critical role as a central interface between the blood and CSF. This review focuses on age-related vascular and structural alterations in the ChP from both histopathological and neuroimaging perspectives, and explores their impact on CSF dynamics, immune regulation, and the integrity of the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB). Rather than shrinking, the aging ChP often enlarges due to dystrophic changes, as shown in volumetric MRI studies. Histological studies reveal epithelial degeneration, basement membrane thickening, and stromal fibrosis in the normal aging process. In dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), proteomic studies have identified upregulation of AD- and immune-related proteins, along with downregulation of proteins linked to CSF clearance and metabolic support. Emerging high-resolution contrast-enhanced MRI techniques now allow in vivo visualization of microvascular changes within the ChP, shedding light on its normal and abnormal aging processes. Understanding these alterations is critical, as they may influence the onset and progression of various neurological diseases such as AD, Parkinson's disease (PD), normal pressure hydrocephalus, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The recent advancements and challenges described in this study underscore the need for deeper investigation into ChP aging to inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of neurodegenerative diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40900744,
year = {2025},
author = {Mani, S and Wasnik, S and Shandilya, C and Srivastava, V and Khan, S and Singh, KK},
title = {Pathogenic synergy: dysfunctional mitochondria and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.},
journal = {Frontiers in aging},
volume = {6},
number = {},
pages = {1615764},
pmid = {40900744},
issn = {2673-6217},
abstract = {The term "neurodegenerative diseases" (NDDs) refers to a range of aging-associated conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Unique clinical symptoms and underlying pathological mechanisms distinguish each of these illnesses. Although these conditions vary, they share chronic neuroinflammation as a defining characteristic. Protein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction are believed to play a role in initiating the neuroinflammatory response and, subsequently, the development and course of these illnesses. Apart from providing energy to the cells, mitochondria are involved in the immunoinflammatory response associated with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy. This involvement is attributed to controlling processes such as inflammasome activation and cell death. Under inflammatory conditions, the underlying regulatory mechanisms for these aging-associated disorders may include calcium homeostasis imbalance, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and epigenetics. Various NDDs are linked to neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. The linkages between these occurrences are becoming more apparent, but the etiology of these pathologic lesions is yet to be elucidated. This review examines the role of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the growth and course of NDDs, emphasizing the possibility of identifying novel therapeutic targets to address aging-related neurodegenerative processes and retard the progression of these illnesses.},
}

@article {pmid40897992,
year = {2025},
author = {Quigley, SE and Quigg, KH and Goutman, SA},
title = {Genetic and Mechanistic Insights Inform Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment and Symptomatic Management: Current and Emerging Therapeutics and Clinical Trial Design Considerations.},
journal = {CNS drugs},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40897992},
issn = {1179-1934},
support = {R01NS120926/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; R01NS127188/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; R01TS000344/ACL/ACL HHS/United States ; R01TS000327//Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry/ ; },
abstract = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is classically characterized by painless progressive weakness, causing impaired function of limbs, speech, swallowing, and respiratory function. The disease is fatal within 2-4 years, often the result of respiratory failure. The pathologic hallmark for a majority of ALS cases is aberrant cytoplasmic accumulations of the nuclear protein TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP-43). A total of 10-15% of ALS can be attributed to a single gene mutation, known as genetic or "familial" ALS, while the remainder of cases are termed nongenetic or "sporadic" although heritability has been measured in up to 37% in this population. Complex interactions between genetics, environment, and physiologic susceptibility are thought to contribute to disease. Management is primarily supportive in nature, though there are several approved treatments worldwide. This review details the mechanisms and evidence of approved disease-modifying treatments, relevant measures to track disease burden and progression used in clinical trials, and approaches to pharmacologic management of common symptoms in ALS. As there is not currently a cure for ALS, research into the complex pathophysiologic and genetic alterations contributing to disease is of great interest. This review further discusses the current understanding of genetic etiologies and altered physiology leading to disease, such as neuroinflammation, integrated stress response, aberrant proteostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction, among others. The translation of preclinical discoveries into current investigational therapeutics, novel therapeutic categories such as antisense oligonucleotides and stem cell transplantation, as well as future horizons harnessing the power of artificial intelligence in drug development and clinical trials are discussed.},
}

@article {pmid40895800,
year = {2025},
author = {D'Arrigo, C and Labbate, S and Galante, D},
title = {Boosting the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Advanced Preconditioning for Neurodegenerative Disorders.},
journal = {Stem cells international},
volume = {2025},
number = {},
pages = {2616653},
doi = {10.1155/sci/2616653},
pmid = {40895800},
issn = {1687-966X},
abstract = {Acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions (NDs) are major causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Acute NDs encompass conditions such as stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI). On the other hand, chronic NDs include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Currently, no definitive cure exists for these diseases, and available therapies focus primarily on slowing the progression of symptoms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their multilineage differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory abilities, and regenerative properties, have gained attention in regenerative medicine. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs have shown great promise as a cell-free therapeutic approach, eliminating the risks associated with direct MSCs use, such as tumorigenicity and poor cell survival after transplantation. EVs have emerged as powerful mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair, exhibiting immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and proregenerative properties. However, limitations such as low EVs yield and reduced efficacy due to MSCs replicative senescence restrict their therapeutic potential. Preconditioning strategies, including hypoxia, 3D cultures, and biochemical priming, have been explored in other fields to enhance EVs properties, yet their specific application to NDs remains under-reported. This review aims to address this gap by analyzing the preconditioning methods used to boost the therapeutic potential of MSCs-derived EVs for neurodegenerative diseases. These preconditioning strategies may enhance EVs yield, functional cargo, and targeted therapeutic efficacy for treating acute and chronic NDs.},
}

@article {pmid40891578,
year = {2025},
author = {Toyota, S},
title = {Expanding Chemistry of Expanded Helicenes.},
journal = {Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e02193},
doi = {10.1002/chem.202502193},
pmid = {40891578},
issn = {1521-3765},
support = {23K26637//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ ; 20H02721//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ ; 23H01944//Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ ; },
abstract = {Expanded helicenes are interesting compounds created by modifying the original helicene structure through the incorporation of linearly fused benzene rings, enlarging the helical diameter. Motivated by Tilley et al.'s report of a key expanded helicene structure in 2017, several research groups have synthesized such nonplanar aromatic compounds, aiming to explore their impressive structures, properties, and chiroptical performance. This review highlights recent advances in the expanded helicene chemistry through experimental and theoretical studies. The shape and length of helical structures depend on the number and combination of angularly and linearly fused benzene rings. Helical structures are classified using notations, and specific compounds corresponding to each structural form, namely, hexagonal, triangular, rhombic, or others, are introduced herein. As an extension of the molecular design, examples of nonhexagonal and heteroaromatic ring-embedded expanded helicenes are presented. Specifically, this review focuses on how the diameters, lengths, and turn numbers of helical structures depend on dynamic processes involving helical inversion and chiroptical properties (circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)). The characteristics and perspectives of this molecular design are also discussed.},
}

@article {pmid40891506,
year = {2025},
author = {Pir, GJ and Buddenkotte, J and Alam, MA and Own, A and Eck, RJ and Kraemer, BC and Mandelkow, E and Steinhoff, M},
title = {TDP-43 proteinopathies and neurodegeneration: insights from Caenorhabditis elegans models.},
journal = {The FEBS journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/febs.70239},
pmid = {40891506},
issn = {1742-4658},
support = {11S-0117 180326//Qatar National Research Fund/ ; //Katharina Hardt Foundation/ ; F99AG088436/NH/NIH HHS/United States ; //Cure Alzheimer's Fund/ ; },
abstract = {TDP-linked proteinopathies, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE), are characterised by pathogenic deposits containing transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in the brain and spinal cord of patients. These hallmark pathological features are associated with widespread neuronal dysfunction and progressive neurodegeneration. TDP-43's role as an essential RNA/DNA-binding protein in RNA metabolism and gene expression regulation is clear, but deciphering the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning TDP-43-mediated neurodegeneration is paramount for developing effective therapies and novel diagnostic tools for early detection before frank neuronal loss occurs. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, with highly conserved TDP-43 orthologue TDP-1, serves as a powerful genetic model to investigate the molecular underpinnings of TDP-43 proteinopathies. Here, we provide a brief overview of the structural and functional characteristics of TDP-43 and TDP-1, highlighting their conserved roles in RNA metabolism, stress responses, and neurodegeneration. We then delve into the pathobiology of TDP-43, drawing insights from C. elegans models expressing either monogenic TDP-43 variants or bigenic combinations with ALS-associated risk genes, and discuss how these models have advanced our understanding of the pathomechanisms of TDP-43 proteinopathies. By employing its simplicity and genetic manipulability, we discuss how these models have helped identify chemical and genetic suppressors of TDP-43-induced phenotypes, including small molecules like Pimozide and the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114, now in clinical trials. This review underscores the translational value of C. elegans in unraveling the biochemical pathways and interactions in TDP-43 proteinopathies that perturb cellular physiology, potentially facilitating mechanism-based therapy development.},
}

@article {pmid40887101,
year = {2025},
author = {Guillot, SJ and Luppi, PH and Dupuis, L and Bolborea, M},
title = {Sleep in neurodegenerative diseases: A focus on melatonin, melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin.},
journal = {Journal of neuroendocrinology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e70085},
doi = {10.1111/jne.70085},
pmid = {40887101},
issn = {1365-2826},
support = {ANR-16-CE16-0015//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-16-CE92-0031//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-19-CE17-0016//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-20-CE17-0008//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-24-CE37-4064//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; //TargetALS/ ; //Fondation Thierry Latran/ ; //Association Francaise de Recherche sur la sclérose latérale amyotrophique/ ; //Radala Foundation for ALS Research/ ; //ARSLA/ ; //University of Starsbourg fundation/ ; //Fondation Bettencourt Schueller/ ; DEQ20180339179//Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale/ ; //Axa Research Funds/ ; },
abstract = {Sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythm alterations are recognised as inherent clinical features of various neurodegenerative diseases. Traditionally viewed as secondary manifestations of neurodegeneration, recent studies have revealed that disruptions in circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycles can precede clinical symptoms and significantly contribute to the underlying pathophysiological progression. In this review, we summarise recent research on the impact of sleep and circadian rhythm alterations in ageing and major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and frontotemporal dementia, highlighting the roles of melatonin, orexin, and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) systems as key regulators at the intersection of sleep and neurodegeneration. We argue that sleep and circadian alterations may serve as early biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40885478,
year = {2025},
author = {Hafiz, B and Aldahlawi, A and Ashqar, A and Hamzah, A and Alotaibi, Y and Bajunaid, K and Baeesa, S},
title = {Outcomes of Surgical Versus Endovascular Treatment of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {World neurosurgery},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {124420},
doi = {10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124420},
pmid = {40885478},
issn = {1878-8769},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most prevalent type of spinal vascular malformation and can lead to progressive neurological impairments if left untreated. Endovascular embolization and microsurgical resection are treatment options, although the optimal treatment method remains a subject of debate.

OBJECTIVE: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the endovascular and microsurgical treatment outcomes of SDAVFs.

METHODS: An exhaustive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, encompassing publications from 2014 to 2024. A total of 522 patients from seven studies (417 surgical and 105 endovascular) met the inclusion criteria. Information on post-treatment complications, recurrence/failure rates, and functional improvement as assessed by the Aminoff-Logue Scale (ALS) or modified ALS (mALS) was extracted. I[2] statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity, and random-effects models were used to compute risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs).

RESULTS: Compared to endovascular intervention, surgical treatment was linked to significantly lower rates of recurrence or treatment failure (RR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.09-0.39; p < 0.001), especially in long-term follow-up and thoracic-level studies. With greater ALS/mALS gains and a higher percentage of patients achieving full or partial recovery, functional improvement favored surgery. Although complication types varied, complication rates were similar across modalities (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.48-1.49). Asymmetry in funnel plots indicated possible publication bias in favor of successful surgical outcomes.

CONCLUSION: For SDAVFs, surgical ligation provides better long-term results than endovascular embolization in terms of neurological recovery and recurrence prevention. Even though both procedures are usually safe, surgery is the recommended first-line course of action due to the higher failure and recurrence rates linked to embolization, especially in patients with operable anatomy and progressive symptoms.},
}

@article {pmid40884740,
year = {2025},
author = {Kalasa Anil Kumar, AP and Subair, S and Basthikoppa Shivamurthy, P and Ummar, S and Rajeev, AC and Raju, R},
title = {Decoding ATXN2 Phosphocode: Structural Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities in Disease.},
journal = {The protein journal},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40884740},
issn = {1875-8355},
abstract = {Ataxin-2 (ATXN2), a key RNA-binding protein, regulates RNA metabolism, stress granule formation, and neuronal homeostasis, with dysregulated phosphorylation contributing to Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 2 (SCA2), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cancer. This review integrates structural biology, phosphoproteomics, and interactome analyses to map six critical phosphosites (S772, T741, S624, S684, S784, S889) within ATXN2's intrinsically disordered regions. Modulated by kinases GSK3β and CDK13 and phosphatases like INPP5F, these sites orchestrate interactions with RNA-binding partners (e.g., ATXN2L, FXR2, STAU2) and co-regulated proteins (e.g., TP53BP1, NUP153), driving pathogenesis through disrupted autophagy, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and stress granule dynamics. We propose targeted therapies, including GSK3β inhibitors for ALS, antisense oligonucleotides for SCA2, and MTOR modulators for cancer, to restore ATXN2 function. By elucidating phosphocode of ATXN2, this work highlights novel avenues for precision medicine in neurodegenerative and oncogenic diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40110864,
year = {2025},
author = {Kornhaber, R and Mc Kittrick, A and Rossiter, R and Cleary, M},
title = {Pain Experiences in Adult Burn Survivors During Rehabilitation and Recovery: A Qualitative Systematic Review.},
journal = {Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association},
volume = {46},
number = {4},
pages = {818-832},
pmid = {40110864},
issn = {1559-0488},
support = {//2023 Charles Sturt University Faculty of Science/ ; //Health New Staff Research Establishment Scheme/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Burns/rehabilitation/psychology/complications ; *Survivors/psychology ; Qualitative Research ; Adult ; *Pain/psychology/etiology ; },
abstract = {Despite advancements in burn care, pain persists despite multidisciplinary management efforts. This review aimed to synthesize the qualitative research that explored the impact of pain on burn survivors' rehabilitation and recovery. In September 2023, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed published research in English. Nineteen articles from 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review used Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis framework for qualitative research evidence. Two descriptors of pain were described, physical and psychological pain. Pain in burn survivors, both physical and psychological, was complex, intertwined, and dynamic across 3 stages: before, during, and after interventions. This was found to closely align with Cleary et al.'s trauma-informed model of care in burn settings, which emphasizes a 3-stage process, underlining that pain is not static but evolves and fluctuates, necessitating adaptive and person-centered burn care and post-treatment mental health support. Adopting a Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) approach in burn injury settings is crucial. Individuals postburn encounter varying degrees of physical and psychological pain, which for some remains persistent. Using patient-reported measures throughout recovery deepens the understanding of burn survivors' pain, respecting their personal experiences and insights. It is essential to conduct future longitudinal research and push for a burn-specific qualitative pain assessment to address these complex needs effectively.},
}

Humans
*Burns/rehabilitation/psychology/complications
*Survivors/psychology
Qualitative Research
Adult
*Pain/psychology/etiology

@article {pmid40883656,
year = {2025},
author = {García-Parra, B and Guiu, JM and Povedano, M and Modamio, P},
title = {Geographic distribution of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-related genes: a systematic review.},
journal = {Neurodegenerative disease management},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.1080/17582024.2025.2554382},
pmid = {40883656},
issn = {1758-2032},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare motor neuron disease. There is no effective treatment, but disease-modifying therapies do exist. Objective. To identify the geographical distribution of ALS-related genes.

METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines in PubMed and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria: patients with ALS, no age or gender restriction, English and Spanish languages, studies published until 31 July 2025.

RESULTS: Thirty-eight results were obtained, 32 were selected, 19 articles were assessed for eligibility, and 8 articles were included from databases. Three articles recommended by clinical experts were added, so 11 results were reviewed. This research showed that published articles on the geographic distribution of ALS-related genes are limited, particularly for underrepresented regions such as Africa.

CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate the need for intensified international research to improve knowledge of the genetic epidemiology of ALS.},
}

@article {pmid40663766,
year = {2025},
author = {Matthews, AM and Whiteley, AM},
title = {UBQLN2 in neurodegenerative disease: mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic potential.},
journal = {Biochemical Society transactions},
volume = {53},
number = {4},
pages = {823-833},
doi = {10.1042/BST20253053},
pmid = {40663766},
issn = {1470-8752},
mesh = {Humans ; Autophagy-Related Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; *Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/genetics/therapy ; Animals ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics/metabolism ; Autophagy ; Mutation ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Frontotemporal Dementia/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Ubiquilins (UBQLNs) regulate cellular protein turnover by shuttling proteins, or 'clients', to the proteasome or autophagy pathways for degradation. Of the five different UBQLN genes in humans, UBQLN2 is the most highly expressed in the nervous system and muscle tissue and has been linked to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, point mutations of UBQLN2 cause an X-linked, dominant form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), ALS with frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD), or FTD. Failed protein degradation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS and FTD; however, it is not clear exactly how ALS/FTD-associated UBQLN2 mutations contribute to pathogenesis. Recent studies have revealed the complexity of UBQLN2 biology and allow deeper understanding as to how UBQLN2 dysfunction may contribute to neurodegenerative disease. UBQLN2 is necessary for mitochondrial protein degradation and for regulating mitochondrial turnover, both of which are essential for motor neurons and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALS. Stress granule (SG) formation and regulation are also affected by UBQLN2 mutations, and their dysregulation may contribute to the toxic protein aggregation and SG changes observed in neurodegenerative disease. Finally, there are compelling links connecting UBQLN2 dysfunction with changes to downstream neuronal morphology, function, and behavior. This review will detail the emerging consensus on how UBQLN2 protects against neurodegenerative disease and will provide insights into potential therapeutic approaches.},
}

Humans
Autophagy-Related Proteins/genetics/metabolism
*Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism
*Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/genetics/therapy
Animals
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics/metabolism
Autophagy
Mutation
Mitochondria/metabolism
Frontotemporal Dementia/genetics/metabolism
*Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism

@article {pmid40876628,
year = {2025},
author = {Pytel, D and Longo, JF},
title = {The Proteostasis Network in Proteinopathies: Mechanisms and Interconnections.},
journal = {The American journal of pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajpath.2025.07.011},
pmid = {40876628},
issn = {1525-2191},
abstract = {Proteinopathies are neurodegenerative disorders that are characterized by accumulation of misfolded toxic protein aggregates that lead to synaptic and neuronal dysfunction. Though genetically, clinically and pathologically distinct, a common feature of these diseases is disruption of protein homeostasis (proteostasis), which causes accumulation of misfolded proteins. The machinery mediating proteostasis exquisitely balances and interlaces protein synthesis, protein folding and trafficking, and protein degradation processes within the proteostasis network to maintain homeostasis. The proteostasis network governs a functional and dynamic proteome by modulating the timing, location, and stoichiometry of protein expression, surveillance and maintenance of protein folding and removal of misfolded or excess proteins. Although a functional proteome is essential for the health of all cell types, this is especially true for neurons which are prone to enhanced cellular stress. Aging is the most important risk factor for proteostasis decline and the development of proteinopathies. However, germline and somatic mutations can also functionally impair components of the proteostasis network. Post-mitotic cells, particularly neurons, are rendered further susceptible to proteostasis dysfunction due to their extended lifespan. This review discusses the interconnections between the functional components mediating proteostasis in neuronal cells and how aberrations in proteostasis contribute to neuronal dysfunction and disease.},
}

@article {pmid40876427,
year = {2025},
author = {Ibrahim, SI and Zaher, DM and Hersi, FA and Hamouda, AO and Al Hindawi, MA and Omar, HA},
title = {Repurposing edaravone in oncology: Bridging antioxidant defense and immune modulation.},
journal = {International immunopharmacology},
volume = {164},
number = {},
pages = {115413},
doi = {10.1016/j.intimp.2025.115413},
pmid = {40876427},
issn = {1878-1705},
abstract = {Edaravone, a synthetic free radical scavenger originally approved for neurological disorders such as stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is gaining attention for its emerging potential role in cancer. Beyond its well-established antioxidant properties, edaravone demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, including the inhibition of key pathways such as NF-κB, JAK2/STAT3, and TLR4/IL-6, suggesting potential to modulate immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. This review discusses how edaravone disrupts oncogenic signaling, induces cell cycle arrest, and enhances apoptosis, particularly in cancer stem cells and therapy-resistant models. It also examines edaravone's dual role in combination therapies, where it may improve the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic agents while simultaneously protecting normal tissues from treatment-induced toxicities. By linking mechanistic insights with therapeutic outcomes, this review highlights the rationale for repurposing edaravone as a potential adjuvant in cancer therapy. Although clinical data are currently limited, preliminary findings are encouraging and warrant further investigation into edaravone's potential use in cancer treatment regimens.},
}

@article {pmid40871062,
year = {2025},
author = {Yang, HM},
title = {Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier: Advanced Strategies in Targeted Drug Delivery for Neurodegenerative Diseases.},
journal = {Pharmaceutics},
volume = {17},
number = {8},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/pharmaceutics17081041},
pmid = {40871062},
issn = {1999-4923},
support = {03-2025-0200//Seoul National University Hospital/ ; },
abstract = {The increasing global health crisis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease is worsening because of a rapidly increasing aging population. Disease-modifying therapies continue to face development challenges due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents more than 98% of small molecules and all biologics from entering the central nervous system. The therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative diseases has recently undergone transformation through advances in targeted drug delivery that include ligand-decorated nanoparticles, bispecific antibody shuttles, focused ultrasound-mediated BBB modulation, intranasal exosomes, and mRNA lipid nanoparticles. This review provides an analysis of the molecular pathways that cause major neurodegenerative diseases, discusses the physiological and physicochemical barriers to drug delivery to the brain, and reviews the most recent drug targeting strategies including receptor-mediated transcytosis, cell-based "Trojan horse" approaches, gene-editing vectors, and spatiotemporally controlled physical methods. The review also critically evaluates the limitations such as immunogenicity, scalability, and clinical translation challenges, proposing potential solutions to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The recent clinical trials are assessed in detail, and current and future trends are discussed, including artificial intelligence (AI)-based carrier engineering, combination therapy, and precision neuro-nanomedicine. The successful translation of these innovations into effective treatments for patients with neurodegenerative diseases will require essential interdisciplinary collaboration between neuroscientists, pharmaceutics experts, clinicians, and regulators.},
}

@article {pmid40870005,
year = {2025},
author = {Jeong, J and Kim, J and Kim, MS},
title = {Dual Nature of Mitochondrial Integrated Stress Response: Molecular Switches from Protection to Pathology.},
journal = {Genes},
volume = {16},
number = {8},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/genes16080957},
pmid = {40870005},
issn = {2073-4425},
mesh = {Humans ; *Mitochondria/metabolism/pathology/genetics ; *Stress, Physiological ; Animals ; *Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism/drug therapy/pathology/genetics ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISR) represents a fundamental cellular adaptation mechanism with dual protective and pathological roles. We critically analyzed current literature on ISR mechanisms, focusing on recent paradigm shifts including the 2020 discovery of the OMA1-DELE1-HRI axis, emerging controversies over context-dependent activation patterns, and the January 2025 clinical trial failures that have reshaped the therapeutic landscape.

METHODS: We reviewed recent literature (2020-2025) examining ISR mechanisms, clinical trials, and therapeutic developments through comprehensive database searches.

RESULTS: The field has evolved from simple linear pathway models to recognition of complex, context-dependent networks. Recent findings reveal that ISR activation mechanisms vary dramatically based on cellular metabolic state, with distinct pathways operating in proliferating versus differentiated cells. The "dark microglia" phenotype in neurodegeneration and DR5-mediated apoptotic switches exemplify pathological ISR manifestations, while adaptive responses include metabolic reprogramming and quality control enhancement.

CONCLUSIONS: The 2025 failures of DNL343 and ABBV-CLS-7262 in ALS trials underscore the need for precision medicine approaches that account for context-dependent ISR functions, temporal dynamics, and disease-specific mechanisms.},
}

Humans
*Mitochondria/metabolism/pathology/genetics
*Stress, Physiological
Animals
*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism/drug therapy/pathology/genetics

@article {pmid40869392,
year = {2025},
author = {Șerban, M and Toader, C and Covache-Busuioc, RA},
title = {Blueprint of Collapse: Precision Biomarkers, Molecular Cascades, and the Engineered Decline of Fast-Progressing ALS.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {26},
number = {16},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijms26168072},
pmid = {40869392},
issn = {1422-0067},
mesh = {*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism/genetics/pathology/diagnosis ; Humans ; *Biomarkers/metabolism ; Disease Progression ; Animals ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Precision Medicine ; Neurofilament Proteins/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is still a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder that can be identified clinically and biologically, without a strong set of biomarkers that can adequately measure its fast rate of progression and molecular heterogeneity. In this review, we intend to consolidate the most relevant and timely advances in ALS biomarker discovery, in order to begin to bring molecular, imaging, genetic, and digital areas together for potential integration into a precision medicine approach to ALS. Our goal is to begin to display how several biomarkers in development (e.g., neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH), TDP-43 aggregates, mitochondrial stress markers, inflammatory markers, etc.) are changing our understanding of ALS and ALS dynamics. We will attempt to provide a framework for thinking about biomarkers in a systematic way where our candidates are not signals alone but part of a tethered pathophysiological cascade. We are particularly interested in the fast progressor phenotype, a devastating and under-characterized subset of ALS due to a rapid axonal degeneration, early respiratory failure, and very short life span. We will try to highlight the salient molecular features of this ALS subtype, including SOD1 A5V toxicity, C9orf72 repeats, FUS variants, mitochondrial collapse, and impaired autophagy mechanisms, and relate these features to measurable blood and CSF (biomarkers) and imaging platforms. We will elaborate on several interesting tools, for example, single-cell transcriptomics, CSF exosomal cargo analysis, MRI techniques, and wearable sensor outputs that are developing into high-resolution windows of disease progression and onset. Instead of providing a static catalog, we plan on providing a conceptual roadmap to integrate biomarker panels that will allow for earlier diagnosis, real-time disease monitoring, and adaptive therapeutic trial design. We hope this synthesis will make a meaningful contribution to the shift from observational neurology to proactive biologically informed clinical care in ALS. Although there are still considerable obstacles to overcome, the intersection of a precise molecular or genetic association approach, digital phenotyping, and systems-level understandings may ultimately redefine how we monitor, care for, and treat this challenging neurodegenerative disease.},
}

*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism/genetics/pathology/diagnosis
Humans
*Biomarkers/metabolism
Disease Progression
Animals
Mitochondria/metabolism
Precision Medicine
Neurofilament Proteins/metabolism

@article {pmid40869205,
year = {2025},
author = {Lewandowski, D and Konieczny, M and Różycka, A and Chrzanowski, K and Owecki, W and Kalinowski, J and Stepura, M and Jagodziński, P and Dorszewska, J},
title = {Cathepsins in Neurological Diseases.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {26},
number = {16},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ijms26167886},
pmid = {40869205},
issn = {1422-0067},
mesh = {Humans ; *Cathepsins/metabolism ; Animals ; *Nervous System Diseases/metabolism/pathology ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Cathepsins, a family of lysosomal proteases, play critical roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis through protein degradation and modulation of immune responses. In the central nervous system (CNS), their functions extend beyond classical proteolysis, influencing neuroinflammation, synaptic remodeling, and neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence underscores the crucial role of microglial cathepsins in the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the involvement of cathepsins in a spectrum of CNS diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, Huntington's disease, and ischemic stroke. We highlight how specific cathepsins contribute to disease progression by modulating key pathological processes such as α-synuclein and amyloid-β clearance, tau degradation, lysosomal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and demyelination. Notably, several cathepsins demonstrate both neuroprotective and pathogenic roles depending on disease context and expression levels. Additionally, the balance between cathepsins and their endogenous inhibitors, such as cystatins, emerges as a critical factor in CNS pathology. While cathepsins represent promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets, significant gaps remain in our understanding of their mechanistic roles across diseases. Future studies focusing on their regulation, substrate specificity, and interplay with genetic and epigenetic factors may yield novel strategies for early diagnosis and disease-modifying treatments in neurology.},
}

Humans
*Cathepsins/metabolism
Animals
*Nervous System Diseases/metabolism/pathology
Lysosomes/metabolism
Biomarkers/metabolism

@article {pmid40868276,
year = {2025},
author = {Voicu, V and Toader, C and Șerban, M and Covache-Busuioc, RA and Ciurea, AV},
title = {Systemic Neurodegeneration and Brain Aging: Multi-Omics Disintegration, Proteostatic Collapse, and Network Failure Across the CNS.},
journal = {Biomedicines},
volume = {13},
number = {8},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biomedicines13082025},
pmid = {40868276},
issn = {2227-9059},
abstract = {Neurodegeneration is increasingly recognized not as a linear trajectory of protein accumulation, but as a multidimensional collapse of biological organization-spanning intracellular signaling, transcriptional identity, proteostatic integrity, organelle communication, and network-level computation. This review intends to synthesize emerging frameworks that reposition neurodegenerative diseases (ND) as progressive breakdowns of interpretive cellular logic, rather than mere terminal consequences of protein aggregation or synaptic attrition. The discussion aims to provide a detailed mapping of how critical signaling pathways-including PI3K-AKT-mTOR, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and integrated stress response cascades-undergo spatial and temporal disintegration. Special attention is directed toward the roles of RNA-binding proteins (e.g., TDP-43, FUS, ELAVL2), m6A epitranscriptomic modifiers (METTL3, YTHDF1, IGF2BP1), and non-canonical post-translational modifications (SUMOylation, crotonylation) in disrupting translation fidelity, proteostasis, and subcellular targeting. At the organelle level, the review seeks to highlight how the failure of ribosome-associated quality control (RQC), autophagosome-lysosome fusion machinery (STX17, SNAP29), and mitochondrial import/export systems (TIM/TOM complexes) generates cumulative stress and impairs neuronal triage. These dysfunctions are compounded by mitochondrial protease overload (LONP1, CLPP), UPR maladaptation, and phase-transitioned stress granules that sequester nucleocytoplasmic transport proteins and ribosomal subunits, especially in ALS and FTD contexts. Synaptic disassembly is treated not only as a downstream event, but as an early tipping point, driven by impaired PSD scaffolding, aberrant endosomal recycling (Rab5, Rab11), complement-mediated pruning (C1q/C3-CR3 axis), and excitatory-inhibitory imbalance linked to parvalbumin interneuron decay. Using insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, the review illustrates how regional vulnerability to proteostatic and metabolic stress converges with signaling noise to produce entropic attractor collapse within core networks such as the DMN, SN, and FPCN. By framing neurodegeneration as an active loss of cellular and network "meaning-making"-a collapse of coordinated signal interpretation, triage prioritization, and adaptive response-the review aims to support a more integrative conceptual model. In this context, therapeutic direction may shift from damage containment toward restoring high-dimensional neuronal agency, via strategies that include the following elements: reprogrammable proteome-targeting agents (e.g., PROTACs), engineered autophagy adaptors, CRISPR-based BDNF enhancers, mitochondrial gatekeeping stabilizers, and glial-exosome neuroengineering. This synthesis intends to offer a translational scaffold for viewing neurodegeneration as not only a disorder of accumulation but as a systems-level failure of cellular reasoning-a perspective that may inform future efforts in resilience-based intervention and precision neurorestoration.},
}

@article {pmid40868211,
year = {2025},
author = {Flor, J and Silveira, AT and Martins, IA and Otero, LB and Silva, FM and Vizuete, AFK and Wink, MR and Rigatto, K},
title = {Biological Actions of Alamandine: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Biomedicines},
volume = {13},
number = {8},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biomedicines13081957},
pmid = {40868211},
issn = {2227-9059},
abstract = {Objective: This scoping review aims to comprehensively map the existing literature on the mechanisms of action of Alamandine (ALA), a peptide within the renin-angiotensin system, and its effects across various physiological systems. Materials and Methods: Utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a thorough search of databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted up to 30 January 2025. The review focused on identifying studies that explore the biological and therapeutic roles of ALA in different contexts, incorporating in vivo, in vitro, and in silico research. Results: A total of 590 records were initially identified, with 25 meeting the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review. China emerged as the leading contributor to the research in this area, with a significant focus on the cardiovascular system. The studies revealed that ALA exhibits a range of beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, antifibrotic, and antiapoptotic actions. These effects are primarily mediated through the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and modulation of the nitric oxide pathway. The review also highlighted AL's potential in mitigating oxidative stress and its implications in treating cardiovascular diseases, fibrosis, and cancer. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ALA holds significant therapeutic potential, offering antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and anticancer benefits without notable adverse effects, warranting further research to explore its full potential and mechanism of action.},
}

@article {pmid40866928,
year = {2025},
author = {Tsang, VSK and Malaspina, A and Henson, SM},
title = {The metabolic intersection between immunosenescence and neuroinflammation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.},
journal = {Journal of inflammation (London, England)},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {36},
pmid = {40866928},
issn = {1476-9255},
support = {BBX009610/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom ; },
}

@article {pmid40863128,
year = {2025},
author = {Pawłowska, M and Kruszka, J and Porzych, M and Garbarek, J and Nuszkiewicz, J},
title = {Ketogenic Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential.},
journal = {Metabolites},
volume = {15},
number = {8},
pages = {},
pmid = {40863128},
issn = {2218-1989},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and share key pathological features such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic neuroinflammation. Recent research has highlighted the potential of ketogenic metabolism, particularly the use of ketone bodies like β-hydroxybutyrate, as a therapeutic approach targeting these shared mechanisms. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the neuroprotective effects of ketogenic interventions, including both dietary strategies and exogenous ketone supplementation. We discuss how ketone bodies improve mitochondrial function, reduce reactive oxygen species, modulate inflammatory pathways, and influence neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, we examine experimental and clinical evidence supporting the application of ketogenic therapies in neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting disease-specific findings, benefits, and limitations. While preclinical data are robust and suggest meaningful therapeutic potential, clinical studies remain limited and heterogeneous, with challenges related to adherence, safety, and patient selection. The review also addresses the translational relevance of ketogenic strategies, considering their feasibility, combination with other therapies, and the need for personalized approaches based on genetic and metabolic profiles. By critically evaluating existing data, this article aims to clarify the mechanisms through which ketogenic metabolism may exert neuroprotective effects and to outline future directions for research and clinical application in the context of neurodegenerative disorders.},
}

@article {pmid40859959,
year = {2025},
author = {Mao, S and Qiao, R and Wang, Q and Shen, L and Li, D and Huo, X and Wang, J and Liu, K and Chen, W and Zhu, T and Zhang, B and Leng, S and Bai, Y},
title = {Activity and Heterogeneity of Astrocytes in Neurological Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.},
journal = {MedComm},
volume = {6},
number = {9},
pages = {e70329},
pmid = {40859959},
issn = {2688-2663},
abstract = {Astrocytes, the most prevalent glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play crucial roles in maintaining CNS homeostasis and responding to various pathological stimuli. They play key roles in neural development, neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, metabolic support, and tissue repair. Recent advancements in single-cell sequencing have revealed the remarkable heterogeneity of astrocytes, with distinct subpopulations differentially contributing to disease progression in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and multiple sclerosis. In addition, they play an important role in various behavioral neuropsychiatric disorders. This review highlights the dual roles of astrocytes in disease progression, driven by their diverse molecular profiles and functions. It outlines the key molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte heterogeneity and their impact on neuroinflammation, neuronal support, and ionic balance regulation. Additionally, the review discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting astrocytes to modulate these processes, aiming to improve treatment outcomes in neurological diseases. By elucidating the specific roles of astrocyte subsets in disease, this review seeks to advance the development of precision medicine for astrocyte-related neurological disorders.},
}

@article {pmid40858858,
year = {2025},
author = {Loo, YS and Yusoh, NA and Yap, K and Ng, CS},
title = {Programmable self-replicating JEV nanotherapeutics redefine RNA delivery in ALS.},
journal = {Communications biology},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {1282},
doi = {10.1038/s42003-025-08579-7},
pmid = {40858858},
issn = {2399-3642},
support = {PM010CNI000148//International Brain Research Organization (IBRO)/ ; },
abstract = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, leading to paralysis and respiratory failure. Current therapies offer limited benefits, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing hold promise, but their effective delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a significant challenge. Here, a potential approach involves utilizing engineered Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) as a self-replicating nanocarrier for targeted ASO delivery to motor neurons. By leveraging JEV's natural neurotropism and "Trojan horse" mechanism of immune cell-mediated CNS entry, this strategy overcomes the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers (BBB/BSCB). Incorporation of ASO sequences within the JEV genome facilitates co-packaging and sustained therapeutic delivery, while microRNA (miRNA)-mediated attenuation may enhance safety and CNS specificity. This theoretical framework offers a potential paradigm shift in CNS gene therapy for ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases by enabling efficient, targeted, and sustained ASO delivery. However, experimental validation remains critical to assess its safety and therapeutic efficacy.},
}

@article {pmid40856865,
year = {2025},
author = {Shandilya, C and Mani, S},
title = {Rho kinase isoforms in neurodegeneration: from cellular functions to therapeutic targets.},
journal = {Molecular biology reports},
volume = {52},
number = {1},
pages = {846},
pmid = {40856865},
issn = {1573-4978},
mesh = {Humans ; *rho-Associated Kinases/metabolism/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics ; *Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/drug therapy ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Animals ; Mitophagy ; Neurons/metabolism ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; },
abstract = {Mitochondria serve as an important cellular organelle for maintaining neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in neuronal cells by playing a key role in ATP generation, maintaining calcium homeostasis, and regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), etc. The regulation of the dynamic nature of mitochondria, including their fission, fusion, and removal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy, is also very important for neuronal health. Abnormalities in mitochondrial processes, including but not limited to fission, fusion, and mitophagy, are known to be associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). In the recent past, the Rho kinase (ROCK) isoforms, particularly ROCK1 and ROCK2, have gained a lot of attention in NDDs, mainly for their role in regulating the dynamics of the mitochondria, mitophagy, and other cell signalling pathways. By adding phosphate groups to Drp1, ROCK1 is crucial in supporting excessive mitochondrial fission, causing the death of neuronal cells. On the other hand, ROCK2 inhibits Parkin-dependent mitophagy by inhibiting the PTEN protein, the activator of Parkin-dependent mitophagy. This impaired mitochondrial quality control via reduced mitophagic flux leads to oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration, the central pathological feature of NDDs. The inhibition of ROCK isoforms has shown great promise in neuroprotective effects, controlling the dynamics of mitochondria in neuronal cells, lowering inflammation, and improving motor and cognitive functions in preclinical models of different NDDs, indicating ROCK isoforms as an attractive therapeutic target in different NDDs. This review aims to highlight the therapeutic significance of targeting ROCK isoforms in different NDDs.},
}

Humans
*rho-Associated Kinases/metabolism/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics
*Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/drug therapy
Mitochondria/metabolism
Animals
Mitophagy
Neurons/metabolism
Protein Isoforms/metabolism
Signal Transduction
Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
Mitochondrial Dynamics
Isoenzymes/metabolism
Oxidative Stress

@article {pmid40806339,
year = {2025},
author = {Sonkodi, B},
title = {The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Light of the Brain Axes and Dysbiosis Where Piezo2 Is the Critical Initiating Player.},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
volume = {26},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40806339},
issn = {1422-0067},
mesh = {Humans ; *Ion Channels/metabolism ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; *Dysbiosis/metabolism/microbiology ; Animals ; *Brain/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; },
abstract = {The current opinion paper puts into perspective how altered microbiota transplanted from Alzheimer's patients initiates the impairment of the microbiota-gut-brain axis of a healthy recipient, leading to impaired cognition primarily arising from the hippocampus, dysfunctional adult hippocampal neurogenesis, dysregulated systemic inflammation, long-term spatial memory impairment, or chronic pain with hippocampal involvement. This altered microbiota may induce acquired Piezo2 channelopathy on enterochromaffin cells, which, in turn, impairs the ultrafast long-range proton-based oscillatory synchronization to the hippocampus. Therefore, an intact microbiota-gut-brain axis could be responsible for the synchronization of ultradian and circadian rhythms, with the assistance of rhythmic bacteria within microbiota, to circadian regulation, and hippocampal learning and memory formation. Hippocampal ultradian clock encoding is proposed to be through a Piezo2-initiated proton-signaled manner via VGLUT3 allosteric transmission at a distance. Furthermore, this paper posits that these unaccounted-for ultrafast proton-based long-range oscillatory synchronizing ultradian axes may exist not only within the brain but also between the periphery and the brain in an analogous way, like in the case of this depicted microbiota-gut-brain axis. Accordingly, the irreversible Piezo2 channelopathy-induced loss of the Piezo2-initiated ultradian prefrontal-hippocampal axis leads to Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology onset. Moreover, the same irreversible microdamage-induced loss of the Piezo2-initiated ultradian muscle spindle-hippocampal and cerebellum-hippocampal axes may lead to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease initiation, respectively.},
}

Humans
*Ion Channels/metabolism
*Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology
*Dysbiosis/metabolism/microbiology
Animals
*Brain/metabolism
Alzheimer Disease/metabolism
Hippocampus/metabolism
Circadian Rhythm

@article {pmid40802439,
year = {2025},
author = {Sousa, ES and Silva, LACD and Paiva, RM and Soares, KD and Azevedo, IC and Santos, VEP},
title = {Transitional Care for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis to the Home: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Revista brasileira de enfermagem},
volume = {78},
number = {3},
pages = {e20240297},
pmid = {40802439},
issn = {1984-0446},
mesh = {Humans ; *Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/therapy/complications ; *Transitional Care/standards/trends ; *Home Care Services/trends/standards ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: to map the care required for the transition of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis to the home environment.

METHODS: a scoping review was conducted following the JBI guidelines. The search for publications on the topic was carried out in databases such as PubMed and Web of Science between February and May 2023. Full-text studies that addressed the research objective were included. Letters to the editor, editorials, and opinion articles were excluded.

RESULTS: the final sample consisted of seven articles. Regarding care, the studies highlighted assistance with basic life needs, care planning, protocol development, the use of telehealth, and communication between healthcare services.

CONCLUSIONS: the care required for the transition of individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis to the home environment ranges from assistance with basic human needs to the coordination with other healthcare services. Altogether, these actions contribute to a safe and effective transitional process.},
}

Humans
*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/therapy/complications
*Transitional Care/standards/trends
*Home Care Services/trends/standards

@article {pmid40849485,
year = {2025},
author = {Helal, MM and AbouShawareb, H and Abbas, OH and Haddad, R and Zain, Y and Osman, ASA and Hassan, AK},
title = {GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease: an updated comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis.},
journal = {Diabetology & metabolic syndrome},
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {352},
pmid = {40849485},
issn = {1758-5996},
abstract = {Previous studies have demonstrated an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as more severe and rapid motor and non-motor deterioration in diabetic PD patients compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. Additional research has suggested that diabetic subjects treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists exhibit a reduced incidence of PD compared to those receiving other anti-diabetic medications. GLP-1 receptor agonists are FDA-approved therapies for T2DM, and recent studies have explored their potential as repurposed treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, AD, and ALS, as well as cerebrovascular disorders. This systematic review aims to assess the available literature on the efficacy and safety profiles of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PD management. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted to identify relevant studies. The primary outcomes of this review include motor impairment in PD, as assessed by MDS-UPDRS Part III, as well as motor complications (Part IV) and motor experiences of daily living (Part II), and the incidence of gastrointestinal and systemic side effects. Meta-analysis showed that GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly improved motor function, as reflected by MDS-UPDRS Part III scores in the ON state (mean difference = - 2.88; p = 0.01; I[2] = 30%), although they were associated with a higher incidence of adverse events across all safety outcomes. Findings and conclusions of this review will contribute to a clearer understanding of the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PD, guiding future clinical research and treatment strategies.},
}

@article {pmid40848858,
year = {2025},
author = {Chen, X and Ma, Y and Liu, H and Wang, Y},
title = {Multifunctional regulation and treatment of ubiquitin specific protease 10.},
journal = {Biochemical pharmacology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {117251},
doi = {10.1016/j.bcp.2025.117251},
pmid = {40848858},
issn = {1873-2968},
abstract = {USP10 is a critical deubiquitinating enzyme within the ubiquitin-specific protease family, playing multifaceted roles in cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. Structurally composed of a G3BP1-interacting motif, a N-terminal domain (mediating most protein interactions), and a catalytic USP domain (residues 415-795, catalytic triad C424-H736-D751), USP10 regulates diverse cellular pathways by stabilizing key proteins through deubiquitination. It exhibits context-dependent functional duality, particularly in cancer: USP10 promotes tumorigenesis in various cancers (e.g., glioblastoma, esophageal, pancreatic, breast cancers) by stabilizing oncoproteins like CCND1, YAP1, HDAC7, and RUNX1, enhancing proliferation, metastasis, and immune evasion. Conversely, it suppresses tumors (e.g., NSCLC, CRC, thyroid cancer) by stabilizing tumor suppressors like p53, PTEN, and Axin1, inhibiting pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin. Beyond oncology, USP10 contributes to neurodegenerative diseases (neuroprotective in PD/ALS, neurotoxic in AD via Tau stabilization), viral immunity (inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection), inflammatory responses, male reproduction, and metabolic/cardiovascular disorders. Its regulatory mechanisms include phosphorylation (e.g., by AMPK, AKT, ATM) controlling subcellular localization and activity, and ubiquitination via USP13. USP10's therapeutic significance drives inhibitor development (Spautin-1, D1, Wu-5, P22077, Parthenolide), though cross-reactivity within the USP family due to conserved catalytic domains remains a challenge. Novel strategies like PROTACs and engineered ubiquitin variants (UbVs) offer promise for future selective targeting of USP10 dysregulation in diverse diseases. A comprehensive understanding of its structure and context-specific functions is essential for exploiting its full therapeutic potential.},
}

@article {pmid40840854,
year = {2025},
author = {Fernàndez-Bernal, A and Mota, N and Pamplona, R and Area-Gómez, E and Portero-Otin, M},
title = {Mission cholesterol: Uncovering its hidden role in ALS neurodegeneration.},
journal = {Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {168021},
doi = {10.1016/j.bbadis.2025.168021},
pmid = {40840854},
issn = {1879-260X},
abstract = {Cholesterol is a central determinant of membrane architecture, signaling, and cellular homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). While historically viewed as a structural component, emerging evidence highlights its dynamic regulatory role in neuronal function, particularly through its compartmentalized synthesis, trafficking, and turnover. This review examines the complex landscape of cholesterol metabolism in the CNS, emphasizing the cooperative roles of astrocytes and neurons, the partitioning of biosynthetic pathways, and the barriers that distinguish brain cholesterol pools from peripheral sources. We focus on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) as key regulatory platforms for cholesterol sensing, esterification, and signaling, underscoring their emerging role in neurodegenerative diseases. Disruptions in MAM integrity, lipid raft composition, and transcriptional regulation of cholesterol-handling genes have been linked to pathologies such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), particularly through the actions of TDP-43. By consolidating recent findings from lipidomics, cell biology, and disease models, we propose that cholesterol dyshomeostasis constitutes a shared mechanistic axis across diverse neurodegenerative conditions. Understanding this axis offers novel insights into the metabolic vulnerability of neurons and highlights cholesterol metabolism as a promising target for therapeutic intervention.},
}

@article {pmid40839108,
year = {2025},
author = {Mukherjea, N and Khandelwal, A and Saluja, R and Kalra, N},
title = {The Role of the human microbiome in neurodegenerative diseases: A Perspective.},
journal = {Current genetics},
volume = {71},
number = {1},
pages = {17},
pmid = {40839108},
issn = {1432-0983},
mesh = {Humans ; *Neurodegenerative Diseases/microbiology ; *Microbiota ; Parkinson Disease/microbiology ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Alzheimer Disease/microbiology ; Inflammasomes ; Inflammation/microbiology ; },
abstract = {Advances in diagnostics, therapeutics, and large-scale clinical studies have significantly expanded our understanding how human health is shaped by the microorganisms that colonize the body since birth. This article explores the rapidly evolving field of human microbiome research, focusing upon how microbial communities influence neurological health and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Multiple factors, including age, lifestyle, and immunological memory, are recognized as major determinants of an individual's microbiome composition, which in turn can influence the onset and the progression of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These conditions have been linked to mechanisms including the aggregation of pathogenic proteins (e.g., amyloid-β and α-synuclein), inflammation driven by activation of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the modulatory effect of microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The article also highlights ongoing research and emerging strategies aimed at leveraging the human microbiome for better diagnosis, and management of NDs.},
}

Humans
*Neurodegenerative Diseases/microbiology
*Microbiota
Parkinson Disease/microbiology
*Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Alzheimer Disease/microbiology
Inflammasomes
Inflammation/microbiology

@article {pmid40838713,
year = {2025},
author = {Noor, SM and Reddy, DH and Srikanth, Y and Viswanadh, MK and Dumala, N and Chakravarthy, G and Nalluri, BN and Naryanarao, A and Duguluri, S and Yadagiri, G and Prasanna, VS and Sundaram, S and Gujjari, L and Ramakrishna, K},
title = {Morin hydrate: a comprehensive review on therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases.},
journal = {Nutritional neuroscience},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-25},
doi = {10.1080/1028415X.2025.2544605},
pmid = {40838713},
issn = {1476-8305},
abstract = {Background: Morin hydrate is a polyphenolic flavonoid present in various vegetables, fruits, nuts, and sea products. It has been reported to offer multiple protective effects against a range of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, liver, neurological, metabolic, and renal disorders.Objective: This review highlights the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of Morin in neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, stroke, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, depression, anxiety, sleep, encephalopathy, schizophrenia, and psychosis, etc.Methods: The research and review articles were collected from the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using 'Morin' and the above-mentioned neurological diseases as keywords.Results: The neuroprotective effects of Morin are primarily attributed to its ability to mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, excitotoxicity, calcium dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotransmitter alterations, protein modifications, and enzymatic inhibition.Conclusion: Despite its promising pharmacological profile, the clinical adaptation of Morin for combating neurological diseases requires further validation through comprehensive preclinical and clinical investigations.},
}

@article {pmid40837865,
year = {2025},
author = {Khan, H and Riaz, H and Ahmed, A and Kiyani, MM and Jawad, SM and Ud Din Shah, SS and Abualait, T and Al-Hussain, F and Li, HT and Bashir, S},
title = {CRISPR/Cas9 a genomic engineering technology for treatment in ALS mouse models.},
journal = {Regenerative therapy},
volume = {30},
number = {},
pages = {575-583},
pmid = {40837865},
issn = {2352-3204},
abstract = {Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain regions, leading to a reduced survival rate in patients. Nearly 20 gene mutations are associated with ALS, with SOD1, FUS, TARDBP, and C9orf72 mutations being more common. Ninety percent of ALS cases are related to sporadic ALS, while the remaining 10 % are associated with familial ALS. CRISPR/Cas9, a genome engineering technology known as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system 9, has the potential for gene editing and for studying the underlying mechanisms of ALS in mouse models. This technique enables neuroscientists to reverse mutations found in ALS mouse models, providing new hope for understanding the complexities of ALS. Additionally, this tool can create mutations to probe the functional changes of genetic diseases. Using CRISPR/Cas9 with an in vivo delivery method involving adeno-associated vectors, it is possible to silence mutations in the SOD1-linked ALS mouse model. Some limitations related to CRISPR/Cas9 have been discussed in previous studies and need to be addressed before clinical trials can proceed. In this review-based study, we summarise the latest research on CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for ALS in mouse models and discuss its limitations and future prospects as well.},
}

@article {pmid39787049,
year = {2025},
author = {Gurung, S and Chaudhury, H},
title = {Relationship-Centered Care for Older Adults in Long-Term Care Homes: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society},
volume = {44},
number = {9},
pages = {1513-1532},
pmid = {39787049},
issn = {1552-4523},
mesh = {Humans ; *Long-Term Care/organization & administration ; Aged ; *Patient-Centered Care/organization & administration ; *Nursing Homes/organization & administration ; *Homes for the Aged/organization & administration ; Quality of Health Care ; New Zealand ; },
abstract = {This scoping review, following Levac et al.'s methodology, examines the implementation and impact of relationship-centered care (RCC) in long-term care (LTC) settings for older adults. Peer-reviewed articles from AgeLine, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were included if published after 2000, involved older adults in LTC homes, focused on RCC, and conducted in Australia, Europe, New Zealand, or North America. Key findings were organized using inductive content analysis, and 41 empirical studies with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods designs were included. Three categories emerged: (1) Core Practices of RCC-relationship building and reciprocal exchange; (2) Transformative Impacts of RCC-improved care quality and collaboration; and (3) Pathways and Roadblocks to RCC-individual and organizational factors. By understanding the key elements, facilitators, and barriers of RCC, policymakers and practitioners can develop targeted strategies to improve care experiences and outcomes for residents, families, staff, and all others involved in LTC.},
}

Humans
*Long-Term Care/organization & administration
Aged
*Patient-Centered Care/organization & administration
*Nursing Homes/organization & administration
*Homes for the Aged/organization & administration
Quality of Health Care
New Zealand

@article {pmid40835551,
year = {2025},
author = {Rajsic, S and Treml, B and Breitkopf, R and Lederer, W},
title = {Ethical Considerations for Patients Requiring Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.},
journal = {Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1053/j.jvca.2025.07.032},
pmid = {40835551},
issn = {1532-8422},
abstract = {Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and the initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can significantly improve survival chances. The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during CPR (eCPR) could further enhance survival rates. Current evidence supports the implementation of eCPR as a part of the Advanced Life Support protocol, which may positively affect survival and long-term neurological outcomes and provide additional time for diagnosing and treating the underlying cause of cardiac arrest. Based on the patient's potential for recovery and neurological outcome, multidisciplinary teams can pursue weaning of the patient from mechanical support or withdrawal of care in the case of an unfavorable outcome. These decisions should align with the patient's values, prognosis, and ethical guidelines. A healthcare system that actively promotes eCPR as a standardized part of every Advanced Life Support protocol may face challenges, such as an increased number of patients requiring constant care in long-term care facilities. This could potentially lead to a reduced quality of life and create burdens on patients, families, the healthcare system, and society. Furthermore, in cases of potential organ donation, the principles of beneficence and autonomy may place healthcare providers in significant ethical dilemmas. Given the potential for eCPR to become a standard of care for eligible patients, this work focuses on the ethical and social implications, as well as the impact on the healthcare system.},
}

@article {pmid40831763,
year = {2025},
author = {B S, P and Talwar, P},
title = {Influence of palmitoylation in axonal transport mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases.},
journal = {Frontiers in cellular neuroscience},
volume = {19},
number = {},
pages = {1613379},
pmid = {40831763},
issn = {1662-5102},
abstract = {Progressive functional loss and death of neurons are characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These diseases are often linked with disruptions in axonal transport and synaptic functions. Accumulation of misfolded proteins is observed as a commonly shared pathology for these diseases, where aberrant accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ), tau, α-synuclein (α-syn) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), are found in AD, PD and ALS, respectively. These accumulations are observed to be involved in disrupting axonal transport and compromising neuronal survival. Axonal transport is an essential process where proper functioning of the transport mechanism is important for maintaining neuronal hemostasis by transporting of proteins, organelles and neurotransmitter complexes. This review explores the role of palmitoylation in regulating neuronal axonal transport and their impact on other neuronal functions along with neurodegeneration mechanisms. Palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification, which is widely studied second to phosphorylation. Enzymes like palmitoyl acyltransferases and acyl-protein thioesterases are responsible for attachment and detachment of palmitic acid causing palmitoylation and depalmitoylation of neuronal proteins. In axonal transport, palmitoylation influences the localization and functioning of the proteins, which connectively plays a role in synaptic stability by interacting with synaptic scaffolding proteins and neurotransmission receptors.},
}

@article {pmid40657896,
year = {2025},
author = {Dogra, SR and Bhonsle, J and Sharma, A},
title = {MicroRNA Dysregulation in Neurodegeneration: Role, Biomarker Potential and Therapeutics.},
journal = {The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-12},
doi = {10.1017/cjn.2025.10361},
pmid = {40657896},
issn = {0317-1671},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a group of complex disorders marked by pathophysiological mechanisms involving protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Irrespective of extensive research advances, NDDs have become a serious global concern and persist as a major therapeutic challenge. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have established a pivotal role in combating NDDs. The altered expression of miRNAs is reported to be associated with the progression of various NDDs. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis; dysregulation in NDDs, specifically Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; their potential as biomarkers; and promising therapeutic targets. Additionally, there are various emerging technologies discussed that are advanced approaches to enhance miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics.},
}

@article {pmid40829685,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, Y and Zhou, Y and Tian, H and Li, Q and Chen, Y and Wang, L and Yin, Z and Zhou, J and Liang, F},
title = {NF-κB signalling pathway in neurodegenerative diseases: Acupuncture as a potential therapeutic approach.},
journal = {Brain research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {149893},
doi = {10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149893},
pmid = {40829685},
issn = {1872-6240},
abstract = {The NF-κB signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, particularly through its role in the regulation neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, protein misfolding, and apoptosis. Emerging evidence suggests that acupuncture modulates the NF-κB pathway, thus offering therapeutic potential by mitigating neuroinflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting mitochondrial function. Specifically, acupuncture inhibits NF-κB activation, downregulates pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-6, and mitigates neurotoxicity and apoptosis. These effects are substantiated in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, with preliminary evidence in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models. However, current studies largely rely on preclinical models with limited acupoint selection, short observation periods, and a lack of standardized protocols, posing challenges for translation to clinical settings. Future research should prioritize well-designed clinical trials, expand acupoint combinations, and explore synergistic effects with conventional therapies, aiming to maximize acupuncture's therapeutic efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40828270,
year = {2025},
author = {Harerimana, A and Pillay, JD and Mchunu, G},
title = {The pitfalls of "toughing it out": mapping stoic attitudes in cancer patients. A scoping review.},
journal = {Medicine, health care, and philosophy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40828270},
issn = {1572-8633},
abstract = {Stoicism (with an upper-case 'S') as a life philosophy promotes resilience, self-control and rational acceptance of adversity. In contrast, lower-case stoicism, including pseudo-stoicism or stoic attitudes-characterised by emotional suppression and the silent endurance of pain or hardship-has been linked to adverse health outcomes among cancer patients. Thus, further research is needed to understand the drawbacks of stoic attitudes in cancer patients. This scoping review aims to map stoic attitudes in cancer patients, particularly in relation to potential health consequences. The review adhered to Levac et al.'s framework for scoping reviews. A systematic search was conducted from five electronic databases: CINAHL, Emcare, Medline Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science. Manual searches were conducted using Google and Google Scholar. A total of 955 records were identified, 526 were screened (title and abstracts), and 450 were excluded. After reviewing 76 full-text articles, 12 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for data extraction and thematic analysis, consisting of five qualitative and seven quantitative studies. A time frame of 10 years was considered, ranging from 2014 to 2024. This scoping review revealed that pseudo-stoic attitudes in cancer patients often lead to emotional suppression, reduced social support, delayed help-seeking and poor management of symptoms such as pain. These attitudes were linked to poorer psychological outcomes and underreporting of symptoms, especially among older males and rural cancer patients. Studies found that stoic traits were sometimes associated with persistence and treatment adherence among cancer patients. Pseudo-stoicism hinders emotional expression and delays help-seeking, leading to adverse health outcomes; however, stoic attitudes are also associated with adaptive qualities, such as psychological endurance and a commitment to care. Therefore, it is vital to promote balanced coping strategies that honour resilience while encouraging open emotional engagement among cancer patients.},
}

@article {pmid40821767,
year = {2025},
author = {Zhao, S and Fu, D and Lin, Y and Sun, X and Wang, X and Wu, X and Zhang, X},
title = {The role of the microbiome on immune homeostasis of the host nervous system.},
journal = {Frontiers in immunology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1609960},
pmid = {40821767},
issn = {1664-3224},
abstract = {The gut microbiota is often termed the "second genome" of the human body. It has been shown to be one of the most significant environmental factors (non-genetic) influencing the onset, progression, and prognosis of various neurological and psychiatric disorders through its interactions with the host immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. Changes in the function and composition of the gut microbiota are strongly associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the research regarding the associations and regulatory mechanisms between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system in order to explore the role of the gut microbiota in maintaining neural homeostasis.},
}

@article {pmid40819701,
year = {2025},
author = {Haslam, AX and Blandón, MDMT and Castro, ASR},
title = {Ocular manifestations in Dengue Fever: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.},
journal = {American journal of ophthalmology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajo.2025.08.021},
pmid = {40819701},
issn = {1879-1891},
abstract = {TOPIC: Ocular manifestations in dengue fever remain underrecognized despite reports of vision-threatening complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of ocular manifestations in dengue patients, characterizing their spectrum, frequency, and clinical significance.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dengue fever affects millions globally, predominantly in tropical regions. While systemic complications are well documented, ophthalmic involvement remains poorly defined, with variable prevalence estimates and unclear risk factors. Early recognition is crucial for timely intervention, particularly in endemic areas where clinical suspicion is low.

METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and LILACS. Eligible studies included observational studies reporting the prevalence of ocular manifestations in dengue patients. Risk of bias was assessed using Hoy et al.'s tool for prevalence studies. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using I[2] statistics.

RESULTS: A total of 32 studies, including 11,426 patients, were included. The pooled prevalence of ocular manifestations, calculated from 16 studies, was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22-0.45, I[2] = 91.8%). Retro-ocular pain had a pooled prevalence of 0.20 (95% CI: 0.10-0.37, I[2] = 99.6%), while blurred vision was reported in 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05-0.23, I[2] = 92.8%). Among structural manifestations, subconjunctival hemorrhage had a prevalence of 0.18 (95% CI: 0.10-0.30, I[2] = 94.1%), retinal hemorrhage 0.08 (95% CI: 0.05-0.12, I[2] = 77.8%), maculopathy 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02-0.08, I[2] = 91.6%), and uveitis 0.05 (95% CI: 0.01-0.24, I[2] = 97.4%). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies, likely due to differences in diagnostic criteria, study populations, and disease severity.

CONCLUSION: This study highlights a substantial prevalence of ocular manifestations in dengue patients, emphasizing the need for increased clinical awareness, particularly in endemic regions. Given the heterogeneity in reported prevalence, future research should focus on prospective, standardized ophthalmologic assessments to improve early diagnosis and management.},
}

@article {pmid40817431,
year = {2025},
author = {SyBing, AB and Chen, H and Wang, DD},
title = {Re-Evaluation of Fixed Dosing Versus Body Size-Based Dosing Approaches for Large Molecule Therapeutics in Adults.},
journal = {Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/cpt.70015},
pmid = {40817431},
issn = {1532-6535},
abstract = {Wang et al.[1] (2009) and Zhang et al.[2] (2011) recommended a fixed dosing approach for large molecule therapeutics for first-in-human (FIH) trials, based on the finding that the majority of α values (body size effect on clearance) were < 0.5 across 12 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and 18 therapeutic proteins (TPs) and peptides, and fixed dosing provides advantages such as convenience, reduced medical errors, and cost-effectiveness. They also recommended that the approved dosing approach should be determined by α and the therapeutic window. This review aims to re-evaluate these recommendations using a larger dataset (N = 143) of diverse molecules. Results showed 62% (78/126) of non-ADC drugs were approved with fixed dosing, and 58% (28/48) of non-ADC drugs approved with body size-based dosing had an α < 0.7 where fixed dosing would be appropriate. Therefore, only the remaining 16% (20/126) of non-ADC drugs required body size-based dosing. In addition, the FIH dosing approach had significant implications on the approved dosing approach with 68% (90/133) of drugs using the same dosing approach in FIH and approval. Lastly, of non-ADC drugs evaluated, 56% (71/126) demonstrated a relationship between α and the approved dosing approach. When α did not explain the approved dosing approach, lack of clinically meaningful differences in exposure (49%, 27/55) was the most common justification. These findings confirm Wang et al.'s and Zhang et al.'s previous conclusions, continuing to support their recommendations. Based on these insights, a decision tree is proposed for selecting the appropriate dosing approach at each stage of drug development.},
}

@article {pmid40813983,
year = {2025},
author = {Wang, YT and Li, Q and Liu, JC and Chen, C and Ding, HX and Zha, X and Zhang, K},
title = {Cystatin F-a key player in central nervous system disease.},
journal = {Journal of neuroinflammation},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {203},
pmid = {40813983},
issn = {1742-2094},
support = {81901005//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 81571046//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2022-MS-203//Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province/ ; JYTMS20230122//Basic Scientific Research Project of the Education Department of Liaoning Province/ ; LJKZ0755//Educational Department of Liaoning province/ ; 2023JH2/20200116//Department of Science & Technology of Liaoning province/ ; },
abstract = {Cystatin F is an endogenous cysteine protease inhibitor that belongs to the type II cystatin family. It has several unique characteristic structures that determine some of its specific functions. Cystatin F is expressed predominantly in peripheral immune cells and in the microglia of the central nervous system (CNS). Under physiological conditions, the expression of cystatin F in the CNS is minimal. However, emerging evidence suggests that it is significantly upregulated in several CNS diseases. Intriguingly, the role of cystatin F differs across disease contexts-serving a neuroprotective function while promoting pathological progression. Moreover, its function may shift across different pathological stages within the same disorder, reflecting a multifaceted pathophysiology. Cystatin F primarily acts by modulating neuroinflammation, clearing debris, and orchestrating immune responses via its selective expression in disease-associated microglia. As a vital player in CNS diseases, various intervention strategies targeting cystatin F have been proposed, including receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 pathway inhibition, miRNA targeting, mRNA stabilization, necroptosis inhibition, transcriptional regulation and upstream pathway modulation. Several approaches have yielded encouraging results in preclinical models, underscoring the therapeutic potential of modulating cystatin F activity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural features, biological functions, and diverse roles of cystatin F in CNS diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, prion disease, and glioblastoma. Recent advances in therapeutic interventions focusing on cystatin F have been critically assessed, and key challenges related to clinical translation are outlined, offering new perspectives on therapeutic directions.},
}

@article {pmid40810164,
year = {2025},
author = {Alo, B and Lamers, C},
title = {Crossing Barriers: Advancements in Macromolecular Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Strategies to Overcome the Blood-Brain Barrier.},
journal = {ACS pharmacology & translational science},
volume = {8},
number = {8},
pages = {2353-2383},
pmid = {40810164},
issn = {2575-9108},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, present considerable challenges for our societies and health systems due to their progressive nature, the demographic shift toward older populations, and limited treatment options. Recent advances in macromolecular therapeutics, including antibodies, peptides, and proteins, offer novel therapeutic modalities for a broad range of diseases. Their high potency and specificity hold promise for disease-modifying therapies to combat neurodegenerative diseases. However, the blood-brain barrier poses a significant challenge for the effective delivery of these large molecules to the central nervous system. This review discusses the physiological role of the blood-brain barrier and its influence on restricting the exposure of macromolecules in the brain. Furthermore, emerging strategies for enhancing blood-brain barrier permeability to macromolecules are highlighted. This review summarizes modifications designed to utilize receptor-mediated uptake, adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, carrier-mediated transport, and nanoparticle-based delivery systems to overcome the blood-brain barrier. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of testing macromolecular therapeutics for their blood-brain barrier permeability and review the methods for such in vitro and in vivo testing. Finally, we shed light on therapeutics in preclinical and clinical development for neurodegenerative diseases and their challenges.},
}

@article {pmid40807333,
year = {2025},
author = {Godela, A and Rogacz, D and Pawłowska, B and Biczak, R},
title = {Natural Neuroinflammatory Modulators: Therapeutic Potential of Fungi-Derived Compounds in Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases.},
journal = {Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {30},
number = {15},
pages = {},
pmid = {40807333},
issn = {1420-3049},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remain incurable. Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on slowing disease progression, alleviating symptoms, and improving patients' quality of life, including the management of comorbid conditions. Over the past few decades, the incidence of diagnosed neurodegenerative disorders has risen significantly. As the number of affected individuals continues to grow, so does the urgent need for effective treatments that can halt or mitigate the progression of these diseases. Among the most promising therapeutic resources are bioactive compounds derived from fungi. The high quality of proteins, polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, triterpenoids, sterols, and secondary metabolites found in fungi have attracted growing interest from researchers across multiple disciplines. One intensively studied direction involves the use of naturally occurring fungi-derived nutraceuticals in the treatment of various diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions. This article provides an overview of recent findings on fungal compounds-such as phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, peptides and proteins, and lipids-that may have potential applications in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and the alleviation of their symptoms.},
}

@article {pmid40794238,
year = {2025},
author = {Jellinger, KA},
title = {Comorbid pathologies and their impact on progressive supranuclear palsy: current view.},
journal = {Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40794238},
issn = {1435-1463},
support = {Society for the Promotion of Research in Experimental Neurology, Vienna, Austria//Society for the Promotion of Research in Experimental Neurology, Vienna, Austria/ ; },
abstract = {Progressive supranuclear palsy, a four-repeat tauopathy, is clinically characterized by early postural instability and falls, vertical supranuclear palsy, levodopa poorly-responsive parkinsonism, pseudobulbar palsy, and cognitive impairment. It is morphologically featured by accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in neurons and glia predominantly in the basal ganglia, brainstem tegmentum and frontal cortex, associated with degeneration of the extrapyramidal system and cortical atrophy. Isolated PSP neuropathology is uncommon, with nearly 70% showing co-neuropathologies including Alzheimer-type, Lewy body, TDP-43 pathologies, argyrophilic grains, and other tauopathies and neurodegenerative disorders (Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). The most common comorbid conditions are hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, polyneuropathies, muscular and urological disorders. Due the increased prevalence of comorbidities and their eminent impact on the progress and outcome of the disease, clinical trials should account for them in their design and selection. However, currently little is known about co-pathologies in these patients. In view of the eminent burden of comorbidities and resulting therapeutic consequences, the frequency of the different co-pathologies in PSP and their clinical impact will be discussed. It should provide insight into their pathogenic backgrounds as a basis for adequate treatment procedures to improve the quality of life of patients with this fatal disease.},
}

@article {pmid40787733,
year = {2025},
author = {Raaphorst, J and Gullick, NJ and Shokraneh, F and Brassington, R and Min, M and Ali, SS and Gordon, PA},
title = {Non-targeted immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.},
journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
volume = {8},
number = {8},
pages = {CD015855},
pmid = {40787733},
issn = {1469-493X},
mesh = {Humans ; *Myositis/drug therapy ; *Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Dermatomyositis/drug therapy ; *Immunomodulating Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects ; Bias ; Child ; Adult ; Polymyositis/drug therapy ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disorders of skeletal muscles with non-muscle involvement in some people, which carry significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment of IIM represents an area of unmet need. This review is an update of a review previously published in 2012, as new and promising data on non-targeted treatments have emerged.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects (benefits and harms) of non-targeted immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory treatments for IIM: dermatomyositis (DM, including juvenile dermatomyositis, jDM), immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM), anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS), overlap-myositis (OM) and polymyositis (PM). We also included cancer-related myositis and amyopathic dermatomyositis.

SEARCH METHODS: On 3 February 2023, we searched the Cochrane Neuromuscular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO ICTRP. We intended to check references and citations, and contact experts to identify additional studies, but lacked the resources.

SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs involving participants (adults and children) with IIM according to defined criteria. We included non-targeted immunosuppressants and immunomodulatory treatments alone or in combination, compared with a placebo, no treatment or another non-targeted immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory treatment. Our two primary outcomes were improvement of function or disability and improvement of muscle strength compared with baseline. By preference, we used the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) for disability and the Manual Muscle Test-8 (MMT8) score (adults or children) for muscle strength. Other outcomes were achievement of definitions of improvement (DOI) (the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies (IMACS) Group or the more recent total improvement scores (TIS); for children, we reported achievement of improvement defined by the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO)), cumulative corticosteroid dose, change in skin disease activity, serious adverse event and withdrawals for lack of benefit or adverse events.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We followed standard Cochrane methodology. To assess the risk of bias, we used the domain-based Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 1). We used fixed-effect models and, when needed, random-effects models for meta-analysis. We created summary of findings tables for any comparison for which data were available but prioritised comparisons of the following with placebo, no treatment or standard care: immunoglobulin, azathioprine and methotrexate. We included other comparisons as additional tables. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach.

MAIN RESULTS: We identified 16 studies (789 participants). The risk of bias in all but one study was high or unclear. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), compared to placebo, probably improves disability and muscle strength in participants with refractory IIM (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51 to 1.21 (disability) and 0.78, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.13 (muscle strength); 3 RCTs, 136 participants; both moderate-certainty evidence). IVIg has a higher response rate based on American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) criteria than placebo (risk ratio (RR) 1.80, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.56; 1 RCT, 95 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). IVIg, compared to placebo, improves skin symptoms (Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) total activity score 0 to 100; higher worse) in people with refractory DM (mean difference (MD) -8.20, 95% CI -11.91 to -4.49; 1 RCT, 95 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There may be more serious adverse events with IVIg than with placebo (RR 1.91, 95% CI 0.50 to 7.30; 2 RCTs, 144 participants; very low-certainty evidence), but little or no difference between IVIg and placebo in withdrawals for either lack of benefit or adverse events (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.24 to 4.33; 3 RCTs, 154 participants; very low-certainty evidence). For azathioprine versus placebo, one study showed little or no effect of azathioprine on improvement in muscle strength, but the evidence was very uncertain (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.43 to 4.13; 1 RCT; 16 participants; very low-certainty evidence). The evidence was also very uncertain for cumulative steroid dose (MD 12.06 mg/kg, 95% CI -6.09 to 30.21; 1 RCT, 16 participants; very low-certainty evidence). This early study did not assess IMACS DOI or CDASI or measure function or disability. Serious adverse events and withdrawals for either lack of benefit or adverse events were not systematically reported. For methotrexate, there may be little or no improvement in adults with DM or PM in function (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale 0 to 40, higher better) (MD 1.24, 95% CI -1.60 to 4.08; 1 RCT, 27 participants; very low-certainty evidence), muscle strength (MMT scale 0 to 80, higher better) (MD -5.68, 95% CI -12.94 to 1.58; 1 RCT, 27 participants; very low-certainty evidence), achievement of IMACS DOI (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.39; 1 RCT, 27 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Cumulative steroid dose was measured, but the data could not be analysed, and change in CDASI was not measured. In children with new-onset jDM on a background therapy of prednisone, a higher proportion may achieve minimal improvement according to the PRINTO criteria with methotrexate than with placebo (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.96; 1 RCT, 93 participants; low-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events may occur slightly more frequently with methotrexate (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.54 to 4.07; 2 RCTs, 124 participants; low-certainty evidence). There may be fewer withdrawals for lack of benefit or adverse events with methotrexate (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.05; 3 RCTs, 151 participants; low-certainty evidence).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Our review shows improvement in disability, muscle strength and skin symptoms following IVIg in people with refractory DM (for PM, these data are not reliable; other subtypes have not been investigated in RCTs). The improvements related to IVIg in DM may be clinically meaningful, but the absence of established minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for both disability and muscle strength in IIM does not facilitate interpretation. For the other agents, the small number of trials of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies is inadequate to decide whether these agents are beneficial in IIM (excluding IBM). Our review shows room for improvement in the conduct and reporting of clinical trials in IIM, as well as the need to further investigate MCIDs for important outcome measures in IIM.},
}

Humans
*Myositis/drug therapy
*Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Dermatomyositis/drug therapy
*Immunomodulating Agents/therapeutic use/adverse effects
Bias
Child
Adult
Polymyositis/drug therapy

@article {pmid40787603,
year = {2025},
author = {Fonseca, I and Rueda, M and Cabanzo, C},
title = {The effect of dance interventions on well-being dimensions in older adults: a systematic review.},
journal = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
volume = {7},
number = {},
pages = {1594754},
pmid = {40787603},
issn = {2624-9367},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Dance is increasingly recognized as a strategy that can support healthy aging. It incorporates physical, emotional, cognitive, and social engagement, which makes it particularly relevant for older populations. However, the effects of dance on multidimensional well-being have not yet been thoroughly synthesized.

OBJECTIVES: Systematically review empirical studies examining the effects of dance-based interventions on physical, emotional, cognitive, and social dimensions of well-being in older adults. We considered studies that assessed one or more of these dimensions as indicators of well-being.

DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified through database searches in Scopus, Web of Science, and SportDiscus conducted between October and November 2024.

Included studies were qualitative or quantitative empirical research published in peer-reviewed journals. Participants were adults aged 60 and older or identified as older adults. Interventions involved dance-based activities. Comparators included no intervention or alternative physical or recreational programs. The outcomes addressed at least one domain of well-being.

SYNTHESIS METHODS: This review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligibility criteria were defined using the PICOS framework. Study quality was assessed using Law et al.'s (1998) 16-item checklist. Due to methodological heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was performed.

LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: Although the results suggest that dance is a promising, low-cost intervention for promoting multidimensional well-being in older adults, several limitations should be noted. Many studies had small sample sizes or did not report effect sizes or randomization. Furthermore, some studies assessed only one or two dimensions of well-being rather than a multidimensional profile. This limits the scope of conclusions that can be drawn about integrated well-being. Future research should prioritize more rigorous designs, standardize multidimensional outcome measures, and assess long-term integrative effects to better inform health promotion policies.},
}

@article {pmid40779080,
year = {2025},
author = {Huo, X and Wang, L and Ma, J and Wu, Z and Wang, K},
title = {Bibliometric analysis of publication trends in meningioma research (1992 - 2023).},
journal = {Neurosurgical review},
volume = {48},
number = {1},
pages = {595},
pmid = {40779080},
issn = {1437-2320},
support = {2024-4-2048//Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research/ ; 2022YFE0112500//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 62027813//National Natural Science Foundation of China,China/ ; YGLX202518//Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical medicine Development of special funding support/ ; },
mesh = {*Meningioma ; *Bibliometrics ; Humans ; *Meningeal Neoplasms ; *Biomedical Research ; },
abstract = {The purpose of this study was providing an overview of meningioma research and its current situation. We conducted a bibliometric study of 14,027 articles and reviews on meningioma between January, 1992 to June, 2023 with the bibliometrix tool and VOSviewer. The distribution of authorship and collaboration patterns among countries, institutions, publications, and authors were analyzed. Core sources was analyzed with Bradford's law and author productivity was analyzed with Lotka's Law. The current situation and key areas were assessed through co-occurrence analysis. The number of publications has steadily increased over the years. The United States and University California San Francisco made the most contribution country and institution, respectively. Among the cited authors, Zhang J. emerged as the leading contributor while Perry A. was the most productive. Black P.M. had the highest h-index and Nassiri F. ranked first among the m-index. The most frequently cited study was Louis D.N. et al.'s 2016 publication in Acta Neuropathologica, titled "The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary." The journals with the most published articles and most cited publications were World Neurosurgery and Journal of Neurosurgery, respectively. According to keyword analysis, treatment option, chemotherapy, NF2 gene and estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor are becoming more popular. This study provided a comprehensive overview of meningioma research, as well as potential future research fields, such as the chemotherapy and NF2 gene.},
}

*Meningioma
*Bibliometrics
Humans
*Meningeal Neoplasms
*Biomedical Research

@article {pmid40775702,
year = {2025},
author = {Seckin, M and Tiwana, R and Fry, D and Bailey, C},
title = {Key themes and approaches in palliative and end-of-life care education for the general public: a systematic review.},
journal = {BMC palliative care},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {219},
pmid = {40775702},
issn = {1472-684X},
support = {2683473//NHS England/ ; 2683473//NHS England/ ; 2683473//NHS England/ ; 2683473//NHS England/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Terminal Care/methods/standards ; *Palliative Care/methods/standards ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Families, friends, and communities play a vital role in supporting individuals facing declining health, caregiving duties, loss, or grief, especially with the growing desire to die at home. The general public can significantly impact end-of-life care and offer essential support mechanisms. This review aimed to explore and identify key educational components related to palliative and end-of-life care for citizens, volunteers, and the general public.

METHODS: A mixed-method systematic review was conducted, incorporating four electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library) and grey literature searches, and quality was assessed using Hawker et al.'s (2002) critical appraisal checklists.

RESULTS: Twenty studies published between 2011 and 2023 were included, covering topics in palliative, end-of-life care, and bereavement education. These studies involved a total of 10,307 participants and identified 16 different educational programmes for the public, volunteers, and lay caregivers. The analysis revealed six main themes: foundational concepts and philosophies, communication and decision-making, planning and preparation, symptom management, end-of-life care practices, and caregiving support.

CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the importance of training programmes to improve community involvement in caregiving and enhance the quality of care for individuals with life-limiting conditions. Expanding access to such educational resources can empower more people to contribute confidently to end-of-life care in their communities.

PROSPERO-ID: CRD42024533124.},
}

Humans
*Terminal Care/methods/standards
*Palliative Care/methods/standards

@article {pmid40712472,
year = {2025},
author = {Yousef, AM and Cantor-Cutiva, LC and Hunter, EJ},
title = {Mapping 74 years in acoustic analysis of voice disorders: A bibliometric review and future research directions.},
journal = {Journal of communication disorders},
volume = {117},
number = {},
pages = {106555},
pmid = {40712472},
issn = {1873-7994},
support = {R01 DC012315/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis to identify and examine the strengths, gaps, and trends in research on acoustic voice assessment for voice disorders.

METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was performed on journal articles about voice disorders and acoustic voice assessment in English, Spanish, and Portuguese using seven indexed databases. The analyzed bibliometric parameters included publication year, authors, institutions, countries, journals, subject areas, and keywords. VOSviewer software was used for keyword co-occurrence analysis and authorships network analysis. The initial search yielded 6532 publications, with 1253 relevant papers after screening (1951-2024).

RESULTS: Publications in acoustic voice assessment had 74 years of exponential growth (25 % published after 2021). The publishing journals covered 80 categories and subjects. Artificial Intelligence, though recent, was among the top journal subjects. Health conditions like dementia, Alzheimer's, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and depression were underassessed compared to Parkinson's. The literature focused on four separate themes: physiology of voice-affecting conditions; speech acoustics for evaluating dysphonia; speech production measurements for treating voice disorders; machine learning integration for voice disorder assessment.

CONCLUSIONS: Taking a wide view of acoustic voice assessment demonstrated research strengths and gaps-highlighting where it is used and not used-and the co-occurrence of various voice assessment topics. These insights reveal future opportunities to implement acoustic voice assessment.},
}

@article {pmid40709766,
year = {2025},
author = {Albrecht, I and Gilissen, J and Robijn, L and Pype, P and Deliens, L and Chambaere, K},
title = {What determines quality in palliative sedation? A scoping review identifying elements contributing to palliative sedation quality.},
journal = {Palliative medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {2692163251351534},
doi = {10.1177/02692163251351534},
pmid = {40709766},
issn = {1477-030X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Palliative sedation involves using sedatives to reduce consciousness until death. Though common in end-of-life care, it remains complex and controversial, with unclear quality parameters and limited guidance for improvement. A comprehensive overview of elements that reflect quality in palliative sedation is currently missing.

AIM: To identify quality reflecting elements for palliative sedation reported in peer-reviewed, indexed and gray literature.

DESIGN: Scoping review using Levac et al.'s methodological framework, including systematic searching, screening and narrative synthesis.

DATA SOURCES: Academic databases with indexed sources (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO) and databases also containing gray literature (MEDNAR, Web of Science) were searched between February and December 2023 for sources with primary data published after 2009, without restrictions on population or study design.

RESULTS: Among the 60 sources analyzed, 157 elements reflecting palliative sedation quality were identified and thematized into 22 themes and four overarching domains: (1) process elements of decision-making such as indication, proximity to death, timing, patient involvement, proactiveness, patient support, family involvement, artificial nutrition and hydration; (2) process elements of performance, such as level of sedation, medication use, monitoring, duration, care continuation, family support; (3) outcome elements covering patient comfort, family well-being, family satisfaction, professionals' well-being and satisfaction; (4) process elements of collaboration and documentation.

CONCLUSION: This scoping review found a broad range of elements reflecting palliative sedation quality - beyond clinical performance, sedation outcomes or patient level elements alone. These insights can inform the development of a core set of indicators to support quality monitoring in palliative sedation.},
}

@article {pmid40702300,
year = {2025},
author = {AlJuhani, AA and Desoky, RM and Binshalhoub, AA and Alzahrani, MJ and Alraythi, MS and Alzahrani, FF},
title = {Advances in postmortem interval estimation: A systematic review of machine learning and metabolomics across various tissue types.},
journal = {Forensic science, medicine, and pathology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40702300},
issn = {1556-2891},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Traditional postmortem interval (PMI) estimation methods rely on observable changes such as rigor mortis, livor mortis, and algor mortis but are often affected by environmental factors. Metabolomics, combined with techniques like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry, improves accuracy by identifying biochemical changes postmortem. Machine learning methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares (PLS), and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), enhance PMI predictions by analyzing metabolite data. This review aims to summarize advances in using machine learning for PMI estimation and identify the optimal combination of tissue samples and algorithms for accurate predictions.

METHODS: We retrieved relevant articles up to September 2024 from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE, and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted from eligible studies by two independent reviewers. This included the number and species of subjects, tissue sample used, PMI range in the study, metabolic profiling technique, machine learning algorithms, potential PMI markers, and model performance.

RESULTS: We compared machine learning models for PMI estimation across various tissues. Zhang et al. (2022) had the best performance with a random forest (RF) model using cardiac blood, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.067 h by selecting key metabolites. Wu et al. (2017) followed with an orthogonal signal-corrected PLS model (R[2] > 0.99, MAE 1.18-2.37 h). Lu et al. (2022) achieved 93% accuracy with a multi-organ stacking model. Other promising models include Zhang et al.'s (2017) nu-SVM on pericardial fluid (RMSE = 2.38 h) and Sato et al.'s (2015) PLS model on cardiac blood (MAE = 5.73 h).

CONCLUSION: Cardiac blood is best for short PMIs with random forest models, while skeletal muscle and stacking models excel for longer PMIs. Future studies should refine and validate these findings as well as extend the findings to human subjects.},
}

@article {pmid40694206,
year = {2025},
author = {Mahto, K and Kuwar, OK and Maloo, A and Kalia, N},
title = {Therapeutic potential of luteolin in neurodegenerative disorders: targeting Nrf2, NFĸB, MAPK, and JAK-STAT pathways to combat neuroinflammation and apoptosis.},
journal = {Inflammopharmacology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40694206},
issn = {1568-5608},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, Multiple sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, are characterized by progressive neuronal loss, oxidative stress, chronic neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. The Nrf2/ARE, IĸB/NFĸB, MAPK/AP-1, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways play a pivotal role in these pathological processes, making them promising therapeutic targets. Luteolin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has demonstrated potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties by modulating these interconnected pathways. Activation of Nrf2/ARE signaling by luteolin enhances cellular antioxidant defences, while its inhibition of NFĸB, MAPK/AP-1, and JAK-STAT pathways suppresses neuroinflammation and apoptotic signalling, thereby mitigating neuronal damage. Emerging evidences suggest that luteolin effectively reduces neurotoxic effects by regulating inflammatory cytokine production, stabilizing mitochondrial function, and maintaining redox homeostasis. Its ability to interfere with crosstalk between these signaling pathways highlights its potential as a multi-targeted neuroprotective agent. Preclinical studies have provided strong evidence supporting luteolin's role in mitigating neurodegeneration, suggesting its applicability in neurodegenerative disease management. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of luteolin in neurodegenerative diseases by targeting multiple pathological mechanisms. However, further investigations are needed to fully elucidate its molecular mechanisms and optimize its therapeutic benefits.},
}

@article {pmid40694109,
year = {2025},
author = {Levy, G and Schizas, C},
title = {Use and misuse of the sedimentation sign in lumbar spine stenosis.},
journal = {European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40694109},
issn = {1432-0932},
abstract = {PURPOSE: The nerve root sedimentation sign (SedSign), introduced in 2010, is a radiological marker for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) on MRI. Despite widespread adoption, methodological inconsistencies in its application across studies have raised concerns about validity. This systematic review evaluated the accuracy of SedSign definitions and their impact on conclusions in published research.

METHODS: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles utilising the SedSign. Definitions and illustrations were independently assessed by two authors against Barz et al.'s original criteria, classified as accurate, inaccurate, or absent. Study conclusions regarding SedSign's clinical and radiological utility were categorised as positive or negative. Journal metrics were analysed for correlation with reported accuracy.

RESULTS: Only 14 out of 31 studies applied the SedSign definition correctly. Of the 21 studies endorsing its utility, 10 used inaccurate definitions. Notably, 3 of 5 studies dismissing its value also misapplied the criteria. Inaccurate reporting showed no significant association with journal metrics.

CONCLUSION: Frequent misapplication of the SedSign in the literature may impact the reliability of research on lumbar spinal stenosis-even in high-impact journals. These findings expose a critical need for stricter adherence to validated radiological criteria and more vigilant peer review. Professional societies may play a key role in the future by developing comprehensive open-access guidelines to support researchers and reviewers in the standardized application of gradings and classifications, thereby enhancing consistency across studies. Ensuring methodological rigour is essential to minimise misleading conclusions with potential clinical implications.},
}

@article {pmid40648551,
year = {2025},
author = {Al-Ajlouni, YA and Al Ta'ani, O and Zweig, SA and Bak, M and Tanashat, M and Gabr, A and Khamis, Z and Al-Bitar, F and Islam, M},
title = {Assessing the Therapeutic Role of Rehabilitation Programs in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)-A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {13},
pages = {},
pmid = {40648551},
issn = {2227-9032},
abstract = {Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common, debilitating side effect of cancer treatment. Characterized by symptoms like pain, numbness, and muscle weakness, CIPN significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Current management strategies vary, with limited consensus on effective treatments. This scoping review aims to explore comprehensive rehabilitation interventions for CIPN, focusing on enhancing patient well-being and functional abilities. Methods: A scoping review, guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework and Levac et al.'s refinements, was conducted to assess rehabilitation programs for CIPN. Searches across six databases were performed, with inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on studies with physical rehabilitation interventions. Data were charted, detailing interventions, demographics, and outcomes. Results were synthesized descriptively and presented narratively with tables. Results: The review included 24 studies covering diverse cancer types and treatments, involving a total of 1167 participants. Various interventions for CIPN were assessed, and results were thematically categorized according to exercise category. Physical modalities like ultrasound and exercise showed promise in symptom relief for colorectal and breast cancer patients. No distinct advantage was found in the timing of exercise interventions. Complementary therapies such as acupuncture and yoga demonstrated effectiveness in managing CIPN symptoms. Conclusions: This review highlights the effectiveness of diverse physical and complementary interventions in managing CIPN, advocating for their integration into standard protocols. It emphasizes the need for holistic, patient-centered approaches that combine exercises, physical therapy, and complementary therapies to improve patient outcomes. These findings set a direction for future research and clinical practices focused on comprehensive and personalized CIPN management strategies.},
}

@article {pmid40639550,
year = {2025},
author = {Mondal, M and Chouksey, A and Gurjar, V and Tiwari, R and Srivasatava, RK and Mishra, PK},
title = {Micro(nano)plastics in the brain: Epigenetic perturbations in progression to neurodegenerative diseases.},
journal = {Neurotoxicology and teratology},
volume = {110},
number = {},
pages = {107521},
doi = {10.1016/j.ntt.2025.107521},
pmid = {40639550},
issn = {1872-9738},
abstract = {As global plastic production escalates, micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) have become pressing ecological and biomedical concerns. These pollutants are increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Due to their nanoscale size and surface reactivity, MNPs can cross the blood-brain barrier, accumulating in neural tissues. Once internalized, they disrupt neuronal homeostasis by inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic neuroinflammation, key processes in neurodegenerative progression. Mitochondria, central to neuronal energy and redox regulation, are particularly vulnerable, leading to impaired ATP production, elevated ROS, and pro-apoptotic signaling. Recent studies reveal that MNPs also induce epigenetic changes, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and dysregulation of non-coding RNAs. These alterations can result in synaptic instability, persistent transcriptional reprogramming, and heightened susceptibility to diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The mitochondrial epigenome is a vital target of MNP-induced disruption, offering potential biomarkers like methylated mtDNA and microRNAs for early diagnosis and prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind these epigenetic alterations is essential for developing practical diagnostic tools and therapies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of MNP-induced neurodegeneration, focusing on mitochondrial and epigenetic disruptions. Moreover, it explores emerging biosensing technologies for detecting MNP-induced epigenetic alterations, highlighting the urgent need for further investigation to fully understand the neurotoxic potential of MNPs and develop preventive and therapeutic strategies for mitigating their effects on brain health.},
}

@article {pmid40604407,
year = {2025},
author = {Goff, M and Hindi, A and Hammond, J and Jacobs, S},
title = {Access or continuity: a zero sum game? A systematic review of the literature examining the relationship between access and continuity in primary healthcare.},
journal = {BMC primary care},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {202},
pmid = {40604407},
issn = {2731-4553},
support = {Do the organisational and workforce developments associated with the introduction of primary care networks (PCNs) affect patients' experience of continuity of care?//Health Foundation/ ; Do the organisational and workforce developments associated with the introduction of primary care networks (PCNs) affect patients' experience of continuity of care?//Health Foundation/ ; Do the organisational and workforce developments associated with the introduction of primary care networks (PCNs) affect patients' experience of continuity of care?//Health Foundation/ ; Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Systems and Commissioning//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Continuity of Patient Care/organization & administration ; *Primary Health Care/organization & administration ; *Health Services Accessibility ; United Kingdom ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been a policy drive in the UK to improve patients' access to appointments in primary care. However, the focus on timely access could undermine continuity of care. This paper aims to investigate how continuity of care and access to care are interrelated and their relative importance for patients and healthcare professionals.

METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using six academic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO). Reference lists of included studies and Google Scholar were searched for additional papers. Included were peer-reviewed journal articles in English based on studies in primary care settings from any country, publication date and study design, based on data from any stakeholders. Conference abstracts, opinion papers, reports and literature reviews, studies in secondary or tertiary care or continuity between healthcare settings and studies about development of instruments to measure continuity of care or examining outcomes only were excluded. Fifty-six papers were identified for inclusion in the review. Studies presented differing perspectives on continuity and access, conceptualisations of access and continuity, and, measures used. We conducted thematic analysis of the literature and used Haggerty et al.'s (2003) conceptualization of continuity and Boyle et al.'s (2020) conceptualization of access to synthesise the data.

FINDINGS: Themes arising were: system-level, practice-level and patient-level factors that influence access and continuity of care, what is important to patients, and how providers can support access and continuity of care. We found that 'choice of access' has the strongest relationship with relational continuity, however, 'physical access', or the ability to get and 'attend' an appointment, supersedes other dimensions of access as necessary but not sufficient for continuity of care.

CONCLUSIONS: Our synthesis provides evidence that experiencing continuity depend on the combination of patients' demographic characteristics and health conditions, with situational circumstances, including characteristics of the health system and provider, which are more or less changeable. We propose a theoretical framing of the relationships between the dimensions of access and continuity. It can support policymakers and providers in understanding how to balance providing both access and continuity for patients.},
}

Humans
*Continuity of Patient Care/organization & administration
*Primary Health Care/organization & administration
*Health Services Accessibility
United Kingdom

@article {pmid40572054,
year = {2025},
author = {Arnahoutova, K and De Geest, S and Mielke, J and Boaz, A and Schoemans, H and Valenta, S},
title = {Exploring Stakeholder Involvement in Intervention Implementation Studies: Systematic Evidence Synthesis With an Evidence Gap Map Approach.},
journal = {Evaluation & the health professions},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1632787251352837},
doi = {10.1177/01632787251352837},
pmid = {40572054},
issn = {1552-3918},
abstract = {Stakeholder involvement (SI) is essential for effective and sustainable intervention implementation, yet practical guidance is lacking. This study mapped SI use in implementation science studies, identified gaps, and proposed a practical framework for improved SI planning. Using an evidence gap map approach, this study built on Mielke et al.'s (2022) methodology, which identified implementation studies from 2015-2020. The search was updated to include studies from 2021-2023 from PubMed, using the same search strategy and inclusion criteria. Data extraction followed the Guidance for Reporting on Involvement of Patients and the Public reporting checklist. From 10,184 studies, a random sample of 2,005 was screened, adding 162 implementation science studies to Mielke et al.'s 110, totaling 272 studies for SI analysis. SI was reported in 89% of studies, but often lacked depth and strategic planning. Stakeholders were mainly engaged during the preparatory phase. Most studies involved micro- and meso-level stakeholders, rarely including macro-level stakeholders. Few described stakeholder selection or preparation. SI was mostly consultative, via interviews, surveys, and focus groups, with limited active collaboration. SI processes and costs were rarely evaluated. Our findings underscore the need for structured, comprehensive SI planning and offer practical recommendations to strengthen SI efforts in implementation research.},
}

@article {pmid40551453,
year = {2025},
author = {Ahmad, AAK and Tehan, PE and Hopson, AM and Roberts, EG and Rose, AJ},
title = {Evaluation of eHealth Interventions to Prevent Pressure Injuries: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {International wound journal},
volume = {22},
number = {7},
pages = {e70680},
pmid = {40551453},
issn = {1742-481X},
support = {G2300448//University of Newcastle, College of Health, Medicine and Well-being: CWMWB Industry Pilot/ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control ; *Telemedicine ; Male ; Female ; },
abstract = {The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature pertaining to the use of eHealth interventions to prevent pressure injuries in populations at risk of the complication, and describe the interventions encountered with the help of Greenhalgh et al.'s Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread and Sustainability framework. Articles were retrieved using database queries to CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane library with a search string strategy that considered articles from the inception of each database until the 29th of January 2024. The interventions from the 27 included studies were then evaluated using the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread and Sustainability framework. The included studies had a publication date range from 1997 to 2023 and included diverse study designs encompassing experimental trials, qualitative designs, mixed-methods, cohort studies and randomised control trials (including secondary analyses). There was a preference for app-based interventions (15/27) that are installed on smartphones, while other interventions encompassed a bed with sensors that automatically adjusted air cell pressure, clinical support algorithms and continuous sensing devices. In conclusion, this scoping review provides an overview of the various technological solutions currently available for pressure injury prevention as well as recommendations for improving the long-term adoption of future eHealth interventions.},
}

Humans
*Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control
*Telemedicine
Male
Female

@article {pmid40544661,
year = {2025},
author = {Zelek, WM and Tenner, AJ},
title = {Complement therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases.},
journal = {Immunobiology},
volume = {230},
number = {4},
pages = {153089},
doi = {10.1016/j.imbio.2025.153089},
pmid = {40544661},
issn = {1878-3279},
mesh = {Humans ; *Neurodegenerative Diseases/immunology/therapy/drug therapy/metabolism/etiology ; *Complement System Proteins/metabolism/immunology ; Animals ; Brain/immunology ; Complement Activation/drug effects ; },
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pose considerable therapeutic challenges, not only due to their complex pathophysiology, but also because any effective drug must be capable of penetrating the brain. Inflammation is a key feature of NDDs. Increasingly, the complement system, long studied in the context of host defence, has emerged as a central player in the brain, with roles extending far beyond its classical immune functions. Complement contributes to synaptic pruning and immune surveillance, but when dysregulated, it can drive chronic inflammation, synapse loss, and neurodegeneration. Complement is also implicated in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia and mood disorders, where overactivation of the cascade impacts brain maturation and circuit stability. In this review, we take a broad view of roles of the complement system in both health and disease in the central nervous system (CNS). We summarise key mechanisms through which complement contributes to pathology, discuss emerging therapeutic strategies, and consider major hurdles in CNS drug development, including brain delivery and the need for patient stratification. As our understanding of the pathological roles of the complement system in the brain advances, it is becoming clear that complement therapeutics may offer a novel approach in slowing neurodegeneration, and in addressing a broader spectrum of disorders affecting the brain.},
}

Humans
*Neurodegenerative Diseases/immunology/therapy/drug therapy/metabolism/etiology
*Complement System Proteins/metabolism/immunology
Animals
Brain/immunology
Complement Activation/drug effects

@article {pmid40543562,
year = {2025},
author = {Pope, E and Ameral, V and Falcón, A and Smith, J and Shoemaker-Hunt, SJ and Bounthavong, M and McCullough, M and Kim, B},
title = {Knowledge and attitudes regarding substance use disorder treatment and harm reduction practices among US pharmacists: a scoping review.},
journal = {Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {102462},
doi = {10.1016/j.japh.2025.102462},
pmid = {40543562},
issn = {1544-3450},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to address substance use disorders (SUDs) and expand harm reduction services due to their accessibility and expertise in medication management. However, attitudinal and structural barriers may limit their full potential in this role.

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review examines pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and engagement in SUD treatment and harm reduction.

METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using Levac et al.'s enhancement of Arksey and O'Malley's framework. A systematic search of MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycInfo, Embase, ProQuest Health & Medical, and ProQuest Psychology was performed on August 3, 2024, yielding 87 articles addressing pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to SUD and harm reduction.

RESULTS: Pharmacists generally acknowledge the efficacy of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs) in reducing opioid-related mortality but often hold stigmatizing beliefs about individuals with SUDs. While supportive of harm reduction strategies, such as naloxone distribution and needle and syringe programs, engagement varies widely. Significant gaps in education and training persist, leaving pharmacists with limited confidence and practical experience in SUD care, despite their reported familiarity with MOUDs and naloxone pharmacology.

CONCLUSION: This review highlights a complex interplay of support, barriers, and knowledge gaps shaping pharmacists' roles in SUD treatment and harm reduction. Targeted education, supportive policies, and interprofessional collaboration are crucial to enabling pharmacists to provide stigma-free, comprehensive care for individuals with SUDs.},
}

@article {pmid40540117,
year = {2025},
author = {Blanchet Garneau, A and Lavoie, P and Bélisle, M and Cassivi, C and Chamoun, L and Bytyqi, T},
title = {Outcomes of antiracist pedagogy in health professions education: a scoping review.},
journal = {Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {40540117},
issn = {1573-1677},
abstract = {In health professions education, there is a call to rethink pedagogical practices and institutions that often perpetuate racism, colonialism, and other systems of oppression. Researchers have stressed the importance of integrating critical pedagogies, such as antiracist pedagogy, to help learners understand societal and structural factors behind health inequities and recognize power dynamics in health science and healthcare. Various antiracist pedagogical interventions have been designed, but their outcomes remain unclear. Based on Levac et al.'s framework, a scoping review was conducted to map the literature evaluating the outcomes of antiracist pedagogy in health professions education. A systematic database search was conducted between April and June 2022 for articles describing evaluation methods and outcomes of antiracist pedagogical interventions in health professions education. We included 41 articles in the final selection. The data was organized within the following themes: aim of intervention, type of intervention, evaluation tools, outcomes and indicators for each of Kirkpatrick's levels of training evaluation, theoretical frameworks, and authors' positionalities. The thematic analysis revealed that, in most cases, evaluations targeted participants' attitudes on systemic racism, their racial identity and critical awareness, as well as their satisfaction with the activities. The antiracist pedagogical interventions were rarely evaluated beyond learners' perceptions. Discrepancies were also raised between the principles of antiracist education and the use of antiracist pedagogy to design, implement and evaluate the outcomes of antiracist pedagogical interventions in health professions education. Although only a few interventions had transformative outcomes beyond individuals, we identified promising pedagogical strategies to foster engagement and motivation to transform professional practices.},
}

@article {pmid40519824,
year = {2025},
author = {Michalec, B and Forbes, CE and Pardon, K and Ayala, B and Beltran, DG and Douille, C and Felix, K and Gnall, S and Hoenack, M and McKeever, B and Nguyen, D and Piemonte, N and Portle, S},
title = {A scoping review of emotional contagion research with human subjects: identifying common trends of previous research and potential areas for future research.},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1573375},
pmid = {40519824},
issn = {1664-1078},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Emotional contagion (EC) involves the automatic mimicry and synchronization of expressions, vocalizations, and movements, resulting in emotional alignment between individuals. Despite consistent scholastic explorations of the various nuances and tenets associated with emotional contagion processes and outcomes, there has yet to be a thorough review of human subjects-based emotional contagion research.

METHODS: This review examines human subjects EC research trends, analyzing 277 articles (published from 1992 to 2022) to identify common conceptualizations, triggers, and measurement methods.

RESULTS: Analyses indicated that Hatfield et al.'s classic conceptualization is the most cited, and common triggers include facial expressions in images and videos, and real-time interactions - though many studies did not stimulate EC. While many studies did utilize validated EC scales, about 28% of the studies reviewed used non-validated questions to measure EC. Moreover, the EC research reviewed heavily relies on college-aged, predominantly white participants, indicating a need for more diverse samples.

DISCUSSION: Future EC research should explore processes and nuances associated with EC among older adults, minoritized groups, and diverse contexts (e.g., healthcare, schools), using novel triggers and multiple measurement methods.},
}

@article {pmid40495142,
year = {2025},
author = {Matting, L and Pfeifer, K and Sudeck, G and Jung, A and Langhirt, F and Geidl, W},
title = {Physical activity promotion in physical therapy, exercise therapy and other movement-based therapies: a scoping review and content analysis of intervention studies and theoretical works.},
journal = {The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {72},
pmid = {40495142},
issn = {1479-5868},
mesh = {Humans ; *Exercise ; *Exercise Therapy/methods ; *Health Promotion/methods ; *Physical Therapy Modalities ; Noncommunicable Diseases/therapy ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Movement-based therapists, including physical, exercise, and sport therapists, play a key role in promoting physical activity in individuals with non-communicable diseases. However, no clear consensus exists on effective intervention approaches. This scoping review examines available intervention studies and theoretical works for physical activity promotion in movement-based therapy.

METHODS: In accordance with Colquhoun et al.'s framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO until March 31, 2024. Eligible records described physical activity-promoting concepts including interventional studies and theoretical works applicable in movement-based therapies for individuals with non-communicable diseases. Data extraction covered assessment, therapeutic content, didactic-methodological principles, and theoretical underpinnings. Interventions were categorized based on behavior change techniques (BCTs), the behavior change wheel, and a clinical reasoning model for clients behavior change. Network analysis explored relationships between therapeutic content and didactic-methodological principles.

RESULTS: Fifty-seven records met inclusion criteria; 77% were intervention studies, and 23% were theoretical works. Most concepts originated from orthopedics/rheumatology (23%), neurology (21%), and oncology (9%), while 12% were generic concepts. Across concepts, 66 biopsychosocial assessment instruments and 60 BCTs were applied (Median BCTs per concept: 11.5, range: 4-37). Key didactic-methodological principles included tailoring/individualization (n = 47), active participation (n = 39), collaborative communication (n = 21), and patient self-responsibility and independence (n = 14). Least mentioned was facilitating positive movement experiences and enjoyment of physical activity (n = 3). Network analysis identified action planning, goal setting, and feedback as central BCTs.

CONCLUSION: This review provides an overview of 57 physical activity promotion concepts used in movement-based therapies for individuals with non-communicable diseases. Findings reveal considerable heterogeneity, highlighting diverse strategies used by movement-based therapists to influence physical activity behavior.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework (OSF), December 23, 2022 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AXZSJ).},
}

Humans
*Exercise
*Exercise Therapy/methods
*Health Promotion/methods
*Physical Therapy Modalities
Noncommunicable Diseases/therapy

@article {pmid40479789,
year = {2025},
author = {Hosseini, MM and Masoumian Hosseini, ST and Haghighi, E and Qayumi, K and Ebrahimipour, H and Pourabbasi, A and Koohpaei, A and Alizadeh, M and Shafiei, Z},
title = {The revolutionary impact of 6G technology on empowering health and building a smart society: A scoping review.},
journal = {Computers in biology and medicine},
volume = {194},
number = {},
pages = {110496},
doi = {10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.110496},
pmid = {40479789},
issn = {1879-0534},
mesh = {Humans ; *Wireless Technology ; Telemedicine ; Delivery of Health Care ; Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Security ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This scoping review investigates the potential of 6G technology in healthcare, particularly in smart city settings, focusing on its enhanced data capabilities, AI's role in healthcare optimization, infrastructure support, interoperability, quality standards, and privacy and security concerns.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The scoping review followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework, with Levac et al.'s methodological advancements. The review team searched academic databases like PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Sciences, and IEEE Xplore. They also explored grey literature sources like Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and Web of Science Conference Proceedings. A search strategy was developed, and 145 studies were selected from an initial pool of 9835 records from 2010 to 2025. The review categorized 145 studies into three phases, focusing on deploying 6G technology in healthcare, the infrastructure required, and ethical considerations related to the technology's ethical implications.

RESULT: Phase one focused on advancements like real-time imaging, performing medical procedures remotely, using predictive tools to analyze data, and providing care tailored to individual patients. Phase two examined how the next generation of wireless technology (6G) could interact with communication systems, including techniques to handle large amounts of data (massive MIMO) and using extremely high-frequency signals (terahertz communications) to transfer information faster. Phase three explored ethical concerns about applying 6G technology, such as systems that make decisions based on user intentions (intent-driven management) and organizing information around data-based designs (data-driven architecture). The review highlights how 6G technology could revolutionize patient care and medical services by enabling faster data transfers, reducing delays, increasing system capacity, and incorporating artificial intelligence.

CONCLUSION: The scoping review shows the capability of the transformative potential of 6G technology, particularly in healthcare and urban development, emphasizing its enhanced data transfer speeds, reduced latency, and increased capacity that can significantly improve patient care through better remote monitoring, security, and telemedicine services. It stresses the vital role of policymakers in guiding the development of 6G infrastructure, ensuring effective spectrum allocation, and implementing robust security measures while addressing health and electromagnetic exposure concerns. Policymakers are urged to adopt security-by-design principles, adhere to international standards, and foster collaboration among academia, industry, and government to drive innovation and ensure the responsible deployment of 6G technology. By stimulating research and establishing clear performance metrics, they can facilitate continuous improvement and adaptation, ultimately benefiting society as a whole. The review concludes that strategic policy formulation is essential for maximizing the advantages of 6G technology, leading to more intelligent, productive, and sustainable societal frameworks.},
}

Humans
*Wireless Technology
Telemedicine
Delivery of Health Care
Artificial Intelligence
Computer Security

@article {pmid40464500,
year = {2025},
author = {Dedoni, S and Avdoshina, V and Olianas, MC and Onali, P},
title = {Role of Lysophosphatidic Acid in Neurological Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Implications.},
journal = {Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)},
volume = {30},
number = {5},
pages = {28245},
doi = {10.31083/FBL28245},
pmid = {40464500},
issn = {2768-6698},
mesh = {Humans ; *Lysophospholipids/metabolism ; *Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology/metabolism/drug therapy ; Animals ; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; },
abstract = {Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lipid molecule, has been identified as a critical regulator of several cellular processes in the central nervous system, with significant impacts on neuronal function, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammatory responses. While Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease have garnered considerable attention due to their incidence and socioeconomic significance, many additional neurological illnesses remain unclear in terms of underlying pathophysiology and prospective treatment targets. This review synthesizes evidence linking LPA's function in neurological diseases such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cerebellar ataxia, cerebral ischemia, seizures, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, autism, migraine, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated complications Despite recent advances, the specific mechanisms underlying LPA's actions in various neurological disorders remain unknown, and further research is needed to understand the distinct roles of LPA across multiple disease conditions, as well as to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting LPA receptors in these pathologies. The purpose of this review is to highlight the multiple functions of LPA in the aforementioned neurological diseases, which frequently share the same poor prognosis due to a scarcity of truly effective therapies, while also evaluating the role of LPA, its receptors, and signaling as promising actors for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies to those proposed today.},
}

Humans
*Lysophospholipids/metabolism
*Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology/metabolism/drug therapy
Animals
Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/metabolism
Signal Transduction

@article {pmid40454774,
year = {2025},
author = {Madrer, N and Perera, ND and Uccelli, NA and Abbondanza, A and Andersen, JV and Carsana, EV and Demmings, MD and Fernandez, RF and de Fragas, MG and Gbadamosi, I and Kulshrestha, D and Lima-Filho, RAS and Marian, OC and Markussen, KH and McGovern, AJ and Neal, ES and Sarkar, S and Šimončičová, E and Soto-Verdugo, J and Yandiev, S and Fernández-Moncada, I},
title = {Neural Metabolic Networks: Key Elements of Healthy Brain Function.},
journal = {Journal of neurochemistry},
volume = {169},
number = {6},
pages = {e70084},
pmid = {40454774},
issn = {1471-4159},
mesh = {Humans ; *Brain/metabolism ; Animals ; *Nerve Net/metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism/physiology ; *Metabolic Networks and Pathways/physiology ; *Neurons/metabolism ; },
abstract = {Neural networks are responsible for processing sensory stimuli and driving the synaptic activity required for brain function and behavior. This computational capacity is expensive and requires a steady supply of energy and building blocks to operate. Importantly, the neural networks are composed of different cell populations, whose metabolic profiles differ between each other, thus endowing them with different metabolic capacities, such as, for example, the ability to synthesize specific metabolic precursors or variable proficiency to manage their metabolic waste. These marked differences likely prompted the emergence of diverse intercellular metabolic interactions, in which the shuttling and cycling of specific metabolites between brain cells allows the separation of workload and efficient control of energy demand and supply within the central nervous system. Nevertheless, our knowledge about brain bioenergetics and the specific metabolic adaptations of neural cells still warrants further studies. In this review, originated from the Fourth International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) and Journal of Neurochemistry (JNC) Flagship School held in Schmerlenbach, Germany (2022), we describe and discuss the specific metabolic profiles of brain cells, the intercellular metabolic exchanges between these cells, and how these bioenergetic activities shape synaptic function and behavior. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of faulty brain metabolic activity in the etiology and progression of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We foresee that a deeper understanding of neural networks metabolism will provide crucial insights into how higher-order brain functions emerge and reveal the roots of neuropathological conditions whose hallmarks include impaired brain metabolic function.},
}

Humans
*Brain/metabolism
Animals
*Nerve Net/metabolism
*Energy Metabolism/physiology
*Metabolic Networks and Pathways/physiology
*Neurons/metabolism

@article {pmid40398684,
year = {2025},
author = {Naufal, E and Shadbolt, C and Wouthuyzen-Bakker, M and Rele, S and Sahebjada, S and Thuraisingam, S and Babazadeh, S and Choong, PF and Dowsey, MM},
title = {Clinical prediction models to guide treatment of periprosthetic joint infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {The Journal of hospital infection},
volume = {162},
number = {},
pages = {53-61},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhin.2025.04.035},
pmid = {40398684},
issn = {1532-2939},
mesh = {Humans ; *Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Several clinical prediction models that aim to guide decisions about the management of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) have been developed. While some models have been recommended for use in clinical settings, their suitability remains uncertain.

METHODS: We systematically reviewed and critically appraised all multi-variable prediction models for the treatment of PJI. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception until 1[st] March 2024 and included studies that developed or validated models that predict the outcome of PJI. We used PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool) to assess the risk of bias and applicability. Model performance estimates were pooled via random effect meta-analysis.

RESULTS: Thirteen predictive models and seven external validations were identified. Methodological issues were identified in all studies. Pooled estimates indicated that the KLIC (Kidney, Liver, Index surgery, Cemented prosthesis, C-reactive protein) score had fair discriminative performance (pooled c-statistic 0.62, 95% CI 0.55-0.69). Both the τ[2] (0.02) and I[2] (33.4) estimates indicated that between-study heterogeneity was minimal. Meta-analysis indicated Shohat et al.'s model had good discriminative performance (pooled c-statistic 0.74, 95% CI 0.57-0.85). Both the τ[2] (0.0) and I[2] (0.0) indicated that between study heterogeneity was minimal.

CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of limitations in the methods used to develop available models to predict outcomes of PJI. As no models have consistently demonstrated adequate performance across external validation studies, it remains unclear whether any available models would provide reliable information if used to guide clinical decision making.},
}

Humans
*Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy

@article {pmid40383754,
year = {2025},
author = {Heidari, N and Ghannadzadeh Kermani Pour, R and Farshbafnadi, M and Heidari, A and Ghane, Y},
title = {A systematic review of tumor necrosis factor-α blockers, anti-interleukins, and small molecule inhibitors for dissecting cellulitis of the scalp treatment.},
journal = {Orphanet journal of rare diseases},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {236},
pmid = {40383754},
issn = {1750-1172},
mesh = {Humans ; *Cellulitis/drug therapy ; *Scalp/pathology/drug effects ; *Scalp Dermatoses/drug therapy ; *Skin Diseases, Genetic/drug therapy ; *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a type of neutrophilic scarring alopecia identified by the development of folliculitis with clusters of perifollicular pustules and then progresses to abscesses and intercommunicating sinus formation. In the absence of evidence-based guidelines, the treatment of DCS remains a therapeutic challenge. Our study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of biologics, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) blockers, anti-interleukins (ILs), and small molecule inhibitors, including Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and phosphodiesterase inhibitors in treating DCS.

METHODS: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Ovid Embase databases were systematically searched until February 4th, 2024. Study selection was restricted to case reports, case series, cohort studies, and clinical trials published in English-language. NIH and Murad et al.'s quality assessment tools were utilized for critical appraisal.

RESULTS: A total of 34 articles involving 81 patients met the inclusion criteria. The immunomodulators studied for the treatment of DCS include adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, ustekinumab, secukinumab, guselkumab, risankizumab, tildrakizumab, apremilast, upadacitinib, and baricitinib. Our findings implied that TNF-α blockers and IL inhibitors were associated with clinical improvement in most individuals with moderate-to-severe DCS, especially in those who had failed earlier treatments. Moreover, certolizumab pegol could be a safe option for DCS in pregnancy. In addition, the prescription of small molecule inhibitors, including JAK inhibitors and apremilast in DCS patients, demonstrated a significant amelioration in DCS symptoms with a desirable safety profile. Nevertheless, the available data was limited, warranting further investigation. Besides, all aforementioned immunomodulators are still debated for their effectiveness on hair regrowth and reversing the scarring process.

CONCLUSIONS: The application of immunomodulators in treating DCS was associated with satisfactory outcomes, although there is still a need to assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of these therapeutic agents in preventing disease progression and new flare-ups.},
}

Humans
*Cellulitis/drug therapy
*Scalp/pathology/drug effects
*Scalp Dermatoses/drug therapy
*Skin Diseases, Genetic/drug therapy
*Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors

@article {pmid40371978,
year = {2025},
author = {Shafran, R and Egan, SJ},
title = {Widening the Reach: The Broad Impact of Unguided Self-Help for Eating Disorders.},
journal = {The International journal of eating disorders},
volume = {58},
number = {8},
pages = {1432-1435},
pmid = {40371978},
issn = {1098-108X},
mesh = {Humans ; *Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy/psychology/prevention & control ; *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods ; *Self Care ; Self Concept ; },
abstract = {A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by Linardon and colleagues on 27 controlled trials using pure self-help for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders, reported small benefits for co-occurring difficulties such as anxiety, depression, distress and self-esteem. The findings were strongest for pre-selected samples considered at risk or who were symptomatic, and are consistent with literature from other areas indicating that focused interventions have a positive impact on comorbid difficulties. The meta-analysis raises questions about the optimal approach to address comorbidity both within and beyond pure self-help. Understanding the wider impact of disorder-specific approaches compared to transdiagnostic approaches is critical to helping clinicians determine what interventions to use and when. It is notable that CBT interventions across disorders often share treatment techniques and methods to optimize the generalization of learning across difficulties, but such common elements are rarely made explicit. The value of session-by-session measurement as an essential tool to guide clinical decision-making in the context of comorbid difficulties is emphasized. Whilst further work is needed, particularly in clinical samples, the message from Linardon et al.'s meta-analysis is straightforward-pure self-help for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders can have a broad impact in improving mental health.},
}

Humans
*Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy/psychology/prevention & control
*Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods
*Self Care
Self Concept

@article {pmid40338639,
year = {2025},
author = {Barchiesi, MA and Calabrese, A and Costa, R and Di Pillo, F and D'Uffizi, A and Tiburzi, L and Zahid, E},
title = {Continuous glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of barriers and opportunities for care improvement.},
journal = {International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care},
volume = {37},
number = {3},
pages = {},
pmid = {40338639},
issn = {1464-3677},
mesh = {Humans ; *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; *Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods/instrumentation ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Quality Improvement ; Telemedicine ; Continuous Glucose Monitoring ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is a chronic disease associated with serious complications, such as heart disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have emerged as a more effective alternative to traditional fingerstick testing, offering patients greater control over their condition. Despite their potential benefits, several barriers to CGM sensor use persist, limiting their widespread adoption among patients with T2DM. This review explores the barriers to CGM sensor use, particularly from the patient's perspective.

METHODS: A systematic literature review is conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search focuses on studies published between January 2018 and June 2024 and is performed in two primary databases, PubMed and Scopus, selected for their relevance to T2DM research. Studies are included if they explore challenges and barriers to CGM adoption, report patient perspectives, or provide insights into the usability and accessibility of technology. The data are analyzed using deductive content analysis, applying Wilson et al.'s thematic categories as a predefined framework to systematically classify and interpret barriers to CGM adoption. This approach ensures methodological consistency and alignment with existing research on eHealth adoption challenges.

RESULTS: The review identifies several key barriers to CGM sensor use despite the benefits, such as improved glucose control and reduced hypoglycemic events. Major challenges include the high cost of sensors, wearability issues, discomfort from adhesive materials, and concerns about the visibility of the sensors. Additionally, patients report difficulties in interpreting the large volumes of data generated by CGM systems, as well as discomfort or fear related to sensor insertion. Lack of technological support, low health literacy, and insufficient social support are also identified as factors contributing to non-adoption.

CONCLUSIONS: Policymakers and healthcare providers are encouraged to address these barriers by developing patient-centered strategies that support the adoption of CGM sensors. Successfully overcoming these challenges can further support integrating CGM sensors with the Chronic Care Model and Automated Insulin Delivery systems. As an implication, this integration has the potential to enhance glycemic control and improve patient quality of life in the management of T2DM. Furthermore, addressing these barriers may drive advancements in sensor design, improve accessibility, and minimize the environmental impact of CGM sensor use.},
}

Humans
*Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
*Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods/instrumentation
Blood Glucose/analysis
Quality Improvement
Telemedicine
Continuous Glucose Monitoring

@article {pmid40316871,
year = {2025},
author = {Veit, W and Browning, H and Garcia-Pelegrin, E and Davies, JR and DuBois, JG and Clayton, NS},
title = {Dimensions of corvid consciousness.},
journal = {Animal cognition},
volume = {28},
number = {1},
pages = {35},
pmid = {40316871},
issn = {1435-9456},
mesh = {*Consciousness ; Animals ; Animal Welfare ; *Crows ; },
abstract = {Corvids have long been a target of public fascination and of scientific attention, particularly in the study of animal minds. Using Birch et al.'s (2020) 5-dimensional framework for animal consciousness we ask what it is like to be a corvid and propose a speculative but empirically informed answer. We go on to suggest future directions for research on corvid consciousness and how it can inform ethical treatment and animal welfare legislation.},
}

*Consciousness
Animals
Animal Welfare
*Crows

@article {pmid40280282,
year = {2025},
author = {Matsuda, KM and Kotani, H and Sato, S and Yoshizaki, A},
title = {Unveiling the hidden syndrome: The enigma of anti-transcobalamin receptor autoantibodies.},
journal = {Immunology letters},
volume = {275},
number = {},
pages = {107028},
doi = {10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107028},
pmid = {40280282},
issn = {1879-0542},
mesh = {Humans ; *Autoantibodies/immunology ; *Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use ; Animals ; *Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/immunology ; Syndrome ; *Antigens, CD/immunology ; *Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology ; },
abstract = {The transcobalamin receptor (CD320) functions as a critical mediator for vitamin B12 uptake in cells, with emerging evidence linking autoantibodies against CD320 to various autoimmune conditions. Pluvinage et al.'s recent study identified anti-CD320 autoantibodies as a cause of autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency, specifically affecting the central nervous system while sparing peripheral nerves. Their findings align with our previous work showing anti-CD320's role in cutaneous arteritis. Both studies identified overlapping CD320 epitopes targeted by autoantibodies and demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of high-dose vitamin B12 supplementation in mitigating symptoms. Expanding on these findings, we observed anti-CD320 autoantibodies in other inflammatory disorders such as systemic sclerosis, suggesting a broader clinical relevance. The work by Pluvinage et al. and our group supports the concept of an "anti-CD320-associated syndrome," with high-dose B12 supplementation as a promising treatment strategy. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the tissue-specific mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying these autoimmune conditions.},
}

Humans
*Autoantibodies/immunology
*Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
Vitamin B 12/therapeutic use
Animals
*Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/immunology
Syndrome
*Antigens, CD/immunology
*Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology

@article {pmid40271071,
year = {2025},
author = {Luo, H and Wei, S and Fu, S and Han, L},
title = {Role of Achyranthes aspera in neurodegenerative diseases: current evidence and future directions.},
journal = {Frontiers in pharmacology},
volume = {16},
number = {},
pages = {1511011},
pmid = {40271071},
issn = {1663-9812},
abstract = {Neurodegenerative diseases are caused by the progressive degeneration of neurons and/or their myelin sheaths, ultimately leading to cognitive and motor dysfunction. Due to their complex pathogenesis and the limited efficacy of therapeutic drugs, these diseases have attracted significant attention. Achyranthes aspera, belongs to family Amaranthaceae, has been extensively used in the traditional and folk medicines for the treatment of various ailments. Modern research has revealed that Achyranthes aspera possesses various pharmacological effects, including cardiocerebrovascular protection, immune regulation, antioxidation, and anti-aging. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effects of Achyranthes aspera have been confirmed by numerous scientific studies. This review focuses on the primary pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Achyranthes aspera in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their potential application prospects. This review aims to provide insights into the potential clinical applications and research directions of Achyranthes aspera in neurodegenerative diseases.},
}

@article {pmid40252666,
year = {2025},
author = {Balendra, R and Sreedharan, J and Hallegger, M and Luisier, R and Lashuel, HA and Gregory, JM and Patani, R},
title = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by TARDBP mutations: from genetics to TDP-43 proteinopathy.},
journal = {The Lancet. Neurology},
volume = {24},
number = {5},
pages = {456-470},
doi = {10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00109-7},
pmid = {40252666},
issn = {1474-4465},
support = {/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; CC0103/CRUK_/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom ; R01 NS127186/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics/pathology/metabolism ; *DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *TDP-43 Proteinopathies/genetics/pathology ; *Mutation/genetics ; },
abstract = {Mutations in the TARDBP gene, which encodes the TDP-43 protein, account for only 3-5% of familial cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and less than 1% of cases that are apparently idiopathic. However, the discovery of neuronal inclusions of TDP-43 as the neuropathological hallmark in the majority of cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has transformed our understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. An individual TARDBP mutation can cause phenotypic heterogeneity. Most mutations lie within the C-terminus of the TDP-43 protein. In pathological conditions, TDP-43 is mislocalised from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it can be phosphorylated, cleaved, and form insoluble aggregates. This mislocalisation leads to dysfunction of downstream pathways of RNA metabolism, proteostasis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, axonal transport, and local translation. Biomarkers for TDP-43 dysfunction and targeted therapies are being developed, justifying cautious optimism for personalised medicine approaches that could rescue the downstream effects of TDP-43 pathology.},
}

Humans
*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/genetics/pathology/metabolism
*DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism
*TDP-43 Proteinopathies/genetics/pathology
*Mutation/genetics

@article {pmid40222791,
year = {2025},
author = {Bhardwaj, I and Singh, S and Ansari, AH and Rai, SP and Singh, D},
title = {Effect of stress on neuronal cell: Morphological to molecular approach.},
journal = {Progress in brain research},
volume = {291},
number = {},
pages = {469-502},
doi = {10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.01.010},
pmid = {40222791},
issn = {1875-7855},
mesh = {Humans ; Animals ; *Neurons/pathology/metabolism/physiology ; *Stress, Psychological/pathology/metabolism ; *Brain/pathology ; },
abstract = {Stress can be characterized as any perceived or actual threat that necessitates compensatory actions to maintain homeostasis. It can alter an organism's behavior over time by permanently altering the composition and functionality of brain circuitry. The amygdala and prefrontal cortex are two interrelated brain regions that have been the focus of initial research on stress and brain structural and functional plasticity, with the hippocampus serving as the entry point for most of this knowledge. Prolonged stress causes significant morphological alterations in important brain regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. Memory, learning, and emotional regulation are among the cognitive functions that are adversely affected by these changes, including neuronal shrinkage, dendritic retraction, and synaptic malfunction. Stress perturbs the equilibrium of neurotransmitters, neuronal plasticity, and mitochondrial function at the molecular level. On the other hand, chronic stress negatively impacts physiology and can result in neuropsychiatric diseases. Recent molecular research has linked various epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, to the dysregulation of genes in the impacted brain circuits responsible for the pathophysiology of chronic stress. Numerous disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) including Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease, have been linked to oxidative stress as a possible cause.},
}

Humans
Animals
*Neurons/pathology/metabolism/physiology
*Stress, Psychological/pathology/metabolism
*Brain/pathology

@article {pmid40193512,
year = {2025},
author = {Heidelburg, K and Sipior, C and King, J and Cueto Brito, M and Fredrick, S},
title = {A systematic review of cultural adaptations to social emotional learning interventions for PreK-12th grade Black students.},
journal = {School psychology (Washington, D.C.)},
volume = {40},
number = {2},
pages = {121-132},
doi = {10.1037/spq0000676},
pmid = {40193512},
issn = {2578-4226},
mesh = {Humans ; *Black or African American/psychology ; Adolescent ; Child ; *Social Learning ; *Students/psychology ; *Emotions ; Schools ; },
abstract = {Due to the lack of culturally responsive social-emotional learning (SEL) interventions and the negative implications of discipline disproportionality of Black students in schools, there is a dire need to develop and implement SEL interventions that promote racial equity and align with the specific cultural needs of Black youth. This systematic review explores cultural adaptations used in SEL interventions for Black PreK-12 students and their associated outcomes. A total of 15 studies with 339 Black/African American students ranging from 8 to 15 years old were included. Each study used at least four or more culturally adapted elements outlined in Bernal et al.'s (1995) Ecological Validity Framework, and every study utilized content and method adaptation elements to meet the needs of Black students. Outcomes associated with cultural adaptation SEL interventions for Black students included positive changes in racial/ethnic identity and increases in skill acquisition and performance across various social, emotional, and behavioral domains. Findings from the current review expand the research on evidence-based, culturally responsive SEL interventions for Black students and highlight the positive outcomes associated with cultural adaptations of SEL interventions for Black students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).},
}

Humans
*Black or African American/psychology
Adolescent
Child
*Social Learning
*Students/psychology
*Emotions
Schools

@article {pmid40178423,
year = {2025},
author = {Cheong, WSC and Au, XYJ and Lim, MY and Fu, EW and Li, H and Pua, U and Soon, YQA and Gan, YJ},
title = {The efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation in papillary thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.},
journal = {Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore},
volume = {54},
number = {3},
pages = {170-177},
doi = {10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2024241},
pmid = {40178423},
issn = {2972-4066},
mesh = {Humans ; *Radiofrequency Ablation/adverse effects/methods ; *Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery ; *Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) avoids the complications of general anaesthesia, reduces length of hospitalisation and reduces morbidity from surgery. As such, it is a strong alternative treatment for patients with comorbidities who are not surgical candidates. However, to our knowledge, there have only been 1 systematic review and 3 combined systematic review and meta-analyses on this topic to date. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RFA in the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with longer follow-up durations.

METHOD: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant studies published from 1990 to 2021; 13 studies with a total of 1366 patients were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Sandelowski et al.'s approach1 to "negotiated consensual validation" were used to achieve consensus on the final list of articles to be included. All authors then assessed each study using a rating scheme modified from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.

RESULTS: Pooled volume reduction rates (VRRs) from 1 to 48 months after RFA, complete disappearance rates (CDR) and complications were assessed. Pooled mean VRRs were 96.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 91.05-102.13, I2=0%) at 12 months2-6 and 99.31 (95% CI 93.74-104.88, I2=not applicable) at 48 months.2,5 Five studies showed an eventual CDR of 100%.2,4,7-9 No life-threatening complications were recorded. The most common complications included pain, transient voice hoarseness, fever and less commonly, first-degree burn.

CONCLUSION: RFA may be an effective and safe alternative to treating PTC. Larger clinical trials with longer follow-up are needed to further evaluate the effectiveness of RFA in treating PTC.},
}

Humans
*Radiofrequency Ablation/adverse effects/methods
*Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery
*Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery
Treatment Outcome
Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology

@article {pmid40165691,
year = {2025},
author = {Bunce, B and Apostolopoulou, E and Andres, SM and Choy, AP and Requena-I-Mora, M and Brockington, D},
title = {A social network analysis of an epistemic community studying neoliberal conservation.},
journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology},
volume = {39},
number = {2},
pages = {e70001},
pmid = {40165691},
issn = {1523-1739},
support = {//Women for Africa Foundation/ ; //María de Maeztu, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/ ; ERC/ERC_/European Research Council/International ; CONDJUST/ERC_/European Research Council/International ; 101054259/ERC_/European Research Council/International ; },
mesh = {*Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Social Network Analysis ; *Politics ; Cooperative Behavior ; Knowledge ; },
abstract = {Researchers typically operate in epistemic communities: groups that share common approaches to research agendas and sociopolitical action and define areas of debate. Although productive in their own spheres, a lack of understanding among these communities can undermine scientific progress. Thus, analyzing epistemic communities is important for understanding the politics of knowledge production. Social network analysis sheds light on these dynamics by mapping the collaborative networks that shape academic output. We used 255 publications examined in Apostolopoulou et al.'s review of neoliberal conservation literature and 2135 additional publications in a social network analysis. We compiled a coauthorship network for 318 authors and found a dispersed and polycentric network with low connectivity and relatively small clusters of scholars collaborating within tightly knit groups. Although the structure is conducive to innovation and diversity, building new connections among dispersed coauthor groups could enrich knowledge sharing to drive novel approaches. We identified central actors in building collaborations among communities and communicating ideas across the network. We considered actor attributes, such as gender and geographic location, alongside centrality measures. We found that seventy percent of the 20 authors with the highest betweenness centrality were men, and only one male author was affiliated to an institution in the Global South. Our analysis of thematic clusters in the literature highlighted the spatial patchiness and partialness of the literature across different subfields. Scholars should undertake more work on identified themes in currently excluded geographic regions through effective interdisciplinary collaborations and with local communities of research and practice and grassroots movements. There is a need to strengthen the field's intellectual diversity and to have a deeper engagement with issues of class, gender, and race. This would allow neoliberal conservation to reimagine conservation in ways that are not only environmentally sustainable, but also socially just.},
}

*Conservation of Natural Resources
*Social Network Analysis
*Politics
Cooperative Behavior
Knowledge

@article {pmid40164145,
year = {2025},
author = {Furze, C and Newall, J and Nickbakht, M and Dawes, P and Ching, TYC and Sharma, M},
title = {A systematic review of barriers and facilitators for ethnically diverse communities in accessing adult and paediatric hearing services.},
journal = {International journal of audiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-11},
doi = {10.1080/14992027.2025.2477755},
pmid = {40164145},
issn = {1708-8186},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of identified barriers and facilitators for ethnically diverse adults and children in accessing hearing health services.

DESIGN: Searches were performed in electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Pychinfo, LLBA, and Scopus. The Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research were used to assess quality of articles. Barriers and facilitators for ethnically diverse adults and children to access hearing services were summarised descriptively using Levesque et al.'s conceptual framework of access to healthcare.

STUDY SAMPLE: 25 articles met the inclusion criteria.

RESULTS: Barriers and facilitators were identified for every domain of Levesque's framework for ethnically diverse adults, children, and their families. Personal barriers included health literacy, health beliefs, and stigma. Environmental barriers included language, limited cultural and interpreter training for clinicians, time constraints in appointments, direct and indirect costs. Facilitators included availability of translated and/or simplified information, cultural responsiveness training, outreach programs, and community health workers to engage with ethnically diverse communities.

CONCLUSION: With increasingly multicultural societies globally, there is an increased need to provide culturally responsive care and accessible hearing health services. Understanding current barriers and facilitators to accessibility would facilitate global sustainable development goals around reduced inequality, health, and wellbeing.},
}

@article {pmid40148980,
year = {2025},
author = {Harerimana, A and Mchunu, G and Pillay, JD},
title = {Menstrual hygiene management among girls and women refugees in Africa: a scoping review.},
journal = {Conflict and health},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {20},
pmid = {40148980},
issn = {1752-1505},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) presents a significant public health challenge for refugee women and girls in Africa. Displaced populations often lack access to menstrual products, adequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) infrastructure, as well as comprehensive menstrual health education.

AIM: This scoping review aimed to understand the state of MHM, identify key challenges, and evaluate existing interventions among refugee women and girls in Africa.

METHODS: Employing Levac et al.'s framework, the review analysed evidence from databases like CINAHL, Emcare, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024. Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria, and both numerical summaries and descriptive analyses were conducted.

RESULTS: Refugee women and girls often lack access to both disposable and reusable menstrual products, resorting to unhygienic alternatives such as clothing, leaves, and paper. Inadequate WASH facilities restrict safe and private spaces for menstrual management. Cultural stigma and taboos surrounding menstruation contribute to social exclusion and school absenteeism among girls. The interventions included distributing dignity kits, enhancing WASH infrastructure, and providing menstrual health education; however, they were inconsistently implemented due to resource limitations and cultural obstacles.

CONCLUSION: This study highlights the urgent need for sustainable menstrual health solutions in refugee settings. Without access to necessary products, WASH facilities, and stigma-free education, women and girls risk exclusion, health issues, and interrupted education. Addressing these barriers requires consistent, well-resourced interventions that integrate cultural sensitivity to ensure dignity and long-term impact.},
}

@article {pmid40137505,
year = {2025},
author = {Calderón-Garcidueñas, L and González-Maciel, A and Reynoso-Robles, R and Cejudo-Ruiz, FR and Silva-Pereyra, HG and Gorzalski, A and Torres-Jardón, R},
title = {Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Start in Pediatric Ages: Ultrafine Particulate Matter and Industrial Nanoparticles Are Key in the Early-Onset Neurodegeneration: Time to Invest in Preventive Medicine.},
journal = {Toxics},
volume = {13},
number = {3},
pages = {},
pmid = {40137505},
issn = {2305-6304},
abstract = {Billions of people are exposed to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels above the USEPA's annual standard of 9 μg/m[3]. Common emission sources are anthropogenic, producing complex aerosolized toxins. Ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM) and industrial nanoparticles (NPs) have major detrimental effects on the brain, but the USA does not measure UFPM on a routine basis. This review focuses on the development and progression of common neurodegenerative diseases, as diagnosed through neuropathology, among young residents in Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC). MMC is one of the most polluted megacities in the world, with a population of 22 million residents, many of whom are unaware of the brain effects caused by their polluted atmosphere. Fatal neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's) that begin in childhood in populations living in air polluted environments are preventable. We conclude that UFPM/NPs are capable of disrupting neural homeostasis and give rise to relentless neurodegenerative processes throughout the entire life of the highly exposed population in MMC. The paradigm of reaching old age to have neurodegeneration is no longer supported. Neurodegenerative changes start early in pediatric ages and are irreversible. It is time to invest in preventive medicine.},
}

@article {pmid40132732,
year = {2025},
author = {He, Y and Zheng, Q and Zhifang, Z and Xiaofeng, N and Shenggen, W and Xue, M and Zheng, C and Liu, Z},
title = {When COVID-19 meets diabetes: A bibliometric analysis.},
journal = {Diabetes research and clinical practice},
volume = {223},
number = {},
pages = {112118},
doi = {10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112118},
pmid = {40132732},
issn = {1872-8227},
mesh = {*COVID-19/epidemiology/complications ; Humans ; *Bibliometrics ; *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; },
abstract = {Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors are concerned about the likelihood of developing further diseases. This study examines the global trends in scientific research on diabetes associated with COVID-19 from several perspectives. Bibliometric analyses are used to undertake a scientific review of the literature. The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was used to acquire bibliographic information on diabetes related to COVID-19 from Jan 2020 to Dec. 2023. The visual map was built via advanced CiteSpace 6.2.R6. 7,348 papers were found. Khunti Kamlesh and Rizzo-Manfredi are the most well-known high-yield authors in this area, and the top ten authors collaborate extensively. Most of these papers came from universities. Harvard Medical School has the most publications, followed by Wuhan University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology. China and the United States are the countries with the most publications. Angiotensin-converting enzymes, chronic disease, intensive care unit, viral infection, and gestational diabetes mellitus were scored 0-11, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Zhou et al.'s work on this topic, which appeared in the prominent medical journal The Lancet, was cited 1,366 times, highlighting its importance. "clinical characteristics," "diabetes mellitus," "metabolic syndrome," and "angiotensin-converting enzyme" were used as keywords for reference co-citation and clustering data identify. Over the last four years, related investigations have focused primarily on observing clinical aspects. This report is important for developing treatment strategies, directing future research, and guiding clinical practice.},
}

*COVID-19/epidemiology/complications
Humans
*Bibliometrics
*Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology
SARS-CoV-2

@article {pmid40126301,
year = {2025},
author = {Sohn, J and Rochester, E and Oluyase, AO},
title = {Features of COPD That Lead to Stigmatisation and Its Consequences: A Framework Synthesis.},
journal = {COPD},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {2476435},
doi = {10.1080/15412555.2025.2476435},
pmid = {40126301},
issn = {1541-2563},
mesh = {Humans ; *Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/psychology ; *Social Stigma ; Smoking/psychology ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology ; Qualitative Research ; Social Isolation ; },
abstract = {COPD is a highly stigmatised condition. To develop effective measures to reduce COPD-related stigma, it is important to understand patients' experiences and identify contributing factors. This systematic review explores qualitative evidence regarding the features of COPD leading to stigmatisation and how it can potentially influence health outcomes. Electronic databases were searched to identify primary qualitative studies focussing on stigma-related experiences of adults with COPD, published between January 1988 to August 2024. Data were synthesised using framework synthesis. Twenty-nine studies with 427 participants were included in this review. Findings fit well into six themes identified from Jones et al.'s framework of stigma dimensions and provide rich description. Smoking habit was not the only factor of stigma but also factors that contributed to disability of individuals. Patients experience COPD-related stigma mainly from themselves and healthcare professionals. Potential consequences of stigma identified are mental distress, isolation, reduced help-seeking behaviour and non-compliance to management. Collective effort by society and healthcare systems will be necessary to alleviate the stigma associated with chronic symptoms and smoking behaviour of COPD and to promote the benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation and available mental health support.},
}

Humans
*Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/psychology
*Social Stigma
Smoking/psychology
Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology
Qualitative Research
Social Isolation

@article {pmid40116286,
year = {2025},
author = {Cleverley, K and Salman, S and Davies, J and Ewing, L and McCann, E and Sainsbury, K and Gray, M and Lau, CKY and Lipsitz, O and Prompiengchai, S},
title = {Frameworks Used to Engage Postsecondary Students in Campus Mental Health Research: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy},
volume = {28},
number = {2},
pages = {e70144},
pmid = {40116286},
issn = {1369-7625},
support = {//This research was supported by a grant from the Connaught Global Challenge Award at the University of Toronto awarded to K.C./ ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Students/psychology ; *Mental Health ; Universities ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is an increasing prevalence of mental health concerns reported among postsecondary students (PSS) and growing demands for care on campuses around the world, as such there is an urgent need for research and innovations in PSS mental health that engages PSS. However, best practices and guidelines for facilitating PSS engagement in research is lacking. To address this gap, we undertook this review to explore frameworks used for engaging with PSS in research focused on PSS mental health.

METHODS: A scoping review of the academic literature was conducted. Frameworks used to engage PSS in mental health research were identified and categorized using the taxonomy of patient and public engagement by Greenhalgh et al. A list of barriers and facilitators to engaging with PSS was also identified and reported.

RESULTS: Of the articles assessed for full-text screening (n = 167), 26 journal articles were included. Frameworks used for engaging PSS in mental health research were classified into one of the three categories from Greenhalgh et al.'s taxonomy: study-focused (n = 14), partnership-focused (n = 9) and power-focused (n = 3). No relevant frameworks were found for two categories: priority- and report-focused. Seven documents reported relational or process-related barriers and/or facilitators to engaging with PSS. Based on these findings, recommendations were drafted with PSS advisors on how to implement an engagement framework in PSS mental health research.

CONCLUSIONS: We identified existing practices outlined within frameworks used to engage PSS and barriers and facilitators to engage with PSS in mental health research. Based on the review findings and PSS advisors recommendations, a need for developing a comprehensive engagement framework specific to the PSS context was identified.

The research team led consultations with a PSS advisory group for this review. Student advisors were actively engaged in data analysis, which included categorizing and drafting of recommendations, and the preparation of this manuscript.},
}

Humans
*Students/psychology
*Mental Health
Universities

@article {pmid40114110,
year = {2025},
author = {Anderson, T and Mitchell, G and Prue, G and McLaughlin, S and Graham-Wisener, L},
title = {The psychosocial impact of pancreatic cancer on caregivers: a scoping review.},
journal = {BMC cancer},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {511},
pmid = {40114110},
issn = {1471-2407},
mesh = {Humans ; *Caregivers/psychology ; *Pancreatic Neoplasms/psychology/therapy ; Quality of Life ; *Stress, Psychological/psychology ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Family caregivers are essential members of the care team of someone with pancreatic cancer, supporting their physical and psychological needs. Caregivers are often unprepared for this which may cause substantial psychosocial impact. This may be exacerbated by the short life-expectancy and rapid deterioration associated with pancreatic cancer. A scoping review was conducted to identify, from the existing literature, what is currently known about the psychosocial impact of pancreatic cancer on caregivers across the disease trajectory.

METHODS: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) mixed methods scoping review was conducted across four databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO). All identified citations were uploaded to Covidence, and were screened independently by two reviewers. Data were extracted and synthesised following a deductive approach guided by 'The Cancer Family Caregiving Experience' model (Fletcher et al., 2012).

RESULTS: 42 studies were included: 22 qualitative, 15 quantitative, 5 mixed methods. Results of the included studies were collated into the proposed constructs of Fletcher et al.'s (2012) model: primary stressors, secondary stressors, appraisal, cognitive-behavioural responses, health and wellbeing outcomes, as well as the influence of disease trajectory and contextual factors. The literature highlighted pancreatic cancer caregivers experienced stress related to caregiving activities, disruptions in their daily life and family relationships, high levels of unmet need, and poorer quality of life compared to other cancer caregivers. They were also at increased risk for various psychiatric disorders and reported a persistent lack of support which exacerbated the psychosocial impact.

CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic cancer caregivers experience negative psychosocial impacts, exacerbated by the disease's trajectory. Feelings of a lack of support were reflected throughout the included literature and emphasise the need for future research into how pancreatic cancer caregivers may be best supported, and sign-posted to existing support, to minimise the substantial psychosocial impact they may experience.},
}

Humans
*Caregivers/psychology
*Pancreatic Neoplasms/psychology/therapy
Quality of Life
*Stress, Psychological/psychology

@article {pmid40075376,
year = {2025},
author = {Bourke, L and Conway, C and Abdalla, ME},
title = {Mentorship in surgical training; a systematic scoping review to inform a mentorship framework for ophthalmology trainees.},
journal = {BMC medical education},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {373},
pmid = {40075376},
issn = {1472-6920},
mesh = {Humans ; *Ophthalmology/education ; *Mentors ; Clinical Competence ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Mentorship plays a vital role in surgical training. In the field of ophthalmology, effective mentorship is particularly critical due to the specialised nature of surgeries and the need for comprehensive skill development. However, the landscape of mentorship remains underexplored. Understanding key characteristics and components of effective mentorship is essential for optimising training and ensuring the success of future generations of surgeons. This scoping review aims to analyse existing literature on mentorship in surgical training and to employ Levac et al.'s enhanced methodological framework to construct a conceptual framework for a bespoke mentorship programme tailored to the needs of ophthalmology trainees.

METHODS: The search strategy adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included relevant databases such as MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL Complete, ERIC, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Selection criteria encompassed studies exploring mentorship experiences, perceptions, and outcomes across all surgical training domains. A two-step screening process was employed, followed by thematic analysis using Braun and Clarke's approach. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) assessed study quality.

RESULTS: Of the 81 identified articles, 24 were included in the review, with an average MERSQI score of 11.65. Studies comprised randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, cohort, cross-sectional studies, and reviews. The thematic analysis identified five domains: (1) mentorship and burnout; (2) surgical skill and performance; (3) career paths and professional development; (4) diversity promotion; and (5) work-life balance.

CONCLUSIONS: This review underscores the significance of mentorship in surgical training and proposes a conceptual framework tailored to ophthalmology trainees. By synthesising existing literature and through author engagement with relevant training bodies, the study contributes to the development of an imminent mentoring programme, aiming to enhance surgical training outcomes and foster trainee well-being and professional growth.},
}

Humans
*Ophthalmology/education
*Mentors
Clinical Competence

@article {pmid40035928,
year = {2025},
author = {Amos, J and Moase, J and Sladeczek, IE},
title = {A scoping review of school-based expressive writing implementation reporting practices: missed opportunities and new research directions.},
journal = {Discover mental health},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
pmid = {40035928},
issn = {2731-4383},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Expressive writing (EW) interventions are an effective, flexible, and cost-efficient option for mental health promotion, making them ideally suited for resource-limited school settings. However, the effectiveness of EW interventions varies greatly across studies, which may be partly explained by how EW interventions are implemented. As school-based EW interventions become increasingly popular and more widely used, rigorous reporting of implementation can help advance this emerging field by informing how variation in implementation across studies influences intervention outcomes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this scoping review was to evaluate the implementation reporting practices of EW interventions in school settings as they can profoundly impact EW effectiveness.

METHODS: The present scoping review assessed the current state of fidelity of implementation (implementation) reporting in the school-based EW literature and identified areas where more rigorous reporting is needed. Out of an initial sample of 367 studies, 19 were eligible for inclusion in the review. Data were analyzed for critical issues and themes derived from Cargo et al.'s (2015) Checklist for Implementation (Ch-IMP).

RESULTS: Overall, the results of this scoping review indicate that researchers who implement EW in school settings have not consistently assessed key implementation domains such as dose received and fidelity.

CONCLUSIONS: To address this problem, the present review adds a unique contribution to the literature by identifying how rigorous reporting of implementation can strengthen the evidence base for school-based EW interventions. Specifically, researchers can support the use of EW interventions in schools through increased implementation reporting to better understand how variability in fidelity of implementation affects treatment outcomes.},
}

@article {pmid40025745,
year = {2025},
author = {Norén, L and Bergström, M and Wallander, L},
title = {Coming to Terms with Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration: A Scoping Review.},
journal = {Journal of evidence-based social work (2019)},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {469-498},
doi = {10.1080/26408066.2025.2469670},
pmid = {40025745},
issn = {2640-8074},
mesh = {Humans ; *Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data/prevention & control/psychology ; Risk Factors ; Female ; Male ; },
abstract = {PURPOSE: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global issue requiring a thorough understanding of risk factors to inform prevention strategies. This study applies Kraemer et al.'s (2005) categorization system to classify risk factors for IPV perpetration, addressing two research questions: 1) What variables or attributes are commonly employed to assess the risks associated with IPV perpetration, and how can these be thematized? 2) Which non-correlates, correlates, fixed markers, variable markers, and causal risk factors related to IPV perpetration are identified and examined in the existing literature?

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scoping review of 62 publications on risk factors for IPV perpetration in married- and cohabiting couples was conducted. Risk factors were categorized using Kraemer et al.'s (2005) system.

RESULTS: The risk factors were classified into eight themes based on their shared characteristics. All variables fit Kraemer et al.'s categorization system. The majority showed correlational relationships. Fixed markers appeared in two themes, while variable markers appeared in six themes, however publications on these were limited. No causal risk factors were found.

DISCUSSION: The risk categorization system by Kraemer et al. enhances understanding of IPV perpetration risk factors. Priority areas for preventing IPV include reducing the risk of experiencing violence in childhood and ensuring access to higher education. More longitudinal research is needed for the remaining categories to establish temporal relationships.

CONCLUSION: The study highlights the value of Kraemer et al.'s categorization system for distinguishing correlation from causality in IPV risk factors, advancing prevention efforts. Important areas for preventive measures were targeted.},
}

Humans
*Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data/prevention & control/psychology
Risk Factors
Female
Male

@article {pmid40012856,
year = {2025},
author = {Minkels, C and van der Kamp, J and de Vries, R and Beek, PJ},
title = {Learning how to swim in 5- to 12-year-old children: a scoping review of evidence-based motor learning methods.},
journal = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
volume = {7},
number = {},
pages = {1505301},
pmid = {40012856},
issn = {2624-9367},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Swimming is widely acknowledged for its safety and health benefits. Across the world children are receiving swimming lessons in which a variety of learning methods are employed. However, little is known about the effectiveness of those methods, and a comprehensive overview of pertinent research is lacking. Such an overview is needed for both researchers and instructors seeking to improve swimming skill acquisition in children.

OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to provide an overview of studies examining the effectiveness of motor learning methods for the acquisition of swimming skills by 5- to 12-year-old children, including an evaluation of their theoretical underpinnings, methodological quality, and core findings.

METHODS: This scoping review adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and followed Tricco et al.'s framework for conducting and reporting scoping reviews. Five bibliographic databases were systematically searched. Peer-reviewed studies in all languages published before 2025 were considered. Studies focusing on children with water-related fear were included. Gray literature, non-peer-reviewed studies and studies on specific groups (e.g., young, competitive swimmers or children with disabilities), or cognitive/motivational outcomes were excluded. Review selection and characterization were performed by three independent reviewers using pretested forms.

RESULTS: A total of 23 studies were included, which were classified into three main categories: traditional motor learning methods (n = 4), contemporary methods (n = 1), and atheoretical methods (n = 18). Traditional methods focused on video-based instruction and feedback (n = 4). Contemporary methods involved a single study on a non-linear swimming program (n = 1). Atheoretical methods were further classified into learn-to-swim programs (n = 12), learning environments (n = 3), and assistive devices (n = 3). Most studies (87%) reported a positive effect of the motor learning method under investigation during practice. However, significant methodological limitations were identified. Specifically, 87% of studies did not incorporate retention or transfer tests, 35% lacked control or comparison groups, and 48% did not provide detailed descriptions of the investigated intervention(s). Additionally, 83% of studies were not explicitly grounded in theoretical frameworks, except for the video-based studies and the study on a non-linear swimming program.

CONCLUSION: The literature on this topic is scarce, generally atheoretical and of questionable methodological quality. Addressing these shortcomings in future research will improve the evidence-base for the effectiveness of theoretically inspired learning methods for the acquisition of swimming skills in children, and their long-term retention and transfer, which in turn might result in evidence-based innovations in swimming lessons.

PRISMA (RRID:SCR_018721).},
}

@article {pmid39955147,
year = {2025},
author = {Robinson, J and Abrams, R and Price, O and Barley, E},
title = {Tools used to measure the therapeutic relationship between staff and service users in adult mental health care: A scoping review.},
journal = {Archives of psychiatric nursing},
volume = {54},
number = {},
pages = {73-83},
doi = {10.1016/j.apnu.2025.01.007},
pmid = {39955147},
issn = {1532-8228},
mesh = {Humans ; *Mental Health Services ; Adult ; *Mental Disorders/therapy ; *Professional-Patient Relations ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Therapeutic relationships are key to both service user recovery and the safety of staff and service users in adult mental health care. However, staff over-involvement (crossing professional boundaries including sexual and emotional exploitation) and under-involvement (staff disinterest, avoidance or neglect) is often a cause for concern within mental health care. Little is known about measuring and assessing over / under involvement. This scoping review provides a broad understanding of existing tools used to measure this in adult mental health care.

OBJECTIVE: To explore what measures are used, and the characteristics of the identified measures, to understand the therapeutic relationship between staff and adult service users in mental health care settings.

DESIGN: Scoping review.

SETTING(S): Adult mental health settings.

PARTICIPANTS: Service users and staff.

METHODS: This review is guided by Levac et al.'s six stage methodology of scoping review frameworks. The reporting of this review has been guided by the PRISMA-ScR.

RESULTS: Of 2863 papers found, 23 were eligible for inclusion. The papers identified 14 scales. No tool specifically measured over- or under- involvement. Finally, data indicates that scales should be specific to their intended setting as the nature of therapeutic relationships may vary by setting.

CONCLUSIONS: Definitions of therapeutic relationships and over- and under-involvement relevant to different settings are needed. There is a need to develop setting-specific scales to measure therapeutic involvement and definitions for over- and under- involvement. This would enhance care provided to service users and encourage staff members to challenge their own boundary setting practices.

REGISTRATION: https://osf.io/93dxp/.},
}

Humans
*Mental Health Services
Adult
*Mental Disorders/therapy
*Professional-Patient Relations

@article {pmid39935463,
year = {2025},
author = {van Genugten, CR and Thong, MSY and van Ballegooijen, W and Kleiboer, AM and Spruijt-Metz, D and Smit, AC and Sprangers, MAG and Terhorst, Y and Riper, H},
title = {Beyond the current state of just-in-time adaptive interventions in mental health: a qualitative systematic review.},
journal = {Frontiers in digital health},
volume = {7},
number = {},
pages = {1460167},
pmid = {39935463},
issn = {2673-253X},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) are interventions designed to deliver timely tailored support by adjusting to changes in users' internal states and external contexts. To accomplish this, JITAIs often apply complex analytic techniques, such as machine learning or Bayesian algorithms to real- or near-time data acquired from smartphones and other sensors. Given the idiosyncratic, dynamic, and context dependent nature of mental health symptoms, JITAIs hold promise for mental health. However, the development of JITAIs is still in the early stages and is complex due to the multifactorial nature of JITAIs. Considering this complexity, Nahum-Shani et al. developed a conceptual framework for developing and testing JITAIs for health-related problems. This review evaluates the current state of JITAIs in the field of mental health including their alignment with Nahum-Shani et al.'s framework.

METHODS: Nine databases were systematically searched in August 2023. Protocol or empirical studies self-identifying their intervention as a "JITAI" targeting mental health were included in the qualitative synthesis if they were published in peer-reviewed journals and written in English.

RESULTS: Of the 1,419 records initially screened, 9 papers reporting on 5 JITAIs were included (sample size range: 5 to an expected 264). Two JITAIs were for bulimia nervosa, one for depression, one for insomnia, and one for maternal prenatal stress. Although most core components of Nahum-Shani's et al.'s framework were incorporated in the JITAIs, essential elements (e.g., adaptivity and receptivity) within the core components were missing and the core components were only partly substantiated by empirical evidence (e.g., interventions were supported, but the decision rules and points were not). Complex analytical techniques such as data from passive monitoring of individuals' states and contexts were hardly used. Regarding the current state of studies, initial findings on usability, feasibility, and effectiveness appear positive.

CONCLUSIONS: JITAIs for mental health are still in their early stages of development, with opportunities for improvement in both development and testing. For future development, it is recommended that developers utilize complex analytical techniques that can handle real-or near-time data such as machine learning, passive monitoring, and conduct further research into empirical-based decision rules and points for optimization in terms of enhanced effectiveness and user-engagement.},
}

@article {pmid39934874,
year = {2025},
author = {Prananto, K and Cahyadi, S and Lubis, FY and Hinduan, ZR},
title = {Perceived teacher support and student engagement among higher education students - a systematic literature review.},
journal = {BMC psychology},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {112},
pmid = {39934874},
issn = {2050-7283},
mesh = {Humans ; *Students/psychology ; *Motivation ; *Social Support ; *School Teachers/psychology ; *Academic Success ; Self Efficacy ; Universities ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Research on student engagement has garnered significant interest from educators and practitioners because of its direct impact on academic success and achievement. Engaged students tend to perform better academically and exhibit fewer undesirable study behaviors, thereby enhancing academic outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic literature review consolidates research on the impact of perceived teacher support on student engagement in higher education. This study emphasizes the association between teacher support in improving students' academic performance, motivation, and retention. Furthermore, the review explores key theoretical frameworks, such as self-determination theory and social cognitive theory, alongside methodological tools such as measurement instruments and statistical analyses. The goal is to equip psychologists and educational researchers with insights into the relevant frameworks, tools, and methods for advancing future studies within the context of higher education.

METHODS: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. We conducted a comprehensive search for academic studies published in English within databases such as APA PsycNet, Scopus, ERIC, EBSCOHost, ProQuest, and PubMed to identify eligible studies published between 2014 and 2024.

RESULTS: A review of 13 selected articles revealed that both students' personal characteristics and school environment factors mediate and moderate the relationship between perceived teacher support and student engagement. The students' personal characteristics factors include self-efficacy, the fulfillment of psychological needs, and motivation, whereas school environment factors involve the learning environment and the quality of teacher-student and peer relationships. Our findings show a lack of studies prior to 2020, with most research conducted in China and limited contributions from Malaysia and Vietnam. The reviewed articles predominantly used cross-sectional quantitative designs and self-report questionnaires, employing statistical methods like path analysis and structural equation modeling. Theoretical frameworks on student engagement mostly followed Fredricks et al.'s model, while teacher support theories varied, with three main patterns identified: direct influence, mediation through basic psychological needs, and social cognitive perspectives. This review emphasizes the crucial role of teacher support in enhancing student engagement in higher education and urges further exploration in this under-researched area.

CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this review underscores the significant role of teacher support in enhancing student engagement in higher education. It highlights key theoretical frameworks and research methodologies, offering valuable insights for future studies aimed at advancing teacher support and student engagement in this context.},
}

Humans
*Students/psychology
*Motivation
*Social Support
*School Teachers/psychology
*Academic Success
Self Efficacy
Universities

@article {pmid39923277,
year = {2025},
author = {Hall, S and Koslouski, JB and Richter, CG and Chafouleas, SM},
title = {Measures of emotional well-being for individuals with intellectual disabilities: A scoping review of reviews.},
journal = {Research in developmental disabilities},
volume = {158},
number = {},
pages = {104940},
pmid = {39923277},
issn = {1873-3379},
support = {U24 AT011281/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Intellectual Disability/psychology ; *Quality of Life/psychology ; *Emotions ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This scoping review of reviews examines how one facet of quality of life, emotional well-being (EWB), has been assessed for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), including the characteristics of measures that have been designed, adapted, or administered to individuals in this population.

METHODS: Following established practices for scoping reviews, we searched the ERIC, APA Psych Info, and Academic Search Premier databases in November 2022 for review articles that included measures of EWB that had been designed, adapted, or administered to individuals with ID. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted independent double coding at the title and abstract and full text review stages. From each included review article, we extracted the review's purpose, EWB-related construct of interest, and EWB-related measure names and authors. We then located each measure and coded its items using Park et al.'s (2023) definition of EWB. We also coded the "non-EWB" domains assessed by these measures. We used the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-Scr) checklist to structure our manuscript.

RESULTS: The scoping review identified 10 review articles that included 14 unique measures of EWB. Each of these measures included at least 1 item (M = 2.8) that assessed EWB. Quality of life was the most common EWB-related construct specified by review articles. Measures frequently assessed additional constructs beyond EWB, including self-determination, interpersonal relations, physical well-being, and material well-being.

CONCLUSIONS: In measures designed or adapted for individuals with ID, EWB is often included as a subcomponent of quality of life. Because of EWB's link to positive social, emotional, behavioral, and health outcomes, research is needed to identify the most salient components of EWB for individuals with ID. This would allow for measures and interventions to be developed to promote EWB in this population.

WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: This study provides a scoping review of available measures of EWB that have been designed, adapted, or administered to individuals with ID. Study findings detail the characteristics of these measures, highlighting gaps in available EWB measures for children and adolescents with ID. We also found that emotional well-being is frequently assessed as a component of a broader construct (e.g., quality of life) using a small number of items. This suggests a need and opportunity for growth in further understanding emotional well-being assessment in individuals with ID.},
}

Humans
*Intellectual Disability/psychology
*Quality of Life/psychology
*Emotions

@article {pmid39915896,
year = {2025},
author = {Wassef, K and Ma, K and Durieux, BN and Brown, TL and Paladino, J and Thorne, S and Sanders, JJ},
title = {Measuring the quality of patient-provider relationships in serious illness: A scoping review.},
journal = {Palliative medicine},
volume = {39},
number = {3},
pages = {332-345},
pmid = {39915896},
issn = {1477-030X},
mesh = {Humans ; *Critical Illness/psychology ; *Professional-Patient Relations ; Male ; Female ; *Quality of Health Care/standards ; *Physician-Patient Relations ; Middle Aged ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: People affected by serious illness face several threats to their well-being: physical symptoms, psychological distress, disrupted social relations, and spiritual/existential crises. Relationships with clinicians provide a form of structured support that promotes shared decision-making and adaptive stress coping. Measuring relationship quality may improve quality assessment and patient care outcomes. However, researchers and those promoting quality improvement lack clear guidance on measuring this.

AIM: To identify and assess items from valid measures of patient-provider relationship quality in serious illness settings for guiding quality assessment.

DESIGN: Scoping review.

DATA SOURCES: We identified peer-reviewed, English-language articles published from 1990 to 2023 in CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed. Eligible articles described the validation of measures assessing healthcare experiences of patient populations characterized by serious illness. We used Clarke et al.'s theory of relationship quality to assess relationship-focused items.

RESULTS: From 3868 screened articles, we identified 101 publications describing 47 valid measures used in serious illness settings. Measures assessed patients and other caregivers. We determined that 597 of 2238 items (26.7%) related to relationships. Most measures (n = 46) included items related to engaging the patient as a whole person. Measures evaluated how providers promote information exchange (n = 35), foster therapeutic alliance (n = 35), recognize and respond to emotion (n = 27), and include patients in care-related decisions (n = 23). Few instruments (n = 9) assessed patient self-management and navigation.

CONCLUSIONS: Measures include items that assess patient-provider relationship quality in serious illness settings. Researchers may consider these for evaluating and improving relationship quality, a patient-centered care and research outcome.},
}

Humans
*Critical Illness/psychology
*Professional-Patient Relations
Male
Female
*Quality of Health Care/standards
*Physician-Patient Relations
Middle Aged

@article {pmid39901141,
year = {2025},
author = {O'Connor, H and Meloncelli, N and Wilkinson, SA and Scott, AM and Vincze, L and Rushton, A and Dawson, S and Hollis, J and Whiteoak, B and Gauci, S and de Jersey, S},
title = {Effective dietary interventions during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of behavior change techniques to promote healthy eating.},
journal = {BMC pregnancy and childbirth},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {112},
pmid = {39901141},
issn = {1471-2393},
mesh = {Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; *Diet, Healthy/methods ; *Behavior Therapy/methods ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; *Prenatal Care/methods ; *Health Promotion/methods ; Feeding Behavior ; },
abstract = {Improving dietary intake during pregnancy can mitigate adverse consequences for women and their children. The effective techniques and features for supporting and sustaining dietary change during pregnancy and postpartum are minimally reported. The primary aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to summarise the effectiveness of dietary interventions for pregnant woman, identify which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and intervention features were most frequently used and determine which were most effective at improving dietary intake. Six databases were searched to identify randomised control trials (RCTs) reporting on dietary intake in pregnant women over the age of sixteen, with an active intervention group compared to a control group receiving usual care or less intensive interventions. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 1 was used to assess study validity. BCTs were coded by two authors using Michie et al.'s BCT taxonomy V1. A random effect model assessed intervention effects on indices of dietary quality and food groups (fruit, vegetables, grains and cereals, meat, and dairy) in relation to the use of BCTs and intervention features. Thirty- seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria. High heterogeneity was observed across intervention characteristics and measures of fidelity. Only half of the available BCTs were used, with eleven used once. The BCT category Reward and threat was successful in improving dietary quality and vegetable intake, whilst 'Action planning' (1.4) from the category Goals and planning significantly improved dietary quality. Interventions delivered by a nutrition professional and those that included group sessions improved dietary quality more than those delivered by other health professionals, research staff, or application-delivered interventions and delivered via other modalities. Future dietary interventions during pregnancy should incorporate and report on BCTs used in the intervention. Successful design elements for improving antenatal dietary intake may include multimodal interventions delivered by nutrition professionals and the use of Rewards and Goal setting.},
}

Humans
Female
Pregnancy
*Diet, Healthy/methods
*Behavior Therapy/methods
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
*Prenatal Care/methods
*Health Promotion/methods
Feeding Behavior

@article {pmid39898689,
year = {2025},
author = {Farrell, S and Mills, TA and Lavender, DT},
title = {Exploring parental knowledge, care-seeking, and support strategies for neonatal illness: an integrative review of the African Great Lakes region.},
journal = {Global health action},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {2450137},
pmid = {39898689},
issn = {1654-9880},
support = {/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; *Parents/psychology ; Infant, Newborn ; *Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Africa South of the Sahara ; *Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy ; Female ; Socioeconomic Factors ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa shoulders much of the global burden of neonatal mortality. Quality postnatal care is often lacking due to availability, accessibility, mistrust of health systems, and socio-economic barriers, yet delays in care-seeking contribute to avoidable neonatal deaths. Research highlights the urgent need for improved health education about neonatal illness; however, contextual factors are rarely considered, and few interventions have been implemented.

OBJECTIVES: To critically examine the literature on parents' knowledge of neonatal illness and care-seeking behaviour and evaluate interventions supporting parental understanding in sub-Saharan African Great Lakes countries.

METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Global Health, the Cochrane Library, and thesis repositories. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were critically analysed using Whittemore and Knafl's framework, and quality was assessed with Hawker et al.'s tool, following PRISMA guidelines.

RESULTS: Seventy studies (48 quantitative, 14 qualitative, eight mixed methods) were reviewed. The first theme, "poor knowledge of neonatal illness", showed parents struggled to recognise illness, with knowledge affected by maternity and socio-economic factors. The second theme, "sub-optimal healthcare-seeking behaviour", highlighted delayed care-seeking due to cultural, social, and economic factors. Finally, "strategies to support parents' understanding" emphasised the roles of community workers, health education phone calls, SMS, and videos, and neonatal monitoring systems.

CONCLUSIONS: Parental knowledge of neonatal illness is generally low, and care-seeking is influenced by beliefs, trust in healthcare, and logistical challenges. While community health workers and multi-media interventions appear effective, health education efforts must address contextual barriers and beliefs to improve recognition and care-seeking for neonatal illness.},
}

Humans
*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
*Parents/psychology
Infant, Newborn
*Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Africa South of the Sahara
*Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
Female
Socioeconomic Factors

@article {pmid39842248,
year = {2025},
author = {Micallef, C and Somanadhan, S and O'Donnell, D and Thompson, W and Stokes, D and Koe, S and Davies, C},
title = {Distraction-based interventions for children in the emergency care setting: A realist synthesis based on primary research.},
journal = {Journal of pediatric nursing},
volume = {81},
number = {},
pages = {43-54},
doi = {10.1016/j.pedn.2025.01.017},
pmid = {39842248},
issn = {1532-8449},
mesh = {Humans ; Child ; *Pain Management/methods ; *Emergency Service, Hospital ; *Anxiety/prevention & control/therapy ; Male ; Female ; *Stress, Psychological/prevention & control ; Child, Preschool ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The literature underscores the prevalence of pain as the most common presenting symptom in the Emergency Care Setting (ECS) and is associated with anxiety and stress for children. On top of that painful procedures are often required as part of their treatment, making procedural pain a common experience. The substantial evidence supporting the effectiveness of distraction-based interventions (DBI) in relieving pain and anxiety and reducing stress underscores the urgency of addressing this issue. However, the fragmented adoption of standardised DBI highlights the need for further research and implementation.

PURPOSE: To conduct a realist synthesis based on primary research exploring "what works for whom under what circumstances, how and why?" when implementing DBI in the ECS.

REVIEW METHODS: Empirical research evidence was retrieved systematically from eight databases covering health and social sciences. The studies were synthesised based on the principles of realist science, drawing on Pawson and Tilley's (1997) and Dalkin et al.'s (2015) programme theory development, which explains the contexts and mechanisms that generate positive outcomes about DBI for children in the ECS.

RESULTS: Of the 2099 studies screened, 64 were included. Screening was conducted 2023 to December 2024. A synthesis of the findings generated five Programme Theories (PT). PT1 focuses on the personalisation of DBI for children in the ECS, PT2 explains the importance of parental participation, PT3 highlights the importance of healthcare workers (HCWs) commitment to adopting DBI in practice, PT4 draws attention to policy-level efforts necessary for implementation support, and PT5 focuses on engaging all stakeholders in the implementation process.

CONCLUSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to apply a realist lens to understand the use of DBI in children attending the ECS and present the mechanisms that enable and/or inhibit its implementation and utilisation in everyday clinical practice.

IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: This realist synthesis provides methodological guidance in the form of PT that can be utilised by clinical practitioners to adopt and implement DBI within the healthcare setting.},
}

Humans
Child
*Pain Management/methods
*Emergency Service, Hospital
*Anxiety/prevention & control/therapy
Male
Female
*Stress, Psychological/prevention & control
Child, Preschool